USA > Pennsylvania > The provincial councillors of Pennsylvania : who held office between 1733-1776, and those earlier councillors who were some time chief magistrates of the province and their descendants > Part 31
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The Rev. George Whitefield, a presbyter of the Church of England, who came to Philadelphia in 1739 on his way to his Orphanage in Georgia, and, travelling up and down the Colonies in the work of re- ligious revival, visited it several times in the following year, preaching to crowds that sometimes numbered more than the total population of the city, tells us in his diary : "Sunday, Nov. 25 [1740] was some- what alarmed this morning by one [elsewhere called "a young gentle- man, once a minister of the Church of England but now Secretary to Mr. Penn "] who, after my sermon told the congregation in the church with a loud voice 'That there was no such term as imputed righteous- ness in Holy Scripture ; that such a doctrine put a stop to all goodness ; and that we were to be judged for our good works and obedience, and were commanded to do and live.' When he had ended I denied his first proposition, and brought a text to prove that 'imputed righteous- ness' was a scriptural expression; but thinking the church an im- proper place for disputation, I said no more at the time. In the af- ternoon, however, I discoursed upon the words 'The Lord our Righteousness.'" Doubtless there were other attacks upon White-
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field's Methodistical or Evangelical teachings which caused Gov. Thomas to say a year later, "The stand made by Mr. Peters against Mr. Whitefield was of great service to the Church & the government both which his schemes seemed to have been levelled against and that on this account as well as his other good qualities I think him the fittest person to succeed Mr. Cummings."
The death of Mr. Cummings, Apr. 23, 1741, gave Peters's friends an opportunity to press his name for the rectorship of Christ Church ; and Thomas Penn expressed these sentiments in this connection in a let- ter to Ferdinand John Paris: "It would have been a great satisfac- tion to me to have left him in the execution of the trust I have for near four years reposed in him, as he has always discharged it with great faithfulness and his understanding & temper render him very fit for such an office where he must transact business with a great num- ber of ignorant people closely tied to their own interests. * I must say that although I am no member of your church yet as I sin- cerely desire that all religious societies may live in peace & good neighborhood I believe I shall have a satisfaction in the change as I am firmly persuaded Mr. Peters's temper will incline him to promote Christian charity between the several societies and therefore I heartily wish he may be appointed to the church and request your assisting the Gentlemen of the vestry or Mr. Peters with your interest with the Bishop of London." Peters himself objected, being satisfied with his present business, notwithstanding he had lost in relinquishing the work of the ministry a satisfaction and pleasure greater than any other he had ever enjoyed ; and he pointed out that "on Account of the Dis- tractions many in our Congregation as well as others were put into by Mr. Whitefield & his Followers it would require the nicest skill and the utmost Prudence to preserve the Members of the Church steady to its Worship & Support," that people's minds were soured against him on account of his opposition to Whitefield, and moreover, and the statement of this did credit to Peters, that his enemies had joined " the Whitefieldians in crying me down as a Frequenter of Taverns, Coffee- houses, Balls, Courts, & Assemblies ; that I had frequently gone (and in my present circumstances I thought I might without any Imputa- tion on my Character) to these places and therefore people would on this account not think so well of me."
On further argument, he consented to the Vestry recommending him to the Bishop of London for a license, and a petition for that purpose was signed by many of the influential Episcopalians of the City. In
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it they declared that at the time of his quarrel with the late clergy- man several persons subscribed large sums for the building of a new church and a handsome annual provision for Mr. Peters, but he him- self dissuaded them from it, and finally prevailed upon them all to return to a constant attendance, and to give their Minister his usual support. The older vestrymen, however, still held out against Peters ; and, in the interests of peace, the neighboring clergy protested against such an appointment. So the petition failed in its object. Bp. Perry (in whose Historical Collections are the letters above quoted) points out that the opposition to Peters was really from jealousy of Proprie- . tary interference, and a laudable desire to preserve ecclesiastical inde- pendence; and in fact when, a few years later, Rev. Robert Jenney addressed the vestry on the choice of a successor, he dwelt upon the liberty they had long enjoyed, and the great disadvantage of having the position filled by any one who should be bound by former employ- ment to any great man, and might be expected to make the office serve a political interest. Watson tells us, as to the feelings of the petition- ers, that in 1741 the Churchmen of Philadelphia manifested some dis- affection at the alleged supremacy of the Bishop of London, saying that as the Bishop declined to license Mr. Peters after they had chosen him (alleging as a reason his living by his lay functions), they would not accept any person whom he might license, claiming that his diocese did not extend to this Province, and Mr. Peters himself alleging that a right of presentation lay in the Proprietaries and Governor. That they came to a better frame of mind was probably due to the policy of the prelate in not filling the vacancy immediately and to the satisfac- tion given by young Mr. Ross, who devotedly served the congregation in the interim, but it may argue something for the conscientiousness of Richard Peters : for there were turbulent spirits who would have carried things even as far as a breach of the peace, and he would have found it a sin of easy commission to make the Church in Pennsyl- vania " a house divided against itself." Instead of this, he became a useful member of the vestry during the incumbency of Dr. Jenney, and gave liberally to parochial objects. He was then also Secretary of the Province and Clerk to the Council, having been appointed Febru- ary 14, 1742-3. Westcott (Historic Mansions of Philadelphia) says that in 1743 Franklin drew up a proposal for the establishment of a charity school, and supposed that the Rev. Richard Peters would be willing to superintend such an institution, but the latter declined. When the school was finally started, he became one of the trustees : it
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afterwards undertook to provide a higher education, and, under the title of " The College, Academy, and Charitable School of Philadel- phia," was the nucleus of the University of Pennsylvania. Peters became President of the Trustees in 1756. Peters was also an incor- porator of the Philadelphia Library, and one of the original managers of the Pennsylvania Hospital.
He was sufficiently secularized to engage in trade for a few years, and was a subscriber to the Dancing Assembly of 1749.
On the 19th of May, 1749, Gov. James Hamilton announced to the Council that he had received a letter from the Proprietaries directing that Mr. Peters be made a member, and, every one expressing his satisfaction at the appointment, he was called in and took the oaths. During the period of his service, even after his return to the pulpit, he went on many important missions to the Indians, and participated as one of the four representatives of Pennsylvania in the Congress at Albany in 1754, when the Six Nations made a deed for the South- western quarter of the state.
In the beginning of 1762 he resigned his Secretaryships. He was now quite a rich man : and on June 8, 1762 consented to officiate at Christ Church and St. Peter's during the absence of Mr. Duché, who was sent to England for priest's orders. Dr. Jenney had breathed his last, and the Rectorship was vacant, as had been constantly expected for fourteen years, owing to Dr. Jenney's paralysis. Peters served without pay until the return of Mr. Duché, and was elected Rector of the United Churches on December 6th of that year. The Bishop of London by letter dated May 24, 1763 approved of the choice; but required him to observe the form of going to England for a regular license. This he did in the following year. He declined any salary until the debt for building St. Peter's had been paid. He continued Rector until the Revolution, resigning Sep. 23, 1775.
As to his churchmanship, we have seen that he was not a "low churchman " in the sense that George Whitefield was ; but in reference to any particular canonicity, authority, or mission of the Church of England, his views were decidedly " broad." In 1769, he assisted in the dedication of the Zion Lutheran Church, Fourth St. above Arch, preaching a sermon, which has been printed, and in which he says, " Your invitation to the Ministers and Members of the Episcopal Church * fills us with a high sense of your brotherly love to us in Christ Jesus. It reminds us of the love and tender affection which subsisted between the first Christian Churches, and which
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makes so large and delightful a part of the Apostolic Epistles recorded in Scripture. All those numerous congregations which in divers and distant parts and under various forms of Divine worship were brought together by the Apostles and first Preachers of the Gospel had nothing afflictive or joyous in their Affairs but what they were all alike sharers in. And is it not much to be lamented that this same affec- tionate intercourse does not prevail now ? * We heartily wish this union of hearts, this communion of affectionate intercourse, was general among Protestant Churches. * May the good God bless this disinterested friendly union ! and may we all use our own earnest endeavors to inspire the same zeal into our children, that we may for- ever continue in the sincere Love of one another, and in an open un- disguised participation of worship and instruction." He, more- over, modified his views as to the Quakers after reading Barclay's Apology, returning the book to Anthony Benezet with these lines :
"Long had I censur'd with contemptuous rage,
" And curs'd your tenets with the foolish age ;
"Thought nothing could appear in your defence,
" Till Barclay shone with all the rays of sense ;
"His works at least shall make me moderate prove,
" And those who practice what he teaches, love."
He continued a member of the Provincial Council during the entire period of his rectorship, and was obliged to ask Provost Smith to take charge of the church, when, at the request of his colleagues in the Coun- cil, he left the City to assist at the Indian Treaty at Fort Stanwix.
He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity.
He died July 10, 1776, and was bu. in front of the chancel of Christ Church. By Miss Stanley he had an only child, Grace, who d. in infancy.
Q
BENJAMIN SHOEMAKER.
The grandmother of Benjamin Shoemaker, described as "Sarah Schumacher of the Palatinate widow," arrived in Philadelphia 1 mo. 20, 1686, in the Jeffries, Thomas Arnold, Mr., from London, with seven chil- dren, of whom the fourth in age was Isaac, then 17 years old. Isaac became a tanner, and resided in Germantown. He m. Sarah Hen- dricks (b. at Krisheim in the Palatinate 10, 2, 1678, and d. June 15, 1742), dau. of Gerhard Hendricks, owner of 200 acres of the German township, who emigrated thither in 1685. Isaac and Sarah Schu- macher were the parents of the Councillor, who, therefore, was a repre- sentative-and the only representative in the Council-of that Conti- nental race which-the first emigrants Quakers, the next Lutherans or Moravians-has predominated in so large a section of our state.
BENJAMIN SHOEMAKER was born at Germantown Aug. 3, 1704, but forsook the retirement of that little settlement and of a people which in Colonial times kept aloof from public affairs, and went into the City to become a merchant, advertising, Mch., 1729, for sale "in High Street opposite the Presbyterian Meeting-House good Linseed Oyl by the barrel or smaller quantity." He was admitted a freeman of the City on the day of his qualifying as a Common Councilman, Oct. 14, 1732, and, ten years later, became an Alderman, and in 1743, Mayor. At the end of his Mayoralty, Philadelphia contained, according to an address to the King, at least 1500 houses and 13,000 inhabitants, and above 300 vessels belonging to his Majesty's dominions in the course of a year arrived at its wharves. From 1751 until his death, Shoe- maker was Treasurer of the City, having succeeded Hasell the Coun- cillor. He was Mayor a second and third time, in 1752 and 1760, the last term receiving a salary of 100l. Prior to this except during a short period, there had been no remuneration for the Mayor, whereas he was expected to spend about 100l. in a grand dinner on leaving office. To the Treasurer was paid 5 per cent. of the receipts and dis- bursements, amounting, however, with the small treasury, to scarcely 40l. a year. Shoemaker was invited to a seat in the Provincial Coun-
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cil at the same time as James Hamilton. Shoemaker was appointed as a Quaker, and remained such throughout his life. It was a principle with the Governors who preceded John Penn to keep a fair number of Quakers, if not as many as there were Churchmen, at the board, although those appointed were scarcely representative men of the sect, but such as were friendly to the Proprietary, and were not likely to obstruct military measures. Shoemaker considered nearly two months whether or not to accept the seat, and at last qualified, Feb. 4, 1745-6. He was an active member until after the French War. He attended the meetings very seldom during the contest between John Penn and the Assembly, and when present gave no opinion on the subject. Penn complained that he had shown no disapprobation of the effort to change the form of government from Proprietary to Royal; and he had the independence to refuse to put his name to a letter condemna- . tory of the Assembly to be sent to the Proprietary family. For this reason, instead of his want of legal training,-for laymen were generally appointed,-John Penn, in 1764, declined making him a Judge of the Supreme Court. At the election of that year, Shoe- maker voted the anti-Proprietary ticket for Members of Assembly. Benjamin Shoemaker d. about June 25, 1767, bu. Friends' ground. He m., 1st, June 18, 1724 Sarah Coates, b. 1705, d. June 8, 1738, dau. of Thomas Coates of Phila., who was b. at Sproxton in Leicester- shire, Eng., 9, 26, 1659, was son of Henry and Elizabeth Coates, and m. 7, 25, 1696 Beulah, dau. of Thomas and Beulah Jacques of England, and emigrated to Phila. in 1684, and d. 7, 22, 1719. Samuel Coates, brother of Mrs. Shoemaker, m. Mary Langdale. Sarah, 1st w. of Benj. Shoemaker, was bu. in Friends' ground 4, 10, 1738. Benjamin Shoe- maker, the Councillor, m., 2nd, F. M. 7, 6, 1739 Elizabeth Morris, dau. of Anthony Morris of Phila. She survived him.
Issue by 1st wife :
SAMUEL, b. about 1725, m., 1st, Hannah Carpenter, and, 2nd, Rebecca Rawle, see p. 244,
SARAH, b. Apr. 3, 1729, m. Edward Penington, see p. 251, HANNAH, d. unm.,
BEULAH, m. Samuel Burge, see p. 255,
Issue by 2nd wife :
ANTHONY, m. Penelope Rodman, see p. 263,
CHARLES, bu. Friends' ground 9, 29, 1752,
JOSEPH, see p. 264,
WILLIAM, m. Martha Brown, see p. 264,
+
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Shoemaker.
CHARLES, m. Margaret Minnick, see p. 264,
JAMES, of Reading, gent., in 1793 was a clerk in U. S. Comp- troller's office at Phila., d. s. p., will dated Apr. 24, 1829, probat. Dec. 28, 1831, leaving all to niece Elizabeth Light- foot,
MARY, m., 1st, - - Scull, and, 2nd, Daniel Levan, but d. s. p., will dated Dec. 4, 1815, probat. Apr. 30, 1816, leaving to brother James Shoemaker and sister Elizabeth Lightfoot and sons and daughters of late brother Charles,
PHOEBE, d. unm.,
ELIZABETH, m. - - Lightfoot, Issue (surname LIGHTFOOT) :
ELIZABETH, of Reading, d. unm., will dated Mch. 8, 1832, probat. Dec. 30, 1835.
SAMUEL SHOEMAKER, b. about 1725, son of the Councillor, was a merchant in Philadelphia, in 1755 was elected a Common Councilman of the City, and at the death of his father succeeded him as Treasurer. He was Mayor two years, 1769-1771, and served two terms, 1771- 1773, in the Asssembly. He was also a Justice for the County from 1761 until the Revolution. He was an active and successful business man, being an attorney for the Pennsylvania Land Co. of London, and a Director of the Philadelphia Contributionship. He was also a mem- ber of the American Philosophical Society.
Like most of the Quakers, he disapproved of the Revolutionary War, not only from peace principles, but from a desire to remain un- der the King's government. On the landing of the British at the head of Chesapeake Bay for the attack of Philadelphia, Congress re- commended the arrest of certain Quakers and all persons inimical to the cause of America, and the Supreme Executive Council of Penn- sylvania, in pursuance of this recommendation, ordered Samuel Shoe- maker with the others to be seized and imprisoned in the Freemasons' Lodge or other convenient place, unless they should stipulate in writ- ing to remain at their homes ready to appear on demand of the Coun- cil, and refrain from doing anything injurious to the United States by speaking, writing, or otherwise, and from giving intelligence to the enemy. Shoemaker appears to have made the promise required, and thus escaped banishment to Virginia.
On Sep. 26, 1777, less than a month after the arrest of the Quakers, the British army, victors at Brandywine, entered Philadelphia. In
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Shoemaker.
December, a Superintendent of Police was appointed, and the civil government committed to him and two Justices of the Peace. Shoe- maker was one of the Justices. While holding this position, he was punished by the Assembly of the State with confiscation of his prop- erty, the bill of attainder against Galloway and others, passed March 6, 1778, imposing that penalty upon him, unless he should surrender himself by the following 20th of April, and stand trial for high treason, which, of course, it was impossible for him to do. The British continued in Philadelphia until June, 1778, when Shoemaker, accompanying the army, went to New York. The agents of forfeited estates then put up his property for sale ; and some of it went into the possession of the University of Pennsylvania, which the Revolutionary government had endowed with Tory real estate. Sabine's American Loyalists says that at New York, where Shoemaker remained until after the Treaty of Peace, he exerted himself in behalf of the im- prisoned Whigs, and had many of them sent home. On November 19, 1783, a few days before the British evacuated New York, he left America, taking with him his young son Edward, and residing in England until the animosities of the War had sufficiently subsided. An extract from his diary giving an account of his introduction to the King and Royal family in West's studio at Windsor Castle is pub- lished in Penna. Mag., Vol. II, p. 35. In London, he was fre- quently consulted by the government upon the claims of Loyalists to compensation for alleged losses. Such parts of his estate as had not been previously sold by the agents of Pennsylvania were protected to him by the Treaty of Peace of 1783. He returned to America in the Spring of 1786, and for some time lived at Burlington. He d. Phila. Oct. 10, 1800. He m., 1st, 2 mo. 8, 1746 Hannah, dau. of Samuel Carpenter, the second of that name, by his w. Hannah, dau. of Samuel Preston the Councillor (see Preston). She d. about 5, 1, 1766, bu. Friends' ground. Shoemaker m., 2nd, 11 mo. 10, 1767 Rebecca, widow of Francis Rawle of Phila., and dau. of Edward Warner by his w. Anna Coleman. She d. Dec. 21, 1819. By her 1st husband she was mother of Margaret Rawle who m. Isaac Wharton, of Anna Rawle who m. John Clifford, and of William Rawle who m. Samuel Shoemaker's niece Sarah Coates Burge (see infra).
Issue by 1st wife :
BENJAMIN, b. Jany. 9, 1746-7, m. Elizabeth Warner, see next page, SAMUEL, b. Oct. 6, 1748, d. Jany. 8, 1748-9, SAMUEL, b. Sep. 28, 1749, d. July 13, 1750,
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Shoemaker.
SARAH, b. May 27, 1751, d. unm. July 11, 1776,
ISAAC, b. Apr. 14, 1752, d. A.pr. 25, 1752,
HANNAH, b. Mch. 21, 1754, d. unm. bu. F. M. 1, 13, 1779,
RACHEL, b. Jany. 5, 1756, d. Nov. 25, 1756,
MARY, b. July 15, 1757, d. unm. bu. F. M. 3, 27, 1780, SAMUEL, b. Mch. 4, 1759, d. s. p.,
ISAAC, b. - 16, 1760, d. Jany. 31, 1763,
RACHEL, b. May -, 1763, d. 1767,
Issue by 2nd wife :
EDWARD, m. Ann Caroline Giles, see p. 248.
BENJAMIN SHOEMAKER, b. Jany. 9, 1746-7, son of Samuel and Hannah Shoemaker, as above, was of Phila., distiller, afterwards re- moving to his seat at Germantown, d. Sep. 4, 1808, m. F. M. 5, 18, 1773 Elizabeth Warner (d. before Dec. 8, 1823), sister of his father's 2nd wife.
Issue :
EDWARD WARNER, b. 7 mo. 22, 1775, d. s. p.,
ANNA, b. 3, 27, 1777, m., 1st, Robert Morris, and, 2nd, Francis Bloodgood, see below,
SAMUEL, b. 6, 14, 1778, grad. A. B. (U. of P.), of Phila., atty .- at-law, d. s. p. 11, 28, 1822, BENJAMIN, b. 9, 27, 1780, d. s. p.
ANNA SHOEMAKER, b. 3, 27, 1777, gr .- grddau. of the Councillor, d. Phila. Mch. 5, 1865, m., 1st, May 5, 1796 Robert Morris, son of Robert Morris "the Financier," and, 2nd, Nov. 3, 1823 Francis Bloodgood, some time Clerk of N. Y. Supreme Ct., and Mayor of Albany.
Issue (surname MORRIS) :
(I) ROBERT, d. y.,
(II) ELIZABETH ANNA, d. Dec. 24, 1870, m., 1st, June 7, 1821 Sylvester Malsan, and, 2nd, John Cosgrove of Albany, Issue by 1st husband (surname Malsan) :
John Francis, m. Sep. 10, 1849 Sarah Bennet Brown of Blandford, England, Issue (surname Malsan) : Francis Bloodgood, Sylvester, Henry Morris, John, Edward Shoemaker, William Benjamin,
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Shoemaker-Morris branch.
Joseph Hooker, George Waldron, Anna Bloodgood, Robert Morris,
Henry Morris, dec'd, m. Feb. 25, 1848 Sarah E. White of Whitesboro', N. Y., Issue (surname Malsan): Anna Louisa, Julia Pauline, Issue by 2nd husband (surname Cosgrove) :
Mary Elizabeth, m. Feb. 21, 1871 Joseph J. Mani- fold,
Issue (surname Manifold) : Elizabeth Anna, Catharine M., (III) MARY WHITE, d. June 14, 1838, m. Mch., 1827 Paul Hamilton Wilkins of Georgia, grad. M. D. (U. of P.),
Issue (surname Wilkins) :
Paul Hamilton, d. y. 1835, Francis Bloodgood, d. y. 1838,
(IV) ROBERT, grad. A. B. (U. of P.), member of Phila. bar, also M. D., m., 1st, May 27, 1836 his cousin Caroline, dau. of Henry Nixon by his w. Maria Morris, she d. Mch. 31, 1837, and he m., 2nd, June 1, 1854 his cousin Lucy P., dau. of Robert Morris Marshall of Fauquier Co., Va., who was son of Judge James Markham Marshall of Va. by his w. Hetty Morris,
Issue by 1st wife (surname Morris) :
Robert, served in Union Army, first going into service with the City Troop, afterwards Major of 6th Penna. Cav., d. Libby Prison Aug. 13, 1863, m. Jany. 19, 1860 Ellen M., dau. of George M. Wharton of Phila. bar,
Issue (surname Morris) : Caroline Nixon,
Marion Wharton, m. Apr. 20, 1882 Richard Norris Williams, Issue by 2nd wife (surname Morris) :
Henry, grad. M. D. (U. of P.), m. Oct. 12, 1880 Bessie T. Elliott, Issue (surname Morris) : Robert,
James Markham, d. y. Dec. 24, 1864, Anna, Susan Marshall, Lucy Marshall,
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Shoemaker-Morris branch.
(V) BENJAMIN SHOEMAKER, d. y.
EDWARD SHOEMAKER, son of Samuel and Rebecca Shoemaker, p. 246, was of Phila., merchant, d. before April 29, 1817, m. Ann Caro- line Giles of Hagerstown, Md., who d. " Bolton " June 30, 1816, bu. Bristol, Pa.
Issue :
SAMUEL, m. Sallie Falls, see below,
ANNE CAROLINE, d. 1869, m. James Tilghman, see TILGH- MAN,
HAMMOND, M. D., of Columbia, Monroe Co., Ill., m. Nancy Adams of Ill., and had issue, names not given,
CHARLES FREDERICK, of U. S. Navy, unm.,
WILLIAM RAWLE, m. Julia Hepburn, see below,
ELLEN, m. Albert Miller Lea of Tenn.,
Issue (surname LEA) :
EDWARD MILLER, of U. S. Navy, killed at Galveston, Texas,
ISAAC, d. inf.,
EDWARD, b. Aug. 20, 1797, m., 1st, Jane Falls, and, 2nd, Mary Hanson, see p. 249.
SAMUEL SHOEMAKER, son of Edward and Ann Caroline Shoe- maker, as above, now dec'd, m. Sallie Falls of Md.
Issue :
SAMUEL MOORE, of Baltimore, a Director of the Adams Ex- press Co., m. Augusta Eccleston of Md.,
Issue :
Augusta,
Sallie,
Blanche,
Ellen, Miriam,
Samuel, a son, d. s. p.
WILLIAM RAWLE SHOEMAKER, son of Edw. and Ann Caroline Shoemaker, as above, is Ordnance storekeeper, with rank of Capt. U. S. Army, at Ft. Union, New Mexico, m. Julia Hepburn of Penna., who d. 1863.
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Shoemaker.
Issue (surname SHOEMAKER) :
ANN CAROLINE, m. Judge Joab Houghton of New Mexico, Issue (surname Houghton) : Clara N., m. -- Supton of Mo.,
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