USA > Tennessee > The military annals of Tennessee. Confederate. First series: embracing a review of military operations, with regimental histories and memorial rolls, V.2 > Part 18
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The subsequent operations of the regiment until Oct. 28, 1864, were unimpor- tant. Late in October. 1864, the regiment, as a part of Gen. Vaughn's brigade, was posted at Morristown, Tenn. On Oct. 27th the regiment was ordered forward some four miles, to Panther Springs, to do picket duty, and met the Federal ad-
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REGIMENTAL HISTORIES AND MEMORIAL ROLLS.
vance that evening, and a sharp skirmish ensned. On the night of the 27th the regiment was deployed as skirmishers so as to cover the front of Gen. Vanghu's brigade, which was encamped at Morristown, and the regiment some two miles west of that point. The night was dark and stormy. The men, drenched with rain and chilled with cold, stood all night in their places, under arms, holding their horses by the bridle. The Federal line at night-fall was about two hundred yards in front, and a renewal of hostilities in the morning was expected. Day- light came, and with it an abatement of the storm. The Federals advanced on our lines in the early dawn. At this juncture orders were received from Gen. Vaughn to retire the regiment on the main line at Morristown, but if possible to develop the strength of the enemy. Accordingly, the regiment was slowly withdrawn, making such resistance to the enemy's advance as to compel him to exhibit his forces. As the enemy deployed his regiments in the open fields, it soon became manifest that it was an advance in considerable force, and that a charge was impending. These facts being communicated to Gen. Vaughn, he at once ordered the regiment into line of battle at Morristown, where he was form- ing to receive the enemy. 'About 10 o'clock A.M. the Federal forces-all cavalry -- were advancing at a rapid pace in three strong columns of attack, one in the . center and one on each flank. The regiment was now moving rapidly in front of these advancing columns to its position in the center of Gen. Vaughn's line of battle, which was formed just east of Morristown. By the time the regiment had reached its position and formed in line the enemy was upon us. The attack was made, not in line, but in columns, giving him the advantage of a concentration of forees at particular points of Gen. Vaughn's line, which was soon broken on the extreme left. The left of the line being thus broken and turned, the enemy's column penetrated to its rear on that part of the field. Then the whole line, broken and flanked on the left, and pressed by the other two attacking columns in front, gave way successively from left to right. In a short time our broken and retiring line degenerated into a ront, the Federals pursuing to near Russellville, where Gen. Vaughn made a stand and arrested the advance. Before reaching that point, however, the writer of this sketch was captured by the enemy. He was carried to Johnson's Island, in Lake Erie, and there detained as a prisoner of war until after its close in the spring of 1865. Consequently, he cannot state from personal knowledge the subsequent operations of the regiment. What fol- lows has been contributed by James D. Thomas, late Adjutant of the regiment, who was an eye-witness of all he relates. His statement is as follows:
" The rout of our forces on October 28, 1864, terminated at Russellville. The ad- vance of the enemy reached Cheek's Cross-roads, about one mile west of that place. Here Gen. Vaughn rallied a few of our men and drove back that advance. I col- lected the men of the Sixty-first as well as I could. By direction of Gen. Vaughn, I took the regiment across to the Dandridge road, to hold in check any of the enemy who might attempt to cut us off from that direction. After our force had passed beyond the junction of the two roads, I came up in the rear. We camped that night near Bull's Gap. On the 30th we were at Rheatown, Greene county. We beat up into Washington and Carter counties for convenience of forage till November 10th. Gen. Breckinrilge having taken command, we then made an advance, and on the 10th drove the enemy out of Greeneville. We encountered him again at Blue Spring on the 11th, and after a lively skirmish drove him back.
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MILITARY ANNALS OF TENNESSEE.
Another stand was made at Lick Creek, with similar result. The enemy then fell back to his fortifications at Bull's Gap, and we encamped before them. At 11 o'clock that night our brigade was ordered to cross Bay's Mountain six miles south-west of Bull's Gap, and make a demonstration in rear of the enemy. We appeared at daylight on his rear, and drove in his pickets. We captured a train of cars and sixty prisoners. At the same time Gen. Breckinridge made a cautious attack to feel of the enemy's works on the east. After a sharp contest for two hours, the first line of works was taken; but it was not thought prudent to press the attack further. We reached our camp on the east side of the mountains about 10 o'clock at night.
"On the night of the 12th Gen. Breckinridge, with his entire force, passed through Taylor's Gap near the right flank of the enemy, to gain his rear, or strike him on his retreat, a retreat being suspected because of the unusual number of fires kindled by the enemy in our sight to deceive us. When we were in a mile of the Knox- ville road, I was sent with a squad of men to learn whether the enemy were on the retreat. I went to the house of Mr. Rangle, whom I knew, and learned that the whole force, bag and baggage, had just passed. Reporting the fact as quickly as possible, an advance was ordered at once. Our regiment and Bradford's were directed to strike the line just east of Russellville, another body to strike just west . of that place, and a third at Cheek's Cross-roads. When we reached our point of attack the rear of the enemy was just passing, and we charged with a shout. The other two bodies charged very soon, and there was an immediate rout. From that place to Mossy Creek there was the most exciting chase I ever saw. Now and then a squad of the enemy would attempt a stand, and a strong effort to rally was made just west of Morristown. But our men were full of enthusiasm. Those engaged in the pursuit were the same men who, on October 28, had been chased over the same ground by the same forces of Gen. Gillem when our Colonel and our artillery were captured. Men never achieved with more alacrity or enjoyed more fully a victory. We captured five hundred prisoners, two hundred wagons with stores, all the artillery, a part of it being the same we had lost.
"Following up the enemy, we found him on the 16th in his fortifications at Straw- berry Plains. Our brigade that night crossed the Holston at a wide and deep ford six miles above the plains, and on the morning of the 17th appeared before the works of the enemy. On the 18th a cavalry force came up from the direction of Knoxville. Our brigade engaged them, and after a short conflict drove them back. That night we recrossed the Holston, and the next day our regiment was stationed on College Hill, within musket-range of the enemy's works. Our horses were sent to the rear, and we were ordered to hold that hill while demonstrations were made at other points. There was only a small space behind the summit of the hill where we could be protected from the fire from the fort. One of our men. Theophilus Rankin, a noble boy from Dodd's company, was killed here. It rained heavily. The entire space we could occupy was covered with mud, and there was not a rock, stump, or chip even, to sit upon. Here we stood for two days and nights. Major Snapp sent to Gen. Vaughn, asking to be relieved, but without success. He then sent me to Gen. Breckinridge to inform him of our situation. I had no difficulty in procuring from him the desired order. We then fell back, and on November 24th encamped at New Market, but soon moved up to Mossy Creek, where we remained till about the 15th of December. I cannot
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REGIMENTAL HISTORIES AND MEMORIAL ROLLS.
give the precise date of our next movement; but when Stoneman and Burbridge made their raid on the salt-works we moved hastily up to Johnson's Depot, in Carter county. There, finding the enemy greatly outnumbered us, our entire wagon-train was ordered into North Carolina by way of Elizabethton, and the Sixty-first Regiment was ordered to escort it. We traveled night and day for three days up the narrow defiles, along the banks of Watauga River, through a Union population. We were greatly annoyed by bush-men firing on us from the cliff's and covers across the river. Two of our men were killed and several wounded. The road was merely wide enough for a wagon. When a team failed or a wagon broke, the whole train was stopped. The smithy on wheels ran too near the embankment, and fell over, a distance of one hundred feet, into the river, taking the team with it. In the meantime it rained, and the nights were as dark as I ever witnessed. Still we had orders not to stop on any account. I have seen very few more disagreeable times than that of our struggle up the Watauga River with that wagon-train. When we reached the point where the Taylorsville road strikes the mountain, we rested a day and night; and it was a most welcome rest. We then moved on across the Iron Mountain to Lenoir, where we found friends, and where we enjoyed a welcome that almost paid us for the troubles of the way. On Christmas-day we were in Wilkesboro, where we were cordially re- ceived and entertained; and here we received orders to recross the mountains with our train, the raiders having fallen back. We moved down the Yadkin River, and pressed on across the mountain through Grayson county, Virginia, and by the Blue Spring road to Bristol, and then to Blountsville. From that point I wrote my last war letter, January 11th, 1865, which never reached its destination. Most of our men were near their homes, and we were all furloughed for a week, that we might recuperate a little.
"At the end of our furlough we were again assembled in camp near Bristol, where we remained with the brigade three weeks. We then moved to New River, and thence to the vicinity of Christiansburg, where we were advised of Gen. Lee's surrender. We then crossed the mountains into North Carolina, by way of Hills- ville, to join Gen. Johnston. We reached a wing of his army near Raleigh, and were ordered thence to Charlotte, where we met the President of the Confederacy. Upon Johnston's surrender the regiment was disbanded."
The foregoing statement, including that of Adjutant Thomas, is the most accu- rate sketch of the operations of the Sixty-first Tennessee Regiment from its or- ganization to its disbandment that can be made. The writer had to rely mainly on the memory for both dates and events, but so far as these are stated they may be relied on as accurate. The writer, having no reliable data as to the names and number of the killed and wounded in battle, or of the far greater number who died from sickness, has not attempted to state them, being conscious that any such roll made out from memory alone without the assistance of company officers would be incomplete. He prefers, therefore, to omit it altogether, with the simple state- ment that when he last saw the regiment, October 28, 1864, it was a mere skeleton of a regiment, numbering not over one hundred men.
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MILITARY ANNALS OF TENNESSEE.
Official. ] SIXTY-FIRST TENNESSEE INFANTRY.
Colonel, F. E. Pitts; Lieutenant-colonel, J. G. Rose; Major, James P. Snapp; Adjutant, James D. Thomas; Assistant Quartermaster, Horace W. King; Assistant Commissary, Wifi- iam H. Armstrong; Surgeon, James B. Pitts; Chaplain, William H. Crawford.
COMPANY A. Captain, Nathan Dodd.
Webster, Daniel, d. Campbell, Archie, d. June 28, 1863. Humphries, John E., d. March 22, 1863. McNeese, F. M., d. July 14, 1863.
Byerly, J. W., d. Dec. 27, 1863.
Mullens, J. H., d. Aug. 1, 1863.
Kelsey, J. A., d. July 2, 1862.
McGee, David, d. July 23, 1863.
Bonham, R. B., d. Sept. 15, 1863.
Barham, James, d. July 5, 1863.
Rowle, D. J., d. July 19, 1863. Tullock, David, d. April 15, 1863.
COMPANY B. Captain, Wm. F. Sturm. Pressley, James M., d. April 28, 1863.
COMPANY C. Captain, W. J. Johnston. Scott, Elijah, d. March 22, 1563. COMPANY D. Captain, J. C. Gallagher.
Smith, Marion, d. March 2, 1863, Burgner, S. B., d. Sept. 1, 1863.
Baless, J. S., k. at Vicksburg.
Miller, George, k. at Vicksburg. Painter, Joel, k. at Vicksburg .; White, James, d. May 10, 1863.
COMPANY E. Captain, L. H. Denny.
Bevins, P. M., d. Sept. 18, 1863.
Barr, Joshua, d. Sept. 18, 1853.
Crump. Wm .. k. at Big Black.
MeCrary. Joseph, k. at Big Black.
Miller, William, k. at Big Black.
Pannel, G. W., d. July 16, 1863.
Pannel, Samuel, d. Sept. 20, 1863.
Pugh, S. T., d. Aug., 1863. Phillips, Benj., d. May 20, 1863. Shipley, Nathan, d. May 17, 1863. Miller, Nathaniel, d. July 17, 1863. Almarand. George, d. April 8, 1863. Hoge. J. W .. d. April 2, 1863. - Vaughn, James. d. March 31, 1863.
COMPANY F. Captain, J. M. Alexander.
Hamilton, Alex., d. Dec. 21, 1862.
I Helm. G. T., d. Jan. 2, 1863.
COMPANY G. Captain, F. M. Jackson.
Helton, G. W .. d. Feb. 24, 1863.
Livingston, A., d. Aug. 6, 1863.
Archibald, Allen, k. at Vicksburg. Daniel, J. W., d. Aug., 1863.
Davis. Lewis, d. some time in 1863. Hetton, G. W., d. in spring of 1863 Livingston, J. W., d. Sept., 1863. Spoon, James, date of death unknown.
COMPANY H. Captain, S. E. Mitchell.
Johnson, Joel, k. at Vicksburg.
I Dunsmore, E. H., k. at Vicksburg.
COMPANY I. Captain, W. N. Bewley. I Knight, J. W .. d. March 26, 1862.
Bible, Jacob, d. March 31, 1862.
Linwood, D. C., d. July 2. 1864. Rayston, F., d. July 9, 1863. Willett, J. W., d. July 1, 1863.
COMPANY K. Captain, Samuel H. Kelton.
Willett, N. R., d. July 5, 1863. Nichols, William, d. April 22, 1863.
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REGIMENTAL HISTORIES AND MEMORIAL ROLLS.
SIXTY-SECOND TENNESSEE INFANTRY.
Oficial. ] FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonel, John A. Rowan; Lieutenant-colonel, William Parker; Major, Simeon D. Reynolds; Quartermaster, Henry Donahoo; Assistant Commissary Subsistence, J. Crockett Rowan; Ad- jutant, Pearson B. Mayfield; Assistant Surgeon, John Abernathy; Chaplain, Geo. W. Renfro.
COMPANY A. Captain, Nathaniel Atkinson.
Densen. A. J., d. March 10, 1863.
Black, Joseph, d. April 7, 1863.
Coyle, William, d. some time in 1863.
Dunivan, Jesse, d. some time in 1863.
Hays, Newton, d. June, 1863. Greenberry, Lewis, d. Aug., 1863. Newman, J. L., d. June, 1863. Standifer, J. S., d. some time in 1863.
COMPANY B. Captain. B. L. Bible.
Jackson, Elihu, d. March 12, 1863. - Malone, J. H., d. Feb. 25, 1863. Jenkins, Collins, d. Feb. 13, 1803. Youngblood, J. S., k. in battle. Browne, John, k. in battle.
Beaver, Andrews, d. Feb. 21, 1863.
COMPANY C. Captain, W. A. Mayo. I Remage, William, d. May, 1863.
. Kitterill, John, d. at Vicksburg.
COMPANY D. Captain, R. C. Rowan. - Smith, Robert, d. March 28, 1863. Drake, Willis, d. Feb., 1864. Johnson, Nicholas, d. Dec., 1863.
Grubb, Newton, d. Jan. 28, 1863.
Lowens, W. H., d. Feb. 9, 1863.
Ingram, Isaac, d. April 8, 1863.
Martin, William, d. March 3, 1863.
COMPANY E. Captain, W. F. Lowery.
Willis, J. W., d. Jan. 13, 1863. Armstrong, Alex., d. Feb. 27, 1863.
Baker, George, d. March 20, 1863. Taylor, William, d. April 10, 1863. COMPANY F. Captain, J. G. Blair. Crye, Jonathan, d. April 9, 1863.
COMPANY G. Captain, W. W. Grubb. -
Datson, John, d. Wilson, James, d. July 20, 1863. Dake, G. W., d. Cisler, Robert, d.
-
Caneghran, Isaac, d. July 2, 1863. Dodson, John, d. Dodson, Abraham, d. Harrison, William, k. Dec. 29, 1862.
COMPANY H. Captain, Samuel Henley.
Allen, Alexander, d. Feb. 3, 1863. Malone, Thomas, k. March 28, 1863.
Lindsey, A. B., k. March 28, 1863.
Lindsey, Harry, k. March 28, 1863. Stafford, Joseph, k. March 28. 1863. Taylor, Joseph, d. Feb. 23. 1863.
COMPANY I. Captain, William R. Smith.
Burgess, Coleman, (1. Jan. 6, 1863. Norris, Samuel, d. Feb. 4. 1863. Smithpethpeter, James, d. Jan. 20, 1863. Mathes, Allen, d. Jan. 13, 1863.
Malone, Samuel, d. March 4, 1863. Hill, Eli, d. April 11, 1863. Taylor, James, d. April 10, 1863.
COMPANY K. Captain, Joshua Holcomb.
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MILITARY ANNALS OF TENNESSEE.
SIXTY-THIRD TENNESSEE INFANTRY. BY A. FULKERSON, GOODSON, VA.
IN giving a history of this regiment, which was from East Tennessee, it may be proper to state a few facts about that section. The region denominated "East Tennessee" is peculiar in its location, climate, population, and products. It is a mountainous country. Its people are rugged, strong, and independent. Slavery never was popular here, and only existed in a mild, patriarchal form. It is said that the first anti-slavery society in the world was formed in East Tennessee. But, though lovers of freedom, these people were never fanatics. Hence, when the war about slavery arose, they wanted no war; they protested and cried out against it. They were opposed to coercion, but Lincoln called out seventy-five thousand men to put down the rebellion. They were opposed to separation or se- cession, but the other parts of the State voted them out of the Union. They would remain quietly at home and take no part in the struggle; but this was de- nied them-both sides taunted and threatened them. The lines must be drawn; every man was forced to define his position. Hard words and names were invent- ed: "Abolitionist," "Lincolnite," "Secesh," "Fire-eater." Suspicious hatreds arose, and this among neighbors; yea, brothers were arrayed against each other in deadly strife. It is evident that, in this section, and among these East Tennes- see people, divided and differing as to what course to pursue, part of its citizens favoring one side and part the other-and this among neighbors and friends, and often in the same household-out of respect for the judgment and sentiments of others, many times it required a heroic effort to do what was believed to be right; and hence it cost something to be a soldier. On this account the East Tennessee soldiers are entitled to much more credit than those living where the sentiment was undivided might think. The demons of war took possession of innocent and quiet homes, and reveled there until long after peace had been restored elsewhere. And yet, while there is much to deplore in the animosities engendered and the excesses perpetrated in this fratricidal war, we have reason to be proud of the courage and manhood exhibited by the citizen soldiers who went forth and con- fronted death at each other's hands for what they conceived to be the right. The descendants of the men who turned the tide of war at King's Mountain, New Or- leans, and Buena Vista, should not be enemies of each other. Let us "beat our swords into plowshares, and our spears into pruning-hooks, and learn war no more;" or, if we must fight, let it be with a common foe, shoulder to shoulder, in all time to come.
The ten companies composing the Sixty-third Tennessee Regiment Volunteer Infantry in the late war between the States were composed of East Tennesseans exclusively. These companies were organized in the spring and summer of 1862, except Company E (Capt. C. R. Millard's), which was organized in Sullivan county in the early part of 1861, and formed a part of Col. John C. Vaughn's Third Tennessee Regiment, which participated in the first battle of Manassas and the burning of the bridge at New Creek, Va., where they captured a flag and piece of artillery, and afterward in the fight at Brimstone, Tenn., had two men killed- Henry Haley and Samuel Jones. Capt. C. R. Millard and privates David Ma- lone, Owen Briscol, and others, were wounded. Lieut. William E. Meredith, a
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REGIMENTAL HISTORIES AND MEMORIAL ROLLS.
splendid officer, and First Lieutenant of this company, died in camps at Center- ville on the 21st of October, 1861, just three months from the memorable battle of Manassas. This company was afterward detached, and became a part of the Sixty-third at its organization. The following were the company officers:
Co. A: Wm. H. Fulkerson, Captain, Claiborne county; Henly Fugate, First Lieutenant, Claiborne county; Isaac Parkey, Second Lieutenant, Hancock county; H. J. Baker, Third Lieutenant, Hancock county.
Co. B: Wm. Lyon, Captain, Roane county; Samuel Saffell, First Lieutenant, Roane county; A. M. Hardin, Second Lieutenant, Roane county; J. H. McClure, Third Lieutenant, Roane county.
Co. C: Richard F. Powell, Captain, Hawkins county; George H. Neill, First Lieutenant, Hawkins county; L. L. Etter, Second Lieutenant, Hawkins county; Thomas W. Powell, Third Lieutenant, Hawkins county.
Co. D: A. A. Blair, Captain, Washington county; J. R. McCallum, First Lieu- tenant, Washington county; James W. Carter, Second Lieutenant, Washington county; J. L. Wilson, Third Lieutenant, Washington county.
Co. E: C. R. Millard, Captain, Sullivan county; James J. Acree, First Lieu- tenant, Sullivan county; A. H. Bullock, Second Lieutenant, Sullivan county; J. G. S. Arrants, Third Lieutenant, Sullivan county.
Co. F: A. M. Millard, Captain, Sullivan county; W. P. Rhea, First Lieuten- ant, Sullivan county; G. W. Yosh, Second Lieutenant, Sullivan county; S. M. Jones, Third Lieutenant, Sullivan county.
Co. G: F. A. Dyer, Captain; William H. Wilkinson, First Lieutenant; J. T. Layne, Second Lieutenant; J. A. Jackson, Third Lieutenant.
Co. HI: B. F. Brittain, Captain; R. A. Rutledge, First Lieutenant; C. L. Hutch- eson, Second Lieutenant; G. M. Routh, Third Lieutenant.
Co. I: James T. Gillespie, Captain, Washington county; J. G. Haynes, First Lieutenant, Washington county; John A. Gammon, Second Lieutenant, Wask- ington county; Samuel A. Willet, Third Lieutenant, Washington county.
Co. K: J. W. Robinson, Captain; D. K. Byers, First Lieutenant; J. P. Jack- son, Second Lieutenant, Washington county; Wm. T. Battles, Third Lieutenant, Washington county.
As these companies were formed they were stationed at different points on the line of the East Tennessee and Virginia and East Tennessee and Georgia rail- road, to protect this great line of communication, which was constantly threat- ened, as well by raids from the Union army as from the hostile population at home.
On the 30th of July, 1862, without assembling for the purpose, the regiment was organized, the companies voting for the field officers at their respective sca- tions along the line of railroad. The following field officers were elected:
R. G. Fain, Colonel, Hawkins county; Abraham Fulkerson, Lieutenant-colonel, Hawkins county; John Alfred Aiken, Major, Washington county. Staff officers: U. L. York, Adjutant, McMinn county; J. F. Ford, Assistant Quartermaster, Hawkins county; Hiram Fain, Assistant Commissary Subsistence, Hawkins coun- ty; James S. McDonough, Surgeon, Loudon county; Wm. F. Edmunds, Assistant Surgeon, Hawkins county; Jos. Flora, Chaplain; N. D. Bachman, Sergeant-major.
Col. R. G. Fain was a graduate of West Point and an accomplished officer, but by reason of age and declining health he was incapacitated for active service in
586
MILITARY ANNALS OF TENNESSEE
the field, and was with the regiment but very little; consequently the drill, lisci- pline, and command of the regiment devolved almost entirely upon Lieut .- col. Ful- kerson, a graduate of the Virginia Military Institute, a Virginian by birth, but a resident of Tennessee from childhood to the age of seventeen, and a citizen of the State at the beginning of the war. He was Major of the Nineteenth Tennessee, and was wounded at the battle of Shiloh.
After its organization the regiment was first assembled at Loudon, Tenn., and was there prepared for active service in the field. It was stationed at Bridgeport, Ala., to guard the approach to East Tennessee from the direction of Nashville (which was then in possession of the Union forces), to assist in the reconstruction of the railroad bridge across the Tennessee River, and to procure and forward sup- plies from Middle Tennessee.
In the winter of 1862 the regiment was ordered to Cumberland Gap to guard against the invasion of East Tennessee from Kentucky through that important pass in the Cumberland Mountains. Shortly after arriving at the Gap, Gen. A. Gracie, with the Forty-third Alabama Regiment and Hilliard's Legion of Ala- bamians, was ordered to that point, when the Sixty-third Regiment and these two commands were formed into a brigade under the command of Gen. Gracie. This brigade, O'Conner's battery, and a small force of cavalry held the Gap until the summer of 1863.
A regimental report made at the Gap January 2d, 1863, shows the total of en- listed men of the Sixty-third to have been eight hundred and forty-three.
Opportunity for drill, discipline, outpost duty, ete., had not been neglected by Lieut .- col. Fulkerson and the capable and efficient officers of the regiment, and by the summer of 1863 it was in point of number and discipline one of the best reg- iments in the western division of the Confederate army. In the latter part of June, 1863, Gracie's brigade was ordered to Big Creek Gap and Clinton, Knoxville being threatened by a raiding party from Kentucky. The command was then or- dered to Knoxville.
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