USA > Rhode Island > Newport County > History of Newport County, Rhode Island. From the year 1638 to the year 1887, including the settlement of its towns, and their subsequent progress > Part 7
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59
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
distributed in this way out of the state treasury. Under this law Newport was required to maintain three schools eight months each; Portsmouth, Tiverton and Little Compton were each to maintain three schools for four months each; and Mid- dletown, Jamestown and New Shoreham were each to maintain one school four months. This law was so strongly opposed that in February, 1803, it was repealed.
A decadence of interest in school matters seemed now to fol- low, but after a quarter of a century a revival of sentiment ap- peared, and in 1828, after many a hard fought battle of intellect, with the varied weapons of argument, a new school law was passed. This act provided that a sum, not exceeding ten thous- and dollars, to be derived from certain specified sources of revenue, should annually be paid from the state to the towns for the support of schools, and authorized each town to supple- ment within specified limitations such sum as it received from this source, by a tax upon its people to an amount sufficient to support its schools. The superintendenee of schools was placed in the hands of a school committee in each town. On this aet the present school system of the state has been builded.
At that time Newport had one free school with about two hundred scholars, and forty-two private schools with about one thousand one hundred scholars, supported the year round. Portsmouth then had four school houses in which schools were kept somewhat regularly throughout the winter, and in one or two of them during the summer. Middletown had five school houses in which schools were tanght regularly during the win- ter and irregularly during the summer. Jamestown had three school houses, one of which was unoccupied, and schools kept in the other two only during the winter. Little Compton had eight school houses open in winter, and most of them open in sum- mer. In New Shoreham there was but one school house, though four schools of about thirty scholars each, on an average, were kept four months in winter, and six months in summer. In Tiverton there were ten school houses in which schools were kept with mneh regularity, and a few other small schools. The school law of 1828 was amended in 1839.
The first official report of the schools of the state, and the re- sults of the operation of the system, was made in 1832. In it appears the following comment:
"There is not a town in which all the children may not have
60
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
the means of acquiring a common school education; and when we consider the nature of our institutions, and how much their preservation depends on the general spread of information, and on the correct morals of our youth, we have much canse to re- joice at the present favorable prospects, and we look forward to the period when Rhode Island shall be as celebrated for the facilities afforded to education as she now is for her industry and manufactures."
From the statistical tables of that report is compiled the fol- lowing, by comparing which with other tables printed further on a good idea of the growth of the schools of this county un- der the fostering care of the state may be gained :
Public Schools.
Number of
Scholars.
Months of School
Annually Taught.
Appropriated by
the Town.
Private Schools.
Number of
Scholars.
Months of School
Annually Taught.
Newport.
400
12
$800
32
900
12
Tiverton.
12
600
4
20
400
3
Portsmouth.
8
360
2
-7 00 B
175
6
New Shoreham
3
100
2
Middletown.
5
210
4
5
155
6
Jamestown
2
100
Totals.
39
2,015
$800
67
1,690
. .
The following table shows the condition of the schools in 1844:
.
Aggregate number of Scholars.
Newport.
$1,766.59
$1,600.00
11
13
$3.095.00
690
Portsmouth.
374.42
8
10
1,020.00
282
New Shoreham.
299.82
5
9
299.82
232
Jamestown ..
66.33
16.32
1
5
156.00
94
Middletown.
198.39
41.00
5
5
239.39
93
Tiverton.
804.43
639.37
16
19
19
1,095.77
698
Little Compton
323.21
41.29
9
9
18
364.50
285
Totals.
$3,833.19
$2.337.98
43
66
82
$6,270.48
2,374
Am't Received
From State.
Received from
Town.
Number of
Districts.
Number of
Schools.
Number of
Teachers.
Expended for Instruction.
60
Little Compton.
245
1
.
.
61
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
The school law of the state was again amended in 1845. Other amendments and changes in the law have since been made, but the law of that year formed the general basis on which the law as it exists to-day has been built.
The following table, compiled from the school reports of the year ending May 1, 1855, gives another landmark in the prog- ress of popular education here :
Aggregate number
of Scholars at-
tending School.
Amount paid for
Instruction.
Number of Teach-
Amount Received
Amount Received
from Town Taxes.
Amount Received
Special
School Funds.
Number of School Districts.
Number of
Schools,
Newport .
858
$9,933.62 20
$2.318.53 $6,500.00
125.75
5
17
Portsmouth.
334
2,115.23
8
723.84
300.00
7
Middletown.
194
1,135.71
10
385.71
200.00
40.00
5
Tiverton.
1.239
4.744.81
30
1,969.86
1.500.00
1,092.22
18
21
Little Compton
350
1,953.07
18
749.47
250.00
10
10
New Shorcham
366
885.78
5
565.61
100.00
5
5
Jamestown.
54
276.13
3
145.80
25.00
Totals
3,395
$21.044.35
94
$6,858.82 $8,875.00 $1.257.97
52
67
The school reports for 1886 show the following figures :
Number of Child-
School
| Aggregate number
attending Schools.
Number of
Schools.
Teachers
Employed.
Received from
Received from
From Special
School Funds.
Cost of Schools.
Jamestown .
99
3
6
$438.63
$500.00
$896,80
Little Compton .
202
235
10
15
1.999.36
2.040.00
3,315.97
Middletown
210
163
5
6
257.68
1,850.00
2,469.80
Newport .
3,639
12.210
39
45
6,498.98
38.000.00
$2.820.94
39,650.87
New Shoreham.
282
2.18
5
11
833.46
868.46
1,843.36
Portsmouth
289
341
10
13
1,379.62
3,351.00
4.327.80
Tiverton
603
567
13
20
2,061.65
3,800,00
23.74
5,845.26
Totals
5.324 3.850. 85 116 $13,262.38
$50.109.46
$2.814.68
$58,349.36
1
We append the following statistics relating to different sub- jects and periods, which are of interest chiefly in showing the comparative growth and importance of the different towns of the county.
Town.
Age.
ren of
State.
ers employed.
from State.
from
62
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
CENSUS OF 1730.
"In the year 1730 there was by the King's order an exact ac- count taken of the number of souls in the colony."
In this census the four towns which then constituted New- port county were reported as follows :
. Towns.
Whites.
Negroes.
Indians.
Total.
Newport.
3,843
649
148
4,640
Portsmouth.
643
100
70
813
Jamestown. .
222
80
19
321
New Shoreham
250
20
20
290
Newport County.
4,958
849
257
6,064
Total of the Colony
15,302
1,648
985
17,935
The census of 1748-49 showed the following figures :
Towns.
Whites.
Negroes.
Indians.
Total.
Newport.
5,335
1,105
69
6,508
Portsmouth.
807
134
51
992
New Shoreham
260
20
20
1
300
Jamestown.
284
110
26
420
Middletown
586
76
18
680
Tiverton. .
842
99
99
1,040
Little Compton
1,004
62
86
1,159
Newport County.
9,118
1,606
368
11,092
The number of families in the county in 1774 were : Newport, 1,590 ; Portsmonth, 220; New Shoreham, 75; Jamestown, 69 ; Middletown, 123; Tiverton, 298; Little Compton, 218; the whole county, 2,593.
The census of 1775 showed the population, distributed among the different classes mentioned, as follows :
WHITE.
Towns.
Men Able to| Enlisted Bear Arms. Sokliers.
Men.
Women.
Boys.
Girls.
Newport.
534
969
1,696
1,633
1,099
1,091
Portsmouth. .
88
120
243
228
261
440
New Shoreham
17
66
83
52
53
Jamestown.
20
58
86
100
103
Middletown.
55
82
153
206
157
165
Tiverton
109
159
277
217
278
323
Little Compton
110
134
244
243
261
295
Newport County
993
1,588
2,782
2,703
2,211
2,438
63
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
BLACK.
Towns.
Men.
Women.
Boys.
Girls.
Newport ..
400
341
248
245
Portsmouth.
51
60
50
30
New Shoreham.
41
Jamestown.
-1:2
41
36
37
Middletown
11
61
Little Compton
28
43
29
30
Newport County.
623
619
469
448
The valuations of the several towns of the county in 1796 were as follows : Newport, $257,200 ; Portsmouth, £110, - 207, 9s .; New Shoreham, £33,472, 2s .; Jamestown, £45,599, 18s .; Middletown, £55,747, 16s .; Tiverton, £111,272, 18s., 9d .; Little Compton, £88,082, 16s.
WAR EXPENSES, 1861-65.
Totalamount paid
$11,511
$439
$11,950
$7,150
Jamestown.
780
8
788
New Shoreham.
3,093
300
3,393
3,393
Tiverton.
34,454
35,021
12,871
Newport.
93.086
435
$4,861
98,383
61,483
Portsmouth.
19,000
30
19,030
10,030
Middletown
16,358
200
16,634
11,234
Total amount paid
Volunteers.
Total amount paid
lies of Volun-
teers.
Aggregate
War Purposes.
for War Pur-
poses.
Little Compton
for Bounties.
Enlisting
for Aid of Fami-
Dis-
bursements for
Actual Expenses
for
26
19
23
Tiverton
CHAPTER II.
THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.
BY HENRY E. TURNER, M. D .*
IN presenting the following sketches of the medical men of Newport county, the writer desires to state that he has been actuated by no motive but the desire to present the exact truth, so far as information could be obtained (in a compact form) and also to make it as exhaustive as possible. He also desires to acknowledge his gratitude to Doctor H. R. Storer, G. C. Mason, Esq., Hon. William P. Sheffield and many others for valuable aid in his work.
Doctor Albro, born at Portsmouth, R. I., studied medicine with Doctor S. W. Butler, of Newport, graduated at the Uni- versity Medical School, New York city, in 1879, and has not since been a resident in this county.
Doctor John Almy was born in Tiverton, R. I., in 1757. He studied medicine in the office of Doctor Isaac Senter, of New- port, and settled in Little Compton, R. I., in 1797. His wife was Abigail, daughter of Isaac Bailey. He was a very popular and successful practitioner in Little Compton for 40 years or more. He died in Little Compton in 1844, at the very advanced age of 87 years.
Doctor Caleb Arnold of Portsmouth, R. I., was a son of Gov- ernor Benedict Arnold, of Newport, and was a delegate to the general assembly from Portsmouth in 1684 ; was, the same year, appointed an assistant and declined. Of his professional career, nothing is known.
Doctor Edmund S. F. Arnold came to Newport some years since and purchased a fine residence, and lived here for several years, but did not resume practice from which he had previously
* The following sketches in this chapter were not prepared by Doctor Tur- ner, viz. : Doctors James Tyler Buttrick, David King, David King, Jr., David Olyphant, F. H. Rankin, Austin L. Sands, William Turner, and Henry E. Turner .- En.
65
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
retired. He, however, was a consulting physician to the medi- cal staff of the Newport Hospital from 1874 to 1877.
Doctor Avery F. Angell, son of lob and Aleey ( Leach) Angell, was born in Scituate, R. I., May 5th, 1811. His early life was passed in farming and mechanical pursuits ; from 1833 to 1847 he was a school teacher and afterward was a dentist until 1864. He subsequently practised medicine, having graduated in a western medical school. For about ten years he resided in Newport, practising medicine and dentistry. About 1886 he went south and is believed now to be in Florida. Doctor An- gell has two sons. Ile was an original member of the Newport Medical Society.
Doctor Pierre Ayrault was a prominent member of the French Huguenot colony, which purchased a considerable tract in East Greenwich, R. I., being refugees from the paternal government of Louis XIV. after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. In 1699, he appears as one of the founders of Trinity church. Newport, and it has been thence inferred that he was a resident of Newport, but this conclusion is not sustained by any other evidence. His will was proved in East Greenwich, June 4th, 1711, and this proves him a resident there at the time of his death. Directly after, his son Daniel sold his house in Green- wich and came to Newport, where for a century or more, he was represented by a numerous and influential progeny, of whom George C. Mason, Esq., and his son, George C. Mason, Jr., are still his worthy representatives in Newport. The will of Dr. Pierre Ayrault, above mentioned, was executed in 1711. He died June 4th, 1711. There is reason to believe that a grandson of Dr. Ayrault. also named Pierre, studied medicine in Newport, but died early.
Miss Mary Baldwin, M. D., has been practising medicine in Newport for about three years, having received the degree of M. D. at Blackwell College. New York, in 1874.
Doctor Christopher Franklin Barker, son of Robinson P. and Julia Ann (Peckham) Barker, was born in Middletown, R. l., October 31st, 1849. After preliminary education in local schools he prepared for college at the Newport High School, graduating there in 1871. He received the degree of A. B. at Brown Uni- versity in 1875, after which he passed two or three years in private tuition. In 1879 he entered the office of Dr. Samuel W. Butler of Newport, as a medical student, and graduated in medi-
5
66
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
cine at the University of New York in March, 1882, and imme- diately established himself in practice in Newport, where his preceptor. Dr. Butler, had died in the previous year. He has acquired a large business and an enviable position. He was mar- ried in May, 1881, to Helen E., daughter of John and Hannah (Barker) Peckham, of Middletown, and has two children.
Doctor Richard Bartlett came from Mendon, Mass., in 1769, and advertised as surgeon, bonesetter and physician, and seems not to have remained very long.
Doctor Charles F. Bartlett came to Newport in 1800, and ad- vertised to inocnlate for kine pox, then a new thing. The frigate "General Greene" arrived at Newport July 21st, 1800, from the West Indies, bringing yellow fever. Dr. Bartlett was called upon by the town conncil, with John Wanton, health officer, to investigate the subject and report, which he did; but he was antagonized by the other physicians, and the conn- cil failed to proseente the plan which he recommended. Whether or not for that reason, a quite alarming and fatal epidemie ensned, in which 82 cases occurred at Newport, Providence and East Greenwich, and quite a large proportion of the cases were fatal. Doctor Bartlett soon after disappeared. While here he had a portrait of Washington painted, which is described in " Mason's Reminiscences of Newport " (page 291). He died at Darien, Georgia, June 22d, 1806.
Doctor John Bartlett, from Charlestown, R. I., was in New- port in 1770.
Doctor Gustavus Baylies was at Thomas White's, Church street, opposite Trinity Church gate, in 1793. He staid a short time, removed to Bristol, and married a daughter of Lieutenant Governor William Bradford, who was the father of Doctor Hersey Bradford, late of Astoria, Long Island.
Doctor William Hunter Birckhead, son of James and Eliza (Hunter) Birckhead, grandson of Hon. Wm. Hunter of Newport, and great-grandson of Doctor Wm. Hunter, of Newport, of pre- revolutionary fame, was born at Rio de Janeiro, his grandfather being then U. S. minister plenipotentiary at the court of Brazil. His father was a native of Baltimore, Maryland, and was son of a distinguished physician of that city. Doctor Birckhead grad- uated A.B. at Trinity College, Hartford, Conn., in 1861, and A. M. in 1863. He studied medicine in the city of New York from 1861 to 1863, took his medical degree at the College of Physi-
67
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
cians and Surgeons, New York, in 1864, and was house physi- cian at Bellevue Hospital from 1864 to 1866. He was honse sur- geon of the Woman's Hospital, New York, in 1867-68. He com- menced practice in Newport in January, 1868, and retired from practice in 1885. Doctor Birckhead was one of the visiting staff of Newport Hospital from its establishment to 1877, when he retired. He is a member of the R. I. Medical Society, and of the Alumni Association of the Woman's Hospital. He also did some hospital service at Fortress Monroe during the war. He has a winning address, by which he soon acquired wonder- ful popularity among his fellow townsmen, and rapidly acquired a large practice of a lucrative character.
Doctor John Brett settled in Newport about 1749, and was for many years a very prominent member of the profession here. He was a graduate of Leyden, and attended the lectures of the great Boerhaave. He was highly esteemed among his cotempo- raries, not only as a highly accomplished and able physician, but as a man of fine literary tastes, of large pretensions as a man of science. He was an intimate friend and associate of Redwood, and was an active friend of the Redwood library, to which he gave many valnable books, all of the highest order. Mr. Sheffield says: "Dr. John Brett came to Newport in 1743." Doctor Waterhouse says "in 1749."
Doctor Benjamin Brown lived opposite Daniel Ayrault's, in Thames street, Newport, opposite the foot of Ann street, prior to 1770.
Doctor Richmond Brownell, son of Sylvester Brownell of Little Compton, was born in that town in 1290, and died at Providence October 29th, 1864. Dr. Brownell never practiced in Newport county, but settled, as a physician, in Providence, and was a prominent figure there for many years, and highly esteemed. He was president of the R. I. Medical Society from 1840 to 1843.
Doctor William Tillinghast Bull, son of Henry and Henrietta S. (Melville) Bull, and great-grandson of Dr. William Tilling- hast, was born at Newport, May 18th, 1849, and graduated A. B. at Harvard College in 1869. He studied medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, under the pri- vate instruction of Dr. Henry B. Sands, then professor of anat- omy in the institution. He received his medical degree in March, 1872, with a prize of $50 for best graduation thesis, ou
68
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
"Perityphlitis." He was, immediately after graduation, ad- mitted into surgical service in Bellevne Hospital, remaining there until October, 1873. He passed the two years succeeding in professional study in England, France and Germany. He commenced practice at 39 West 35th street, New York city, in September, 1875. In March, 1876, he was appointed house physician to the New York Dispensary, in which position he remained two years. In December, 1877, he was appointed at- tending surgeon to Chambers Street Hospital, which place he still holds. From 1879 to 1883, he was attending surgeon to St. Luke's Hospital and demonstrator of anatomy to the College of Physicians and Surgeons. In 1883, he was appointed surgeon to the New York Hospital, which place he still holds. He is at present consulting physician to St. Luke's Hospital, Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled, Ward's Island Emigrant Hospital, and the Manhattan Hospital. He is also a trustee of the New York Dispensary, and one of the managers of the New York Cancer Hospital, and adjunct professor of the practice of surgery, at the College of Physicians and Surgeons. Dr. Bull has dis- tingnished himself in operative surgery, and holds a high posi- tion in the profession. He is unmarried.
Doctor Sammel W. Butler, of Newport, was born in Farm- ington. Maine, February 2d, 1816. He was a son of Samuel and Mary (Pease) Butler, of Farmington, but originally from Edgartown, Martha's Vineyard, Mass. He acquired his medical education in Boston, and received the degree of M.D. from Harvard College. He settled in Newport in 1842, where he re- sided the remainder of his life, with an interval of two years. passed in partnership with Dr. Baker, in Providence. He died April 7th, 1881, in consequence of injuries incurred by passing into the stall of an untried and dangerous horse, which he had lately purchased. He was married in 1843, to Amelia, dangh- ter of Holden Backus of Farmington. Me .. and had one dangh- ter; both still survive. Doctor Baker was a member of the R. I. Medical Society, and of the American Medical Association. He was for a time hospital surgeon at Fortress Monroe, during the rebellion. He was a member of the Baptist church, a dili- gent and faithful man in his profession, and had the confidence of n large number of citizens.
James Tyler Buttrick, M. D., the third son of Eli and Polly Hedden Buttrick, was born in Hudson, New Hampshire. March
P.C. Butterite
KIEKSTAUT N
69
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
6th, 1825. His grandfather, Oliver Buttrick, of Concord, Massachusetts, joined the army before his twenty-first year, was at the battle of Bunker Hill and served through the revolut . tion. His father, Eli Buttrick, was a farmer, respected by all who appreciate the higher instincts of veracity, honesty and the amenities of a rural life. His mother was of an old and highly respectable Vermont family, a woman of great piety and truly evangelical sentiments. Dr. Buttrick was a direct descendant of Major John Buttrick, who at the battle of Con- cord Bridge gave the order (in the ever memorable words) " Fire-for God's sake, Fire and protect your homes," for that first shot which Emerson says " was heard around the world."
In person and character the doctor had preserved the type of those hardy, uncompromising men who laid the foundation of om republic. He despised the effeminate Inxury of modern life and had a truly Spartan relish for that austere simplicity so much admired in theory and so little appreciated when prac- ticed. His reverence for God and man were shown in high in- tegrity and large benevolence. He kept no telephone between his right hand and his left, the secret of his constant giving and serving being hardly known beyond those benefitted. His sympathy and skill were always for the poor, and in many cases he improvised a hospital, and in addition to medical and surgical aid performed the duties of nurse and steward. Doctor Buttrick pursued a preparatory course of study in Boston and gradnated with honor in 1853 at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. He later took a supplementary course at Woodstock, Vermont, and then received private instruction in general, descriptive and surgical anatomy. surgery, practice of medicine, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, midwifery, etc., etc., under Prof. Whittaker of New York. He was several times interrupted in his studies for want of means, provided by days and nights of toil and deprivation. He would not borrow lest death or accident should overtake him and cause another to suffer. Hle not only travelled over a rough road but built the road himself. He possessed much mechanical skill which greatly aided him in the practice of surgery. As an operator he was self-possessed and careful. using equally well both the left and right hand. He applied himself very closely to the best works on medicine and surgery during the whole of his
70
HISTORY OF NEWPORT COUNTY.
professional career, and kept well abreast of the times in medi- cal literature.
Ile first settled in Westford, Massachussetts, and afterward in Wilton. New Hampshire. In 1862 he removed to Block Island, and in 1867 settled in Newport. He was a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and in 1863 connected himself with the Rhode Island Medical Society. On the 6th of March, 1867, he married Mary E., daughter of Hon. George G. Sheffield of Lyme, Connecticut, formerly of Block Island, who with a son and daughter survive him. His death occurred July 26th, 1880. A leading practitioner said of him in his remarks before the Rhode Island Medical Society, " Dr. Butt- rick was a self reliant and laborions practitioner in the various branches of medicine, a man of perseverance, of sin- cerity and integrity." Another member of his profession wrote thus: "Dr. Buttrick was retiring in manner, modest in the extreme, but fearless and self-reliant in the performance of duty. Hle shrunk from no responsibility when the welfare of his patients required his services. Had he settled in a large city the world would have known him better."
Doctor Benjamin Waite Case was born in North Kingstown in 1772 and died in Newport November 7th, 1834. He married Sarah, danghter of Hon. Henry Marchant, who was a member of the continental congress from Rhode Island. They had no children. Doctor Case studied medicine with his uncle, Doctor Benjamin Case of South Kingstown, and came to Newport abont 1800. He soon acquired a large practice, and retained it until his last illness. He was cotemporary with Doctors William Turner, David King, Edmund T. Waring and Enoch Hazard, and died at very near the same time with the three former, Doc- tor Hazard dying in 1842, several years later, the community being thus deprived of the services of a whole generation of physicians, which they had enjoyed for 35 years or more, to each of whom a large clientelle was devotedly attached. Doc- tor Case was very positive and heroic in his methods, and made himself very conspicuous by the extremely liberal use of cold water at a time when the opposite practice prevailed. He was also thought to be extravagantly free in the use of the lancet. For these and perhaps other reasons, he was not exactly en rap- port with his compeers, but the people who habitually em- ployed him had the most implicit confidence in him. In his early
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