USA > Virginia > Rockbridge County > Rockbridge County > A history of Rockbridge County, Virginia > Part 27
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Four counties, a great commercial city, and towns and villages in twelve states bear the name of General Sam Houston, the Washington of Texas. Allen county, Kentucky, was named for Colonel John Allen, killed in the battle of the Raisin in 1813; Anderson county, South Carolina, for General Robert Anderson, Campbell county, Kentucky, for Colonel John Campbell. Carlisle county, also in Kentucky, bears the name of an eminent son of the Bluegrass State, whose first American ancestors lived on the Calfpasture. Carson county in Texas was named for Samuel P. Carson, and Craighead county in Arkansas for Thomas B. Craighead, a descendant of Alexander Craighead, a pioncer divine who owned a farm in the Borden Tract. Dale county in Alabama was named for General Samuel Dale, whose parents left Rockbridge in 1775. "Big Sam" was a great scout and Indian fighter. In eight days and without change of horse, he rode from Georgia to New Orleans to deliver a message for General Andrew Jackson. IIe sat in the legislatures of Alabama and Mississippi, and in 1831
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superintended the removal of the Choctaw tribe to Oklahoma. Edmondson coun- ty, Kentucky, contams Mammoth Cave and was named tor Captam John Edmond- son, another soldier killed in the battle of the river Raism. Estul county in the same state was named for James, a brother to Benjamin Estill, ancestor to the Esti Is who used to live in Lexington. Hays county, Nevada, commemorates the name of Colonel John E. Hays, the first sheriff of San Francisco. Jo Daviess county, limos, was named for Colonel Joseph 11. Daviess, a rival of Henry Clay as an orator and the first Western lawyer to appear before the Supreme Court of the United States. McDowell county in West Virginia and the town of McDowell in Virginia were named for Governor James McDowell. Megs county, Tennessee, was named for Return J. Meigs, who lived a while on the Calipasture. The county of Rhea in Tennessee derives its name from a member of the Rhea connection of this county. In Mississippi is a Tate county. Warrick county, Indiana, is named in honor of Jacob Warrick, who was born on the Calfpasture m 1773 and fell in the battle of Tippecance. He was a sen of John and grandson of William Warwick. His descendants figure in Western history. The counties in Kentucky and Indiana that are known as Whitley derive the name from William Whitley, born in Rockbridge in 1749. He heard glowing ac- counts of Kentucky, to which his wife, whose maiden name was Esther Fuller. made this comment : "Billy, if I were you I would go and see." Billy made his tour of investigation by traveling afoot. He was killed at the Thames in 1813. where he was perving as a volunteer, although sixty-four years of age. Two of lis descendants were WisSam and Milton Sublette, who achieved some fame as explorers in the Rocky Mountain region. Captain William Sublette built Fort Laramie in 1834.
At least five governors of states were born in this county ; James McDowell and John Letcher, governors of Virginia, George Mathews, twice governor of Georg'a, Samuel Houston, governor of Tennessee and later of Texas, and Alexander G MeNutt, governor of Mi issippi. The governors of Rockbridge parent De er rearing are much more numerou . The lift includes Henry C. Stuart. of Virginia, Milliam A MacCorkle and Henry M Mathews, of West Virginia. B Gratz Brown and Herbert & Hades, of Mis mi, Joseph M Brown, Joseph E Brown, and Nathaniel E Harris, of Georgia, William G. Brownlow, Robert L. Caruthers (not manturated), and Robert G Taylor, of Tennessee, Onion Clemens. of Nevada. James M Harvey, of Kan a . J. Proctor Knoatt, of Kentucky, Eh H. Murray, of Umab. Thema Perc , of Trichiana, and Wilham A Richardson and Wil- 1 .. mn Wa'ler. of Nebraska Clonen , Murray, Po cy. Richard on, and Walker. were territorial governor . Knott was a Scion of the McElroy family.
A to Federal senators we are able to name B Gratz Brown, of Missouri. Jame Brown and Themas Porey, of Louisiana, Robert 11. Adams, of Mississippi,
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Joseph E. Brown, of Georgia, William G. Brownlow, and Robert L. Taylor, of Tennessee, Joseph M. Dixon, of Montana, James M. Harvey, of Kansas, William Lindsay and William Logan, of Kentucky, George S. Nixon, of Nevada, Miles Poindexter and Jolin L. Wilson, of Washington, and William A. Richardson, of Illinois. Dixon, Nixon, Poindexter, and Wilson are respectively of Hadley, Es- till, Alexander, and McKee lineage. Landon C. Haynes, who sprang from the Taylor family was a Confederate senator from Tennessee.
Among members of the Federal House of Representatives we find Simon H. Anderson, William A. Anderson, John Boyle, George W. Dunlap, Samuel Mc- Kee, and Thomas Montgomery, of Kentucky; Augustus A. Chapman, Henry A. Edmondson, Archibald Stuart, Edgar McC. Wilson, and Thomas Wilson, of Vir- ginia ; William C. Dunlap, Abraham McClellan, and Nathaniel G. Taylor, of Tenn- essee ; William McK. Dunlap, of Indiana ; Joseph W. McCorkle,of California ; Jos- eph J. McDowell, of Ohio; John McKee of Alabama ; John T. Stuart and Medill McCormick, of Illinois ; Edward J. Gay, of Louisiana ; Charles B. Timberlake, of Colorado. Boyle, Chapman, Edmundson, and Stuart are respectively from the Tilford, Alexander, Reyburn, and Walker families.
Men who have held the rank of major-general or brigadier-general in the Continental, Federal, Confederate, or foreign service are these : John C. Bate, Jeremiah T. Boyle, James P. Brownlow, Robert Cunningham, Henry C. Dunlap, James Dunlap, William McK. Dunn, Samuel L. Glasgow, Harry T. Hays, Felix Huston, Albert C. Jenkins, Edward J. McClernand, John C. McFerran, William L. Marshall, Thomas Posey, Eli D. Murray, John D. Stevenson, J. G. Tilford, J. E. B. Stuart, James A. Walker, and Lucien Walker. Boyle sprang from the Tilfords, Dunn and Jenkins from the McNutts, Huston and Murray from the Al- lens, McClernand from the Dunlaps, Marshall from the Paxtons, and Stevenson from the Houstons. John M. Bowyer and John C. Fremont, Jr., attained the rank of rear-admiral. Joseph E. Montgomery was a commodore in the Con- federate navy.
A further list of the sons of Rockbridge who have reached high position in public life embraces these names : John McKinley (from Logan family). Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; Jacob M. Dickenson ( McGavock family). Secretary of War ; Richard G. Dunlap, Secretary of War of the Republic of Texas ; James Guthrie (Dunlap family), Secretary of the Treasury ; William H. Jack (Houston family) , Secretary of State of the Republic of Texas ; James Brown. Minister to France; James G. Birney (McDowell family), Minister to the Netherlands ; Charles Denby (Harvey family). Minister to China ; William C. Dunlap, Minister to Mexico from Texas ; John Hays Hammond (Ilays family), special Ambassador to Great Britain ; Alexander K. McClung, Minister to Bolivia ; Robert S. McCormick, Ambassador to France, Russia, and Austria-Hungary ;
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Themas A. R. Nelson ( Paxton family ), Minister to China; Henry L. Wilson (Mckee family ), Ambassador to Mexico; James Wilson ( McKee family ), Min- ister to Venezuela.
We now come to a list of rather less prominent names These are William Y. Allen, chaplain of the Congress of the Republic of Texas: H. S. Beattie, the first man to build a house in Carson valley, Nevada ; Major Lancelot Armstrong, second in command of a Kentucky regiment in the battle of New Orleans, J. W. Bashford ( Duinap family ), bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church; Ishom Gillam, sheriff of Madison county, Illinois, when it covered the north half of that state, and instrumental in keeping slavery out of Illinois; Edward J. Glasgow, overland trader and captain under Colonel Donaphan in the battle of the Sacra- mento; Doctor Alfred Y. Hull, editor and legislator in lowa : Stephen D. Logan. an Illinois jurist ; John McKee, register of the United States Land Office in Illi- nois; Colonel John McKee, a native of Rockbridge, who in 1813 induced the Choctaws and Chicamaugas to side with the Americans ; Robert McKnight, leader of what was probably the first private trading expedition to Santa Fe ; Colonel Joseph I .. Meck, relative to James K. Polk, who helped to establish a civil gov- ernment in Orcogn in 1843 ; James Moore, a native of Rockbridge and president of Transylvania U'nifersity ; William McC. Morrison, missionary to the Congo; Joel P. Walker, who in 1841 piloted the first emigrant family to the Pacific coast, Joseph Walkup, a lieutenant-governor of California ; William M. Todd. a founder of the California Republic of 1845 and painter of the famous Bear Flag of that state.
The writers of more or less prominence are numerous. They include Archer Ander on, Joseph R. Anderson, Marian P. Angelotti ( Walker family ), Oswald E. Brown Nettie H. Bringhurst ( Houston family), O. W. Coursey, Samuel McC. Crothers. (Dunlap family ), Maria T. Daviess, ( Houston family ), Fanny C. Dun- can ( McElroy family ), Je se B. Fremont, Ellen Gla gow, Hiram Hadley, James A Had'ey, Mary G Humphries, (Gay family ), Anne B. Hyde ( Taylor family ), I cui a P Leogey, Beniamin Mccutchen, John T. Mccutchen. Robert Barr Mc- Cutchen, Robert M Mellroy, Joseph W. McSpadden, Benjamin C. Moomaw, Jolin B McFerrin, Lanier Mckee, Lanmie Haynes Martin ( Taylor fabily ). Maud 1 .. Merrimom ( Paxton family), John G. Paxton, Wilham M Paxton, Hannah D) Pittman, (Ham ton family ), John Rankin, Edwin D Royle ( Peebles fami- ly). Ripley D Saunders ( Dunlap family ), Charles \ Smith, Egbert W. Smith, Henry Louis Smith, John R. S. Sterrett, Givens B Strickler ( Walker family ). James L Vance, Jo cph A. Vance, Sue I. A. Vaughan, George A. Wauchope, Emma S WInte, Bert E. Young.
'Ile wives of several italie men were of Rockbridge origin. They include the con orts of Leward Bates, Secretary of War, General N. B Forrest, General
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A ROCKBRIDGE HALL OF FAME
R. E. Colston, General G. J. Pillow, General Thomas Posey, General John A. Mc- Clernand, William O. Bradley, Senator from Kentucky, General Hugh L. White, Rufus W.Cobb, Governor of Alabama, and Frank White, Governor of North Dakota. It is believed that the wife of President Lincoln should be included.
In the field of invention the names of Cyrus H. McCormick and James E. A. Gibbs easily stand foremost. McCormick made a practical invention when only fifteen years old, and manufactured sixty-eight of his reapers at Walnut Grove. William A. Seward declared that this machine advanced the line of Western set- tlement thirty miles a year. Until it appeared America was not the granary of Europe. In 1836-37 there were bread riots in the city of New York, and grain was imported from Europe to the amount of 1,300,000 bushels. It is one of the ironies of history that a native of a slave state should give the free states an in- dustrial weapon which in the war of 1861 outbalanced the negro labor of the South. The rotary hook devised by Gibbs was one of the fundamental things in the evolution of the perfected sewing machine of the twentieth century.
We next give in alphabetical order some facts relating to persons of note of Rockbridge, or who are connected with Rockbridge families.
The founder of Decoration Day was Mrs. Vaughn, of Missouri, whose maiden name was Sue L. Adams. Another member of the Adams family of this county was Robert H., who settled at Natchez, Mississippi, in 1819. He was elected to the Federal Senate in 1830, but died the same year. Still another was Hugh, very prominent in the business circles of Chicago.
Isaac Anderson, born near New Providence, March 26, 1780, was the oldest of the seven children of William Anderson. He was educated at Liberty Hall, studied theology under Samuel Brown, and in 1801 accompanied his father to East Tennessee, where he died January 28, 1857. Isaac Anderson was indefati- gable as a minister, teacher, and student. His most enduring monument is Mary- ville College, the outcome of the log academy he opened in 1802. This institu- tion has modern buildings on its campus of 250 acres. an enrollment of more than 800 students, and is one of the few present day colleges where young men and women can be educated at a low cost.
Archibald Alexander, a founder of Union Theological Seminary, was one of the foremost theologians and theological educators of America. His son. Wil- liam C., was a lieutenant-governor of New Jersey, and was narrowly defeated in a contest for the governorship. Eben, a son of Adam B. Alexander, professor of Greek in the University of North Carolina, was United States Minister to Greece, Rumania, and Serbia.
Simon H. Anderson, congressman, was a son of James and Margaret.
John Bell, of Tennessee. senator, secretary of war, and in 1860 a candidate for the presidency, was a son of Samuel and Margaret ( Edmiston) Bell and was re- lated to the Bells of Augusta and Rockbridge
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The biographers of Thomas 11. Benton assert that he was a native of North Carolina. On the contrary he was not only Forn on Walker's Creek but he was married in this county. Benton represented Missouri thirty years in the Fed Sonate. Ile was a statesman of the first rank and was the author of a valuable contribution to American history.
Scions of the Bowyer family are Rear-Admiral John M. Bowyer ant Brevet Brigadier-General Eli Bowyer of Missouri. From George Poin lexter, who mar- ried Frances, a granddaughter of Michael, came Senator Poindexter of the state of Washington, who is also related to the Andersons.
William G. Brownlow, of East Tennessee, known in the civil war as "Par- son Brownlow." was a picturesque character, vitriolic in tongue and pen At the outbreak of the war he was editor of the Knoxville Whig. After its close he be- came governor of his state. He was the o'dest son of Joseph of Rockbridge.
Mrs. Fannie K. Costello, a daughter of Porter Johnson and native of Rock- bridge, contributes poems and short stories to Harper's, the Century, and the Atlantic magazines, and to the Youth's Companion. She is also the author of "The Beloved Son," published in 1916.
O'ive Tilford Dargan, one of the greatest literary women of the South, ap- pears to be descended from the Tilfords, of this county.
John P. Davidson, who died at Richmond in 1911, was a specialist in dis- cases of the eye, car, nose, and throat.
James Gay, born in the Pastures, was the first man to import blooded cattle into Kentucky. His sister was the first white woman in Lexington, Kentucky.
James Grigsby, who went to California in 1845 and was temporarily at the head of the Bear Creek revolt against the Mexican government, was a native of Tennessee, but apparently of Rockbridge descent. Hugh Blair Grigsby, son of Benjamin of this county, achieved a more than state-wide reputation as a scholarly educator and historian.
Havsborough, six miles below Nashville, Tennessee, on the Cumberland Riv- er, was once a rival of that city. It was founded by Colonel Charles Havs, and was the seat of David on College, which grew into Peabody Normal College.
John A. T. Hull, congressman from lowa, is a grandson of John who went from Rockbridge to Ohio in 1813.
James Johnson was one of the thirteen children of James Johnston, Sr., who married Margaret Bay in 1776 One of the wife's sisters first married James Gold, of Lexington, and later a Maxwell She went with him to Kentucky. Rob- ert Johnston, son of James, Ir , was born on Buffalo Creek in 1818. He settled first at Clarksburg, and finally at Harrisonburg, where He died in 1885. Mr. Jolinsion was a lawyer of high repute, but was much in public life, serving in the General Assembly, as Auditor of Virginia, and as a member of the Confederate Congress throughout the war of 1861.
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The storage reservoirs now under construction in the Miami valley of Ohio form one of the greatest engineering enterprises ever undertaken in this country, and the master builder is Charles H. Locher, who was born at Balcony Falls.
William Lindsay, a son of Andrew, left Rockbridge while a young man and began the practice of law at Frankfort, Kentucky, in 1858. He served four years in the Confederate army and was chosen state senator in 1867. For two years he was Chief Justice of the Kentucky Court of Appeals. From 1893 until 1901 he was in the United States Senate. Judge Lindsay was a member both of the Columbian Exposition Commission and the Commisssion of the Louisiana Pur- chase Exposition. He declined an appointment to the Interstate Commerce Com- mission. His grandfather, James Lindsay, was born near Glasgow, Scotland.
General John A. Logan, of the Federal army, and later a senator from Illinois and a candidate for the vice-presidency, was a descendant of Joseph D. Logan, whose wife was a descendant of Pocahontas. The general was noted for his Indian-like appearance.
General George Mathews, twice governor of Georgia, was a gallant officer against the Indians and the British.
General James H. McBride, of the Confederate army and a citizen of Mis- souri, was a grandson of William McBride, killed at the battle of Blue Lick, July 19, 1782. The latter seems to be identical with William McBride, of Rockbridge.
Danicl McCoy, Jr., of Ohio was in twenty-seven battles in the war of 1861 and five times severely wounded. For gallant and meritorious conduct, particular- ly in the battle of Nashville, he rose from the rank of private to that of brigadier- general.
Colonel James McDowell and his son, Governor James McDowell, arc else- where mentioned. Among the descendants of their ancestor, John McDowell, were Irvin McDowell, David B. Birney, and John Butford, all of whom held high rank in the army of the Potomac. Brothers to Major-General Birney were James Birnev. acting-governor of Washington Territory, 1861-63, and Brigadier-Gen- eral William Birney. Humphrey Marshall, minister to China and brigadier-gen- eral in the Confederate service, was another descendant of Captain John Mc- Dowell, as was also the wife of General John C. Fremont.
Michael Milcy learned photography while a prisoner of war. His practical discoveries in color photography were in no sense dependent on those of the French investigators in this line. Miley maintained that there were only three primary colors.
Major-General Samuel F. Patterson, born at Brownsburg in 1799, went to North Carolina in 1814, and was fifty years in public life in that state, some- times occupying high position. In 1833 he was Grand Master of the Masonic Order.
There is a strong probability that the grandfather of James K. Polk was for a while a resident of the Raphine neighborhood. The names Poague and Polk are
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A HISTORY OF ROCKBRIDGE COUNTY, VIRGINIA
variants of Pollock. Leonidas Polk, the bishop-general of the Confederate army, was a kinsman to the president.
General Thomas Posey, senator from Louisana and in 1813 governor of In- diana 'Territory, was reared in this county and married into the Mathews family. l'osey was the only man to whom George Washington ever gave a portrait of himself, er to whom he ever made a gift of realty.
William Il. Kuffner was the father of the free school law of Virginia. IIe was also the chief founder of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and the Farm- vi'e State Normal College.
John D. Sterrett was a metaphysician as well as farmer, and was the author of "The Power of Thought." John R. S. Sterrett, a professor in Cornell Uni- versity, was an eminent archeaologist in the Orient.
General J. E. B. Stuart, a famous cavalry leader of the Confederate army. and Alexander H. 11. Stuart, Secretary of the Interior, 1850-53, were of the Stuart connection of Rockbridge, and so is Henry C. Stuart, an ex-governor of this state.
William Taylor, first missionary bishop of the Methodist Church, preached in more parts of the earth than any other man before his time. Of a different fann'y was General Nathaniel Taylor, who left Rockbridge to become a wealthy planter and manufacturer of Carter county, Tennessee Robert L. Taylor and Alfred L. Taylor, the brothers who made a spectacular race for the governorship of that state in 1886, the one as a Dem crat, the other as a Republican, were great grandsons of General Taylor.
There Have been many Trimbles in the medical and legal profession. John. the congressman, was the son of James, who left this county with his mother and stop-father to settle at Nashville.
"Big Foot" Wallace, a picturesque character in Texas history, was born one mile from Lexington.
Captain Joseph R. Walker was a guide to Bonneville in 1831-36, and after- ward to Fremont in their explorations in and beyond the Rocky Mountains.
James Wilson, member of Congress and minister to Venezuela, was a grand on to William Mckee John I. Wilson, a son, was United States senator from Washington Henry I. . another son, was ambassador to Mexico and min- ister to Chili Themas Wilson, born in Rockbridge in 1765, settled in Morgan- torn, new in West Virginia, and took up the practice of law. In 1811 he was elected to Congre's as a Federalist
A'most as this book is going to press, our attention is called to a notable coincidence In the general election of 1218 Medill McCormick, of Illinois, and E. I Gay, of Louisiana, were chosen to the United States Senate Both these men are of Rock ridge ancestry, and both are members of millionaire families. The latter is not the same as Congressman E ] Gay.
XXXII
STONEWALL JACKSON AT LEXINGTON
EARLY LIFE-HIS TEN YEARS AT LEXINGTON-CAREER AS GENERAL-BURIAL AND MONUMENT- PERSONAL CHARACTER
In a four-roomed cottage, near the courthouse at Clarksburg, West Virginia, was born Thomas Jonathan Jackson. He was the only son of Jonathan Jackson, a lawyer, and he had but one sister. While yet a small boy he became an orphan, and he was reared chiefly by a half-brother to his father.
At the age of sixteen he was made a constable, but when ordered to enforce an execution against a poor widow, he paid the claim out of his own pocket and resigned his office. Two years later, and very largely through his own efforts, he entered the United States Military Academy at West Point. To secure the ap- pointment he walked all the way from his home to the city of Washington. His educational preparation was deficient, yet by dint of hard. persistent study, he at- ta'ned a very respectable rank in his class. He learned slowly, but never forgot, and would never give up an undertaking. From the Academy he passed to the Regular Army as a second lieutenant of artillery. He served in the war with Mexico, and by meritorious conduct rose to the rank of major by brevet.
In May, 1851, Jackson applied for a position in the faculty of the Virginia Military Institute. He was chosen in preference to several competitors, and entered the school as instructor in the natural sciences, the theory of gunnery, and battalion drill. It was the most difficult chair in the Institute. Jackson had never before taught, and he was not naturally a teacher. Yet in this, as in all other places, he was conscientious in endeavoring to perform his duty. He had the highest respect of his fellow teachers, exerted much influence over the cadets, and expected to remain at this post the remainder of his life.
Jackson was a resident of Lexington almost ten years. The house he lived in here was the only one he ever owned. During his occupancy it was a commodious stone cottage of eight rooms. In 1906 it was purchased for $2,000 by the Mary C. Lee Chapter of the Daughters of the Confederacy. It was now converted into the Jackson Memorial Hospital, and as such it was opened June 1, 1907. Jackson worked his garden himself and grew an ample supply of produce. He also farmed a tract of twenty acres that he purchased a little distance from the town.
When the war of 1861 broke out, Major Jackson was little known in Virginia, and still less outside of the state. Except to a limited circle of acquaintances, he was an obscure, eccentric professor. But the governor of
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the state at this time was also a resident of Lexington, and he recognized that Jack on was eminently a man for the occasion. He ordered Jackson to lead to Richmond such of the cadets as were likely to make good drillmasters for the raw recruits assembling at Camp Lee Punctually at a set hour on April 21. 1861, the march began. Jackson never again saw Lexington, and never for even a night was he absent from his command.
Frem Richmond the as yet alm st unknown man was soon sent to Harper's Ferry as a columnel of infantry. In June he took command of what was after- ward known as the Stonewall Brigade. This was a part of General Joseph E. John ton's army in the Shenandoah Valley. His first engagement in the war took place July 2. 1861. It was the affair at Haines' Farm, or Falling Waters. en the south bank of the Petamac six miles north of Martin burg. On this fed Jackson Had only about 400 men and one gun of the Rockbridge Battery. Tle fghit was in the nature of a reconnoisance. Jackson lost twenty-five men, but took forty-nine prisoners.
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