USA > Vermont > A history of Vermont : with geological and geographical notes, bibliography, chronology, maps, and illustrations > Part 20
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Marye's Heights, storming of, 245. Massachusetts, gives the "equiv- alent lands" to Connecticut, 13, n .; votes to build blockhouse, 13, 22; votes to survey military road, 42; western boundary of, 67 ; settlers from, 86; Committee of Safety, 91; claims Vermont territory, 128.
Massachusetts Court Records, ex- tract from, 13.
Mattis, Dinah, freed from slavery,
McClellan, General, 242, 243, 245. Melvin, Captain E., military ex- pedition of, 40-41.
Memorial of people of St. Albans, 185.
Memphremagog, Rogers at Lake, 32, 35, 135.
Merino sheep, importation of, 213. Middlebury, cotton factory at, 148; marble quarry at, 148.
Middlebury College, incorporated, 155; graduates of, 155, 229; students drill for Civil War, 23S. Middlebury Female Seminary, 229. Military campaigns of 1775, 1776, 1777, 96.
Military road, surveyed by order of Massachusetts, 42; com- pleted in 1759, 42; course of, 42 ; illustration of, 43.
Mills, grist, 53, 55, 58; saw, 58, 59; fulling, 142; corn, at Windsor, 146; carding, 152-153. Ministers, character of early, 63, 165.
Molly Stark cannon, illustration of, 106.
Money, scarcity of, 125; issue of paper, 157-158; copper, coined, 159; counterfeit, 157.
Montreal, visited by Cartier, 2; French stronghold in Canada, 17; expeditions from, against English, 17; becomes a market for settlers, 150, 168, 171.
Monument marking Stark's camp- ing ground, 99. Moose, 144, 165. Morey, Samuel, inventor of steam- boat, 148.
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320
HISTORY OF VERMONT
Morrill, Justin S., Senator, work for education, 230.
Mortars and pestles, Indian manu- facture of, 8. Morton, Levi P., birthplace of, illustration of, 219.
Mountain ranges, 273.
Navigation, sailing vessels, 149; steamers, 148-149; steamers on the Connecticut River, 219-220. Navy yards on Lake Champlain, 95.
Newbury, meadows, 22; settlenient of, 50; fort at, during Revolu- tion, 106; project to attack, 108; aqueduct at, 146; church at, 146; seminary at, 268; illustra- tion of seminary, facing page 230.
New Connecticut, name first given to state of Vermont, 116.
New England, plan of British cam- paign against, 97.
New Hampshire, western bound- ary of, ill-defined, 67 ; early map of, 69.
New Hampshire Grants, contro- versy over jurisdiction and land titles of, 67-84; two regiments furnished by, 96; position of, not revolutionary, 81 ; organiza- tion forced upon, by controversy with New York, 81-83.
Newspapers, first in state, 156; at Bennington, Windsor, Rutland, 157.
New York, taken by English, 14; protest of Governor Clinton, 67; boundary of, declared by
king, 68; proclamation concern- ing grants, 70; surveys disputed territory, 72 ; forbidden to make further grants, 73 ; governors of, disobey the order, 73; court de- bars settlers' evidence, 75; at- tempts to execute writs, 76; met by armed resistance, 77; com- promise effected, 135; $30,000 indemnity paid to, 135; extent of land grants in Vermont, with fees, 296.
New York Tribune, 244.
Northampton, Mass., New York officers imprisoned at, 88.
Norwich University, 230.
Nulhegan River, Indian route, IS.
Ogden, Captain, companion of Rogers, 31, 33.
Order in Council, of 1764, 68; of 1767, extract from, 66; effect of, 73; ignored by New York, 73. Orwell, salt spring at, 146.
Otter Creek, Indian road follow- ing, 19; English scout posted at the mouth of, 24; mentioned in James Cross's journal, 40; followed by Melvin, 41 ; military road follows, 42; American fleet burned at mouth of, 96; English attempt to enter, 176.
Palmer, Governor, house, 162.
Paper money, in colonies, 157; in Vermont, 158; during Civil War, 256.
Parkman, historian, 35.
Passumpsic Turnpike Company, 16.4.
321
INDEX
Passumpsic Valley, settlers enter, 166.
Pastoral life from 1812 to Civil War, 196-210.
Patterns of woven cloths, 207.
Pawlet, educational society at, 155. Peacham, fort at, during Revolu- tion, 106; academy at, 268.
Pearlash, 63; marketed in Que- bec, 168, 171.
Penn, William, frame of govern- ment of, 119, n.
Pestles, stone, Indian manufacture of, 8.
Petersburg, battle of, 248; siege of, 248-249.
Phelps, Benajah, witness of battle of Plattsburg Bay, 179.
Phelps, Noah, spy at Ticonder- oga, 92.
Pines to be saved for royal navy, 35, 146.
Pingree, Samuel E., leads charge at Lee's Mill, 242.
Pipes, Indian, 10.
Plattsburg, barracks destroyed at, 175; American forces assemble at, 176; battle of, 177, 178, 180- 181; old print of, 177. Plows, iron, introduced, 216. Plumping-mill, 55.
Points, arrow and spear, 8; illus- trations of, 7, 8, 9.
Politics, of early settlers, 65; in- terplay of local and federal, I 39.
Poor debtors, 125; legislation for, 126.
Population, movement of, 212; slight growth of, 257; by
decades, 299; by counties, 300; by towns, 301-304.
Portland, market at, 151.
Post offices, early establishment of, 166; routes, 166.
Postage, rates of, how paid, 166. Potash. See Ashes, Asheries, Pearlash, Salts.
Pots and jars, fragments of, 10. Pottery, aboriginal, 8, 10 ; illustra- tion of, 9.
Prehistorie implements, illustra- tions of, 7, 8, 9.
Presidential campaign, Adams versus Jackson, 235. Prices during Civil War, 255.
Printing, first office established at Westminster, 156; first press in America, illustration of, 156.
Quebec, stronghold of French, 17; Quebec bill, 86; attack on, 94; lumber trade to, 149-150; mar- ket for pearlash at, 168, 171.
Rafts of lumber, 150.
Railroads, agitation for, 220-221 ; incorporation of, 220; begin- ning of, 220; effect of, on rural communities, 221.
Red Sandrock Mountains, 275. Reels, illustrations of, 151. Religious condition of early com- munities, 63.
Resourcefulness of early farmers, 192-194. Reward offered for Indians, 344; for Ethan Allen, So; for Re- member Baker, SI. Richford, Indians visit, 169.
322
HISTORY OF VERMONT
Rivers of Vermont, 275-276.
Roads, early building of, 45, 64; through Irasburg, 168; stage roads, 211. See also Military road and Hazen road.
Robinson, Rowland, illustration of, 272.
Rogers, Robert, destroys Indian village, 21, 30-34; extracts from journal of, 31.
Round Island, Rogers's party at, 32. Routes, Indian, across Vermont, 18-19.
Rouville, Hertel de, leader of raid on Deerfield, 19, 21.
Royalton, raid on, IOS, 109.
Rutland, early oil mill, brewery, and hat factory at, 146; news- paper established at, 157.
Ryegate, 38 ; settled by Scotch, 165.
Salts, 147, 165, 168. Saranac River, 177.
Saratoga, The, 177.
Savage's Station, battle of, 242. Sawmills, 258, 259.
Schools, first established, 61, 62; academies and grammar, previ- ous to 1800, 146, 147.
Schuyler, General, opposition of, to Burgoyne's advance, 98.
Scotch, farming companies of, 164, 165; settlers in Caledonia County, 164-165; character of, 165.
Scouting parties, records of, 28-29, 34; service of, 35-37. Season of 1816, failure of crops, 197-199. Senators in Congress, 298.
Settlement of new land, 147; of northern Vermont after the Revolution, 164.
Settlements, extent of, in 1760, 46; conditions of life in, 51-65; ex- tent of, in 1777, 106.
Settlers, attitude of, toward New York, 71, 72, 75; titles of, ques- tioned, 71; menaced by Bur- goyne's invasion, 108-109; treat- ment of Tories, 109.
Sheep raising, 213-215.
Skenesboro, 95, 98; capture of American galleys near, 99. Slate quarrying, 224.
Slavery, effect of, on cotton in- dustry, 154; growth of, becomes national issue, 231-232.
Smuggling, 181-191 ; cause of, 182, 183; effect of embargo on, 182- 183.
Social, conditions in early settle- ments, 51-65; disturbances fol- lowing Revolution, 123-126.
Society, democracy of, in early period, 51 ; communal organiza- tion of, 58. Soldiers' Home, 251. Sorel River, 169.
Spades, flint and hornstone, IO. Spanish money in Vermont, 158. Spanish War, 270-271.
Spaulding, Lieutenant, alleged treason of, imprisonment and release of, 86.
Spinning, wheel, illustration of, 152; jennies, 154; women's work, 206. Spooner's Vermont Journal, 18.4. Spottsylvania, battle of, 2 18.
1
323
INDEX
St. Albans, reply of, to Jefferson, 185; raid on, 254. St. Anne, French fort at, 23. St. Armand, English force cap- tured at, 175.
St. Clair, plans of, 98; march to Castleton, 99.
St. Francis Indians, 5 ; destruction of, by Rogers, 30-33.
St. Francis River, Indian route on, 18.
St. John's, sloop captured at, 93 ;. navy yard at, 95.
St. Johnsbury, market for northern towns, 167.
St. Regis, smuggling to, 191. Stanstead, smuggled goods bought at, 187 ; party from, sets fire to Derby, 187.
Stark, John, captured by Indians, 33; cuts out military road, 42 ; portrait of, 100; career of, 102; tactics of, at Bennington, 102; military services of, 105 ; promo- tion of, 105.
State house at Montpelier, 163. State prison, 186.
Steam navigation, 148; Samuel Morey's invention, 148; Fulton, 148; on Lake Champlain, 183. Stewart, P. P., inventor, 225.
Stuyvesant, Peter, surrenders New Amsterdam, 14.
Sugar making, Indian mode of, 56; early settlers' mode of, 200, 201 ; old utensils of, illustrated, 200. Sunday old-time services, 203-204 ; music at, 203-204. Superior, Lake, copper from, used by Indians, 10.
Superintendent of education, of- fice created, 228 ; general super- vision exercised by, 265; circu- lars of educational information, 265.
Surveyors sent to the New Ilamp- shire Grants from New York, 72.
Swanton, Indian relics of, 6; an- cient burial ground near, 6; In- dian village near, 8. Swifts, illustration of, 153. Swine pastured in woods, 58.
Taconic Mountains, 274. Tanneries in 1810, 142.
Tariff of 1828, effect of, on wool growing, 214.
Tavern, typical old, illustration of, 64; old turnpike, illustration of, 21I.
Taxes, worked out, paid in kind, 53
Teachers, in first schools, 62 ; first school for training of, 155 ; asso- ciation of, organized, 229; insti- tutes held for, 265.
Ten Eyck, sheriff, repelled at Breakenridge's farm, 77.
Ticonderoga, evacuation of, by French, 29 ; captured by Green Mountain Boys, 91-93; results of capture of, 94; threatened by Carleton, 96; recaptured by Burgoyne, 98.
Titles annulled in the New Ilamp- shire Grants, 71. Tolls, 53, 56 ; tollgate, 146. Topics for research and review, 282-285.
324
HISTORY OF VERMONT
Tories, raids of, 108-109; treat- ment of, 109.
Towns, decline of hill, 211; list of, with population, 301-304. Tracy, M. de, builds forts, 22-23. Transition, periods of, 196; at middle of last century, 210-211. Transportation, in colonial epoch, 141; by canal, 217; effects of railroads on, 221.
Trees, 35.
Trial at Albany, 75.
Troy, N.Y., markets at, 144, 145. Troy, Vt., visited by Indians in 1799, 168.
Turnpikes, 162-163; Passumpsic Turnpike Company, 164.
Underhill, skirmish with smugglers at, 189.
Unions, East and West, 127-130, 134, 137. University of Vermont, incor- porated in 1791, 155; during War of 1812, 155; graduates of, 155, 229-230, 238.
Valleys, settled later than. hills, 21I.
Vermont, discovery of, events con- temporaneous with, 2; traversed by Indian war parties, 15; coun- ties of, under New York, 74; participation of, in Revolution, 90-110 ; advantage to, from Rev- olution, 109-11I, 114; declares her independence, 111, 115, 117- 119; self-government of, 112; constitutional conventions of, 113-117, 119n. ; an independent
republic, 120-139 ; internal con- ditions from 1777 to 1791, 120- 126; flag of, illustration of, 121; life in, during Revolution, 121- 122 ; union with New Hampshire towns, 127 ; controversy of, with New Hampshire, 127-130; ne- gotiations with the British, 1 30- 133, 137; East and West unions dissolved, 134; admission of, 134, 135; settles New York claim, 135; latitude, longitude, length, width, area, 273. Vermont Gazette, 125, 156. Versatility of early settlers, 52, 192-194.
Walloomsac Valley, 47.
Warm, Captain de, builds fort at Chimney Point, 24.
Warner, Seth, 92; captures Crown Point, 93; commander of regi- ment, 94; service of, in Canada, 94; commands rear guard at Hubbardton, 99; service of, at Bennington, 102, 104.
War of 1812, 172-191 ; situation of northern Vermont in, 173- 174; preparation for, in Chani- plain Valley, 174; national re- verses, 174 ; first naval action on Lake Champlain, 175; compari- son of English and American fleets, 181; retreat of British from Plattsburg, 181.
Washington, D.C., fighting in vicin- ity of, by Vermont troops, 240. Washington, George, letter from, on conditions in Vermont, 133. Water courses, utility of, 43.
325
INDEX
Weaving, at home, 151 ; women's work, 206; professional weav- ers, 207.
Wentworth, Governor Benning, 66; illustration of, 67; grants made by, 47, 67, 68, 70.
Westminster, assembly at, 88; constitutional conventions at, 114, 115; printing office at, 156.
" Westminster Massacre," 84-89. Westward movement, 256. Weybridge, raid on, 108.
Wheat, raising, 145; market at New York for, 145; market at Montreal for, 151.
Whisky distilleries in 1810, 141. Whitcomb, Lieutenant, 108.
Whitelaw, General, letter of, 38. Whitney, Eli, 153.
Wilderness, battle of, 248.
Williams, Dr., of Rutland, 156. Windsor, constitutional conven- tions at, 116-117; corn mill at, 146; early newspaper at, 157.
Winooski River, Indian route, 19; smugglers in the, 186.
Witherspoon, Rev. John, sells land in Ryegate, 165.
Women, status of, in early com- munities, 60-61.
Wool, 151; carding of, 152; in 1810, 153; cards, illustrations of, 150, 207 ; prices of, 214.
Wooster, commander of American army in Canada, 94.
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