USA > Vermont > Records of the Council of Safety and Governor and Council of the State of Vermont, to which are prefixed the records of the General Conventions from July 1775 to December 1777, Vol. I > Part 20
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I am Dr. Gen1. your most Obedient Humble Servant, JONAS FAY.
Brigadier General Stark.
STATE OF VERMONT, IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, Bennington, 20th Septr. 1777.
A gentleman an acquaintance of mine was last evening in Council from the Enemies Head Quarters, Monday Evening last, who has had Such an acquaintance among them for some time past as to put it in his Power to Learn their Strength and Situation very nearly. They consist of Six British Regimts. which ammt. to nearly 3,000, & about the same
Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778. 175
number of Foreign Troops Exclusive of Tories. They Have Six weeks Provisions which they keep constantly on board their Water Craft. The gentleman learns further that they seem disposed to Risque all on one desperate action. The Front of their Army expect to Winter in Al- bany if General How penetrates up North River. if not at Ticonderoga & there rear in Canada. Any thing in the Power of this Council is always Ready at your Command.
I have honor to be Dr. Gen1. by order,
Your most Obedient Humble Servant,
JONAS FAY, V. P.
N. B. By a person this Instant arrived from Fort George, only 30 men are at that place, & 2 gun boats Lye anchored at a distance from Land, & that the Enemy have not more than 3 Weeks Provisions.
Honble Majr. General Gates.
BENNINGTON, 21 September 1777.
CIRCULAR LETTER.
To all Gentlemen Concerned:
The Council enclose a Copy of the Honble Gen. Gates Particular & Positive orders of this days date to you, which he requests may be forwarded to you with the Greatest Speed. It Seemes assistance can never be more Wanted than at this Critical Moment. The Armies are now in such position as renders it Impossible for the Enemy to avoid an Action. It is a thing almost Impossible for them to retreat, therefore if you will now Instantly give your assistants, you never can have it in your power to do yourselves & your Country a Greater Ser- vice. So favourable a prospect of success in the Northern Department never before appeared. Pray exert yourselves this once & the Matter cannot Ditain you Long.
I am Dr. Gentlemen with Great anxiety (by order of the Council) Your Most Obt, Humble Servt.
THOR. CHITTENDEN, P. JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Copy examd.
Jos. FAY, Sec'y.
BENNINGTON. 6 o clock 21t Septr. 1777.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, date above. S
Dear General .- Your particular Orders by Major Cochran has been duly Recd. & Copies thereof have been inclosed and forwarded to every necessary part, with orders to have them forwarded without one Mo- ments Loss of Time.
The Council are very anxiously concerned for your honors Welfare, and the General may absolutely rest assured that no one thing shall be Wanting that is in their Power to Grant every assistants.
I am Dr. General by order of Council Your most Obedient Humble Servant,
THOS. CHITTENDEN, P.
Honble Majr. Gen'. Gates.
Copy Examd. JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
176 Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778.
BENNINGTON, 22ª September 1777.
Dear General,-I am directed by the Council to inform you, that the Rangers of this State under the Command of Colo. Samuel Herrick in Conjunction with Colo. John Brown of Pittsfield, have the Command of Lake George & the Enemies Water Craft, as also Mount Defiance, Hope, & the French Lines By Ticonderoga, Skeensboro &c. Have Taken 2 Captains, 9 Subalterns, 143 Rank & non commissioned officers, 119 Canadians, 20 artificers-293 Total-And one hundred of our pris- oners Released, a quantity of Provisions & a number of Armes, out of which the one hundred Prisoners Just Mentioned who were Taken in the action at Hughbarton [Hubbardton] were furnished & now act in Conjunction with Colonels Herrick & Brown. The enemies Water Craft Consist of 200 Battous & one Armed Sloop. Last friday an action Ensued between Generals Gates & Burgoyne. General Arnold with his Division attacked a Division of Burgoyne, in which General Arnold gained the Ground, when the Enemy were reinforced by the main body, when General Arnold was obliged to Retreat, but being Reinforced, Recovered his own so that the Ground remained 8 o'clock yesterday di- vided between them, none Gained on Either Side, & the dead unbu- ried; this acet. came by express from General Gatess Head Quarters yes- terday afternoon, by Majr. Cochran. who returns this Morning with the Honble Major General Lincoln. The Major adds that the Loss in this Action is Computed by the best accounts at between 2 & 300 killed & Wounded, & the Enemies Loss at 1000 killed wounded & Taken pris- oners. Among the Wounded is Gen. Burgoyne, thot in the Bowels. Their loss is of the British Troops. The Cannon was again heard yes- terday, but no particular aect. of the Execution has yet Transpired. The Enemy Seem determined to risque all at once, as it is reported they have the whole of their Stores & other necessaries with them, & cut away the Bridges behind them as they advanced. They keep their Provisions constantly on Board their Boats in the North River.
I have the Honor to be with the Council's best Compliments by order your honors most Obedient Humble Servant,
JOSEPHI FAY, Sec'y.
Honble General Wolcott.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 22 Septr. 1777.
This may certify that Libens Armstrong has Dilivered one Load of Boards which he Brought from Phisters Mills.1 Also that he Carried one Load of Provisions from this up to the lines at Cochran's House in this place on the 16th of August Last for the use of the Army.
By order, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
1 Francis Pfister, who had been an officer in the Royal American Regi- ment in 1760, retired from the army and settled near Hoosick four cor- ners. He commanded the Tories, as Colonel, in the battle of Benning- ton, and was mortally wounded. Hon. L. B. Armstrong of Dorset has Col. Pfister's first commission, dated Sept. 18, 1760, his draughting in- struments, and a beautifully drawn map of the route from St. Johns via Lake George and the Hudson to New York city .- Vt. Hist. Mag., vol. I, pp. 154-158, 186.
Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778. 177
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 22 Septr. 1777.
Samuel Williams is permitted to pass and repass unmolested as he has been examined before this Council.1
By order, THOMAS CHITTENDEN, Pres't.
1 Rev. SAMUEL WILLIAMS, LL. D., was born in Waltham, Mass., about 1740; graduated at Harvard in 1761; was ordained minister of Bradford, Mass .. Nov. 20, 1765, where he remained until he became pro- fessor of mathematics and natural philosophy in Harvard, which office he held until 1788, when he resigned and removed to Rutland, Vermont. The last date is given from Blake's Biographical Dictionary, not without a strong suspicion that it should be an earlier date. Dr. Williams was elected to the General Assembly for Rutland in 1783-15, 1787-'95, and 1798-9-in all fourteen years. He was a member of the Governor's Conncil in 1795-'98-four years, in two of which he had been elected to the House also. He was judge of Rutland county court 1790 to 1797, eight years; and in 1794 he preached the election sermon. For a time he served as editor of the Rutland Herald, established in 1792; in 1794 he published the Natural and Civil History of Vermont in one volume octavo of 416 pages, which was extended in 1808 to two volumes of 1003 pages; and in 1795-'6 he published the Rural Magazine, comprising two octavo volumes. He is entitled to honor as one of the founders of the University of Vermont, for, said President JOHN WHEELER in his his- torical discourse, Aug. 1, 1854, " the creative mind of Dr. Samuel Will- iams, and the reflective and profound mind of Judge [Samuel] Hitch- cock, [two graduates of Harvard, ] had worked for the University of Ver- mont, and in it." He was unquestionably the most learned man of Vermont in his day, and for his labors and influence in behalf of educa- tion and piety, he was also one of the most useful. "Dr. Williams's History of Vermont," said ZADOCK THOMPSON, " though diffuse in style and embracing much foreign matter, will long continue our standard work." Dr. Williams's greatest fault as historian was, that he did not duly appreciate the high privilege of writing for posterity; hence he omitted many interesting facts known generally in his day, which are now unknown. He could have given us the details of the Conventions of 1777 at Windsor, a full history of the Constitution, a clearer explana- tion of the Haldimand correspondence, and pen-portraits at least of every actor in the Council of Safety, and of our first Governor, whose features now would be stamped upon the memory of every Vermonter, if he could but know them, as indelibly as are those of George Wash- ington, who was Chittenden's friend and correspondent in the period of his severest trials. Of the History, Rev. Dr. BLAKE said: " It was es- teemed the best historical work which had appeared in the country at the time of its publication, and received high encomiums from some of the philosophers of Europe." Dr. JOHN A. GRAIIAM was a resident of Rutland for awhile preceding 1797, and was personally acquainted with
178 Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778.
IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, Sept. 22, 1777.
To Captain Jonas Galusha, Sir,-You are hereby directed to repair, with fifty men of the Militia of Col. Moses Robinson's Regiment, now under your Command, to the Honble Major General Gates' Head Quar- ters, who is Commander in Chief of the Northern Department. You will on your arrival put yourself under his immediate Command, where you will receive orders, during the Time you are Engaged for, unless sooner discharged by him, or some other Continental officer Command- ing the Northern Department, during which time, you will strictly ad- here to & follow such orders and directions as you shall from time to time receive from your superior officers.
Sir,-You being the next officer in Command, and Captain Galusha being unable to Attend the Service, will Take the above command, and see the orders duly executed.
By order of Council,
JOSEPHI FAY, Sec'y.
To Lieut. William Hutchins.
IN COUNCIL, Bennington, 23d Sept. 1777.
Dear Sir, -This moment reed. your favour of this days date requesting horses & Emty Baggs to be forwarded with Expedition, in consequence of which we have Granted press Warrants to procure them Without Loss of Time, & will be on Tomorrow. I am, sir, with Esteem, by order of Council, Your most Obedient Humble Servant, JOSEPHI FAY, Sec'y.
Col. B. Simonds.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 24th Septr 1777. To Mr. Conner,-You are hereby ordered to Diliver to Mr. William
Dr. Williams, of whom he said in his Descriptive Sketch of the Present State of Vermont, London, 1797, p. 66:
Of Samuel Williams. LL. D., member of the Meteorological Society in Germany, of the Philosophical Society in Philadelphia, and of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Massachusetts, it may with propriety be said, that he is the most enlightened man in the State in every branch of Philosophy and Polite Learning; and it is doing him no more than justice to say, there are very few in the United States possessed of greater abilities, or more extensive information: added to which, he is a most excellent orator, and always speaks in a manner best adapted to the understanding and capacity of those whom he addresses. In the year 1794 the Doctor wrote and published the Natural History of Ver- mont, executed much to his honor, and to the great satisfaction of all Naturalists. In politeness, ease, and elegance of manners. Dr. Williams is not inferior to the most polished English Gentleman.
Graham's volume is chiefly interesting for its personal gossip and sketches, of which the above is one of the best. It is to be regretted that he did not live in Vermont years earlier and give more details of the personal history and characteristics of the actors in the tragic and comic scenes which abounded in Vermont's earliest days. Dr. Williams died in January 1817. The writer is not sure that the vote of the Coun- cil refers to the Doctor, though it is very probable that he visted Ver- mont at that time, perhaps to examine the field of his intended labors.
Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778. 179
Broomly his cow that you have in your Keeping, as I am informed your cow is in Shaftsbury and can drive her home.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 24 September, 1777.
Whereas Complaint has been made to this Council by Doct. Nathaniel Dickinson,1 that he is not provided with necessaries, such as Medison, Spirits, &c. for the use of the Wounded under his direction and care, tho application has been sundry times made, we therefore think proper, & do hereby appoint Mr. Nathan Clark to wait on you to Enquire into the afair.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Doctr Hogan.2
William Haviland is permitted to pass to see his Brother a prisoner in the State of N. York.
By order, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y. To whom it may Concern.
Nathaniel Mallery is permitted to join Capt. Smiths company as he has engaged to Take Arms in the defence of the Liberties of America. By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL, 24 Septr 1777.
James Lee is permitted to pass from this to his home in the district of Ira in the State of Vermont. By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Benjamin Lee is Permitted to pass from this to his home in the Dis- trict of Ira in the State of Vermont.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 24th Sept. 1777.
Bennett Bardsley Sentenced to pay a fine of fifteen pounds to satisfy the judgment of this Council against him for Enimical Conduct towards the United States.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Date above recd the sum of £15 in full of the above judgment as pr Certificate given to him.
pr. JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 24 September, 1777. In consequence of a Letter Reed from Colonel Benjamin Simonds [ Simmons] for horses to forward flour to the relief of Gen' Warner at Tyconderoga we have granted Warrants to procure them with all Expe- dition.3
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
1 A resident of Bennington from 1766 to 1790.
2 Supposed to be the officer at the head of the medical branch in the Northern Department.
3 Col. Simmons is supposed to have been in command of militia from Berkshire County, Mass., mentioned by Gen. Stark, Warner, &c., in con- nection with Bennington battle. In 1780 the town of Lincoln was granted to Col. Benjamin Simmons and company .- See Vt. Hist. Soc. Collections, vol. I.
180 Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778.
To Captain Nathan Smith:
Sir, -You are hereby required to March with the men under your Command to Pawlet on horseback, where you will apply to Colonel Simonds [ Simmons] for a horse Load of Flour to Each man & horse. You furnish bags sufficient for such purpose.
By order of Council, THOS. CHITTENDEN, Pres't.
To Capt. Ebenezer Wood:
Sir,-You are hereby required to take the charge of the men, horses, and Bags, ordered from this Town & proceed without one minutes loss of time to Pawlet where you will apply to Colonel Benjamin Simonds for a Load of flour for each horse, and proceed to General Warner with the same if Colo. Simonds shall judge proper. When you return. you are to take especial Care that the Horses & Baggs be returned to their proper owners.
JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 24 Septr 1777.
Pursuant to a Complaint made to this Council by Henry Snyder for two horses stole as will appear by the Complaint on file.
Sergt John Bean and Alexander Gordon being apprehended & brought before this Council, acknowledge themselves Guilty of stealing sª Horses.
Therefore this Council having Taken into consideration their cases, do judge by the evidence and their own Confession that the act was theft, an attrocious Crime that demands (by the law of God & man) that the prisoner or the persons found Guilty should be made a public Example of to Deter people from such vicious practices. The Council unwilling to see any person suffer, are nevertheless constrained in duty to themselves and constituents to order that the said John Bean & Alexander Gordon Receive each 39 Lashes on the naked back at the Liberty pole in this place to satisfy the Complaint. & be discharged. Mr. Josiah Brush the Officer appointed to Execute this Warrant is appointed to see this judg- ment put in Immediate Execution.
By order of Council. THOS. CHITTENDEN, Pres't.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY. 24 Septr 1777.
Henry Snyder appeared before this Council, & acknowledged to have reed Eighteen pounds Eighteen shillings for the damage & Cost of Recovering his Horses.
Therefore the Council on Reconsideration of the case of John Bean and Alexander Gordon have thought fit to Take off the corporal punish- ment, & discharge them on their paying to the Council as an acknowl- edgment to the public a fine of Five pounds & nine shillings Cost, & receive a Reprimand from the Honbl the president of this Council.
By order, THOS. CHITTENDEN, Pres't. Recd in full satisfaction of the above judgment. JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Ebenezerr Willoughby is permitted Leave of Absence for one week then to return & Diliver himself to this Council.
By order, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY. Bennington. 24 Sept. 1777.
Dear General,-The Council have reed certain intelligence this morn- ing that a very considerable Number of the Militia from the Eastern
Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778. 181
States are now on their March to your assistance. Several companies have passed this place this Morning for the above purpose. The bearer Captain Angel will be able to Give your honor further intelligence in the Matter. The Council are every moment Anxious to know your honor's present Situation, your wants (if any) and wheather they be Such as in their power to relieve.
I have the honor to be, Dr General, Your most Obedient Humble Servant, By order of Council,
THOS. CHITTENDEN, P. The Honble Major Gent Gates.
BENNINGTON, 24 Sept. 1777.
Dear Sir,-Agreeable to yor request Reced Last Evening, the Council sends yon such assistants as you desired. They will remain with you a reasonable Time to effeet the business for which they were sent. You will please to Give them such Instructions from time to Time as you may Judge most advantageous to the public Good. The Council rejoyce at the Success of the Northern Troops. Wish your further success.
I have the honor to be, Dr Sir, by order of Council, Your most Obedient Humble Servant, THOS. CHITTENDEN, Pres't. Colo Simonds. [Simmons.]
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 25 September, 1777.
In consequence of a Letter this day Recd. from Colonels [John] Brown 1 & [Samuel] Herrick requesting Teams to be sent to bring on
1 Feb. 15, 1775, the provincial congress of Massachusetts directed the Boston committee to open a correspondence with the province of Que- bec, to counteract unfriendly influences there. This committee sent JOHN BROWN, a young lawyer of Pittsfield, Mass., for this purpose. He stopped at Bennington on his way and had an interview with " the grand committee " of the New Hampshire Grants, and the old Vermont hun- ter Peleg Sunderland was sent with him as a guide. On reaching Mon- treal, Brown wrote to Samuel Adams and Joseph Warren, of the Boston Committee, stating the importance of promptly seizing the post at Ticonderoga; and of this suggestion the brilliant exploits of Ethan Allen and Seth Warner were the outcome. Brown himself carried this news to Albany, then to New York, and then to the Continental Con- gress at Philadelphia. Sept. 24th, 1775. Brown, then Major, suggested to Ethan Allen the capture of Montreal, which was attempted and failed. through Brown's failure (for some reason never satisfactorily ex- plained) to do his part. In Sept. 1777 Brown, then Colonel, attacked and carried the British post at the north end of Lake George, recovered over one hundred of the Americans who had been taken at Hubbardton, captured two hundred and ninety-three of the enemy, and destroyed two hundred of their boats. Jointly with this splendid success, Capt. Ebenezer Allen of the Vermont Rangers was in like manner successful at Mount Defiance. As further results, Ticonderoga was evacuated by
182 Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778.
plunder to this place, we have therefore given orders to procure five Teams.
By order of Council,
THOMAS CHITTENDEN, Prs't.
Zadock Hard is Permitted to pass & Repass. Also to Take his effects in whose hand soever he may find them, proving his property. By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
To whom it may Concern.
Daniel Clark is permitted to pass & repass his behaving as becom- By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y. eth.
To whom it may Concern.
Charles Carr is permitted to pass from this to Jerico unmolested he behaving as becometh. By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 26 Septr. 1777.
Oliver Colvin is permitted to pass to his fathers house in Town, there to remain until further orders from this Council.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
His Father is Security for his appearance. £1000 forfeiture.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 26 Septr. 1777.
To Mr. Wright & the other Teames in company:
You are to Repair from this to Pawlet with your Teames, there to apply to the Commanding officer or Licut. Hide to be Loaded with plun- der belonging to Colo. Brown, & Return with the Same & Deliver it Safe to this Council.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Henry Francisco is Permitted the Liberty of this Town during the pleasure of this Council. By order, THOS. CHITTENDEN, Pres".
To whom it may Concern.
George Sherman is Permitted to pass unmolested as he has Taken the Oath of Fidility.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Gideon Squire is Permitted the Liberty of this Town during the plea- sure of this Council.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y. To whom it may Concern.
John Offered is Permitted to pass from this to Litchfield south farms in Connecticut there to remain and not be found without the bounds of that place without a pass from the Committee of Safety.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
the British, with the loss of forty-nine prisoners, upwards of one hun- dred horses, twelve yoke of oxen, &c., and Major Wait of Vermont took possession of Mount Independence. Col. Brown was killed in a battle with tories and Indians on the Mohawk river, Oct. 19, 1780, after having proved himself to be "a soldier of great courage and high moral worth." See H. Hall's Early History, pp. 198, 199, 204, 265, 469, and 216.
183
Council of Safety-Aug. 15, 1777, to March 12, 1778.
To Mr. David Sessions:
Sir,-You are to Repair from this to Pawlet, there to apply to the Commanding officer or Lieut Ebenezer Hide who will Load you with Plunder belonging to Colo Brown, which Load you are to Diliver Safe to this Council.
pr Order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 27 September, 1777.
Ebenezer Tolman & Consider Turner, soldiers in Colonel Marshal's Regiment in Capt. Nathaniel Winslow's Company, are permitted to pass the Guards from this to Still Water and join their Respective Corps.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Samuel Stewart is permitted to pass & Repass from this [to] Colrain and join the Army as soon as he is able to return.
By order, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Isaac Goodsel is permitted to pass to Sunderland to Take care of his children & to return within six days.
THOM. CHITTENDEN, Pres".
Henry Batterman, a German Soldier, is this day permitted to pass to Colonel Simonds [Simmons] at Williamstown, to remain until further orders from this Council.
By order, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
To whom it may Concern.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 29th Septr. 1777.
Abel Wright is Permitted fifteen days absence then to Return and join his Regiment. He is also permitted to pass from this to Woodstock in the State of Connecticut.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y. To whom it may Concern.
STATE OF VERMONT. IN COUNCIL OF SAFETY, 30th Septr. 1777.
Jonathan Smith is permitted to pass from this to Reupert and return with his family to this place.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y.
Benjamin Everis1 & Benjamin Kellogg2 are permitted to pass the Guards to Addison unmolested on Lawful Business. By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y. Abel Buck of Arlington is permitted to pass to his home at that place unmolested.
By order of Council, JOSEPH FAY, Sec'y. To whom it may Concern.
1 Lieut. BENJAMIN EVEREST of Addison, who was at the capture of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and with Warner in the battles of Hub- bardton and Bennington. For an extended biographical summary see Vt. Historical Magazine, vol. I, p. 10.
2 One of Amherst's soldiers from Connecticut; captured by Carleton at Addison in 1778, and died in prison at Quebec in 1779 .- Vt. Historical Magazine, vol. I, p. 4-6.
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