USA > Pennsylvania > Philadelphia County > Philadelphia > The Philadelphia Directory, 1820 > Part 48
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Thomas H Jervey
Thos, S. Singleton Simeon Theus Thomas Chapman William Joyner Arch. S Bullock James Holmes
Thomas Bourke
2 M'Queen M'Intosh
Richard Ferguson Charles Pelham
Henry P Wilcox Jolın Andrews Gideon D Cobb W. H. Beaumont William Emerson Louis Blanc
New Orleans Bayou St John Charlestown (L) Teche Mobile Detroit
Beverly Chew
James Miller Adden Lewis William Woodbridge Michilimackinac Adam D Stewart NOTE-The ports which have stars affixed, thus *, are those at which vessels from the Cape of Good Hope, or any place be- yond, are admitted to make entry.
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NAVAL OFFICERS.
Portsmouth, Elijah Hall-Newburyport, Daniel Sweet-Sa- lem, Henry Elkins-Boston, Thomas Melville-Newport, Wal- ter Nichols-Providence, Samuel Brown-New York, John Ferguson-Philadelphia, Samuel Clarke -- Baltimore, Joshua Barney-Norfolk, Philemon Gatewood-Wilmington,. John D. Jones-Charleston, Thomas Waring-Savannah, Alexander Ir- vine-New Orleans, Edwin Lorrain.
PUBLIC APPRAISERS,
Afipointed under the Act supplementary to the Collection Law, hassed during the late session.
Boston, William Little, Isaac Waters-New York, Ichabod. Prall, Abraham R. Lawrence-Philadelphia, Samuel Ross, Thos. Stewart-Baltimore, William Dickinson, William Haslett,
UNITED STATES' PATENTS.
The general law concerning the issuing of Patents will be found in the second volume of the Laws of the United States, page 200. This law provides for citizens only ; but a subsequent law (vol. 5, page 88) provides also for applicants who have re- sided two years or upwards in the United States, and who are not citizens.
In applying for a patent, it is necessary to attend to every legal form, for in consequence of inattention to forms only, some of the patents issued formerly, have in the courts of law been declared to be null and void.
MODE OF APPLICATION.
" Every inventor, before he presents his petition to the secre- tary of state, signifying his desire of obtaining a patent, shall pay into the treasury of the United States, thirty dollars, for which he will be furnished with duplicate receipts, one of which he shall deliver to the secretary of state, when he presents his pe- tition ; and the money thus paid shall be in full for the sundry services to be performed in the office of the secretary of state, consequent to such petition. This petition must be addressed to the secretary of state, and may be in the following or in a similar style :
To the Hon.
States. -, Secretary of State of the United
The petition of A. B. of
.- , in the county of -- , and . state of - - -, respectfully represents :
That your petitioner has invented a new and useful improve- ment [" or art, machine, manufacture or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement in any art, machine, manu- facture, or composition of matter"] in -, not known or used before his application, the advantages of which he is desirous of securing to himself and his legal representatives ; he therefore prays, that latters patent of the United States may be issued, granting unto your petitioner, his heirs admistrators, or assigns,
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the full and exclusive night of making, constructing, using, and vending to others to be used, his said improvement, (art, inven- tion, machine, manufacture or composition of matter, &c.) agreeably to the acts of Congress in such case made and provi- ded ; your petitioner having paid thirty dollars into the treasury of the United States, and complied with the other provisions of - the said acts. A. B.
The specification or description of the machine, art, discovery, or invention, must be given in clear and specific terms, designa- ting it from all other inventions, and describing the whole in such a manner as to comprehend not only the form and construction, if a machine, but also the mode of using the same ; and if it be only an improvement on a certain machine already invented by the applicant or any other, it ought to be so mentioned or de- scribed ; and as this specification, description, or schedule, enters into and forms part of the patent, it must be without any refer- ences to a model or drawing, and must be signed by the appli- cant or applicants, before two witnesses. It is material that this be in good language, and correctly written, as it is transcribed into the patent, and the original papers will be deposited in an office, that will hand them down to posterity ; by which the honour of the country is concerned in this attention. The modest inventor will, no doubt, exclude those panegyrics on the excel- lence of his invention or discovery, which abounds sometimes in the productions of the inferior genius, but which ought not to enter into the patent.
The following, or a similar oath or affirmation, taken [before a judge of any of the courts, or a justice of the peace, or any per- son qualified to administer an oath] by the applicant or appli- cants, must be subjoined to the specification, if citizens of the United States :
FORM.
County of,
State of- = }88. On this - of - ..... , 181 , before the subscriber, a justice of the peace, in and for the said county, personally appeared the aforenamed A. B. and made solemn oath [or affirmation ] accord- ing to law, that he verily believes himself to be the true and ori- ginal inventor or discoverer of the art, [machine, invention, or improvement, composition of matter, &c. ] above specified and described, for - (mention here the object or intention) -, and that he is a citizen of the United States.
, Justice Peace.
If not a citizen (or citizens) the following addition must be made to the declaration, " that he verily believes himself to be the true and original inventor or discoverer of the art, &c. And that the same hath not, to the best of his or her knowledge, or belief, been known or used, either in this or any foreign country " Also, that he (or she) hath resided in the United States two years and upwards."
It is not necessary that the time of residence should immedi- ately precede the application.
If an inventor or discoverer should die intestate, before an ap- plication be made for a patent, his legal representatives may
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apply for the patent, in trust for the heirs at law ; otherwise in trust for the devisees.
The specification must be accompanied by a good drawing, in perspective, of the whole machine or apparatus, " where the na- ture of the case admits of drawings, or with specimens of the ingredients, and of the composition of matter, sufficient in quan- tity for the purpose of experiment, where the invention is of a composition of matter." "" And such inventor shall, moreover, deliver a model of his machine, provided the secretary shall deem such model to be necessary." It is requisite, in giving a drawing of the machine, to give also sectional drawings of the interior when the machine be complex ; and every drawing should be ac- companied with explanatory references. If the machine is com- plex, a model will likewise be necessary, not only to explain and render it comprehensible to a common capacity, but also to pre- vent infringements of rights ; for many will plead ignorance of drawings, who cannot avoid conviction by wheels and pinions.
The drawings ought not to exceed a quarto size, and if confin- ed to octavo they would be still better, where it can be done conveniently and distinctly.
Many of the drawings in this office are executed in a very handsome style, and do much credit to the gentlemen whose names are ascertained. If the artists would always sign them, with their directions, information might be given to the appli- cants for patents where to apply for drawings.
The papers must all be sent directed to the superintendent of the Patent Office, under cover to the secretary of state, which of course renders them free of postage ; but if models be sent, their freight or carriage hither must be paid, and, before pack- ing them, the name or names of the inventor or inventors should be written thereon, with the name of the machine, and the date ; for, sometimes, on receiving them, it is difficult to know to whom they appertain.
The congress being impressed with a high sense of the value of the inventions of our citizens, have purchased an elegant and extensive building, wherein preparations are made for the ac- commodation of a very numerous collection of the machines il- lustrative of the ingenuity displayed ; and this Museum of the Arts, it is presumed, will stimulate the ingenious to send the models of their machines and inventions in a style that will rather honour than discredit themselves and our country.
Copy-rights of books, prints, charts, maps, &c. are secured " by depositing, before publication, a printed copy of the title of such map, chart, book or books, in the clerk's office of the dis- trict court, where the author o. proprietor shall reside, who will record the same ; and the author or proprietor shall within two monthis from the date of the record, cause a copy of the said re- cord to be published in one or more of the newspapers printed in the United States, for the space of four weeks. And within six months of publishing the map, chart, book, or books, the au- thor or proprietor shall deliver, or cause to be delivered to the secretary of state, a copy of the same ;" and, when deposited and entered in the patent office, a certificate will be returned of its being received. This will secure the sole right of publication,
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for fourteen years, to the author or proprietor, if a citizen of the United States, or resident therein. "And if, at the expiration of the term, the author or authors, or proprietors, or any of them, be living and a citizen or citizens of these United States, or resi- dents therein, the same exclusive right shall be continued to him er them, his or their executors, administrators or assigns, for the further term of fourteen years ; provided, he or they shall cause the title thereof to be recorded and published in the above man- ner, within six months before the expiration of the first term of fourteen years aforesaid." In securing designs for paper hang- ings and ornaments for rooms, &c. a specimen of each should be deposited in the clerk's office where the inventor resides, who will describe, in writing, all the ornaments, and the colours used in each, so as to designate them, with the changes that are propo- sed to be used in changing the ground and general tint. Let each paper thus described, be numbered, 1, 2, 3, &c. and after enter- ing them in the clerk's office, and publishing them as directed, let a specimen of each be sent to the honourable the secretary of state, or through him to the person who directs the patent office, with correspondent descriptions and numbers ; and a certificate of such a deposit will complete the requisitions of the law in se- curing the exclusive right to each original production of genius. WM. THORNTON.
POST OFFICE ESTABLISHMENT.
The Post Office establishment is under the direction of a Post- master General, whose office is called the General Post Office, and is kept at the seat of government.
Congress, by special act, establishes such post roads as appear to thiem expedient. At this time there is a main post road which extends 1,733 miles from Robbinstown, on the north-eastern ex- tremity of the sea-coast of the United States, to St. Mary's, on the south eastern extremity ; and another main post road which leads from the seat of government to New-Orleans, being a distance of 1,233 miles, and branches, or cross roads, which keep up a communication between the capital of the United States, and the capitals of the individual states, and also with every city or vil- lage of any note. The aggregate of the extent of the several post roads is about 51,600 miles.
The mail is carried by contrasts made with the Postmaster General, who has divided the whole into nearly 400 routes or contracts, and has stipulated for its conveyance as often and with such expedition as he finds the public interest requires. It runs daily between the great and commercial towns ; twice a week to the capitals of each state, not commercial; and once a week to other places. The usual rate of travelling en the cross-roads, is 40 miles a day ; and from 60 to 120 miles in 24 hours, between the great commercial towns.
Post Offices are established by the Postmaster General, at such places as he considers expedient.
There are stages for the conveyance of the mail and passen- gers, from Belfast in Maine, to St. Mary's in Georgia, and on many of the cross-roads.
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TABLE
OF THE
POST OFFICE ESTABLISHMENT,
From 1789 to 1818, inclusive.
No. of Post Offices.
Amount of Postages.
Compensation to Post
Masters.
Incidental Expenses.
Transportation of the
Mail.
Nett revenue.
Extent in miles of the Post Roads.
1790
75
S37,935
$8,198 $1,861
S22,081
$5,795
1,875
1791
89
46,294
10,312: 3,092
23,293
9,597
1,905
1792
195
67,444
16,5181 5,282
32,731
12,913
5,642
1793
209
104,747
21,646| 5,660
44,734
32,707
5,642
1794
450.
128,947
27,156 9,812
53,005
33,974
11,984
1795
453:
160,620
30,272 12,262
75,359
42,727
13,207
1796
468
195,067
35,730 14,353
81,489
63,495
13,207
1797
554
213,998
47,109 13,623
89,382
63,884
16,180
1798
639
232,977
56,035 16,035
107,014
53,893
16,180
1799
677
264,846
63,958 14,605
109,475
76,808
16,180
1800
903
280,804
69,243 16,107
198,644
66,810
20,817
1801
1025
320,443
79,338 23,363
152.450
65,292
22,309
1802 1114
327,045
85,587 21,658
174,671
45,129
25,315
1803 1258
351,823
93,170; 24.084
205.110
29,459
25,315
1804 1405
389,450 107,716. 24,231
205,555
51,948
29,556
1805 1558
421.373 111,552; 26,180
239,635
44,006
31,076
1806|1710
446,106 119,785
25,895
267,8931
32,533
33,431
1807
1848
478,763|129,041|
32,093
292,751
24,878
33,753
1808
1944
460,564,128,653
28,676
305,499
34,035
1809
2012
506,634 141,579
23,516
332,917
8,622
34,035
1810|2300
551,684 149,438
18,565
327,966
55,715
36,406
1811
2403
587,247
159,244
20,689
319,166
88,148
36,406
1812
2610
649,208 177,422
22,117
340,626 109,043
39,378
1813
703,155 221,848
20,605
438,559
22,143
39,540
1814
730,370 234,354
17,170
475,602
3,244
41,736
1815 3000 1,043,065 241,901
18,441
487,779 294,944
43,966
1816 3260 961,782 265,544
16,508
521,970 157,760
48,976
1817 3459,1,002,973|303,916
23,410
589,189
86,458
51,600
1818 3618
(5)
Years.
1789
75
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A VIEW
OF THE
Progress of the Post Office Department.
| The several periods re-
ferred to.
No. of Post Offices.
Length of Post Roads.
Weekly transportation
of the mail in stages.
Weekly transportation
of the mail in sulkies
and on horseback.
Weekly transportation
of the Mails:
Yearly transportation of the Mails.
Periods.
Nos. 209
Miles.
Miles.
Miles.
Miles.
Miles.
1793
5,642
8,567
7,662
16,229
843,908
1797
554
16,180
14,902
19,708
34,610 1,799,720
1801
1,025
21,840
24,490
34,380
1803
1,258
25,315
30,172
37,228
58,870 3,061,964 67,400 3,504,800
1807
1,848
33,755
41,528
45,000
86,528 4,499,456
1811
2,403
36,406
46,380
61,171
107,550 5,592,652
1816
3,260
48,976
71,046
74,516
145,562 7,569,224
1817
3,459
51,600
The Mail is transported in stages, each day in the year, 10,121 ıniles.
The Mail is transported in sulkies and on horseback, each day in the year, 10,616 miles, making 20,737 miles per day.
If you divide the post roads of the United States into two distinct post routes, the Mail will travel each week, in stages nearly equal to three times round the globe ; and divide all the post roads in the United States, into four equal or distinct post routes, on which the Mail is carried in stages, sulkies, and on horseback, it will be equal to a travel of six times, each week, round the globe, averaging one Post Office for every 15 miles of post road.
The Mail is transported by a direct or corresponding line of stages, from Anson (in the district of Maine,) via Washington city, to Nashville, (Tennessee,) a distance of 1,448 miles, in a south- western direction. The Mail is transported, by a direct line of stages, from St. Mary's, in Georgia, to Highgate, in Vermont, via Washington city, a distance of 1,369 miles, in a northern direction.
RATES OF POSTAGE. For Single Letters, composed of one piece of paper. Any distance not exceeding 36 miles, 6 cents. Over 36 and not exceeding 80 miles, 10 cents. Over 80 and not exceeding 150 miles, 12} cents. Over 150 and not exceeding 400 miles, 18§ cents. Over 400 miles, 25 cents.
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Double Letters, or those composed of two pieces of paper, are charged with double those rates.
Triple Letters, with triple those rates.
Quadruple Letters, with quadruple those rates, provided they weigh one ounce ; otherwise, with triple postage.
Every Packet, composed of four or more pieces of paper, and weighing one ounce or more, is to be charged with single postagc for each quarter of an ounce ; except letters conveyed by water mails, which are not to be charged with more than quadruple postage, unless the packets actually contain more than four dis- tinct letters
Newspapers cents
Each paper carried not over 100 miles, 1 Over 100 miles, - 12
But if carried to any Post Office in the state in which it is printed, whatever be the distance, the rate is - -
1 Magazines and Pamphlets are rated by the sheet. Carried not over 50 miles, per sheet, - 1
Over 50 and not over 100, 12
Any greater distance, -
2
POST OFFICE-PHILADELPHIA, .
116 Chesnut street, Richard Bache, Esq. Postmaster.
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MAILS, CORRECTED FEB. 1, 1820. EASTERN MAIL.
New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Ver- mont, and New Hampshire states, arrives daily, at 7 A. M ; closes daily, at 2 P. M.
Frankford, Holmesburg, Andalusia, Bristol and Morrisville, Pa. arrives daily, at 7 A. M. ; closes daily, at 2 P. M.
Hulmville, Pa. arrives 'Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 7 A. M. ; closes Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 2 P. M. Newton and Attleborough, Pa: arrives Thursday, at 7 A. M .; closes Tuesday, at 2 P. M.
Burlington, Trenton, Princetown, Brunswick, Woodbridge, Rahway, Elizabethtown, Newark, Jersey city, & Amboy, (NJ) rives daily, at 7 A. M. ; closes daily, at 2 P. M.
Newton, Morristown and Sparta, arrives Tuesdays, Thurs- days, and Saturdays, at 7 A. M. ; closes Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 2.P. M.
Via Easton, Pa. for Johnsonburg, Hamburg, Belvidere, Hope, Knowlton Mills, Deckertown, Harmony, & Vernon (N J) arrives Tuesday, at 7 A. M .; closes Monday, (from (1st April to 30th Sept.) at 5 P. M. ; at 3 P. M. (from 1st Oct. to 31st March.)
Flemington, Pittstown, Van Syckles, New Hampton, Ashbury, Mansfield, Bloomsbury, and Milford, (N J) arrives Wednesday, at 7 A. M. ; closes Saturday, at 2 P. M.
All other offices in East New Jersey, arrives Wednesday, at 7 A. M .; closes Monday, at 2 P. M.
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SOUTHERN MAIL.
Delaware State, and the Eastern shore of Maryland and Vir- ginia, arrives daily, at 1 o'clock, P. M. ; closes daily, at 7 o'clock, A. M.
Maryland, Virginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina, Georgia States, and Alabama Territory. arrives daily, at 1 o'clock, P. M .; closes daily, at 7 o'clock, A. M.
Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana States, and Arkansas Territory, arrives Sundays, Tuesdays & Thursdays, at 1 o'clock, P. M. ; closes Sundays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 7 o'clock, A. M.
Ohio South, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri States, and Washington, Brownsville and Union Town, (Pa.) arrives Sundays, Wednesdays and Fridays, at 1 P. M .; closes Sundays, Tuesdays and Thursdays, at 7 A M.
Pittsburgh, (Pa.) and intermediate offices, and via Pittsburg, for Ohio state west, and Michigan Territory, arrives daily, at 4 P. M .; closes daily, at 6 A. M.
Via Harrisburg, (Pa.) for Mifflin and Huntingdon Counties, arrives Wednesday, at 4 P. M. ; closes Sunday, at 6 A. M.
Via Harrisburg for Halifax, (D. Cy ) Seelin's Grove, (U. Cy.) Sunbury and Northumberland, (N. Cy.) Danville and Milton, (Ca. Cy.) Williamsport, (L. Cy.) and Bellfont (Center Cy.) ar- rives Wednesday, at 4 P. M .; closes Thursday, at 6 A. M.
Via Columbia, (Pa.) for York and Adams' Counties, arrives Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 4 P. M .; closes Mon- days, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 6 A. M.
Via Downingstown, (Pa.) for Kennett Square, New London, Cross Roads, Oxford, (Ch. Cy.) and Marshalton, arrives Wed- nesday, at 4 P. M. ; closes Monday, half an hour before sunset.
West Chester, (Pa.) arrives Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 4 P. M .; closes Thursday at 6 A. M. and Monday and Friday half an hour before sunset.
Kimberton, (Ch. Cy.) Charleston, Lower and Upper Merion and Valley Works, (Pa.) arrives Tuesdays and Fridays at 4 P. M .; closes Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 8 A M.
Reading (Pa.) and intermediate offices, arrives Mondays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 6 A. M .; closes Mondays, Wed- nesdays, and Fridays, (from 1st April to 30th Sept.) 5 P. M. ; (from 1st Oct. to 31st March,) 2 P. M.
Via Reading, for Berks, Lebanon and Dauphin counties, ar- rives Mondays and Saturdays, at 6 A. M .; closes Mondays, and Fridays, (from 1st April to 30th Sept.) 5 P. M .; (from Ist Oct. to 31st March) 2 P. M.
Via Reading, for Northumberland, Union, Columbia, Lycom- ing, and Centre counties, arrives Mondays, at 6 A. M .; closes Mondays, from (1st April to 30 Sept.) 5 P. M .; (from 1st Oct. to 31st March, ) 2 P. M.
Easton (Pa.) and intermediate offices, arrives Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 6 A. M. ; closes Mondays, Wed- nesdays, and Saturdays, (from 1st April to 30th Sept.) 5 P. M .; (from 1st Oct. to 31st March) 3 P. M.
Via Easton, (Pa.) for Wilkesbarre and intermediate offices, arrives Tuesdays, and Saturdays, at 6 A. M .; closes Wednes-
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days, and Saturdays, (from 1st April to 30th Sept.) 5 P. M .; (from 1st Oct. to 31st March) 3 P. M.
Via Easton, (Pa.) for Northampton, Luzerne, Pike, Wayne, Susquehanna and Bradford counties, (Pa.) and Tioga, Broome, Steuben, and Ontario counties, (N. Y.) arrives Tuesday, at 6 A. M .; closes Wednesday, (from 1st April to 30th Sept.) 5 P. M. ; (from 1st Oct. to 31st March ) 3 P. M.
Bethlehem, (Pa.) Nazareth Montgomery Square, Quaker- town, Allentown, Lausanne, White Marsh and Kreidersville, arrives Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 6 A. M. ; closes Mondays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays, (from 1st April to 30th Sept.) 5 P. M. ; (from 1st Oct. to 31st March) 3 P. M.
For Bridgetown, (W. N. J.) and intermediate officers, arrives daily at 3 P. M. ; closes daily, at 3 P. M.
Via Bridgetown, for Cedarville, Fairton, and Dividing Creek, arrives Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 3 P. M. ; closes Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 3 P. M.
Via Bridgetown, for Milville, Port Elizabeth, Dennis's Creek, Cape May C. H. and Cape Island, arrives Mondays, and Fri- days, at 3 P. M. ; closes Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 3 P. M.
Salem, (N. J.) via Woodbury, Sweedsborough, and Woods- town, arrives Mondays, Wednesdays, at 3 P. M .; closes Mon- days, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 3 P. M.
Tuckerton, Somer's Point, Long-a-Coming, Evesham, Sooy's Inn, May's Landing, and Absecom, (N. J.) arrives Tuesday, at 4 P. M. ; closes Wednesday at 3 P. M.
Mount Holly and Moore's Town, arrives daily half past 12 A. M. ; closes daily, half past 12 P. M.
Bordentown, New Mills, Haddonfield, New Egypt, and Black Horse, (N J) arrives Wednesday, at half past 12 A. M. ; closes Wednesday, at half past 12 P. M.
Swiftsure mail, via Jenkintown and New Hope, (Pa.) So- merset C. H. Plainfield, Springfield, Bound Brook, and Scotch Plains, (N J) arrives Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 6 A. M. ; closes Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 6 A. M.
Mail for Germantown, (Pa ) arrives daily at 8 A. M .; closes daily at 4 P. M.
Letters must be left at the Post-Office within the time speci- fied, to insure going in the Mail of the day ; and Newspapers, half an hour before that time. As there are several places of the same name in the United States, it is necessary that the di- rections should be particular ; the States should be distinguished, and when it might otherwise be doubtful, the Counties. When Letters are not for a Post-Town the nearest Post-Town ought to be mentioned.
The office is open daily, from sun-rise to sun-set ; except on Sundays, the Fourth of July, and Christmas-day, when it is open from 8 to 9 A. M. and from 1 to 2 P. M
Persons wishing to pay postage when the office is shut, can in- close the money with the letter, directed to " The Post Office." Those who keep accounts with the carriers, or office, will please to inclose the letter directed in the same manner, with a request that the postage be charged to their account.
(5*)
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17 All notes or letters deposited in this office, directed to any part of this city this side of Broad street, and to the populous parts of the Northern Liberties and Southwark, will be carried out with the Eastern, Southern, and Western Letters.
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