USA > Rhode Island > Bristol County > Barrington > A history of Barrington, Rhode Island > Part 32
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The universal testimony of Barrington people of the last generation was that these slaves were industrious and faith- ful servants, honest and trustworthy. They were treated with much kindness and consideration by their owners, and were appreciative of their advantages. Of the following slaves a brief record may be made.
Cuff Adams was owned by Nudigate Adams, grandson of Judge Nudigate Adams of Wickford. He lived with his master near what is now the Cleland place at Barrington Centre and was buried there.
Jack Bosworth, owned by Edward Bosworth, married
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THE HISTORY OF BARRINGTON.
Jemima Tiffany, who was sold by Hezekiah Tiffany to Sam- uel Allen. They lived with their respective masters and were buried, Jack at Prince's Hill and his wife at Prince's Pond. Their children were Richard, Lucy, and Phebe. Mr. Bosworth lived on what is now the Allen Matthewson place.
Mr. Bosworth had another slave, who married Jenny, the wife of Pomp Smith, whose mother, Moll Smith, was found dead in bed. They were buried near their master's house.
Pomp Bicknell, owned by James Bicknell, who lived near the brick yard, married Jenny Bosworth, perhaps sold from one master to the other. It is stated that they lived with their respective masters. They had two children, Ceasar and Lucy.
Cambridge Watson was a slave of the Watson family. His wife's name was Jenny. They had one child whose name was Jack.
Pomp Watson married Phillis - Doctoress Phillis - who must have come from Warren or Swansea, as she religiously attended church in the latter place, walking all the way from Barrington to be present at "feet washing," observed periodically by that church.
Daniel Tiffany, Scipio Tiffany, and Sabrina Tiffany, his wife, belonged to the Tiffany family. Scipio and Brina had one son, Scipio.
Scipio Richmond, their son, lived in the old Richmond house in Long Swamp, removed a few years since to make room for the mansion house of Albert Peck. Scipio's house, kept with great care and neatness, was a favorite resort for the white children of the neighborhood. They were wel- come guests till in their frolicsome glee some of his choice things came to grief and then they were most summarily sent away.
Bristol Allin, owned by Thomas Allin, father of General Allin, came from Africa, some say, with his wife. They had two children, Pero and Tower.
Pero Allin lived on the Allin estate near the Providence River. He bought his wife, Orpha, of Col. Sylvester Child,
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of Warren, giving his note for value received. That prov- ing worthless, his master was asked for the amount, but having no knowledge of the transaction, he refused pay- ment. Their children were, Tower, Jack, Adam, Henrietta, and Phillis.
Prince Allin's wife was Henrietta Brown. Their son was Pero, the fiddler. Pero's wife, Jenny, came from the coast of Guinea. They lived in Jenny's lane. She was a Chris- tian woman, connected with the Congregational Church in this town. They had seven children, Hannah, Clark, Rhen- kin, Stephen, Olinda, Mary and Lurane. Pero's mother, Writty (Henrietta), lived with them. His mother was " bred and born " in the old brick house, once standing under the big elm trees at the entrance to bridge lane.
Ceaser Smith was owned by Nathaniel Smith. Lill was bought by him when eight years old of Mr. Bullock, of Reho- both, for one yoke of oxen. Lill lived in the family of the late Asa Smith, not having taken her freedom papers when entitled to them by the laws of the state. She was beloved and respected by the family, kindly cared for in illness, and tenderly taken to her last resting place.
Tower, Allin married Phillis-little Phillis. They lived near the brook at Drownville and had one child, Nancy.
Nancy married Thomas Henderson. Their children were Priscilla, Frederic, and Jack, or John, Henderson, who lived at Nayatt, near the old light-house, and was with his wife and daughter deservedly respected by the people of this and the past generation.
Richard Allen and Margaretta, his wife, with their eight children, Lydia, Richard, Cæsar, Theodore, Olive, Jemima, Sarah, and Charles, were among the last families of colored people to pass away from our midst, within the memory of those now living. They long outlived the period of sla- very.
Tower Allin, slave of Matthew Allin, appeared sick, and when asked the matter, told his master that he was love-sick and wanted Massa to buy Philissa to be his wife, which Allin
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did. The two lived at Long Swamp corner, at the head of Drownville road, where Scipio Allin ( alias Freeman ?), after- wards lived.
Philissa made the wedding cake and Tower played the fiddle at the wedding of Sarah Medbury and Dr. Rodliffe, at the old Halsey house, in East Providence, formerly John Medbury's.
The value of an able bodied man-slave in Rhode Island was from twenty-five to one hundred and twenty pounds. Matthew Allin bought " a certain Negro Boy called Prince, about fourteen or fifteen years old," of John Usher, Jr., of Bristol, for three hundred and seventy pounds, current money, In the year 1752. As old tenor and real values were as six- teen to one, the market value of Prince was'about £25, or $125.
David Brown of Ashford, Conn., sold the services of "one negro man named Pero, about seventeen years of age for the space of eleven years from the second day of April, 1783," for the sum of £45.
In the inventory of the goods and chattels of Peter Bicknell, of Barrington, taken by Solomon Peck and Samuel Allen, Appraisers in 1769, the following items appear among the live stock :
"Five cows £11, 25., Four calves £2, Fifty sheep £12, Ios., One horse, saddle and bridle, £7.
Two steers £ 3, 12s., Four swine £2,
One negro boy named Cuff £20,
One negro boy named Pomp £ 3.
One negro woman named Merea £35.
In 1742 Thomas Hill of North Kingstown sold to Matthew Allin of Barrington "one negro girl slave named Felles (Phillis) about ten years of age; the said to have and to hold to the proper use and behoof of him the said Matthew Allin forever," for "the sum of ninety-five pounds of good and law- ful money of New England."
In the estate of Matthew Allin, probated 1761, appears the
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EMANCIPATION.
item of "4 negro slaves between fourteen and forty-five years of age."
In the town records under date of December 22, 1744, the following intention of marriage appears :
"Quash declared unto me the subscriber his and Moll her intentions to be married to each other."
"Quash and Moll, negro servants to the widow Smith of Barrington were married January 9, 1743-4."
JOSIAH HUMPHREY,
Town Clerk.
By the will of Joshua Bicknell, probated in 1752, he declared : "And my will is that my negro man Dick and female negro child Rose in case their lives shall be spared, they shall serve my said wife (Abigail) during the term of her natural life, and at her decease the said two negroes shall be made free." "My will is in case the two negroes above mentioned should survive their mistress my said wife, that my daughter Olive shall pay the sum of one hundred pounds to the one and my daughter Molly shall pay one hun- dred pounds to the other; and in case one of these negroes shall die before their mistress, then the hundred pounds to be paid by the two daughters."
The first act of Rhode Island looking to emancipation of the slaves was taken on recommendation of General Wash- ington. He recommended that the state enlist two battalions of such slaves as should be willing to enter into the service. The General Assembly in February, 1778, voted to enlist as many slaves as possible, " paying all the bounties, wages and encouragements allowed to any soldier," and that every slave so enlisting, upon his passing muster before Col. Christopher Greene, be immediately discharged from the service of his master or mistress, and be absolutely FREE, as though he had never been encumbered with any kind of servitude or sla- very." This was the first emancipation act of Rhode Island, and hundreds of slaves took advantage of the call to military service, became freemen, and aided in obtaining the freedom
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THE HISTORY OF BARRINGTON.
of the State and Nation. Thus the cause of justice and hu- man freedom often advances by reason of the dangers and necessities of society, rather than by the principles which should actuate men and society. Barrington enlisted a num- ber of slaves, but their names cannot be easily identified. Among them were Jack Allin, Prince Allin, Dick Allen, Cato Bannister, Pero Bicknell, Scipio Freeman, Prince Ingraham, Joseph Sochorose, Prince Tiffany, Pomp Watson, and Prince Watson. Scipio Freeman is buried at the Allin burial ground, and his grave was honored with a Revolutionary patriot marker in November, 1895.
In 1783 the Quakers petitioned for the complete abolition of slavery in Rhode Island, and in 1784 the act was passed which forever abolished human bondage, and bade the slave go forth to freedom, guaranteed and secured in part by their own labors and sacrifices.
In this connection it is proper to mention the system of apprenticeship common in earlier days, by which young men and women were bound to masters for fixed terms, for the learning of trades, or for various forms of manual service. It will be of interest to preserve an "Indenture," made in 1783, which was the usual form of "binding out " of that day.
Signed Seal'd and Delivered MARY PRATT
iu Presence of us
JOHN PRATT
SARAH PRATT
ELIZABETH WALDRON
MATTHEW ALLIN
RUTH VIALL RUTH ALLIN
The following receipt records the sale of a slave to Thomas Allin :
Swansy, Aprill ye 11 day 1718
then received of Mr. Thomas Allin the sum of fifteen pounds and six pence being in part of payment for A neagro boy Cal'd Shaxper
I say received by me
JOHN MEDBURY
£15, 0s., 6p.
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NAMES OF FAMILY SLAVES.
In the inventory of the estate of Ephraim Tiffany, who died in 1771, one negro man is valued at £30.
NAMES OF SOME FAMILY SLAVES OWNED IN BARRINGTON.
Cuff Adams,
Merea Bicknell,
Joseph Sochorose,
Dick Allen,
Pero Brown,
Pomp Smith,
Jack Allen,
Prince Brown,
Jenny Smith,
Prince Allen,
Wattle Brown,
Quash Smith,
Orpha Allin,
Jennie Brown,
Molly Smith,
Bristol Allin,
Reuben Brown,
Gardiner Smith,
Tower Allin,
Scipio Brown,
Cæsar Smith,
Henrietta Allin,
Jenny Bosworth,
Jack Tiffany,
Jenny Allin,
Jack Bosworth,
Duchess Tiffany,
Nancy Allin,
Walley Cheese,
Scipio Tiffany,
Phillis Allin,
Mary Cheese,
Daniel Tiffany,
Shaxper Allin,
Cato Euston,
Sabrina Tiffany,
Pero Allin,
Duchess -,
Jemima Tiffany,
Cato Bannister,
Scipio Freeman,
Prince Tiffany,
Pomp Bicknell,
Sylvia Heath,
Lucy Tiffany,
Pomp Bicknell, Jr.,
Rose Heath.
Dinah Tiffany,
Pero Bicknell,
Prince Ingraham,
Cambridge Watson,
Dick Bicknell,
Jennie King,
Jenny Watson,
Dinah Bicknell,
Mary Pomham,
Jack Watson,
Rose Bicknell,
Prince Pero,
Pomp Watson,
Curry Bicknell,
Joshua Quam,
Phillis Watson,
Jenny Bicknell,
Mary Quam,
Prince Watson.
Cuff Bicknell,
Scipio Richmond,
THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH THAT I, MARY PRATT, DAUGHTER of John Pratt and Sarah, his wife; of Bristol in the County of Bristol & Colony of Rhodeisland Cheair makor Hath quit her Self and by these presents both Voluntary and of her own free will and accord and by and with the Consent of her father John Prat and Sarah Prat her mother Doth quit and Bind her Self apprentice to Matthew Allin and Ruth Allin His wife of Warin in the County of Bristol and Colony aforsd and to live with the Said Matthew Allin and Ruth Allin after the manner of an apprentice to Serve from the Day of the Date here of for and during the term of Eight years next ensuing to be Compleat and ended during all which Said term the Said apprentice her said master and her Said mistress faith-
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THE HISTORY OF BARRINGTON.
fully shall serve, their Secrets keep and lawfull Commands gladly obey. She shall Do no Damage to her Said master nor mistress nor See it to be Done of others with out letting or giving notice there of to her Said master or mistress. Shee shall not wast her Said masters & mistress goods nor lend them unlawfully to any. Shee shall not Commite Fornication nor Contract matrimony with in the s'd term; at Cards Dise and all other unlawfull games she shall not Play : wher by her s'd master and mistress may Have Damage; with their one goods or the goods of others ; She shall not absent her Self by Day or by night from her Said master & mistress Servis with out theair leave nor haunt Ale Houses Taverns nor play houses, But in all things be Have her Self as a faith- ful apprentis ought to Due to wards her said master and mistress During the s'd Term and the Said Matthew Allin for him Self his Executors administrators Doth here by Covenant and promise to teach and in Struct or cause the Said apprentice to be taught & In Structed in the art of spining and Housold work all so to larn the Said apprentice to Read and to in Struct her in Writing, and finding unto the said apprentis good and sufficient meats Drinks washing and lodging and apparell for all parts of the body During s'd term and at the Expiration there of to give unto the said ap- prentis two suites of apparell for all parts of the Body Sutable for such an apprentice in Testimony where of the parties to these presents have interchangeably set their Hand and Seale Dated this Twenty-Second Day of August anno q Domini - 755
The names of slaves appear in the old burial grounds, and their graves should receive the respect and care due to faith- ful servants. The following inscription is cut on one of the old gravestones :
Here lies the best of slaves, Now turning into dust, Cæsar the Ethiopian craves A place among the just. His faithful soul is fled
To realms of Heavenly light, And by the blood of Jesus shed Is changed from black to white. Jan. 15, he quit the stage,
In the 77th year of his age. 1780.
CHAPTER XXVI
BARRINGTON LEGISLATION
FROM 1770-1898
T HE following extracts from the town and Council records relate to the most important matters of business trans- acted by the town during a period of one hundred and twenty- eight years. This record does not include the names of deputies to the General Assembly or the more important town officers, which will be found in a condensed form at the end of the chapter. Some legislation which has entered into and directed important movements, will be found incorpo- rated in other chapters. Instances will be found in the chap- ter relating to public schools, the public library, highways and bridges, etc., etc. We have selected those items which will be of general interest, without touching upon the routine business of the town. The names of all the officers elected at the first town meeting, June 25, 1770, and the last town meeting, April 5, 1898, will be found recorded.
FIRST TOWN MEETING, JUNE 25, 1770, AT THE " PRESBI- TERIAN MEETING HOUSE."
OFFICERS CHOSEN :
Moderator - James Brown.
Town Clerk - Solomon Townsend.
Town Council- James Brown, James Bowen, Dea. Eben- ezer Adams, Col. Samuel Allen, Joseph Grant, Matthew Watson.
Assessors of Taxes - Josiah Humphrey, James Bowen, Thomas Allin.
Town Sergeant - Daniel Kinnicutt.
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Town Treasurer - Thomas Allin.
Sealer of Weights and Measures -Josiah Humphrey.
Vendue Master -Samuel Allen, 2d. Collector of Taxes- Henry Bowen.
Packer of Beef and Pork -Samuel Bosworth. Pound Keeper - Samuel Humphrey.
Sealer of Leather-Joseph Viall.
Surveyors of Highways - Solomon Peck, John Short, Na- thaniel Martin, James Brown, Jr.
Gauger of Casks - Samuel Bosworth.
Field Drivers- Daniel Kinnicutt, Nathaniel Heath.
Overseers of Poor-The Town Council.
Fence Viewers - The Surveyors.
July 9, 1770. The principal business done was to pass an act "restraining hogs from running at large on the high- ways."
FIRST COUNCIL MEETING.
July 9th. Highway districts apportioned to surveyors.
July 23rd. "Mr. Henry Bowen licenc'd to keep a publick House of Entertainment."
August 28th. Mr. John Harding, Philip Traffern, Ithamar Healey, and Michal Carey were ordered to depart the town. October 8th. A petition having been presented to the General Assembly by the inhabitants of the East (New Meadow) Neck praying to be set off to the town of Warren, The Representatives were instructed to use their utmost in- fluence against the petition.
April 17, 1771. " Voted by the town, That no Seine be drawn nor Nets Cast for the Catching of Fish at any time in the Year within One Hundred Rods of Mr. Joshua Bick- nell's Fishing Ditch under the Penalty of Fifteen Pounds Lawful mony except by sd Bicknell, and that the Inhabitants of this Town shall have Fish of sd Bicknell at 12d. per Hun- dred and 11/2d. per Doz."
May 24th. Petition presented by a number of townsmen on the East Neck, praying to be set off to Warren.
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TOWN LEGISLATION.
March 2, 1772. Inhabitants notified that if any person is taken into any family in this town, who is not an inhabitant, without notice to the town, the law will be enforced.
June 8th. "Voted, That the Waste Highways and Com- mon lands lying in the Town be Sold, and the money arising from the Sale of s'd Lands be deposited in the Town Treas- ury for the Use of a Free School."
Council meeting, Oct. 21, 1773. The Surveyor of High- ways for the south district was ordered to lay out a highway three rods wide from the northward of the meeting-house through the land of Joshua Bicknell and Hezekiah Tiffany to the foot of Prince's Hill.
" Voted. Highway from meeting-house to top of Prince's Hill through lands of Bicknell and Tiffany. Bicknell agreed, Tiffany refused. Land valued at $25 an acre."
October 21st. Highway three rods wide to the fish ditch, ordered laid out November 4th.
1773. Voted to sell useless highways and divide common lands. Thomas Barnes bought two acres of the new highway at $18 per acre.
Solomon Peck bought whole of the way running west from the great highway to the pound, $20 per acre.
1774. Voted a highway west from the Country highway through the land of J. Bicknell to begin at Bicknell's gate and run to the highway next westerly from said Bicknell's house.
1774, March 14. James Brown, Josiah Humphrey, Edward Bosworth, Samuel Allen, Nathaniel Martin, Moses Tyler, Esq., and Thomas Allen be a committee to draw up some resolves to be laid before the meeting respecting the infringements made upon the Americans by certain minis- terial decrees, and that the said committee correspond with the committees of other towns in this and in the neighboring Governments.
June 4. That the late resolutions of the Town of New- port be adopted in this Town Relative to Non-Consumption of British Manufactured and Imported Tea.
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August, 1775. Each inhabitant to draw 12 cartridges, etc. January, 1776. No corn or rye to be sold out of the town.
January, 1776. Artillery Co. Samuel Bosworth, Capt .; Nathaniel Heath, Lieut.
June 26. Col. Nathl. Martin to receive the salt for the town, Lieut. Allin to receive the cartridges.
That the thanks of the town be presented the moderator for his good conduct this day.
July I. Received 150 lbs. of powder to be put in a safe place.
1777, April 28. Town quota of soldiers, 8. Committee Moses Tyler, Peleg Heath, John Short, Samuel Allen and Samuel Bosworth.
Council met at the house of James Brown. Town meet- ing ordered Monday, July 7, 1777, in order to give our deputies such necessary instructions, as the town may think proper in this alarming situation of publick affairs.
No instructions but verbal, to conduct in the best manner they thought proper for the good of the whole.
April 15, 1778. The surveyor of Phebe's neck ordered to " new Sett the Pound, and build a wall on the East side of the Meeting House to Prevent the further Washing of the bank."
1778. Council licensed Samuel Allen to keep a public house of entertainment, six shillings for two months.
March II, 1779. License to Col. Nathaniel Martin six months, 30 shillings.
Aug. 9, 1779. "Voted to see that Mr. Joshua Bicknell cuts down no more Trees on the Green near the Meeting House."
December 5, 1788. Representatives ordered to use their influence " in Obtaining a State Convention for the purpose of Taking into Consideration the said proposed Constitution for the United States, and for pointing out the necessary Amendments for the publick good, etc."
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TOWN OFFICERS.
An Act respecting the Fishery in Barrington River.
May, 1795. "No seine shall be drawn in Barrington River for the taking of fish from the first day of March to the fif- teenth of May, under a penalty of forty pounds ; one-half of the fine to go to the town and the other to the informer."
MODERATORS OF TOWN MEETINGS.
James Brown, 1770.
Josiah Humphrey, 1774-76-77, 1793.
Nathaniel Martin, 1775, 1787, 1791.
Moses Tyler, 1778.
Nathaniel Heath, 1779.
Paul Mumford, 1780-82-3-4-5.
Capt. Thomas Allin, 1781, 1792.
Josiah Humphrey, 1786.
Solomon Townsend, Jr., 1788, 1789, 1790, 1793.
Asa Bicknell, 1792, and Nathaniel Martin, and Solomon Townsend, Esq.
COLLECTORS OF TAXES.
Henry Bowen, 1770.
Samuel Bosworth, 1771.
James Smith, Jr., 1772.
Matthew Allen, 1773.
Samuel Bosworth, 1782.
Viall Allen, 1786. Josiah Humphrey, Jr., 1787.
Elkanah Humphrey, 1789.
Daniel Kinnicutt, 1774-5-6-7-8-9, 1780-1.
Nathaniel Smith, 1783-4-5.
Thomas Allin, 1788, 1790-91-2-3.
TOWN SERGEANTS.
Daniel Kinnicutt, from 1770 to 1789. William Brown, 1790-1-2-3.
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June 7, 1798. At this meeting $75 was appropriated for building two new pounds, one on the East and the other on the West Neck.
June 2, 1800. "Voted, to adopt the Act of the General Assembly respecting keeping a free school in this town, and appointed a committee for the purpose of agreeing on a plan for carrying the same into effect; Messrs. William Allin, Ebenr. Peck, Nathl. Smith, Amariah Lilley, Jeremiah Bowen, and Benjamin Drown, to draw up a plan and report to the town on the 3d Monday in June."
April 17, 1805. "Voted, that the Lot on or near which the Meeting House now Stands which was formerly conveyed to the Town by Joshua Bicknell Esqr. Decd for the purpose of Setting a Meeting House thereon But the use for which the same was granted Neglected to be Inserted in the Deed, Be transfered by Deed to the United Congregational Society in the Town of Barrington for the purpose of erecting a Meet- ing house thereon and the Town Treasurer is hereby directed to give a Deed thereof Accordingly."
At a Town Meeting Specially Called at the Requests of Several Freemen in Writeing to the Town Clerke Directed & Individually Warned by the Town Sergeants :
Barrington May 16, 1805, Nathaniel Smith Esqr Moderator. Passed the following Vote: "Whereas the lot whereon the old Meeting House now stands on the Easterly Side where the old Road formerly Run is the property of the Town ; And Also the old Road & the Lot on the Westerly Side thereof Conveyed to the Town by Joshua Bicknell Esq., Deceased, as by Deed on Record bearing date November 4th A. D. 1773 doth appear Bounded as follows, Beginning at a heap of Stones on the East Side of the Highway & Runing Southerly by sd way about thirteen Rods & an half to a stake & heap of Stones for a Corner, then turning & Runing Easterly a Straight line to the Salt Water thence Northerly by the Salt Water to the first mentioned Corner the above mentioned bounds Comprehend both of said Lots and the Strip of old Road Runing through the Same.
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" And Whereas the United Congregational Society in this Town are about to build a new Meeting House thereon We as a Town do hereby give up to them all Our Right title In- terest & property therein to be by them the Said Society holden for the sole Use for a Meeting House Lot Forever. And the Town Treasurer is hereby Directed to give a Deed thereof accordingly.
"Furthermore we hereby give up to them the said Society all our Right Title Interest & property in and to the Old Meeting House to be by them Taken down to work into the New Meeting House as they may think proper and most ad- vantagious to the Society."
The votes were as follows : 26 affirmative, 5 negative ; 2I majority.
Dec 2ª A. D. 1806. "Voted that the proceedings of the Town Council in purchasing a piece of ground of Solomon Townsend for a Burial ground & giveing an order on the Town Treasurer for the payment of the Same be approved of by this meeting."
"Voted that the Sum of three hundred Dollars be raised by Tax on the Inhabitants and Estates in the Town for the purpose of purchasing and laying out Publick Roads under the direction of the Town Council & That Such portion of the Same as may be assessed on the Inhabitants of New meadow neck be expended in purchaseing & laying out Roads thereon That Said Tax be assessed by the I day of June next and Collected by the I day of September next."
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