USA > Pennsylvania > Bucks County > The history of Bucks County, Pennsylvania : from the discovery of the Delaware to the present time > Part 83
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Virginicum, L. (Wild Pepper Grass.)
campestre, L. (Field Pepper Grass.) Lower end, I. C. Martindale; Sellers- ville, C. D. Fretz ; Kintnerville, T. C. Porter ; Quakertown.
RAPHANUS, L.
Raphanistrum, L. (Wild Radish, Joint- ed Charlock.) Naturalized, lower end, I. C. Martindale.
RESEDACEA.
RESEDA, L.
Luteola, L. (Dyer's Weed or Weld.) Roadsides, near Pleasant Hill; ex- hibits a most luxuriant growthi.
VIOLACEÆ.
SOLEA, Ging., D. C.
concolor, Ging. (Green Violet.) Riclı river bottoms near Point Pleasant ; rare.
VIOLA, L.
rotundifola, Michx. (Round-leaved Violet.) Low woods, near Milford Square ; one of our greatest rarities. lanceolata, L. (Lance-leaved Violet.) Abundant near Quakertown. primulæfolia, L. (Primrose-leaved Vio- let.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale. blanda, Willd. (Sweet White Violet.) Mossy bogs throughout.
odorata, L. (Sweet or English Violet.) cucullata, Ait. (Common Blue Violet.) cucullata, Ait. var. palmata. (Gray Hand-leaf Violet.) cucullata, Ait. var. cordata. Gray. Lower end, I. C. Martindale. sagittata, Ait. (Arrow-leaved Violet.) pedata, L. (Bird-foot Violet.) Lime- stone districts of upper end ; gravelly hills lower end, I. C. Martindale. The most beautiful of all our violets.
8
FLORA OF BUCKS COUNTY.
camina, L. var. sylvestris, Regel. (Dog Violet.)
rostrata, Pursh. (Long-spurred Violet.) Trap rock region ; abundant.
striata, Ait. (Pale Violet.) In rich al- luvion.
Canadensis, L. (Canada Violet.) Nock- amixon rocks ; rare.
pubescens, Ait. (Downy Yellow Violet.) pubescens, Ait. var. eriocarpa, Nutt. (Downy-fruited Violet.)
pubescens, Ait. var. scabriuscula, Torr. & Gray. Lower end, I. C. Martin- dale.
tricolor, L. (Pansy, Heart's ease.) Lower end, I. C. Martindale; near Carvers- ville.
CISTACEAE.
HELIANTHEMUM, Tourn.
Canadense, Michx. (Frost Weed.) Along the entire river border ; on the flinty hills of Springfield.
LECHEA, L.
major, Michx. (Larger Pinweed.) Not rare along the Delaware.
Novæ-Cæsarex, C. F. Austin. (New Jersey Pinweed.) Near Bristol, T. C. Porter. minor, Lam. (Lesser Pinweed.)
DROSERACEÆ.
DROSERA, L.
rotundifolia, L. (Sun Dew.) Peat-bogs of Springfield.
HYPERICACEÆ.
ASCYRUM, L.
stans, Michx. (St. Peter's Wort.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale.
Crux-Andreæ, L. (St. Andrew's Cross.) Hulmeville, I. C. Martindale.
HYPERICUM, L.
pyramidatum, Ait. (Great St. John's Wort.) Delaware river ; near Kint- nerville.
adpressum, Barton. (Appressed St. John's Wort.) Bristol, I. C. Martin- dale.
nudiflorum, Michx. (Naked-flowered St. John's Wort.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale.
ellipticum, Hook. (Elliptical St. John's Wort.) Solliday's island, near Point Pleasant.
angulosum, Michx. (Angular St. John's Wort.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martin- dale.
perforatum, L. (Common St. John's Wort.)
corymbosum, Muhl. (Corymbed St. John's Wort.)
mutilum, L. (Small St. John's Wort.) Canadense, L. (Canada St. John's Wort.) Sparingly throughout.
sarothra, Michx. (Orange Grass, Pine- Weed.
ELODES, Adans.
Virginica, Nutt. (Marsh St. John's Wort.) Bogs, not common. ELATINACEÆE.
ELATINE, L.
Americana, Arnott. (Water Wort.) An- dalusia, I. C. Martindale.
CARYOPHYLLACEÆ.
DIANTHUS, L.
Armeria, L. (Deptford Pink.) Near Sellersvslle, C. D. Fretz.
SAPONARIA, L.
officinalis, L. (Soap Wort, Bouncing Bet.)
SILENA, L.
stellata, Ait. (Starry Campion.)
Armeria, L. (Sweet William Catchfly.) Buckingham.
antirrhina, L. (Sleepy Catchfly.)
noctiflora, L. (Night-flowering Catchfly.) Andalusia, I. C. Martindale.
LYCHNIS, Tourn. Githago, Lam. (Corn Cockle.) ARENARIA, L.
serpylifolia, L. (Thyme-leaved Sand- wort.)
stricta, Michx. (Erect Sandwort.) Rocks near Point Pleasant.
lateriflora, L. (Lateral-flowered Sand- wort.) Trap rock region.
STELLARIA, L.
media, Smith. (Common Chickweed.)
pubera, Michx. (Great Chickweed.) Sellersville, C. D. Fretz ; near Quaker- town.
longifolia, Muhl. (Long-leaved Stitch- wort.)
uliginosa, Murr. (Swamp Stitchwort.) Swamp, Buckingham; near Dyers- town. abundant in deep bogs in Springfield.
CERASTIUM, L.
vulgatum, L. (Mouse-ear Chickweed.) Bensalem, I. C. Martindale.
viscosum, L. (Larger Mouse-ear Chick- weed .. )
nutans, Raf. (Nodding Chickweed.)
arvense, L. (Field Chickweed.) Com- mon along the Delaware, from Point Pleasant to northern limits.
SPURGULARIA, Pers.
rubra, Presl. var. campestris, Gray. (Sand Spurry.) Bensalem, I. C. Mar- tindale.
ANYCHIA, Michx.
dichotoma, Michx. (Forked Chickweed.) SCLERANTHUS, L.
annuus, L. (Knawel.) In almost pure sand, near Point Pleasant.)
MOLLUGO, L. verticillata, L. (Carpet Weed.)
9
FLORA OF BUCKS COUNTY.
PORTULACACEÆE.
PORTULACA, Tourn. oleracea, L. (Common Purslane.) CLAYTONIA, L. Virginica, L. (Spring Beauty.) MALVACEÆE.
MALVA, L. rotundifolia, L. (Common Mallow.) sylvestris, L. (High Mallow.) SIDA, L. spinosa, L. Along the whole river bor- der. ABUTILON, Tourn. Avicennae, Gaertn. (Velvet Leaf.) HIBISCUS, L.
Moscheutos, L. (Swamp Rose Mallow.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale. Trionum, L. (Bladder Ketmia.) Syriacus, L. (Shrubby Althæa. ) Escaped in lower end.
TILIACEÆ.
TILIA, L. Americana, L. (Basswood.) LINACEÆ.
LINUM, L.
Virginianum, L. (Wild Flax.)
usitatissimum, L. (Common Flax.) Spontaneous in many places. GERANIACEÆ.
GERANIUM, L.
maculatum, L. (Wild Cranesbill.) Carolinianum, L. (Carolina Cran esbi.) Columbinum, L. (Long-stalked Cranes- bill.) Fields in Tinicum, near Red Hill covering a space of several acres. The only other localities in the United States according to Gray are Lancas- ter county, Pennsylvania, T. C. Por- ter, and Alexandria, Virginia, H. H. Curtiss.
Robertianura, L. (Herb Robert.) Along Delaware to Point Pleasant, and along lower Tohickon.
FLERKEA, Willd.
proserpinacoides, Willd. (False Mer- maid.) Tohickon, near Bedminster- ville ; Bensalem, I. C. Martindale. IMPATIENS, L. pallida, Nutt. (Pale Touch-me-not.) fulva, Nutt. (Spotted Touch-me-not.) OXALIS, L. violacea, L. (Violet Wood Sorrel.) Not common. stricta, L. (Yellow Wood Sorrel.) RUTACEAE.
ZANTHOXYLUM, Colden. Americanum, Mill. (Prickly Ash.) Abundant in Trap rock region. A2
RHUS, L. ANACARDIACEÆ.
typhina, L. (Stag-horn Sumach.) River hills and Haycock mountain.
glabra, L. (Smooth Sumach.)
copallina, L. (Dwarf Sumach.) Not common.
venenata, D. C. (Poison Sumach.) Bogs throughout. Plant virulently poison- ous. Toxicodendron, L. (Poison Ivy.) VITACEÆ.
VITIS, Tourn. Labrusca, L. (Northern Fox Grape.) æstivalis, Michx. (Summer Grape.) cordifolia, Michx. (Winter or Frost Grape.) riparia, Michx. (Bank Frost Grape.) Nockamixon rocks, T. C. Porter.
AMPELOPSIS, Michx. quinquefolia, Michx. (Virginia Creeper.) RHAMNACEÆ.
CEANOTHUS, L. Americanus, L. (New Jersey Tea.) CELASTRACEÆ.
CELASTRUS, L.
scandens, L. (Wax-work, Climbing Bitter Sweet.) Very showy in fruit. EUONYMUS, Tourn. atropurpureus, Jacq. (Burning Bush, Waalioo.) Sparingly in upper town- ships. Americanus, L. (Strawberry Bush.) Bensalem, I. C. Martindale.
Americanus, L. var. obovatus, Torr. & Gray. Langhorne's hill, I. C. Mar- tindale.
SAPINDACEÆ.
STAPHYLEA, L. trifola, L. (Bladder Nut.) ACER, Tourn.
spicatum, Lam. (Mountain Maple.) Along Delaware to Point Pleasant, and up Tohickon to Pipersville. saccharinum, Wang. (Sugar Maple.) Common in upper districts. dasycarpum, Ehrhart. (Silver Maple.) Along the Delaware. rubrum, L. (Red Maple.) NEGUNDO, Monch. aceroides, Mænch. (Box Elder.) Along streams, lower end, I. C. Martindale.
POLYGALACEÆE.
POLYGALA, Tourn.
lutea, L. (Yellow Milkwort.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindalc. sanguinea, L. (Common Purple Milk- wort.) Nuttallii, Torr. & Gray. (Nuttall's Milkwort.) Near Bristol, I. C. Mar- tindale.
10
FLORA OF BUCKS COUNTY.
verticillata, L. (Whorled Milkwort.) ambigua. Nutt. (Ambiguous Milk- wort.)
Senega, L. (Senega Snake Root.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale; Springfield, near Fairmount ; rare.
LEGUMINOSÆE.
LUPINUS, Tourn.
perennis, L. (Wild Lupine.) Hills near Kintnerville; Wyker's island ; near Doylestown, C. A. Gross.
CROTALARIA, L.
sagittalis, L. (Rattle Box.) Not rare in sandy fields near the Delaware ; near Pipersville.
TRIFOLIUM, L.
arvense, L. (Rabbit-foot Clover.) pratense, L. (Red Clover.) repens, L. (White Clover.) agrarium, L. (Yellow or Hop Clover.) procumbens, L. (Low Hop Clover.) MELILOTUS, Tourn.
officinalis, Willd. (Yellow Melilot.) Common in waste ground around Quakertown.
alba, Lam. (White Melilot.) Waste ground around Durham furnace. MEDICAGO, L.
lupulina, L. (Black Medick.) Not rare. maculata, Willd. (Spotted Medick.)
Andalusia, probably a waif, I. C. Martindale.
ROBINIA, L.
Pseudacacia, L. (Common Locust Tree.) viscosa, Vent. (Clammy Locust Tree.) Spontaneous around dwellings.
TEPHROSIA, Pers.
Virginiana, Pers. (Goat's Rue.) Sandy soil, chiefly near the Delaware. DESMODIUM, D. C.
nudiflorum, D. C. (Naked-flowered Tick Trefoil.)
acuminatum, D. C. (Acuminate Tick Trefoil.)
rutundifolium, D. C. (Round-leaved Tick Trefoil.)
canescens, D. C. (Whitish Tick Trefoil.) Chiefly along the Delaware.
cuspidatum, Torr. & Gray, (Cuspidate Tick Trefoil.) Not rare in middle and upper townships.
Dillenii, Darlingt. (Dillenius' Tick Trefoil.) Rather frequent in rocky woods.
paniculatum, D. C. (Panicled Tick Trefoil.)
Canadense, D. C. (Canada Tick Tre- foil.) Chiefly along the Delaware. rigidum, D. C. (Rigid Tick Trefoil.) ciliare, D. C. (Ciliated Tick Trefoil.) Marylandicum, Boot. (Maryland Tick Trefoil.)
LESPEDEZA, Michx.
procumbens, Michx. (Procumbent Bush Clover.)
repens, Torr. & Gray. (Creeping Bush Clover.) Not rare in sandy soil.
violacea, Pers. (Violet Bush Clover.) violacea, Pers. var. divergens, Gray. violacea, Pers. var. sessiliflora, Gray. violacea, Pers. var. angustiflora, Gray. hirta, Ell. (Hairy Bush Clover.) capitata, Michx. (Capitate Bush Clover.) Near the large streams, chiefly in lower end.
STYLOSANTHES, Swartz.
elatior, Swartz. (Pencil Flower.) In almost pure sand, near Point Pleas- ant.
VICIA, Tourn.
Cracca, L. (Vetch.) Thickets, Plum- stead ; rare.
Caroliniana, Walt. (Carolina Vetch.) Near Point Pleasant.
Americana, Muhl. (American Vetch.) Delaware river, near Erwinna.
LATHYRUS, L.
palustris, L. (Marsh Vetchling.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale.
palustris, L. var. myrtifolius, Gray. Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale. APIOS, Boerhaave.
tuberosa, Mænch. (Ground-nut.) Not common.
PHASEOLUS, L.
diversifolius, Pers. (Kidney Bean.) An- dalusia, I. C. Martindale.
helvolus, L. (Yellowish Kidney Bean.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale. AMPHICARPAA, Ell. monoica, Nutt. (Hog Peanut.)
BAPTISIA, Vent.
tinctoria, R. Br. (Wild Indigo.) CERCIS, L.
Canadensis, L. (Red-bud, Judas Tree.) Sparingly throughout, particularly abundant in the vicinity of Ridge valley. The hillsides in May pre- senting the appearance of vast peach orchards.
CASSIA, L.
Marilandica, L. (Wild Senna.)
Chamæcrista, L. (Partridge Pea.) Along the Delaware chiefly. nictitans, L. (Wild Sensitive Plant.) GLEDITSCHIA, L.
tricanthos, L. (Honey Locust.) Spon- taneous especially along the Dela- ware.
ROSACEÆ.
PRUNUS, Tourn.
Americana, Marshall. (Wild Plum.) pumila, L. (Dwarf Cherry.) Islands of Delaware, from Kintnerville to Point Pleasant.
11
FLORA OF BUCKS COUNTY.
Virginiana, L. (Choke Cherry.) Com- mon in upper districts.
serotina, Ehrhart. (Wild Cherry.) SPIREA, L.
opulifolia, L. (Nine Bark.)
salicifolia, L. (Common Meadow Sweet.) tomentosa, L. (Hardhack.) Nockamix- on rocks, T. C. Porter ; near Bristol, I. C. Martindale.
lobata, Murr. (Queen of the Prairie.) Firmly established in meadows near Steinsburg. I think, however, it has escaped from cultivation.
GILLENIA, Mænch.
trifoliata, Mænch. (Indian Physic.) Sparingly throughout upper districts. POTERIUM, L.
Canadense, Gray. (Canadian Burnet.) In deep bogs in upper districts.
AGRIMONIA, Tourn.
Eupatoria, L. (Common Agrimony.) parviflora, Ait. (Small-flowered Agri- mony. GEUM, L.
album, Gmelin. (White Avens.)
Virginianum, L. (Virginia Avens.) strictum, Ait. (Erect Avens.) Bogs near Quakertown.
WALDSTEINIA, Willd.
fragarioides, Tratt. (Barren Strawber- ry.) In damp hilly woods along To- hickon, near Long's mill.
POTENTILLA, L.
Norvegia, L. (Norwegian Cinquefoil .. ) Canadensis, L. (Common Cinquefoil, Five-finger.) arguta, Pursh. Grows on the rocks opposite Point Pleasant, but I have . not detected it on the Pennsylvania side. I have no doubt it will yet be found in similar situations on our side.
FRAGARIA, Tourn.
Virginiana, Ehrhart. (Wild Straw- berry.)
vesca, L. (Northern Strawberry-) Chiefly along the Delaware border. RUBUS, Tourn.
odoratus, L. (Purple-flowering Rasp- berry.) Common in Trap rock region and along the Delaware.
strigosus, Michx. (Wild Red Raspber- ry.) Islands of the Delaware chiefly. occidentalis, L. (Black Raspberry.) villosus, Ait. (Blackberry.) Canadensis, L. (Dewberry.) hispidus, L. (Swamp Blackberry.) Not rare in swamps throughout.
cuneifolius, Pursh. (Sand Blackberry.) Bensalem, I. C. Martindalc. ROSA, Tourn.
Carolina, L. (Swamp Rose.) lucida, Ehrhart. (Dwarf Wild Rose.) rubiginosa, L. (Sweet Brier.)
canina, L. (Dog Rose.) Nockamixon rocks, T. C. Porter ; a late addition to Gray's Manual.
CRATEGUS, L.
cordata, Ait. (Washington Thorn.) Used as a hedge plant, and now spon- taneous in many places.
Oxyacantha, L. (English Hawthorn.) Spontaneous, especially in lower dis- tricts.
coccinea, L. (Scarlet-fruited Thorn.) tomentosa, L. (Black Thorn.)
tomentosa, L. var. punctata, Gray. Not rare in middle districts ; fruit often very large.
Crus-galli, L. (Cockspur Thorn.)
parvifolia, Ait. (Dwarf Thorn.) Grav- elly hills in middle districts even to the Montgomery border ; abundant near Sellersville, C. D. Fretz.
PYRUS, L.
coronaria, L. (Crab Apple.) Sparingly throughout ; becoming rare.
arbutifolia, L. var. melanocarpa, Gray. (Chokeberry.)
AMELANCHIER, Medic.
Canadensis, Torr. & Gray. var. Botry- apium, Gray. (Shad-Bush.)
Canadensis, Torr. & Gray. var. oblongi- folia, Gray. SAXIFRAGACEÆ.
RIBES, L.
rotundifolium, Michx. (Round-leaved Gooseberry.) Nockamixon rocks ; Haycock mountain ; abundant.
floridum, L. (Wild Black Currant.)
rubrum, L. (Red Currant.) Escaped in many places.
HYDRANGEA, Gronov.
arborescens, L. (Wild Hydrangea.) River hills, and along the larger streams in upper districts.
SAXIFRAGA, L.
Virginiensis, Michx. (Early Saxifrage.) Pennsylvanica, L. (Swamp Saxifrage.) Frequent in wet meadows throughout. HEUCHERA, L.
Americana, L. (Alum Root.) Common throughout.
MITELLA, Tourn.
diphylla, L. (Bishop's Cap.) Frequent in damp mossy woods in upper town- ships.
CHRYSOSPLENIUM, Tourn. Americanum, Schweinitz. (Golden Saxi- frage.)
CRASSULACELE.
PENTHORUM, Gronov. sedoides, L. (Stone Crop.) SEDUM, Tourn.
acre, L. (Mossy Stone Crop.) Escaped along roadsides in upper river dis- tricts.
12
FLORA OF BUCKS COUNTY.
ternatum, Michx. (Whorled Stone Crop.) East side of Buckingham mountain, I. C. Martindale.
Telephium, L. ¡ Live-for-ever.) Perfect- ly established in many places.
Rhodiola, D. C. ( Roseroot.) Discovered at the Nockamixon rocks, by Doctors Green and T. C. Porter, in May, 1867. A relic, according to Porter, of the glacial epoch. It is very abundant there, and in May completely em- purples the face of the cliffs. Found elsewhere only in northern Maine, within the limits of the eastern United States.
HAMAMELACEAE.
HAMAMELIS, L. Virginica, L. (Witch Hazel.)
LIQUIDAMBAR, L.
Styraciflua, L. (Sweet Gum.) Along the lower river border, I. C. Martin- dale.
HALORAGEÆE.
MYRIOPHYLLUM, Vaill.
heterophyllum, Michx. (Water Milfoil.) Boggy streams in Trap rock region near Applebachsville.
PROSERPINACA, L.
palustris, L. (Mermaid Weed.) Spar- ingly in bogs throughout.
ONAGRACEÆ.
CIRCEA, Tourn.
Lutetiana, L. (Enchanter's Niglit- slade.)
GAURA, L.
biennis, L. Upper and middle districts near the Delaware.
EPILOBIUM, L.
augustifolium, L. (Great Willow Herb.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale ; Sel- lersville, C. D. Fretz.
palustre, L. var. lineare, Gray. (Marsh Willow Herb.) Deep bogs in Milford and Springfield townships.
coloratum, Muhl. (Common Willow Herb.) EENOTHERA, L.
biennis, L. (Common Evening Prim- rose.)
fruiticosa, L. (Sundrops.)
pumila, L. (Dwarf Evening Primrose.) Quite common in middle and upper districts ; lower end, I. C. Martindale. LUDWIGIA, L.
alternifolia, L. (Seed Box.)
sphærocarpa, Ell. (Spherical-podded False Loosestrife.) Near Bristol, Mr. Diffenbaugh.
palustris, Ell. (Water Purslane.)
MELASTOMACEÆ.
RHEXIA, L.
VIRGINICA, L. (Meadow Beauty.) Lower end, I. C. Martindale; near Quakertown in bogs.
Mariana, L. (Round-stemmed Meadow Beauty.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martin- dale. LYTHRACEÆ.
LYTHRUM, L.
Hyssopifolia, L. (Abundant in ditches near Grier's corner in Plumstead, extending thence to the north branch of the Neshaminy a distance of more than a mile.
CUPHEA, Jacq.
viscosissima, Jacq. (Clammy Cuphea.) Only in middle and lower townships.
CUCURBITACEÆ.
SICYOS, L.
angulatus, L. (Wild Cucumber.) Along the Delaware chiefly.
ECHINOCYSTIS, Torr. & Gray.
lobata, Torr. & Gray. (Wild Balsam Apple.) Bedminster, near Pipers- ville ; very rare.
UMBELLIFERA.
HYDROCOTYLE, Tourn.
Americana, L. (Water Pennywort.)
umbellata, L. (Umbelled Pennywort.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale.
SANICULA, Tourn. Canadensis, L. (Canada Sanicle.)
Marylandica, L. (Maryland Sanicle.) ERYNGIUM, Tourn.
Virginianum, Lam. (Button Snake- root.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale ; scarce.
DAUCUS, Tourn. Carota, L. (Common Carrot.)
HERACLEUM, L.
lanatum, Michx. (Cow Parsnip.) Anda- lusia, I. C. Martindale.
PASTINACA, Tourn.
sativa, L. (Common Parsnip.) Thor- oughly naturalized.
ARCHANGELICA, Hoffm.
hirsuta, Torr. & Gray. (Hairy Angeli- ca.) atropurpurea, Hoffm. (Great Angelica.) Common in upper districts.)
THASPIUM, Nutt.
barbinode, Nutt. (Bearded Meadow Parsnip.) Along the Delaware.
aureum, Nutt. (Golden Meadow Pars- nip.)
trifoliatum, Gray. (Trifoliate Meadow Parsnip.)
trifoliatum, Gray, var. atropurpureum, Torr. & Gray. trifoliatum, Gray. var. apterum, Gray.
13
FLORA OF BUCKS COUNTY.
ZIZIA, D. C.
integerrima, D. C. (Zizia.) Abundant on hillsides of red shale in middle and upper districts.
BUBLEURUM, Tourn.
rotundifolium, L. (Thorough Wax.) Bensalem, I. C. Martindale.
CICUTA, L.
maculata, L. (Spotted Cowbane, Water Hemlock.)
bulbifera, L. (Bulb-bearing Water Hemlock.) Deep bogs in upper dis- triets ; Andalusia, rare, I. C. Martin- dale. SIUM, L. lineare, Michx. (Water Parsnip.) CRYPTOTÆNIA, D. C.
Canadensis, D. C. (Honewort.)
CHÆROPHYLLUM, L.
procumbens, Lam. (Chervil.) Frequent along the river front from Smithtown southward.
OSMORRHIZA, Raf.
longistylis, D. C. (Smoother Sweet Cicely.) Most common in upper dis- triets.
brevistylis, D. C. (Hairy Sweet Cicely.) Most common in lower districts.
CONIUM, L.
maculatum, L. (Poison Hemlock.) Abundantly naturalized in the vi- cinity of Lumberville, and up the river toward Point Pleasant.
ARALIACEA.
ARALIA, Tourn.
spinosa, L. (Hercules' Club.) Escaped at Andalusia, I. C. Martindale.
racemosa, L. (Spikenard.) Frequent in rocky hills in middle and upper dis- triets.
nudicaulis, L. (Wild Sarsaparilla.) quinquefolia, Gray. (Ginseng.) Spar- ingly in upper townships ; abundant at the Nockamixon rocks.
trifolia, Gray. (Dwarf Ginseng.) CORNACEÆ.
CORNUS, Tourn. florida, L. (Dogwood.)
cireinata, L' Her. (Round-leaved Cor- nel.) Frequent in upper districts. sericia, L. (Silky Cornel, Kinnikin- nik.) paniculata, L'Her. (Panicled Cornel.) alternifolia, L. (Alternate-leaved Cor- nel.) Frequent in middle and upper districts. NYSSA, L. multiflora, Walt. (Sour Gum.) CAPRIFOLIACEÆE.
SYMPHORICARPUS, Dill.
racemosus, Michx. (Snowberry.) Es- caped, lower end, I. C. Martindale.
vulgaris, Michx. (Indian Currant.) Escaped and apparently perfectly established near Smithtown on the Delaware.
LONICERA, L.
sempervirens, Ait. (Trumpet Honey- suckle.) Bensalem, I. C. Martindale. parviflora, Lam. (Small Honeysuckle.) Frequent in upper and middle dis- triets.
DIERVILLA, Tourn.
trifida, Mænch. (Bush Honeysuckle.) Frequent in middle and upper dis- triets.
TRIOSTEUM, L.
perfoliatum, L. (Horse Gentian.)
angustifolium, L. (Narrow-leaved Horse Gentian.) Deep run near Pipersville, probably the most northeastern habi- tat of this plant.
SAMBUCUS, Tourn.
Canadensis, L. (Common Elder.) pubens, Michx. (Red-berried Elder.) Delaware river, from northern limit to Lumberville.
VIBURNUM, L.
Lentago, L. (Sweet Viburnum.) Spar- ingly in the upper townships. prunifolium, L. (Black Haw, Sheep- berry.)
dentatum, L. (Arrow-wood.) Rather frequent throughout.
(?) pucescens, Pursh. (Downy Arrow- wood.) Trap rock region.
acerifolium, L. (Maple-leaved Arrow- wood.)
RUBIACEÆ.
GALIUM, L.
Aparine, L. (Bedstraw.)
asprellum, Michx. (Rough Bedstraw.) coneinnum, Torr. & Gray. Bensalem, I. C. Martindale.
trifidum, L. (Small Bedstraw.)
triflorum, Michx. (Sweet-scented Bed- straw.)
pilosum, Ait. (Hairy Bedstraw.) circazans, Michr. (Wild Liquorice.) lanceolatum, Torr. (Lanceolate Wild Liquorice.) Woods of Trap rock region.
boreale, L. (Northern Bedstraw.) Fre- quent in middle and upper dis- tricts.
DIODIA, L. teres, Walt. (Sandy shores of the Dela- ware, from Point Pleasant south- ward.
CEPHALANTHUS, L. occidentalis, L. (Button Bush.) MITCHELLA, L. repens, L. (Partridge Berry.)
HOUSTONIA, L. cærulea, L. (Bluets.)
14
FLORA OF BUCKS COUNTY.
VALERIANACEA.
FEDIA, Gærtn.
olitoria, Vahl. (Corn Salad.) Frequent in middle and upper districts.
radiata, Michx. (Rayed Corn Salad.) Not common.
DIPSACEÆ.
DIPSACUS, Tourn. sylvestris, Mill. (Wild Teasel.)
COMPOSITE.
VERNONIA, Schreb.
Noveboracensis, Willd. (Iron Weed.) LIATRIS, Schreb.
spicata, Willd. (Button Snakeroot.) Rather frequent throughout.
EUPATORIUM, Tourn.
purpureum, L. (Joe-Pye Weed.)
teucrifolium, Willd. (Teucrium-leaved Thoroughwort.) Near Bristol, I. C. Martindale ; bogs in Springfield.
sessilifolium, L. (Upland Boneset.) Sparingly in middle and lower dis- tricts.
perfoliatum, L. (Boneset.)
ageratoides, L. (White Snakeroot.) PETASITES, Tourn.
vulgaris, L. (Butter Bur.) Thoroughly naturalized in many places in upper end; especially abundant along Three Mile run, near Perkasie. It should by all means be included in Gray's Manual.
MIKANIA, Willd.
scandens, L. (Climbing Hempweed.) Not rare in moist thickets in upper end; near Bristol, I. C. Martindale. CONOCLINIUM, D. C.
cœlestinum, D: C. (Mist Flower.) Es- caped, lower end, I. C. Martindale. SERICOCARPUS, Nees.
conyzoides, Nees. (White-topped Aster.) ASTER, L.
corymbosus, Ait. (Corymbed Aster.) macrophyllus, L. (Large-leaved Aster.) Frequent in upper, sparingly in mid- dle districts.
patens, Ait. (Spreading Aster.) Îævis, L. (Smooth Aster.) Rather fre- quent throughout. undulatus, L. (Wavy Aster.)
cordifolius, L. (Cordate-leaved Aster.) sagittifolius, Willd. (Arrow-leaved As- ter.) Frequent in Bedminster, Hay- cock, and Springfield. ericoides, L. (Heath-like Aster.) dumosus, L. (Thicket-loving Aster.) Thickets along Deep run. Tradescanti, L. (Tradescant's Aster.) Along lower Tohickon especially. miser, L., Ait. (Wretched Aster.) simplex, Willd. (Simple Aster.)
tenuifolius, L. (Slender-leaved Aster.) Thickets Deep run.
puniceus, L. (Reddish Aster.)
prenanthoides, Muhl. (Prænanthus-like Aster.) Deep run near Pipersville. Novæ-Anglia, L. (New England Aster.) Along the Delaware chiefly. ERIGERON, L.
Canadense, L. (Butter Weed.)
bellidifolium, Muhl. (Robin's Plantain.) Philadelphicum, L. (Common Flea- bane.) Along the Delaware chiefly. annuum, Pers. (Daisy Fleabane.)
strigosum, Muhl. (Meagre Daisy Flea- bane.)
DIPLOPAPPUS, Cass.
linariifolius, Hook. (Linear-leaved
Double-bristled Aster.) Tohickon near Pipersville ; Dry hills, near Zion Hill.
umbellatus, Torr. & Gray. (Umbelled Double-bristled Aster.) Frequent in middle, common in upper districts. cornifolius, Darl. (Cornel-leaved Doub- le-bristled Aster.) Deep run near Pipersville; near Bristol, I. C. Mar- tindale.
SOLIDAGO, L.
squarrosa, Muhl. (Squarrose Golden Rod.) Hills near Point Pleasant. bicolor, L. (Two-colored Golden Rod.) latifolia, L. (Broad-leaved Golden Rod.) Along the lower Tohickon.
cæsia, L. (Bluish-gray Golden Rod.) rigida, L. (Rigid Golden Rod.) Near Pipersville; near Sellersville, C. D. Fretz.
patula, Muhl. (Open Golden Rod.) Swamp in Springfield, near northern border.
Muhlenbergii, Torr. & Gray. (Muhlen- berger's Golden Rod.) Not rare in upper districts on rich hillsides.
arguta, Ait. (Graceful Golden Rod;) Along the Delaware chiefly.
arguta. var. juncea, Gray. Near Sellers- ville, C. D. Fretz.
altissima, L. (Tallest Golden Rod.) The specific name is a misnomer. It is not the tallest.
ulmifolia, Muhl. (Elm-leaved Golden Rod.)
odora, Ait. (Sweet Golden Rod.) An- dalusia, I. C. Martindale.
nemoralis, Ait. (Old-field Golden Rod.) Canadensis, L. (Canada Golden Rod.) Canadensis, L. var. procera, Gray.
Canadensis, L. var. scabra, Gray. Near Sellersville, C. D. Fretz. serotina, Ait. (Late Golden Rod.) gigantea, Ait. (Giant Golden Rod.) lanceolata, L. (Lanceolate Golden Rod.) INULA, L. Helenium, L. (Elecampane.)
15
FLORA OF BUCKS COUNTY.
AMBROSIA, Tourn.
trifida, L. (Great Ragweed.) artimisiæfolia, L. (Common Ragweed.) XANTHIUM, Tourn. strumarium, L. (Cockle Bur.)
spinosum, L. (Spring Clotbur.) Oppo- site Trenton ; near Bristol, I. C. Mar- tindale.
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