USA > Virginia > Rockingham County > Rockingham County > A history of Rockingham County, Virginia > Part 16
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ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
upon a "boom" in 1804, and thereabouts, but New Haven seems never to have reached the actual proportions of a town. The name is by this time remembered by only a few persons. One of the most progressive towns of East Rockingham is Elkton, known until 1881 as Conrad's Store. Near the town stood until recently Elk Run church, one of the oldest churches in the county; and the town is built where Elk Run flows into the Shenandoah River. The origin of the name Elkton, therefore, is obvious. Conrad's old store building still remains as one of the landmarks. Another place of historic interest is the old Kite homestead, where Stonewall Jackson had his headquarters in 1862.
In 1867 the postoffice at Conrad's Store was moved out a mile or two to Geo. W. Sanford's shoemaker shop, and named Roadside. In 1881 Elkton postoffice was established, with Jas. H. Shipp as postmaster. One of the promoters of Elk- ton in "boom" times (1889-90) was Dr. S. P. H. Miller (1835- 1895). In March, 1908, the town was incorporated, and J. A. S. Kyger was chosen mayor. The councilmen were J. R. Cover, J. T. Heard, J. E Leebrick, V. C. Miller, W. A. Gor- don, and I. L. Flory. Since 1881, when the Norfolk & West- ern Railway was opened, and especially since 1896, when the Chesapeake-Western was completed to Bridgewater, Elkton has been a railroad center of growing importance.
The river bridges at Conrad's Store and Elkton, like those at Port, have had an interesting, though expensive, history. On June 3, 1862, the Conrad's Store bridge was burned by Co. D, 7th Va. Cavalry, S. B. Coyner, captain, to keep the Federal general Shields from coming across to join Fremont against Jackson. In June, 1868, proposals were solicited by J. H. Kite, president of board, for building the island bridges across the Shenandoah, near Conrad's Store. The bridges were carried away by the flood of 1870. In 1872 a bridge 200 feet long, across the river, and one 100 feet long, across the race, were built by John W. Woods. These probably corresponded to the "island bridges" of 1868. The Conrad's Store bridge fell again in the flood of 1877; was rebuilt in 1878-9 (by John
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A HISTORY OF
Woods) and again washed away in September, 1896. In May, 1897, part of the new iron bridge that was being erected was washed down.
The population of Elkton at present (1912) is about 1000, and the town officers are the following:
Mayor-J. A. S. Kyger.
Treasurer-W. H. McVeigh.
Sergeant-W. E. Lucas.
Councilmen-R. B. Wilson, J. F. Taylor, J. R. Cover, J. T. Heard, L. F. Yeager, W. E. Deal.
Dayton is likely one of the oldest "inland" towns in the county. Probably the first house was the one built of stone by the Harrisons, and still standing in fine condition at the northeast end of the town, on the west side of the Warm Springs and Harrisonburg Pike. It is now occupied by the Burtner family. Capt. John A. Herring, whose ancestors were some of the first settlers of the community, says:
It was once surrounded by palisades, and in times of Indian invasion the people around went there with their families for protection. There is a tradition that there was an underground passage dug to the creek [Cook's Creek] nearby, for water, in case of a siege.
A writer in the Rockingham Register of January 5, 1894, says that this old house was sold early in the 19th century by Dr. Peachy Harrison to Maj. John Allebaugh.
Prior to the Revolution there was an Episcopal chapel in what is now the north section of the Dayton cemetery; and up the creek a short distance, on the ground now covered by Silver Lake, was "Old Erection" of the Presbyterians. In March, 1833, Dayton was established by law. Rifeville and Rifetown were earlier names. In 1854 John Stinespring was proprietor of Dayton Hotel. Dayton's stirring experiences in 1864 are narrated elsewhere. In 1903 and 1911 the town was visited by destructive fires, but the enterprising spirit of her people seems akin to the phenix essence. Dayton is probably the largest town south of Mason and Dixon's line without a single colored citizen; and likely has the largest business car- ried on through its postoffice of any town of its size in the
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ROCK'S
DEEKA
MAMSP
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ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
HISTORICAL MAP
SIMMONS I GAP
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PENNYBACKER
PLACE"
LO FT. HOOVER
.. SPARKLING SPRINGS
SHENANDOAH
RIVER
WISE'S TRILL
TRET
WAH 2
ー
ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
country. The latter condition is due to its publishing houses and schools, referred to elsewhere.
The present (1912) population of Dayton is about 600, and its municipal officers are the following:
Mayor-J. W. Keiter.
Clerk-Henry Beery.
Assessor-J. H. S. Good.
Sergeant-J. A. Shifflett.
Councilmen-P. X. Heatwole, J. W. Heatwole, J. H. Rhodes, J. W. Rhodes, J. N. Shrum, J. A. Stone, G. P. Arey.
The beautiful town on the North River, three miles southwest of Dayton, was first called Dinkletown, after one of the first families in the community, then Bridgeport, be- cause it was a flatboat port at a bridge, and finally Bridge- water, because, doubtless, the bridge continued to be a neces- sity although the place ceased to be a port.
According to Mr. S. G. Dinkle, John Dinkle about 1810 put up a carding machine, a sawmill, and a grist mill on the north side of the river, about a quarter of a mile below the bridge. The grist mill was replaced by a flouring mill about 1835. According to Mr. Dinkle and Mr. S. H. W. Byrd, this flouring mill burned in 1855, and was replaced immediately by the mill now standing there. On February 7, 1835, the town was established by law, on 20 acres of land belonging to John and Jacob Dinkle. The trustees were Jacob Dinkle, Michael Wise, Jesse Hoover, John Dinkle, Sr., and John Du- more. Quoting from the Act: "Liberty st. shall be laid off & established 20 ft; Main st. 55 ft. wide: Grove st. 20 ft. wide & Center alley 12 ft. wide." The old town hall, stand- ing on the west side of Main Street, below the intersection of Commerce Street, is said to have been formerly a church. Mr. S. H. W. Byrd calls attention to the fact that Bridge- water was established by law the same year as Milwaukee, Wis. In 1892 Capt. Philander Herring testified that the town had had no barroom or liquor saloon of any kind since 1854. It has had none since 1892. In 1868 a company was formed and chartered to build an observatory on Round Hill, just west of
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A HISTORY OF
town; but this splendid project seems to have failed. In 1873, the period of railroad fevers, Bridgewater and vicinity were on a "boom." In the Register of May 9 (1873) it was re- ported that no less than 33 flouring mills, 2 wool mills, and a number of sawmills were to be found within a radius of five miles of the place. On February 23, 1880, a considerable sec- tion of the town was laid waste by fire. In 1904 the corpor- ate limits of the town were extended to their present ample proportions.
Now, a word concerning the Bridgewater bridges. For most of this acknowledgement is made to Mr. S. H. W. Byrd. First, there was an old bridge on posts, low, near the water. In 1853 another bridge was built by Abram S. Wil- liams. This was burned by the Confederates in 1862. The third bridge was erected in 1866-completed in October-by John W. Woods. It had a support in the middle. On Sep- tember 29, 1870, the northern half of this bridge was swept away by the great flood. The fourth bridge was completed in December, 1870, by Col. Wm. F. Pifer. This, too, had a center support. It was washed away November 24, 1877. The present bridge was finished by Wm. H. Grove in April, 1878. It crosses at a single colossal leap of 240 feet or more, and is said to be the longest single-span wooden bridge in the world.
The population of Bridgewater (1912) is about 1000. The town officers are the following:
Mayor-H. C. Hale.
Recorder-S. H. W. Byrd.
Treasurer-O. W. Miller.
Assessor-E. A. Dinkle.
Sergeant-J. W. Walters.
Councilmen-J. H. Wine, W. H. Miller, C. B. Kiser, L. V. Miller, O. W. Wine, B. H. Beydler.
When the above officers were elected, June 11, 1912, the town voted a bond issue of $25,000 for a water and sewer system.
It is said that Mt. Crawford was established by law in 1825. In 1835 an Act of Assembly was passed incorporating
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ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
the Mt. Crawford Water Company. In earlier days the place was known as Mt. Pleasant, and perhaps also as Mt. Stevens. In the Rockingham Register of October 5, 1822, Dr. Wm. Frey respectfully acquainted his friends and the public gen- erally that he had removed from his former residence to the house of Fred. Hoffman in the village of Mt. Pleasant on the Staunton road, 17 miles from the latter place and 8 miles from Harrisonburg. In Martin's Gazetteer of Virginia, for 1835, this is said concerning Mt. Crawford:
It contains 25 dwelling houses, 1 house of public worship free for all denominations, 2 common schools, 2 taverns, 3 mercantile stores, 2 tailors, 2 saddlers, 2 boot and shoe factories, 1 smith shop, 1 tin plate worker, 1 cabinet maker, 1 wheelwright, 1 cooper, 1 pottery, 2 milliner and man- tua makers, 1 gun smith, 1 wagon maker, 1 manufacturing flour mill, and 1 saw mill. The North river is navigable for flat boats about three miles above this village,
The bridges at Mt. Crawford suffered by the war and by the floods of 1870 and 1877, and their history would make an interesting chapter. In 1895 the town received its present charter. The population (1912) is about 400, with the fol- lowing municipal officers:
Mayor-O. A. Layman.
Councilmen-J. H. Funkhouser, F. H. Lago, A. M. Pifer, J. C. Wise, M. Dean, W. F. Moyerhoeffer.
Among the various things to the credit of Mt. Crawford, not the least is the reputation it has won for enforcing law- particularly against reckless joy-riders.
The city of Sparta (Spartapolis) is ancient and honorable, whether in Laconia or in Rockingham. In 1831 our Sparta was established by law; it was a city 8 years later; that is to say, by an Act of the Assembly in 1839 its name was ex- panded to Spartapolis. In 1842, perhaps earlier, it was one of the county voting places. In the years leading up to and into the civil war it was frequently a place of muster. The present name is Mauzy, and the population is put down as 12.
A mile or two southwest of Mauzy, on the Valley Pike, is the village of Lacey Spring. Mrs. Maria Graham Carr says
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A HISTORY OF
that her grandfather, John Koontz, built a house at Lacey Spring, in 1815, that was afterwards occupied by the Lincoln family: that he had a tanyard, operated by Isaac Hite; and that he also had a sawmill, not far from his house. The great spring that gushes out from the rocky hillside would certainly have afforded an abundant water supply for such establish- ments. Mrs. Carr also mentions a house of entertainment, first occupied by a Mrs. Patten, later in the hands of the Lincolns. In February, 1898, an old two-story log house at Lacey burned, which, according to the report then published, had been erected in colonial times, and had been kept by David Lincoln as an inn during the early part of the last cen- tury. The 100 people who live at Lacey Spring are among the most intelligent and enterprising in the county.
The statements regarding the beginnings of Timberville are somewhat complicated. In 1814, when John Zigler located there, a log house, then old, stood on the west bank of the river. In the year mentioned Mr. Zigler opened a tannery, which, at his death in 1856, was said to be the largest in the county. He started a pottery in 1830, and also operated a hemp mill. It is said that Tobias Shull opened a blacksmith shop in 1830 at B. F. Crist's present stand, and that a Mr. Carnes started a mill in 1831. Early in the century, per- haps before 1820, Abraham Williamson, a brother of Dr. J. D. Williamson of Hardscrabble (above New Market), opened the first store, and the place was known as Williamsport. This name would indicate that the river was being utilized for transportation. Another tradition says that Wm. G. Thomp- son founded Timberville. He was a prominent resident of the community as early as 1833, when he, John Zigler, and others were trying to get a free bridge across the river. The place was then called Thompson's Store. It is said that Thompson, in 1837, built the house now or recently owned by C. Fahrney. About 1850 the place was known as Riddle's Tavern. For many years, however, Timberville has been the accepted name, and the town was thus incorporated in 1884,
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ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
with Jacob Garber, Chas. E. Fahrney, Wm. A. Pierce, John A. Roller, and Saml. C. Smucker as trustees.
It is said that one day in early times, a four-horse team and wagon broke down the bridge, at Timberville, with more serious results to the bridge than to the team. The third bridge, erected in 1840, washed away in 1842 or 1843. Then the river was forded till 1884, when the present bridge was built.
The population of Timberville (1912) is about 400. C. J. Smucker is mayor; Milton Whitener, clerk; B. F. Zirkle, treasurer; S. A. Henkel, sergeant; with J. A. Garber, W. B. Fahrney, D. S. Wampler, F. M. Bowman, F. H. Driver, and R. S. Bowers, councilmen.
May 22, 1909, the Harrisonburg Daily News printed an elegant illustrated supplement on Timberville.
The town of Broadway, at the junction of Linville Creek with the North Shenandoah River, and at the mouth of Brock's Gap, occupies a strategic point for trade. The be- ginnings of settlement and industry were probably made on the point of land between the creek and the river, at or near the Winfield residence. As early as 1808 the Custers had a mill there, and they were probably at the same time operating the store that for many years was kept in the old stone building adjacent to the Winfield house. The mill that Sher- idan burned in 1864 was stone, and was likely the original one. During the period of Reconstruction the brick buildings, now occupying the site, were erected for machine shops.
According to tradition, the name Broadway was adopted from the habit of the merry daredevils, who were accustomed to assemble at the place for carousals, of referring to them- selves as on the "broad way."
In March, 1880, Broadway was incorporated with Saml. C. Williams, P. W. Pugh, J. W. Basore, Michael Zigler, and M. B. E. Cline as trustees. Various changes in the charter and boundaries have been made since. The present (1912) population is about 700, and the town officers are the follow- ing:
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A HISTORY OF
Mayor-J. H. Nave.
Clerk-C. R. Whitmore.
Sergeant-G. W. Beaver.
Councilmen-C. R. Winfield, G. S. Fultz, Claude Knupp, W. N. Williams, C. E. Miller, Oscar Orebaugh.
Cootes' Store stands above Broadway, at the actual mouth of Brock's Gap. The place bears its name from Mr. Samuel Cootes (1792-1882), for many years a prominent citizen of the county. In 1858 the place was made a voting precinct. For many years past it has been a postoffice. The population is about 30.
A short distance southwest of Cootes' Store is the village of Turleytown, said to have been founded by Giles Turley, who stopped there on his way to Kentucky-and remained there. In 1903 Dr. John S. Flory, of Bridgewater, published an interesting description of the old Turleytown blockhouse, which was erected in early times. The Turleytown Baptist church also has an interesting history. The population is about 40.
In 1860 a postoffice was established at Mountain Valley, and the name was changed to Singer's Glen. Mountain Val- ley had already become famous as the home of Joseph Funk, father of song in Northern Virginia, as the place of his school, and as the place where he and his sons printed and bound the music books and other publications that were being sent all over the country. The appropriateness of the pres- ent name has been proved by both the nature of the work that Joseph Funk & Sons kept up there till the later 70's, and the character of the people who still live there. In March, 1894, Singer's Glen was incorporated, with B. H. Franklin mayor; and S. H. Swank, G. W. Shaffer, Jos. R. Funk, S. W. Brewer, D. M. Hollar, and C. F. Shank, councilmen. The present (1912) population is about 180, and the town officers are: B. H. Franklin, mayor; J. F. Moubray, sergeant; S. H. Swank, P. H. Donovan, W. C. Funk, G. W. Hedrick, D. S. VanPelt, and D. M. Hollar, councilmen.
The name of Edom appears as early as 1844, perhaps
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4
Bridgewater College Buildings and Campus, Bridgewater, Va. (Page 299)
ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
earlier. In 1835 Joseph Martin, in his Gazetteer of Virginia, mentions Linville Creek P. O., which may be identical with Edom. Henry Howe, a decade or more later, speaks of Edom Mills. The population of this beautiful village is about 140.
Another Rockingham village, similar in situation to Edom, built upon a never-failing stream and surrounded by sloping hillsides, is Mt. Clinton. According to an article printed in the Register, October 11, 1883, this place got its name about 1833, by a vote of the people of the community registered at the store of Bowman & Devier. Several names were under consideration, but a certain gentleman authorized Bowman & Devier to give a horn of apple-jack to every man who said "Mt. Clinton." And so Mt. Clinton it came to be. Before this the place was referred to as Muddy Creek, and was al- ready the site of a mill, a tilt hammer, a cooper shop, etc. The meeting-house nearby was known as Gospel Hill. Hen- ton &' Burkholder were general merchants at Mt. Clinton as early as 1833, perhaps earlier. About 1895 the village came into prominence as the seat of West Central Academy, mentioned in Chapter XV. The population is (1912) about 225.
Cross Keys is an ancient village, being mentioned by Martin in 1835 as a postoffice. There have been a church and a store at Cross Keys for several generations, and the place was made famous by the battle fought there June 8, 1862, be- tween Fremont and Ewell. The population is about 50.
Spring Creek is a village of about 200 people, situated in a prosperous farming section of western Rockingham. It maintains various local enterprises, and should be remem- bered as the place where Bridgewater College had its begin- nings in 1880.
Ottobine, or Paul's Mill, on Beaver Creek, the site of a mill, a church, a postoffice, etc., has been well known for many years. For example, as early as 1838, possibly before, it was a place of muster. The population is about 60.
Another village of western Rockingham, surrounded by beautiful farms, is Clover Hill, with a population of about 70.
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A HISTORY OF
Rushville, at the confluence of Muddy Creek and Dry River, with a population of about 60, has been well known in the county for many years.
Stemphleytown, between Dayton and Bridgewater, has borne its name since the 40's or 50's from David Stemphley, the first resident. The population is about 40.
In December, 1866, Jacob Funkhouser, C. E., was laying off a town at Kratzer's Spring, on the Middle Road. This was evidently the village now called Linville, located a short distance south of Linville Depot. About 1870 the name Etna was applied to a certain part of Linville. The present popu- lation (1912) is about 250.
River Bank, near McGaheysville, should receive special notice, in addition to other things, for the mere fact of its ex- istence, since it has probably been washed away oftener than any other place in the county. The bridge built at River Bank soon after the war was swept away in 1870. In 1873 a mill was erected and plans perfected for the rebuilding of the bridge. The leaders of River Bank industry at that time were J. H. Larkins, W. B. Yancey, R. A. Gibbons, and Henry E. Sipe. In January, 1874, three spans of the new bridge were swept away by a freshet; and in the big flood of 1877 not only the bridge, but also the grist mill and saw mill, went down in the waters. In 1874 a postoffice was established at River Bank, with E. L. Lambert, postmaster.
Grottoes, whilom Shendun, owes its meteoric phases to the "booms" of 1890, its permanent character to the fertility in the soils, the caves in the hills, and the ores in the moun- tains about it. Mt. Vernon Forge had marked the place of old. In March, 1891, it was alive with industries. Males 430, with females 279, made a total population of 709, show- ing an increase of 100% in about five months. In February, 1892, an Act of Assembly was passed incorporating the town of Shendun; W. I. Harnsberger was elected mayor, R. T. Miller, E. R. Armentrout, J. W. Rumple, J. G. Hall, J. M. Pirkey, L. D. Patterson councilmen. In March, 1893, re- ceivers were appointed for the Grottoes Company, at Shen-
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ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
dun. This year (1912) another Act was passed changing the name of the town from Shendun to Grottoes. The present population is about 400. C. D. Harnsberger is mayor; J. E. Graves, assessor; R. D. Melhorn, treasurer; S. F. Newman, sergeant; J. M. Pirkey, J. W. Lemon, M. D. Eutsler, W. I. Harnsberger, J. M. Bell, and J. L. Leeth, councilmen.
In 1893 street cars were running in Shendun. This, so far as is known, gives the place a unique distinction among the towns of Rockingham. In the Rockingham Register of January 30, 1891, the following item of interest appeared:
"The first child born in Shendun was a daughter to Mr. and Mrs. W. I. Harnsberger, and granddaughter of Hon. H. B. Harnsberger, of Port Republic. It was named Shendun Bell, the latter name in compliment of Maj. H. M. Bell, of Staunton, one of the principal promoters of Shendun."
In the following table are given the names of villages, postoffices, etc., of Rockingham not already mentioned, grouped by districts. In column (1) are names that appeared in Lake's atlas of 1885; in column (2) are the names that now appear in Rand McNally's map of Virginia; in column (3) are given figures of present population, as nearly as these can be approximated; in column (4) are given the years in which postoffices were established at some of these places; and in column (5) the names of first postmasters.
Ashby District
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4) (5)
-
Meyerhoef-
Meyerhoef-
₹ fers Store
fers Store
20
Goods Mill
Goods Mill
25
1871
Saml. Good
Scotts Ford
Scotts Ford
25
North River
North River
25
1874
J. J. Roller
Friedens
Friedens
20
§ Pleasant
§ Pleasant
- Valley
₹ Valley
80 &Rockingham P.O.
Berlinton
30
Coakleytown
30
Montezuma
Montezuma
30
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A HISTORY OF
Lilly
25
1885 W. H. Sipe
- Spring Creek Station Onawan 15
Central District
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Peach Grove
20
Dale Enterprise D. Enterprise
50
1872
C. H. Brunk
Karicofe Chrisman Gladwell
Hinton
30
Chrisman
40
1881
W. E. Long
Penn Laird
40
Chestnut Ridge
1894
John Miller
Rutherford Pleasant Hill
Linville District
(1) Paulington Mt. Tabor
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Paulington
25
Melrose Cherry Grove Greenmount
Melrose
25
1873 R. Armentrout
Ch. Grove
20
Greenmount
60
Zenda
30
Latona
20
Bruce
20
Sky
20
Ft. Hoover11 Hoover
25
20
Palos
Genoa
10
Paul
11. Ft. Hoover, a small structure mainly of stone, used in later times (and likely in earlier times also) as a dwelling, stood at the west foot of Green Hill, on the north bank of Joe's Creek, a mile below Singer's Glen. A low mound, with a few scattered bits of stone, now marks the place.
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Elkton Hotel
Mountain Valley-Singer's Glen. An Artist's Dream-Home of the "Harmonia Sacra"
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