USA > Tennessee > Knox County > Knox County in the World War, 1917-1919 > Part 4
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Engagements : St. Mihiel and Argonne.
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THIRTY-SIXTH DIVISION (Texas and Oklahoma Nat- ional Guard)-141st, 142nd, 143rd and 144th Infantry; 131st, 132nd and 133rd Field Artillery; 131st, 132nd and 133rd Ma- chine Gun Battalions; 111th Engineers.
General Commanding: William R. Smith.
Engagements : Argonne and Champagne.
THIRTY-SEVENTH DIVISION (Ohio National Guard) -145th, 146th, 147th and 148th Infantry; 134th, 135th and 136th Field Artillery; 134th, 135th and 136th Machine Gun Battalions; 112th Engineers.
General Commanding: Charles S. Farnsworth.
Engagements: Argonne Forest, Escaut River in Flanders.
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THIRTY-EIGHTH DIVISION (Kentucky, Indiana and West Virginia National Guard)-149th, 150th, 151st and 152nd Infantry; 137th, 138th and 139th Field Artillery; 137th, 138th and 139th Machine Gun Battalions; 113th En- gineers.
General Commanding: Robert L. Howze. In reserve when armistice was signed.
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THIRTY-NINTH DIVISION (Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana National Guard)-153rd, 154th, 155th and 156th Infantry; 140th, 141st and 142nd Field Artillery; 140th, 141st and 142nd Machine Gun Battalions; 114th Engineers. General Commanding: Henry C. Hodges, Jr. Depot Division at St. Florent.
FORTIETH DIVISION (California, Utah, New Mexico and Arizona National Guard)-157th, 158th, 159th and 160th Infantry; 143rd, 144th and 145th Field Artillery; 143rd, 144th and 145th Machine Gun Battalions; 115th Engineers. General Commanding: Frederick S. Strong. Depot Division at Revigny and St. Dizier.
FORTY-FIRST DIVISION (Washington, Oregon, Mon- tana and Idaho National Guard)-161st, 162nd, 163rd and 164th Infantry; 146th, 147th and 148th Field Artillery; 146th, 147th and 148th Machine Gun Battalions; 116th Engi- neers.
General Commanding: Richard Coulter.
Depot Division at St. Aignan and Noyers.
FORTY-SECOND DIVISION (Rainbow, made up from the National Guard of 26 states)-165th, 166th, 167th and 168th Infantry; 149th, 150th and 151st Field Artillery; 149th 150th and 151st Machine Gun Battalions; 117th Engi- neers.
Generals Commanding: W. A. Mann, C. T. Menoher, C. D. Rhodes, C. A. F. Flagler. Engagements: Red Cross Farm, St. Mihiel, Argonne, Army of Occupation.
SEVENTY-SIXTH DIVISION (Draft troops of New York State and New England)-301st, 302nd, 303rd and 304th Infantry; 301st, 302nd and 303rd Field Artillery; 301st, 302nd and 303rd Machine Gun Battalions; 301st Engineers.
General Commanding: Harry F. Hodges. Depot Division at St. Amantand Montrond.
SEVENTY-SEVENTH DIVISION (Draft troops of New York City ;- 305th, 306th, 307th and 308th Infantry; 304th, 305th and 306th Field Artillery; 304th, 305th and 306th Machine Gun Battalions; 302nd Engineers.
Generals Commanding: George B. Duncan and Robert Alexander.
Engagements: Vesle and Argonne.
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SEVENTY-EIGHTH DIVISION (Draft troops of New York and New Jersey)-309th, 310th, 311th and 312th In- fantry ; 307th, 308th and 309th Field Artillery; 307th, 308th and 309th Machine Gun Battalions; 303rd Engineers. General Commanding: James H. McRae. Engagements : St. Mihiel and Argonne.
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SEVENTY-NINTH DIVISION (Draft troops of Pennsyl- vania, Maryland and District of Columbia)-313th, 314th, 315th and 316th Infantry; 310th, 311th and 312th Field Ar- tillery; 310th, 311th and 312th Machine Gun Battalions; 304th Engineers.
General Commanding: Joseph E. Kuhn. Engagement: Argonne Forest.
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EIGHTIETH DIVISION (Draft troops of Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania)-317th, 318th, 319th and 320th Infantry; 313th, 314th and 315th Field Artillery; 313th, 314th and 315 Machine Gun Battalions; 305th Engineers. General Commanding: Adelbert Cronkhite. Engagements: St. Mihiel and Argonne Forest.
EIGHTY-FIRST DIVISION (Draft troops of North and South Carolina, Florida and Porto Rico)-321st, 322nd, 323rd and 324th Infantry; 316th, 317th and 318th Field Artillery; 316th, 317th and 318th Machine Gun Battalions; 306th Engi- neers.
General Commanding: Charles J. Bailey. Battle of Argonne Forest.
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EIGHTY-SECOND DIVISION (All-American)-325th, 326th, 327th and 328th Infantry; 319th, 320th and 321st Field Artillery; 319th, 320th and 321st Machine Gun Battalions; 307th Engineers.
General Commanding: George B. Duncan.
Engagements: St. Mihiel and Argonne Forest.
EIGHTY-THIRD DIVISION (Draft troops of Ohio and Pennsylvania) -329th, 330th, 331st and 332nd Infantry; 322nd, 323rd and 324th Field Artillery; 322nd, 323rd and 324th Machine Gun Battalions; 308th Engineers. General Commanding : Edwin F. Glenn. Depot Division at Le Mans.
EIGHTY-FOURTH DIVISION (Draft troops of Illinois, Indiana and Kentucky)-333rd, 334th, 335th and 336th In- fantry; 325th, 326th and 327th Field Artillery; 325th, 326th and 327th Machine Gun Battalions; 309th Engineers. General Commanding: Harry C. Hale. Supply service at Neuvic.
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EIGHTY-FIFTH DIVISION (Draft troops of Michigan and Wisconsin)-337th, 338th, 339th and 340th Infantry; 328th, 329th and 330th Field Artillery; 328th, 329th and 330th Machine Gun Battalions; 310th Engineers.
General Commanding: Chase W. Kennedy. Depot Division at Pouilly.
EIGHTY-SIXTH DIVISION (Draft troops of Chicago) - 341st, 342nd, 343rd and 344th Infantry; 331st, 332nd and 333rd Field Artillery; 331st, 332nd and 333rd Machine Gun Battalions; 311th Engineers.
Generals Commanding: C. H. Martin and C. G. Ballou. Supply service at St. Andre de Cubzac.
EIGHTY-SEVENTH DIVISION (Draft troops of Arkan- sas, Mississippi and Louisiana)-345th, 346th, 347th and 348th Infantry; 334th, 335th and 336th Field Artillery; 334th, 335th and 336th Machine Gun Battalions; 312th Engineers.
General Commanding: Samuel D. Sturgis.
Supply service at Pons.
EIGHTY-EIGHTH DIVISION (Draft troops of Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota and North Dakota)-349th, 350th, 351st and 352nd Infantry; 337th, 338th and 339th Field Artillery; 337th, 338th and 339th Machine Gun Battalions; 313th Engi- neers.
General Commanding: William Weigel.
Engagements: Alsace Front.
EIGHTY-NINTH DIVISION (Draft troops of Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado and Missouri)-353rd, 354th, 355th and 356th Infantry; 340th, 341st and 342nd Field Artillery; 340th, 341st and 342nd Machine Gun Battalions; 314th Engi- neers.
Generals Commanding: William M. Wright, Frank L. Winn.
Engagements: St. Mihiel, Argonne Forest, Army of Oc- cupation.
NINETIETH DIVISION (Draft troops of Texas and Ok- lahoma)-357th, 358th, 359th and 360th Infantry; 343rd, 344th and 345th Field Artillery; 343rd, 344th and 345th Machine Gun Battalions; 315th Engineers.
Generals Commanding: Henry T. Allen, LeRoy S. Lyon. Engagements: St. Mihiel, Argonne Forest, Army of Oc- cupation.
NINETY-FIRST DIVISION (Draft troops of Washing- ton, Alaska, Oregon, Nevada and Wyoming)-361st, 362nd, 363rd and 364th Infantry; 346th, 347th and 348th Field Ar- tillery; 346th, 347th and 348th Machine Gun Battalions; 316th Engineers.
General Commanding: William H. Johnston.
Engagements: St. Mihiel, Argonne, Flanders.
NINETY-SECOND DIVISION (Colored draft troops)- 365th, 366th, 367th and 368th Infantry; 349th, 350th and 351st Field Artillery; 349th, 350th and 351st Machine Gun Battalions; 317th Engineers.
Generals Commanding: C. G. Ballou, C. H. Martin. Engagement : Alsace Front.
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"How OW sleep the brave, who sink to rest, By all their country's wishes blessed ! When Spring, with dewy fingers cold, Returns to deck their hallowed mould, She there shall dress a sweeter sod Than fancy's feet have ever trod.
By fairy hands their knell is rung; By forms unseen their dirge is sung; There Honor comes, a pilgrim gray, To bless the turf that wraps their clay; And Freedom shall a while repair To dwell a weeping hermit there!"
-Collins
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DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF THOSE FROM KNOX COUNTY WHO MADE THE SUPREME SACRIFICE -D
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PHILIP IFORD
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IlIc Shall Not Sleep
"In Flanders fields the poppies blow Between the Crosses, row on rom. That mark our place; and in the sky The larks still brauchy singing fly. Scarce heard amidst lhe yuns below.
We are the dead. Short days ago we lived, fell dawn. sam sunsci glom. Loved and were loved, and now we lic In flanders fields.
Take up our quarrel with the foc. To you from falling hands we throw the Torch- be yours to hold it high; If uc break faith with us mho dic. We shall not sleep. though poppies grow In flanders fields.
courtesy of Bauer & Black
This beautiful lyric of the war was written by Lienten- ant-Colonel Dr. John McCrae, of Montreal, Canada, while the second battle of Ypres was in progress. The author's body now lies buried in Flan- ders fields.
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Bediratinn
F all books this one seems least to need a dedication. Are not the supreme sacrifices of the dead of Knox County inscribed upon the imperishable tablets of our hearts? Are not the heroic deeds of the living enshrined forever in our memories? Yet of all books no one more richly deserves a proper dedication. The men and women whose names are inscribed herein be- long to no ordinary race. The blood of the heroes and heroines of other stirring days ran into their veins and felt at home. The mantle of an honorable and glorious past fell upon their shoulders; it has been worn worthily and kept unstained.
No words of mine or any other are needed to enhance the lustre of their fame. They have imprinted on history's most golden page a record of glory in their deeds; and what they have written, they have written. But it is altogether fitting and proper that we pay honor to whom honor is due, and that we should here set down some expression of our great love and pride for and in these men and women of Knox County. In our courthouse yard is a plain, but stately monument erected to John Sevier. Upon it is the inscription: "35 battles-35 victories." Let us go and chisel upon that sacred marble the story of yet another triumph! For the great spirit of Sevier still flames in the men of Tennessee, and his civil descendants are worthy such a sire.
Sir John Foster Fraser, speaking here in the Chautauqua last year, said repeatedly: "There is no glory about war." The statement is true. When we see troops marching out with polished accoutrements and weapons, with firm tread and shining eyes, with movements that are measured, virile and precise ; when we hear the martial notes of the bugle and the patriotic melodies of the band, then our hearts are thrilled and we think of the glory of military life. But
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when war actually comes, the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, as the Spanish writer, Ibanez, has pointed out, are loosed. The White Horse of glittering Mili- tarism, the Red Horse of Bloodshed, the Black Steed of Famine and the Pale Horse of Terror-these four and their riders rush forth above the world. A cold and icy blast precedes them; destruction, want and sorrow follow in their train.
The men so splendidly accoutred, who went out to war, are called up to battle by the Four Horsemen. Behold them! The shining weapons are broken and rusted. The spick and span uniforms are torn and defiled with mud and the stains of blood. The ranks that once marched four by four with steady tread have great gaps where men have fallen. The faces once filled with health and color are now wan and shrunken, and eyes with deep circles under them blaze out, filled with the fires of anguish and with the horrors of what they have seen. Shot and shell from rifles and great guns whine and burst across the field of war. Corpses of men and beasts lie putrefying in the sun, unburied because of the haste of battle. Limbs blown from healthy young bodies lie decaying where they fell. There is an insufferable stench over the whole expanse. It is the breath of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Within the area of strife are towns and cities once flourishing and filled with youth and laughter, now desolate. In many homes, in many nations, there are women whose hearts are crushed, there are children who are fatherless, because of men who will never come back. Behold- ing all this desolation and heartbreak, we agree that there is no glory about war.
Yet there is glory, resplendent glory, upon the heroism of men willing amidst such scenes to risk their lives for the sake of Right. There is glory, radiant glory, upon the sacrifices patriotic men and women have made that war shall not come again and that Freedom shall not die. And if blood spilled counts for any- thing, if citations and decorations won mean anything, if utmost sacrifices made are anything, then Knox County has earned her crown of glory. The four mad Horsemen, once stabled in Berlin, rallied their tremendous hosts along the Hin- denburg line. American valor broke that line and overthrew the Horsemen- let us hope, forever. That line was broken at various points. But to the troops of North and South Carolina and Tennessee, fighting with the British at Belli- court, Nauroy, Premont, and Busigny-foremost among them Knox County men- belongs this everlasting honor and distinction; they broke it first.
And in the great distinctively American actions, the battle of St. Mihiel and the forty-seven days' battle of the Argonne Forest, our men were in the front. In- deed, it was in these engagements that most of Knox County's soldiers were to be found. They were not organized into one unit. Going into service at various times, in various units, and in many instances being frequently transferred, each man carried on and did his duty. Our men were to be found in practically every one of the forty-two American combat divisions, fighting over nearly every land- scape on the Western Front. In the battles we have named they fought with almost super-human bravery. And in Marshal Foch's great counter-offensive along the Marne, when Chateau-Thierry, Belleau Wood, Bouresches, and Soissons leaped upon History's immortal page, men of Knox County wrote their names in blood.
Nor did our men fail to sustain America's tradition of valor on the sea. To the courage and skill of all branches of the Naval service is due the world's gratitude that our land troops arrived on schedule time and kept coming till victory was won. By night and by day, facing storm and tempest and the most hideous terrors of man's invention, watching and fighting on every dangerous
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water, Knox Countians proved themselves worthy to keep company with the heroic Captain Lawrence and the mighty John Paul Jones. And for some of them the guns boomed out the mournful salute of honor, that told of life laid down for Liberty and Country.
Honor to whom honor is due! For our gallant fighting men we have no words of praise too high. They met the flower of the world's best-trained and fiercest army, and laid it low. We hold in great pride also our men who did not reach the firing line but ate their hearts out longing to go and prove their mettle, meanwhile faithfully performing their duties where they were. Theirs, too, were heroes' souls. Also we bring our grateful tributes to those men and women who served in the various welfare organizations, several of them abroad and at the front, some of them wounded. They did much in sustaining the army's morale. There was no branch of service, military, naval or civilian, in which Knox Countians were not found.
Let not our soldiers and sailors think this country will forget. For over fifty years we have held in reverent memory the men who wore the Blue and the Gray. And now their sons in Khaki will stand beside them always within the Holy of Holies in the Nation's heart.
Most sacred of all to us are those who sleep beneath the Flag, having poured out for it their last full measure of devotion. Very tender is our thought of the fathers and mothers and wives who have given their sons and husbands on Freedom's altar. Their grief is too holy to intrude upon. If we do not often speak of it, it is only because we would not tear their heart wounds afresh. But their boys are held in our everlasting love.
"On Fame's eternal camping ground, Their silent tents are spread ; And glory guards, with solemn round, The bivouac of the dead."
This volume will be treasured in many a home. Let us not, however, be con- tent merely with the reading of it. Our men fought for the ideals of Christian civilization as expressed in free America. Let us keep those ideals bright in action. Our men sang time and time again:
"In the beauty of the lilies Christ was born across the sea, With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and me; As He died to make men holy, let us die to make men free, While God is marching on."
Let it be our high privilege to see to it that the nation whose destiny they have preserved shall maintain inviolate the liberties made secure at such a price. May no force, without or within, be permitted to trample upon our gift of Free- dom. In all our ways may we acknowledge Him who brought us to this hour, as we humbly believe, to accomplish justice for mankind. In all our relations, do- mestic and foreign, may we prove ourselves a nation whose God is indeed the Lord.
Knoxville, Tennessee July 2, 1919.
-ROY E. VALE.
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(1)-AILOR, LILLARD EARLE
The first man from Knox County who was killed in action in the world war. He enlisted in the regular army September 10, 1913; was sent to the Philippines, where he was a member of the Second Field Artillery ; after two years of ser- vice, he was returned to the United States and became a member of the Fourth Field Artillery, with which he went into Mexico with General Pershing. He sailed to France December 15, 1917, as a part of the newly organized Fifteenth Field Ar- tillery. After a period of training, his regiment was sent to the Verdun front, where he was killed April 8, 1918.
(2)-AMYX, RILEY S.
Entered the service September 2, 1917, as a member of Company L, 117th Infan- try, After training at Camp Sevier, went overseas with his organization, with which he took part in all of the opera- tions in Belgium and in the hattles for the Hindenburg Line. His death came on February 3, 1919, near Le Mans, France, as a result of an attack of influenza.
(3)-AUSTIN, FRED CLAY
After enlistment in June, 1918, was sent to Camp Johnston in Florida as mem- ber of Motor Truck Company No. 527. He was taken ill on the boat, which sailed September 28, 1918, for France, and died just before its arrival. He was buried at Lambezellec, Finistere, France.
(4)-ADCOCK, THOMAS DWYER
Enlisted in Company G, Second Ten- nessee Infantry, from which he was transferred to Company C, 120th Infan- try at Camp Sevier, He rose to the rank of sergeant. After arrival overseas, he went through the fighting in Belgium in the Ypres sector, but lost his life in action the first day of the attack on the Hindenburg Line, September 29, 1918.
(5)-ACKLIN, CHRISTOPHER COTTRELL Left home for training camp at Camp Shelby, Miss .. on August 5, 1918, where he was assigned to Battery A, 139th Field Artillery, 38th Division. He sailed with his organization from New York on October 5. 1918, but died of pneumonia at Hartley College Hospital October 26 on reaching Manchester, England.
(6)-ANDES, JAMES COWAN
Commissioned Second Lieutenant at the first Plattsburg Training Camp and as- signed to Company H. 16th Regiment, First division. He sailed to France in February, 1918. Was engaged with his company in the battles of Cantigny, Chateau Thierry, and Soissons. Killed in latter battle on July 19, 1918, leading his platoon in the face of heavy mach- ine gun fire. He was awarded the Distin- guished Service Cross posthumously.
(7)-AUSTIN, WILLIAM M.
Enlisted September 15, 1917, as a mem- her of Company B, 113th Machine Gun Battalion, 30th Division. After training at Camp Sevier, he went to France in May, 1918, with his organization. He took part in the fighting in Belgium, but was killed in action September 29, 1918, on the first day of the attack on the Hindenburg Line.
(8)-BENTLEY, JOHN L.
After enlisting in the medical detach- ment of the Second Tennessee Infantry in July, 1917, he was transferred to the same branch of the 119th Infantry at Camp Sevier, South Carolina. He sailed to France in May, 1918, and went through the training period without ac- cident. He lost his life in action Sep- tember 1, in the operations in Belgium.
(9) -- BERRY, HOBERT M.
After enlistment in the navy at Knox- ville in July, 1918, he was sent to train- ing camp in California. He was caught by the influenza epidemic and was sent to a hospital at Los Angeles for treat- ment. This was of no avail, as he died on October 14, 1918.
(10)-BURGESS, ROBERT TAYLOR
Killed in action on October 8, 1918, in the battle near Premont, France. He was a member of Company 1, 117th In- fantry, from his enlistment on Septem- her 2, 1917. He went through the train- ing period at Camp Sevier and in France. In the fighting in Belgium, he was un- scathed. His rank was sergeant.
(11)-COGDILL, BENJAMIN J.
He gave up his medical practice in Janu- ary, 1918, and was assigned to duty as first lieutenant with the Third Develop- ment Battalion, 155th Depot Brigade, at Camp Lee, Virginia. He contracted pneu- monia at camp in October, of the same year, and died therefrom a few days later.
(12)-CONGDON, WARREN A.
Enlisted in the 105th Sanitary Train, 120th Ambulance Company, of the 30th Division, on October 5, 1917. After train- ing at Camp Sevier, he went to France, where he served in the Aisne-Marne, Oise-Aisne, and Meuse-Argonne Offen- sives. Sent to Base Hospital at Langres on October 7, and died there October 26 of typhoid fever.
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(1)-BURKHART, WALTER WESLEY
Began his naval career on June 25, 1906. During the World War was on detail duty with the Cuban Navy. Transferred to the U. S. Navy Yard at New Orleans, Louisiana, and saw active duty in the coast patrol, operat- ing in the Gulf of Mexico. Assigned to the U. S. S. Luckenbach and made several trips in convoy work. He re- ceived a fractured leg and was sent to the hospital, and while a patient there contracted the influenza and died as n result of same on October 14. 1918. Rating, boatswain's mate, first-class.
(2)-BUTLER, LYMAN C.
Volunteered his services to the U. S. Army on December 10, 1917 as a member of the Quartermaster Corps. Was stationed at Camp Joseph E. John- ston, Florida. Died on January 2, 1918 as a result of pneumonia. Rank, priv- ate.
(3)-ARMSTRONG, WALTER R.
On August 1, 1918 was sent to Camp Gordon, Georgia for military training. As a member of the September Antoma- tic Replacement Draft sailed for France on September 8, 1918. Was caught hv the influenza epidemic, which was fol- lowed by pneumonia. Died September 29, 1918 in an English Hospital as a result of same.
(4)-BAYLESS, JOSEPH A.
Enlisted on June 24. 1918, as a mem- ber of Company G. 357th Infantry, 90th Division. Became a member of the A. E. F., in September 1918 and was in the fighting at Argonne Forest. Private Bayless returned to the states in Feb- urary, 1919, Died in the Base Hospital at Fort McPherson. Georgia after two operations. Date of death May 21, 1919.
(5)-BOLES, RALPH ERNEST
Saw service on the Mexican Border as a member of the Third Tennessee Infan- try. Again called to the colors in 1917 and as a member of Headquarters Com- pany, 117th Infantry. 30th Division was stationed at Camp Sevier, S. C., prior to sailing for France in May 1918. Wounded in action on October 7, 1918 and died as a result of wounds the same day. His rank was corporal.
(6)-BAYLESS, WILLIAM THOMAS
On March 23, 1918 enlisted in the U. S. Marines and for duty was assigned to Company 45, 6th Regiment, later trans- ferred to the 82nd Company. Paris Is- land, S. C. was his training station. Sailed for France in April 1918 and as a member of his unit took part in the fighting at Belleau Woods and Chateau Thierry. Sergeant Bayless was last seen on July 19, 1918 during a battle.
(7)-BLACK, JOHN WESLEY
Answered the call to the colors on May 24, 1918 and for duty was assign- ed to the Second Corps, Artillery Park. Park Battery, stationed at Camp Jack- son, S. C. Embarked for France on July 10. 1918 and as a member of the A. E. F., was in the fighting at Aisne-Marne, St. Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne and the Oise-Aisne. Private Black was killed on January 5, 1919.
(8)-BURKHART, BRUCE
Began his military career at Camp Gordon. Georgia on July 24, 1918. Sail- ed for France in August 1918 and nnon his arrival was assigned to the First Army Corps, School Detachment. Priv- ate Burkhart died in France as a re- sult of pneumonia.
(9)-BOHANAN, HARRY R.
Enlisted in February 1917. His organ- ization was the 67th Company, 5th Reg- iment, U. S. Marines. Received his training at Charleston, S. C., and Paris Island, S. C. Was among the first to go to France. Killed in action at Bellean Woods on June 7. 1918, by mach- inegun fire. Held the rank of private.
(10)-BOOTHE, WILLIAM H.
Volunteered his services to the U. S. Army on April 4, 1917. First assigned to the 74th Company, 6th Regiment. Marines, 2nd Division. Sailed for Fran- ce on September 20, 1917, and was in the fighting at Verdun, Belleau Woods, Bouresches, Soissons, St. Mihiel and Blanc Mont. Killed on October 3. 1918. by machine gun fire in the attack on Blanc Mont., in the Champagne Sector. Rank, private. In June 1918 became a member of the 97th Company, 6th Reg- iment, Marines.
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