USA > Virginia > City of Portsmouth > City of Portsmouth > A record of events in Norfolk County, Virginia, from April 19th, 1861, to May 10th, 1862, with a history of the soldiers and sailors of Norfolk County, Norfolk City and Portsmouth, who served in the Confederate States army or navy > Part 13
USA > Virginia > City of Norfolk > City of Norfolk > A record of events in Norfolk County, Virginia, from April 19th, 1861, to May 10th, 1862, with a history of the soldiers and sailors of Norfolk County, Norfolk City and Portsmouth, who served in the Confederate States army or navy > Part 13
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Below you will please find a duplicate report of the casualties in my regiment, which you will discover to be quite large, since it carried not exceeding one hundred and fifty effective fighting men on the field.
Killed-Two officers and 7 enlisted men, wounded 1 officer and 33 enlisted men, missing 23 enlisted men. Recapitulation-Killed 9, wounded 34, missing 23; total, 66.
Believing that my regiment did its duty faithfully, I cherish the hope that we shall meet your kind approval.
I have the honor to be your obedient servant,
JAS. S. GILLIAM,
Lieutenant Colonel Commanding 9th Va. Regiment. BRIGADIER GENERAL ARMISTEAD,
Commanding Fourth Brigade.
During the night Mcclellan abandoned Malvern Hill and re treated to Harrison's Landing. General Wright, in his official report of the battle, says his brigade was ordered by General Armistead to follow his (Armistead's) brigade in a charge upon the enemy's works at Malvern Hill, and he went because General Armistead ordered him to do so, though he felt it was an im- proper move to charge one hundred guns and twenty-five thousand men with two brigades not exceeding in numbers twenty-five hundred men. General Magruder's management of affairs after his arrival upon the field does not seem to have been more jndi- cious than that which preceeded. Charges were made by single brigades and sometimes by separate regiments. The Confederate artillery was badly managed. Instead of massing there seventy- five or eighty guns, Grimes' battery was sent in first and disa- bled, then Moorman's was put in with a like result, and then Pegram's. The official reports of the Brigadier Generals make no mention of General Huger being on the field, and that officer disclaimed any responsibility for the way the battle was fought. In his official report he said :
" As the different brigades of my division were sent forward into the battle of Malvern Hill, and I was directed to report them to another commander, though myself present, I was not in con- mand during this battle. As I was treated in the same manner at Seven Pines, I can only hope this course was accidental and required by the necessities of the service."
The report of Brigadier Robert Ransom, who was attached to Huger's Division for that occasion, throws some light upon the condition of affairs which left that division without a head on the
124
NORFOLK COUNTY, 1861-5.
field and led to the disaster at Malvern Hill. General Ransom says :
"In this position we remained exposed to the bursting of an occasional shell until about 5 p. m., when a message reached me from General Magrader asking that I would go to his support. The summons was not obeyed, but I sent word to General Huger to get instructions. His reply sustained my action. In about half an hour another order from General Magruder arrived. General Huger was present, and under his dictation I informed General Magruder that orders to me must come through General HInger. The engagement was now very warm and extended along our whole front. : At 7 p. m. I received word from General Ma- gruder that he must have aid, if only one regiment. The mes- sage was so pressing that I at once directed Colonel Clarke to go with his regiment and report to General Magruder, and, at the same time sent my aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Broad- nax, to General Huger for orders. Lieutenant Broadnax brought me somewhat discretionary orders, to go or not, but not to place myself under General Magruder."
Major-General D. H. Hill in his official report of the battle says :
"The battle of Malvern Hill might have been a complete and glorious success had not our artillery and infantry been fought in detail. * *
% Notwithstanding the tremendous odds against us and the blundering management of the battle, we inflicted heavy loss upon the Yankees."
General Longstreet blames General Magruder for it. He says:
"It was soon ascertained that the enemy was in position and great force at Malvern Hill. A little after 3 p. m. I understood that we would not be able to attack the enemy that day, inasmuch as his position was too strong to admit of it. About 5 o'clock, however. I heard the noise of battle, and soon received a message from General Magruder calling for reinforcements."
The Confederates lost in this blundering affair, 685 killed, 3,444 wounded, and 498 missing; total, 4,627.
Captain John T. Kilby, of Company I, 9th Virginia Regiment, has furnished the author with the following personal recollection of this unfortunate affair. He says :
" When we were lying down under the hill, in the ravine, be- fore going into that fatal charge, General Armistead ordered me to send two videttes to the brow of the hill to watch the pro- gress of the battle. The position was an exposed one, and I se- lected for the duty Joseph Prentis, a distant relative, and Mills Riddick, my nephew. In a few minutes Mills Riddick re- ported to me that he thought the enemy was about to advance, and form a new line, which I reported to General Armistead, who reported to General Magruder, who was very near me when he
1
125
THE NINTH VIRGINIA REGIMENT.
heard the report, and ordered our regiment to charge across the field. I was within a few feet of him and heard every word he said. . He was in a towering passion and used very profane lan- gnage. His actions and his language on that occasion left a very decided impression on my mind that General Magruder was quite under the influence of liqnor. General Armistead protested against his men being sent into the charge, saying it was down- right murder to have men ordered eut up as our regiment must necessarily be. From the time we entered that ravine, about 3 p. m., until the charge, I was with General Armistead and heard his protest to General Magruder in reference to that charge across the field."
Only Forty members of the 9th Regiment remained to surren- der at Appomattox Court House. These were :
Captain J. P. Wilson, Jr., Company A, commanding regiment. Surgeon A. R. Barry.
Quarter Master Sergeant W. R. Butler.
COMPANY A.
COMPANY G.
Sergeant Reuben Ruffin, "6 Jas. C. Brister,
Private Marcus A. Clarke, Marion W. Stern.
COMPANY B.
Private James W. Moore.
COMPANY C.
Sergeant Ralph HI. Stewart,
John T. Morrisett,
Private L. M. Lundie,
S. M. Wilkerson.
66
John E. Sale,
D. White,
W. J. Oliver,
66
A. Savage,
66
M. P. Whitehurst. COMPANY H.
Corporal E. Aiken,
H. Chambers.
Private H. Clements,
H. Spiers,
Richard A. Hargrave.
66 T. B. Wills.
COMPANY D.
COMPANY I.
Private Jas. E. Barnes,
Blanch Duncan,
Wash. L. Gwynn,
66 Win. J Skeeter.
COMPANY K.
Private E. E. Bilisoly,
W. B. Collins,
T. R. Borland,
66 Jas. M. Williams,
66 Ed. Watkins.
The original roll is followed in the above list, though there may be some errors in the initials. The names in this list which are not on the rolls of the separate companies were conscipts, or men who joined after the evacuation of Portsmouth.
Private Rufus K. McCoy,
Win. H. Jollett,
66 G. W. Martin.
COMPANY F.
Private James Graham, 66 James Ritchie. COMPANY G.
Sergeant J. W. Fiendley,
Private Chas. D. Brownley, Albert B. Owens,
CHAPTER XIII.
VIRGINIA DEFENDERS, COMPANY C, SIXTEENTII VIRGINIA REGIMENT.
This company was organized in Portsmouth on the night of the 20th of April, 1861, immediately upon the receipt of Governor Letcher's proclamation calling for volunteers. In anticipation of trouble a paper had been in circulation for several days prior to that time seeking signatures for the organization of the company, and it culminated that night. The following officers were elected : Captain-Edward T. Blamire.
First Lieutenant, A. T. Culpepper; 2d Lieutenant, John H. Gayle ; 3d Lieutenent, Thomas Barraud.
First Sergeant, Joseph Sanner; 2d Sergeant, A. S. Watts; 3d Sergeant, J. Thompson Baird; 4th Sergeant, William W. Davis.
The company was mustered into service at once, assigned to the 16th Virginia Regiment as Company C and ordered with the reg- iment on duty in the entrenched camp back of Norfolk, leading there rather a quiet life, varied only by an occasional alarm, upon a report that the enemy were endeavoring to effect a landing at Seawell's Point or Willoughby's Spit.
In April, 1862, one year after the original mnster of the com- pany into service, those of the men who were in camp and had not been detached on other duties, re-enlisted for the war and elected officers. Camp life had produced some dissatisfaction, and all of the old officers were not re-elected. Fourth Sergeant Joseph Sanner had in the meantime been transferred to a Mary- land company, and was not with Company C. The following was the result of the new election. Sergeant A. S. Watts was also out of the company, having been elected Sheriff of Ports- mouth :
Captain-Thomas Barraud.
First Lieutenant, John H. Gayle; 2d Lieutenant, A. T. Cul- pepper ; 3d Lieutenant, J. Thompson Baird.
First Sergeant, James H. Toomer; 2d Sergeant, William Bay- ton ; 3d Sergeant, James H. Richardson; 4th Sergeant, Leonard J. King.
Upon the evacuation of Portsmouth and Norfolk May 10th, 1862, by the Confederates, Company C moved off with the regi- ment to Petersburg and then to Richmond. While in front of Richmond just before the battle of Seven Pines, the regiment was ordered to the Shenandoah Valley to reinforce General Jackson, but before reaching there the orders were countermanded and it was ordered back to Richmond. Returning by rail by way of Lynchburg, it reached the vicinity of Richmond June 3d, 1862,
126
VIRGINIA DEFENDERS, CO. C, SIXTEENTH VA. REGT. 127
two days after the battle of Seven Pines. It was then attached to Mahone's Brigade and participated in all the battles in which the brigade was engaged.
Captain Thomas Barraud was killed in the battle of Bristoe Station October 14th, 1863, and Lieutenant John H. Gayle was promoted to Captain. Lieutenant A. T. Culpepper resigned in the winter of 1862-3 on account of ill health. Lieutenant J. Thompson Baird was promoted to 1st Lieutenant and lost a leg at Davis' Farm, near Petersburg, August 19th, 1864, and was incapacitated for further service and retired. Sergeant Leonard J. King was elected 2d Lieutenant to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Lieutenant Culpepper and the promotion of Lieutenant Baird, and was severely wounded at the battle of the 22d of June, 1864, at Wilcox's Farm. First Sergeant, James II. Toomer was appointed Captain in the Corps of Engineers in 1863, and Second Sergeant William Bayton was promoted to 1st Sergeant and held the position until the close of the war and surrendered at Appomattox.
Three of the privates of the company were promoted to the position of Adjutants of regiments. These were :
John S. Jenkins, Adjutant 14th Virginia, killed in the charge of Piekett's Division at Gettysburg.
Edward B. Ward, appointed Sergeant Major of the 16th Vir- ginia, promoted to Adjutant, and escaped without a wound.
Levin Gayle, appointed. Adjutant of the 12th Alabama Regi- ment of Rodes' Brigade, and wounded May 12th, 1864, at Spot- sylvania Court House.
At the second battle of Manassas Martin McCoy of Company G led the charge of the regiment and was from ten to twenty feet in advance of it.
It is not necessary to say anything further to establish the rep- utation of a company for gallantry and good conduct during the war than to say it was in Mahone's Brigade, for no brigade in the army, not even the famous organization which Stonewall Jackson inspired with his own indomitable determination ranked higher in the Confederate Army, and among the many conflicts in which it. took a prominent part none ranked higher or deserved more credit than the battle at Crampton Gap, Maryland, September 14th, 1862, in which four regiments of this brigade, the 6th, 12th, 16th and 41st Virginia (the 61st Virginia had not then joined the brigade), with about eight hundred men, rank and file, held in check Franklin's Corps of 20,000 men and prevented them get- ting np in time to relieve the garrison at Harper's Ferry. The Virginia Defenders, Company C, 16th Virginia Regiment, took an active part in that battle. The following account of this battle was prepared for the author by Captain James H. Toomer, of Portsmouth, who was, at the time, 1st Sergeant of the company. It contains his recollections of the affair as a participant therein
128
NORFOLK COUNTY, 1861-5.
"THE 'VIRGINIA DEFENDERS' AT THE BATTLE OF CRAMPTON GAP- RECOLLECTIONS OF A PARTICIPANT.
"On Saturday afternoon, September 13th, 1862, the company was ordered on picket duty and took position on a spur of South Mountain, keeping watch all Saturday night and Sunday morn- ing. About midday we received orders to leave, and after marching some miles were placed in position to defend Crampton Gap, Mahone's Brigade occupying a path at the foot of the mountain, running at right angles to the road from Burkettsville over the mountain. Our company fortunately was placed behind a low stone wall, the two Suffolk companies on our right and on the other side of the main road, and the other companies of the regiment on our left. The battle commenced by the enemy placing two Parrott guns on a little eminence just this side of Burkettsville, in order to feel our strength and position. Pretty soon they advanced their skirmishers and followed this up by a heavy attack of their infantry. Several attempts were made to reachi our lines, but we succeeded each time in repulsing them, until, massing their forces, we were " overwhelmed by superior numbers" and forced to retreat. It was a trying time for the Confederates engaged in that struggle. Our force was only about. eight hundred men, while it was said the enemy had twenty thousand, and from our position we could see the immense dis- parity of numbers against ns. One of the prettiest sights I ever saw was the charge of one of their regiments against the lines just on our left. It was a large regiment, with very full ranks, and was supposed by us to be the "Pennsylvania Bnektails." They came over the field grandly, the officers all in place and cheering the men onward, the men well aligned on the colors, with the Stars and Stripes floating proudly above them and borne aloft by a stalwart sergeant, who bore himself every inch a sol- dier. Half way across the field the fire upon them was so deadly they halted and threw themselves upon the ground to avoid, as much as possible, the destructive rain of Minie balls poured into their ranks. But reinforcements coming up behind them, they were pushed forward and finally carried the left of the line. Meanwhile, on our side, we had successfully beaten baek every effort against us. In our front was an open field and distant about eighty or one hundred yards was a fence running parallel with the wall behind which we were placed. The enemy ranged themselves behind this fence and across the field each side hurled its deadly missiles at the other. Twice the enemy left the fence and essayed a charge, but each time were driven back before they had gained half the distance between us, leaving the ground blue with their dead and wounded. After three hours hard fighting we were flanked on both our right and left and the order was given for the regiment to fall back. Three of us in our company
VIRGINIA DEFENDERS, CO. C, SIXTEENTH VA: REGT. 129
were cut off from the road and had to make our retreat up the steep side of the mountain, the whole field by this time filled with the charging enemy, roaring like bulls of Bashan and howl- ing like devils let loose from the infernal regions. Pulling our- selves up by laying hold of branches of trees and climbing from ledge to ledge, with the music of Minie balls continually in our ears, we succeeded in getting safely over the mountain.
"When the brigade reformed in Pleasant Valley only four in our company and seventeen in the regiment answered to their names. Nearly the whole regiment was captured, but we had succeeded in holding the Gap against Franklin's Corps till it was too late for him to march through to the relief of Harper's Ferry, and the next morning the place was surrendered to our forces.
"We afterwards had the satisfaction of hearing from good anthority that the Secretary of War had pronounced our defence of Crampton Gap to be one of the most gallant performances of the war. Certainly it was a glorious exploit for eight hundred men to hold at bay twenty thousand for three hours, and but for the rapid succession of important events occurring just at this time this achievement of Mahone's Brigade would occupy a larger space in men's memories than it has done heretofore."
A section of Grimes' Battery was engaged in this battle and was withdrawn by order of Colonel Munford after firing all of its ammunition. Colonel Parham was in command of Mahone's Brigade, General Mahone having been wounded in a previous battle. Colonel Munford in his report says: "Colonel Parham did everything in his power to hold his position, and his little command fought splendidly."
When the army was falling back into Virginia after the battle of Sharpsburg, rations became scarce and the men were given ten ears of corn for a day's feed. One day one of the men in the Virginia Defenders was noticed by the other men coming from the direction of General Mahone's headquarters with his ten ears of corn upon his arm, and upon being questioned said he had been to the General to complain of the shortness of his rations. He said General Mahone told him it was the best that could be done, that he had nothing else for himself, and that he had in- formed the General that he did not object to the ten ears of corn, that was all right as far as it went, but that five bundles of fod- der should accompany it as " a feed." He did not repeat General Mahone's reply.
The company took part in the following battles, besides nu- merous other engagements, some of which were of enough im- portance to be termed battles :
Charles City Road, June 30th, Second Manassas, August 30th,
1862, 1862,
Malvern Hill, July 1st, 1862, Crampton Gap, Sept. 30th, '62,
130
NORFOLK COUNTY, 1861-5.
Sharpsburg, Sept. 17th, 1862, Turkey Ridge, June 4th to 13, '64. Fredericksburg, Dec. 13th, '62, Frazier's Farm, June 13th, '64, Chancellorsville, May 1st, 2d Wilcox Farm, June 22d, 1864,
and 3d, 1863,
Salem Church, May 3d, 1863, Gettysburg, July 2d & 3d, '63, Bristoe Station, Oct. 14tlı, '63, Mine Run, Dec. 2d, 1863,
Gurley House, June 23d, 1864, Crater, July 30th, 1864,
Davis Farm, Ang. 19th, 1864, Reams' Station, Aug. 25th, '64, Burgess Mill, Aug. 29th, 1864, Hatcher's Run, Feb. 6th, 1865,
Wildnerness, May 6th, 1864, Spotsylvania C. H., May 12th, Amelia C. H., April 5th, '65, Hanover C. H., May 28-9th, '64, Cminberland Church, April 7, '65. Cold Harbor, June 2d & 3d, '64, Appomattox, April 9th, 1865,
The following is a list of the names on the muster roll of the company in Angust, 1861, with the grades they attained :
Captain E. T. Blamire, thrown out at reorganization, 1862.
Captain Thomas Barraud, killed October 14, 1863, Bristoe Station.
Captain John H. Gayle, promoted Captain, captured at Crampton Gap September 14th, 1862, exchanged and surrendered at Appomattox.
Lieutenant A. T. Culpepper, resigned winter 1862-3, ill health.
Lieutenant J. Thompson Baird, lost leg August 19th, 1862, Davis' Farm, and retired.
Lieutenant Leonard J. King, severely wounded June 22d, 1864, Wilcox's Farm.
First Sergeant Joseph Sanner, transferred to Maryland line 1862.
First Sergeant James H. Toomer, promoted Captain of Engineers.
First Sergeant William H. Bayton, wounded, surrendered at Appomattox. Sergeant A. S. Watts, elected Sheriff of Portsmouth November, 1861, and discharged.
Sergeant W. W. Davis, died from wounds received July 1st, 1862, Malvern Hill.
Sergeant James H. Richardson.
Sergeant Charles A. Etheredge, transferred to Commissary Department, re- joined the company in July, 1864, surrendered at Appomattox.
PRIVATES.
Anderson, John W .. drummer, discharged August, 1862, under age.
Bain, R. T. K., Corporal, furnished substitute June, 1862.
Brittingham, James E., wounded.
Brownley, Joseph F.
Brown, Eugene II., Corporal, appointed Engineer in Navy, wounded at Fort Fisher.
Butt, Wilson A., killed May 12th, 1864, Spotsylvania.
Buff, August, appointed hospital steward 1861.
Collins, William W., wounded August 30th, 1862, Second Manassas.
Cherry, 1. Jerome, promoted Assistant Surgeon C. S. Army.
Cooper, John G., wounded July 3d, 1863, Gettysburg, surrendered at Ap- pomattox.
Cooper, Clarence, wounded near Petersburg.
Cutherell, Samuel, furnished substitute 1861.
Dann, Silas S., promoted Sergeant, surrendered at Appomattox. Darden, Edward.
Deal, William, wounded August 19th, 1864, Davis' Farm, surrendered at Appomattox.
Diggs, William W., wounded August 19th, 1864, Davis' Farm, surrendered at Appomattox.
Emmerson, William.
-
131
VIRGINIA DEFENDERS, CO. C, SIXTEENTH VA. REGT.
Gayle, Levin J , promoted Adjutant 12th Alabama Regiment, wounded at Spotsylvania Court House May 12th, 1864.
Gayle, John M., killed October 29th, 1864, Burgess' Mill.
Grant, Robert S., detailed 1862, for service in Navy Yard.
Grant, Edward.
Godwin, Charles W., detailed 1861.
Godwin, William, severely wounded August 30th, 1862, Second Manassas.
Godwin, Ellison, surrendered at Appomattox.
Gornto, William, severely wounded August 30th, 1862, Second Manassas.
Hennieke, Albert V., appointed hospital steward Howard Grove.
Haynes. James K., wounded August 30th, 1862, Second Manassas, died in hospital.
Herbert, John L., wounded July 1st, 1862, Malvern Hill, discharged and enlisted in Engineer Corps.
Hunter, Samuel W., severely wounded and detailed on hospital duty, re- joined company and surrendered at Appomattox.
Hubbard, Alonzo S., detailed 1861 to work in Navy Yard.
Ivy, I. O., transferred to 13th Virginia Cavalry.
James, George W., captured on retreat from Petersburg.
Jarvis, J. M .. discharged 1861, disability.
Jack, John, detailed 1861 to work in . Navy Yard.
Jenkins, John S., promoted Adjutant 14th Virginia, killed July 30, 1863, Gettysburg.
Lash, John W., detached with sharpshooters of regiment.
Langhorne, James K., appointed Engineer in Navy.
Latimer, Charles W., transferred to Navy.
Linn, John, Corporal, discharged 1862, over age.
Lynch, Stephen, killed accidentally 1862.
Manning, James, discharged 1862, disability.
Mercer, James.
McCoy; Francis, discharged 1862, over age.
McCoy, Martin V. B., died in hospital 1863, U. S. Ford. McPherson, Noah.
Moreland, Robert, captured and not exchanged.
Moreland, W. H., discharged August, 1862, over age.
Munden, Nathan, wounded July 30th, 1862, crater.
Peters, Jas. II., transferred to naval stores department.
Proctor, Jas. C., wounded and disabled July 1st, 1862, Malvern Hill.
Poulson, George, discharged for disability and appointed hospital steward.
Spady, Thos. V., detailed as courier and surrendered at AAppomattox.
Smaw, Daniel G., captured at Crampton Gap September 14th, 1862.
Shelton, Wm. Naylor, Corporal, detailed 1861 to work in Navy Yard. Sibley, Robert E.
Scott, Albert .1., detailed as hospital steward.
Tart, John Quincy, discharged 1862, disability.
Tomlinson, Ed R., drummer, discharged August, 1862, nuder age.
Ward, Edward B., promoted Adjutant 16th Regiment.
Watters, Jas. P.,
Wellener, Joseph, detailed 1861 to work in Navy Yard.
Whitehurst, N. E., lost arm May 12th, 1864, Spotsylvania.
Whitehurst, John W.
Wills, John S., killed 1864, near Petersburg.
Wills, Joseph P., died in 1863 at U. S. Ford in hospital.
White, N. E., discharged 1862, over age, enlisted in the Norfolk Light Ar- tillery Blues.
Wilson, Wm. S., discharged 1861, over age.
Wilkins, Jas. E.
Williams, W. W .. killed July 1st, 1862, Malvern Hill.
Williams, Walter.
Williams, Joseph.
Killed and died-10.
CHAPTER XIV.
THIE ST. BRIDE'S LIGHT ARTILLERY, COMPANY I, THIRTY-EIGHTH VIRGINIA REGIMENT.
This company was raised in St. Bride's parish of Norfolk connty, and contained among its membership quite a number of men from Norfolk city. As its name will indicate, it was origi- nally intended for a light artillery company, but was never fur- nished with a field battery, and, having served for some time as heavy artillerists, the company was, finally, towards the close of the war, put into the 38th Virginia Infantry Regiment. It was mustered into the Confederate service by Major Bradford, mus- tering officer for Huger's Division, on the 26th of June, 1861. On that day officers were elected as follows :
Captain-George A. Martin.
First Lieutenant, Wm. M. Chaplain ; 2d Lieutenant, John J. Whitehurst; 3d Lieutenant, Benj. F. Halstead.
First Sergeant-Alfred B. Williams.
The company left this vicinity early in 1862 and was ordered to take charge of a battery on the Nansemond river, remaining there until May 10th, when the troops from here were moved to Richmond for the defense of that city. The guns, which were in the battery, were removed and carried to Richmond, and it seems probable that they were carried to Drury's Bluff, though the evidence on this point is not conclusive. At any rate Cap- tain Martin says they were saved to the Confederrey. Upon reaching Richmond, the company being without a field battery, was given some old muskets and attached temporarily to the 14th Virginia Regiment of Armistead's Brigade, and took part with that regiment in the battle of Seven Pines, June 1st, 1862, after which it was detached from the 14th Regiment and ordered to the fortifications around Richmond and attached to the 20th Bat- talion Heavy Artillery, commanded by Major Robertson.
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