USA > Washington > Lincoln County > An illustrated history of the Big Bend country, embracing Lincoln, Douglas, Adams, and Franklin counties, state of Washington, pt 1 > Part 35
USA > Washington > Adams County > An illustrated history of the Big Bend country, embracing Lincoln, Douglas, Adams, and Franklin counties, state of Washington, pt 1 > Part 35
USA > Washington > Douglas County > An illustrated history of the Big Bend country, embracing Lincoln, Douglas, Adams, and Franklin counties, state of Washington, pt 1 > Part 35
USA > Washington > Franklin County > An illustrated history of the Big Bend country, embracing Lincoln, Douglas, Adams, and Franklin counties, state of Washington, pt 1 > Part 35
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For Judge Superior Court : - Wallace Mount, Republican, 1,066; C. H. Neal, Popu- list, 1,444.
For Sheriff :- W. H. Yarwood, Republi- can, 744; T. M. Cooper, Silver, 682; O. G. Devenish, Populist, 1,098.
For County Clerk :- J. C. Martin, Repub- lican, 1,062; J. L. Alkire, Populist, 1,406.
For Auditor :- J. E. Vest, Republican, 699: Jolin W. Siegman. Silver, 592; J. W. Gunning. Populist, 1.257.
For Treasurer :- J. H. Nicholls, Republi- can, 829: E. E. Shafer, Silver. 100; O. G. Griffith, Populist, 1.283. .
For Prosecuting Attorney : - Llewellyn Davies, Republican, 844: A. W. Salisbury, Silver, 644; Jackson Brock, Populist, 1,044.
For Assessor :- A. S. Campbell, Republi- can, 813: P. H. Wolford, Silver, 368; P. M. Lyse, Populist, 1,341.
For Superintendent of Schools :- E. F. Elliott, Republican, 1.066; Alice Neal, Popu- list, 1,443.
For Surveyor :- Finch, Silver, 445; Ludy, Populist, 1.528.
For Commissioner, First District :- A11-
gust Dawell, Silver, 568; F. G. Crisp, Popu- list, 1.356.
For, Commissioner, Third District :- I. N. Cushman, Republican, 835; W. L. Robinson, Silver, 433; A. E. Stookey, Populist, 1,201.
County Seat Removal :- For Davenport, 1,582; for Harrington, 240. Against removal, 537.
The sweeping victory of Populism in 1896 inspired an enthusiasm that carried the party into the campaign of 1898 apparently vig- orous and confident. Their convention was held in Davenport Thursday, June 23d. It proved an interesting convocation. W. M. Priest, of Fairview, was made chairman and I. J. Minnick, secretary. Early in the day ani- mation was imparted to the affair by the with- drawal of the Reardan delegation from the convention hall, the reason assigned being that all their delegates had not been seated. Some time before the convention was called to order, a committee of Populists had investigated the acts of the county commissioners in regard to the county's settlement with the railroads con- cerning the payment of delinquent taxes, and had reported that the railroads had secured the best of the agreement. As a result the Popu- lists incorporated in their platform the follow- ing plank :
Whereas the people's party has been a strenuous advocate of the imperative mandate, claiming it would be a great safeguard against corrupt and insufficient office holders, and in harmony with free institutions and would secure more competent and faithful servants as office holders, and whereas the commissioners of Lin- coln county have proven themselves incompetent to care for the best interests of the people of this county hy their unbusinesslike methods of compromising the railroad taxes whereby the county suffered great loss.
Therefore we ask said commissioners to resign their offices on the ground of unbusinesslike methods, thus putting in practice what we preach so far as we have the power.
Instead of resigning in accordance with this singular request the commissioners came before the convention and explained their acts con-
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HISTORY OF THE BIG BEND COUNTRY.
cerning the taxation of railroads and other matters. The Populists then turned their at- tention to the nomination of a full county ticket.
The Lincoln county Republicans gathered in convention at Davenport Wednesday, July 27th, and placed in nomination a county ticket. J. F. Hill was selected chairman and J. P. Lawrence, secretary of the convention, which was harmonious throughout. The Democratic convention was held at Davenport Thursday, September Ist. T. M. Cooper was chosen chairman and Henry Anderson, secretary.
The election of November. 8, 1898, was pre- ceded by a long campaign. The three tickets in the field contained, each, candidates for all the various offices. Fusion between the Demo- crats and Populists did not materialize, al- though an attempt was made to defeat the Re- publican candidate for representative by com- bining the vote of the Democrats and Popu- lists on two of the candidates, one Populist and one Democrat. But a great change had oc- curred in the complexion of Lincoln county politics within two years. The Populists who had proved so strong in 1896 were completely overthrown in 1898. Not one of their candi- dates was elected. The cause of the Populists' defeat was the voluntary support given Repub- licans by Democrats. The county went strong- ly Republican; every candidate, with the ex- ception of prosecuting attorney and auditor, be- ing elected, the two latter offices being cap- tured by the Democrats. The official vote of the county is appended :
For Members of Congress :- F. W. Cush- man, Republican. 1.055; W. L. Jones, Repub- lican, 1,016: J. Hamilton Lewis, Populist, 805 : W. C. Jones. Populist, 742: A. C. Dickinson, Prohibitionist, 34: C. L. Haggard, Prohibi- tionist, 25: Walter Walker, Socialist Labor, 27 ; M. A. Hamilton, Socialist Labor. 33.
For ยท State Representatives :- H. A. P. Meyers, Republican, 1,076; James M. Parrish, Republican, 1,093: Charles W. Bethel, Demo- crat. 428; Byron W. Richards, Democrat, 298:
George M. Witt, Populist, 576; W. M. Priest, Populist, 415.
For Sheriff :- J. H. Gardner, Republican, 903; John Moylan, Democrat, 625; O. G. De- Vinish, Populist, 496.
For County Clerk :- William Il. Yarwood, Republican, 932; R. P. Short, Democrat, 342 ; J. P. Alkine, Populist, 721.
For Auditor :- George W. Weaks, Repub- lican, 819: J. W. Anderson, Democrat, 840; E. J. Holland, Populist, 354.
For Treasurer :- S. S. Shipherd, Republi- can, 891 ; P. H. Dencer, Democrat, 386; C. G. Griffith, Populist, 737.
For Prosecuting Attorney :- Llewellyn Dav- ies, Republican, 747; N. T. Caton, Democrat, 881 ; Joseph Sessions, Populist, 399.
For Assessor :- George G. Grimes, Repub- lican, 976; J. W. Mann, Democrat, 418; I. J. Minnick, Populist. 598.
For Superintendent of Schools :- Lena Bemis, Republican, 883: Mrs. Dora Morgan, Democrat, 337: Alice E. Neal. Populist, 789.
For. Surveyor :- Jerry Rockhold, Republi- can, 1,008; J. E. Ludy, Democrat, 852.
For Coroner :- C. M. McKinley, Republi- can. 985 ; M. T. Setters, Democrat, 550; Daniel Winters, Populist, 429.
For Commissioner, First District :- Hugh S. McNeilly, Republican, 1.005 ; Jacob Smith, Democrat, 506; L. Y. Williams, Populist. 458.
For Commissioner, Second District :- Eli D. Kellogg. Republican, 854; Frank Hardin, Democrat. 653: J. B. Pershall. Populist. 483.
The Republican county convention of 1900 was held at Davenport, Tuesday, July roth. Lieutenant Governor F. H. Luce was elected chairman, and H. J. Neilly. of Wilbur, secre- tary. Nearly every precinct in the county was represented and the convention moved without friction. A full county ticket was nominated. Throughout the county, at this period. many Mckinley and Roosevelt and Bryan clubs were organized. The Democrats and Populists held their conventions at Davenport Wednesday,
208
HISTORY OF THE BIG BEND COUNTRY.
July 18th, and the resulting movement was complete fusion of the two parties which, practi- cally, sounded the death knell of the Populist party. The candidates nominated all went on the ticket as Democrats. Still, the Populists named candidates for one representative, com- missioner for the second district, sheriff, treas- urer, clerk and assessor. The Democrats uamed candidates for one representative, com- missioner for the third district, auditor, prose- cuting attorney, school superintendent, sur- veyor and coroner. Of the Populist conven- tion T. G. Stevenson presided as temporary chairman and E. A. Hesseltine as temporary secretary. George M. Witt was made perma- nent chairman and E. A. Hesseltine was con- tinued permanent secretary. The Democratic convention was presided over by John Bartol, chairman, and Edward Sharp served as secre- tary. The campaign was spirited, but one of the cleanest ever known in Lincoln county. Personalities were conspicuous by their ab- sence. There were polled in Lincoln county 3,184 votes.
For Governor :- J. M. Frink, Republican, 1,130 ; John R. Rogers, Democrat, 1,851 ; R. E. Dunlap, Prohibition, 62; William McCormick, Social Labor. 6: W. C. B. Randolph, Social Democrat, 27.
For State Senator :- M. E. Hay, Repub- lican. 1.390; Gotleib Garber, Democrat, 1,621.
For State Representatives :- A. L. Smalley, Republican, 1.355; J. A. Talkington, Republi- can, 1,261; John Raymer, Democrat, 1,610; J. J. Cameron. Democrat, 1.536.
For Superior Court Judge :- H. A. P. Meyers, Republican, 1,286; C. H. Neal, Demo- crat. 1,740.
For Sheriff :- J. H. Gardner, Republican. 1,632; L. A. Kennedy, Democrat, 1,389.
For County Clerk :- W. H. Yarwood, Re- publican, 1.573; C. C. Gibson, Democrat, 1,460.
For Auditor :- R. D. Anderson, Republi-
can, 949; J. W. Anderson, Democrat, 2,099. For Treasurer :- S. S. Shepherd, Republi- can, 1.388; I. J. Minnick, Democrat, 1,616.
For Prosecuting Attorney :- W. T. War- ren, Republican, 1,211; N. T. Caton, Demo- crat, 1,838.
For Assessor :- G. G. Grimes, Republican, 1,403; D. M. McRea, Democrat, 1,612.
For Superintendent of Schools : - Lena Bemis, Republican, 1,486; Alice Neal, Demo- crat, 1,556.
For Surveyor :- E. C. Davis, Republican, 1,361 ; George R. Sawyer, Democrat, 1,642.
For Coroner :- C. P. Richards, Republican, 1,203; R. P. Moore, Democrat, 1,716.
For Commissioner, Second District :- E. D. Kellogg, Republican, 1,331: J. R. David- son, Democrat, 1.700.
For Commissioner, Third District :- Will- iam Gemmill, Republican, 1.361 ; Henry Thompson. Democrat, 1,625.
The Lincoln county Republican conven- tion of 1902 was held at Wilbur, Thursday, July 10th. C. E. Meyers presided over the convention and R. M. Dye was elected secre- tary. The Democrats convened at Harring- ton Tuesday, July 15th, and placed in nomina- tion a full county ticket. P. W. Dillon presided over the convention and Frank Garber served as secretary. During the two years previous there had been a considerable influx of popu- lation in Lincoln county, and this added vote seems to have materially aided the Republican party. The remarkable splitting up of the vote shows that there was a strong independent sentiment to be reckoned with which neither of the two parties was able to control. We ap- pend the vote :
For Congressmen :- F. W. Cushman, Re- publican, 1,553; W. L. Jones, Republican, 1,531; W. E. Humphrey, 1,512: Cottrill, Democrat, 1,252; Holcomb, Democrat, 1,258; Cole, Democrat, 1,249.
For State Representatives : - George E.
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HISTORY OF THE BIG BEND COUNTRY.
Smith, Republican, 1,421; J. E. Howard, Re- publican, 1,460; J. J. Cameron, Democrat, I .- 433
For Sheriff :- J. J. Inkster, Republican, 1,579; J. F. Hall, Democrat, 1,372.
For County Clerk :- W. W. Downey. Re- publican, 1,528; F. B. Squires, Democrat, I,- 358.
For Auditor :- W. H. Yarwood, Republi- ean, 1.364; A. S. Brown, 1,570.
For Treasurer :- C. G. Hettman, Republi- can, 1,269; I. S. Minnick, Democrat, 1,648.
For Prosecuting Attorney :- R. M. Dye, Republican, 1,554: T. M. Maxwell, Democrat, 1.345.
For Assessor :- S. G. Noble, Republican, 1,508; David McRea, Democrat, 1,409.
For Superintendent of Schools :- Charles Deets, Republican, 1,425; Alice Neal, Demo- crat, 1,500.
For Surveyor :- Jerry Rockhold, Republi- can, 1,445: George R. Sawyer, Democrat, 1,469.
For Coroner :- Freer, Republican, 1,461 ; Dr. Setters, Democrat, 1,421.
For Commissioner, First District :- Charles Kellum, Republican, 1,473; Charles Bethel, Democrat, 1,399.
For Commissioner, Third District :- J. P. Martin, Republican, 1,574; - Bishop, Democrat, 1,293.
CHAPTER VIII.
EDUCATIONAL.
In the Territorial days of 1884 the first board of education of Lincoln county convened at Davenport Wednesday, August 13th. The members were C. R. Walters, Superintendent. C. H. Pryor and Jessie M. Harvey. The board organized by electing Mr. Pryor, chairman, and Jessie M. Harvey, secretary. The purpose of this meeting was to examine applicants for teachers' certificates. Only three were pres- ent ; Miss Maude Brace, Miss Edna Benson and Mrs. 31. A. Markham. Each of these candidates for pedagogic distinction having passed the examinations successfully was granted a third grade certificate.
At Sprague, February 11, 1885, was held the second meeting of the educational board. There were eight successful candidates for cer- tificates, viz: First Grade-Marian H. Parker and Dell Turner; Second grade-Addie Turner, Sadie McGourin, J. W. Shearer, Lottie
A. Bartlett, Maude Brace and Miss E. T. Ben- son. At the following meeting the same year, in August, there were nine successful candi- ciates for certificates.
The first teachers' institute ever held in the county convened at Sprague August 4th :) IIth, inclusive, 1885. Those present were : Carrie Vest, A. G. Maxey, Carlotta .\. Bart- lett, J. L. McCollum, Mrs. Kate Devenish. Maude Brace, Edward Davis, George W. Jackson, Sr., Dora Hinshaw, Lizzie Yarwood, L. S. Brooks, Minnie Keaton, Anna Hughes, William Yarwood, Rosa Hughes, J. L. Rea- sonet. M. H. Parker, J. W. Shearer. Miss 1. L. Walters, C. R. Walters, A. G. Mitchum, C. 11. Pryor, Dell Turner, Addie Turner, Sadie McGourin.
Since then these highly beneficent institutes have been held annually.
In 1883 the few who had cast their lot
14
210
HISTORY OF THE BIG BEND COUNTRY.
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within that portion of Washington in which Davenport is located organized the first school district and built a frame building which, at that period. was considered quite pretentious. The board of school directors comprised O. B. Parks, J. D. Woodin and L. A. Kennedy. Mrs. Bond was clerk of the district. Mr. C. H. Pryor, who afterward became county super- intendent of schools, was the first teacher in Davenport. With the construction of the Cen- tral Washington railroad, quickly followed by a voluminous increase of population, more school room to accommodate the children was found absolutely necessary. In 1890 the old school building was vacated and a new one containing four rooms was erected on the plat- eau south of the business portion of Davenport. But even this commodious building soon proved inadequate to accommodate the number of pupils seeking instruction; two additional spacious rooms were added. From this period the growth of the Davenport school district was rapid. The succeeding years culminated in 1891 in the erection of the handsome, mod- ern two-story and basement brick building; the Davenport High School. It contains nine rooms, is heated by a furnace and provided with the latest improved system of sanitary drain- age.
In 1898 Professor J. H. Perkins was prin- cipal of the Davenport schools. Aside from the eight grades of the common schools, a high school course was added, requiring four years for graduation. The first to graduate under this improved and augmented curri- culum were Minnie M. Level, Bertha John- son. Nettie Hale and Kate Rogers.
For the purpose of comparison with later data the school report of County Superintend- ent C. H. Pryor for 1887 is given :
Value of all school property in county. .$14.405 Number of school houses in county 40 Number of districts in countv. 55
Number of sheof- maintained. 47
Teachers' salaries- Male-$39. Female-$31.
Children enrolled-1.020.
Average attendance-827.
Since the organization of Lincoln county the num- ber of schools has increased from 25 to 55. It is true that most districts supplied but a short term of school, and comparing our schools and pay with that of older counties, it seems, at first glance to be discouraging, but when we realize that the county is yet in its in- fancy and note the progress that it has made in the past three or four years, the prospect is most encour- aging. Few new counties contain as much.
December 20, 1889. closed the first term of the Cortland Academy, at Sherman. It was considered very successful. There were in at- tendance 25 pupils. August 15, 1890, the Wil- bur Register said :
"The chief objection to the Big Bend is removed. A good education can now be re- ceived at home. At the Cortland Academy and Business College, near Sherman, there is the commercial course which prepares for busi- ness, the normal course for teaching, the classi- cal course for college or practical life, also the course in the common branches which affords instruction in the elementary studies, for both children and adults. Rev. Arthur B. Cort is principal and E. M. Bogart, of Omaha, business college associate principal, assisted by Mrs. Cort and others."
It was proposed to build a town to be called Cortland at this college. Forty acres were to be platted and placed on the market. The lots were to be sold to families on the following plan. Those paying $100 tuition to the academy and erecting a building at a cost of $150 were to be given a warranty deed for a lot. No saloons or immoral houses were to be allowed to operate with the the limits of the proposed college town. Of the Cortland Academy the following officers and trustees were elected : A. B. Cort, president; M. E. Hay, treasurer ; John Thomison, secretary ; J. P. Tamiesie and J. M. Parrish. In June, 1891, the Lincoln County Times said :
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HISTORY OF THE BIG BEND COUNTRY.
"Cortland is a place of which many have heard, and some have a vague idea as to what it is and where it is, but few understand what the real purpose and character of the place is. It is situated about eight or nine miles north of Wilbur, and at present consists of Cortland Academy, a number of lodging houses for pupils and a few residence buildings. It takes its name from Rev. Cort, a Presbyterian min- ister who located on the land some two or three years ago, and conceived the idea of laying the foundation of important future work by begin- ning in a small way to build up a school. He diligently set to work and built a large log structure in which he began teaching, first with only a few scholars who later increased in num- bers. He succeeded in awakening great in- terest, not only among the pupils who attended, but among the people of the Big Bend in gen- eral who are interested in its success. Today he employs three assistant teachers, including his wife, and is now arranging to erect a large frame building which will be as well equipped for academic work as any academy in the state. Mr. Cort is enthusiastic in the work he has begun, and expects to see the time when Cortland will be an important place, known far and wide for its educational advantages."
Despite this flattering endorsement and the conscientious work of Mr. and Mrs. Cort, the academy was not a financial success, and in 1892 it ceased to exist.
The long-heralded school for the Indian children of the Spokane and Colville reserva- tions opened Monday, April 2, 1900, at old Fort Spokane, Miles postoffice, Lincoln coun- ty. with 135 pupils on the roll. The post build- ings, or such as were fit for the purpose were turned over to the Department of Indian Af- fairs by the War Office soon after the abandon- ment of the place as a military post, following the Spanish war. This is perhaps one of the most interesting institutions in Lincoln county, or in this portion of the state. For school pur- poses the location is an ideal one; claimed by
inspectors and other supervising officials to be about the finest that is occupied by any Indian school in the United States.
In February, 1903, Superintendent F. F. .Avery published the following description of the school in the Lincoln County Times:
"The Fort Spokane school though not strictly on an Indian reservation is classed as a reservation boarding school for the reason that it draws its pupils directly from reserva- tions, not from other schools, and is under general supervision of an Indian agency.
"About 225 pupils were enrolled last year (1902). Each year those who are enrolled are gathered in as early as practicable in the fall and remain until the end of June, the months of July and August being a vacation period during which they are allowed to go home, and during which employees, also, al- ternate in taking leaves of absence, thirty days with pay being allowed for ten months' contin- uous service. As nearly as possible the school is made a comfortable and pleasant home for the pupils, and they are in every way reasonably provided for. In clothing each boy is allowed three suits and extra pair of pantaloons per year, one of the suits being a substantial and handsome uniform. Each girl is allowed one dress of all wool dress flannel, and four other dresses, none of them of less desirable material than an ordinary quality of gingham. For both boys and girls the allowance of shoes, un- derwear, etc., are also sufficienty liberal. Each pupil has a single bed properly furnished. Each has three or four clean towels per week ; and in every possible way well being is provided for and correct tastes and habits are cultivated. This is regarded as being, perhaps, the most important part of Indian education.
"The pupils range in years from five to eighteen years. About one-half are full-blood Indians, many of whom entered school unable to speak a word of English. The remainder are of mixed blood. Both classes average fairly well in natural intelligence and both are
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HISTORY OF THE BIG BEND COUNTRY.
more easily controlled than average white chil- dren. The primary and intermediate grades of an ordinary common school education are given, and the best text books and appliances are supplied and good teachers employed. But more stress is laid upon domestic and other industrial training than upon class work. Each pupil goes to school one-half of each class-day (from Monday until Friday, inclusive), and works one half of each day from Monday to Saturday inclusive. Only the little ones are omitted from this program, and for them a kindergarten is provided. The boys rotate through the carpenter shop, the bakery, the farmers' department and the industrial teach- ers' details, which latter include all kinds of miscellaneous chores. The girls rotate through every department of domestic work, the kitchen, the laundry, the sewing room and mis- cellaneous work. In the sewing room, for ex- ample, they are taught to cut and fit as well as to make their own clothing, and to do all kinds of repairing neatly and properly. The same general method is followed in each de- partment. And, as a rule, the results are rea- sonably satisfactory. The girls who receive this training for a few years go out and make a good deal better homes than those who do not receive it. The boys as a rule do very muchi better than those who grow up in ignorance and without forming any habits of systematic industry. The force of employees is such as is necessary for a school organized on the lines indicated. There is a superintendent ; a 111 - tron and two assistant matrons ; a seamstress, a cook, a baker, a laundress, a farmer, a car- penter, an industrial teacher, four class-room teachers, and a few miscellaneous employees most of whom are assistants of those inenl. tioned. All of these are expected to be, and required to be, not only workers, but instruc- tors; and no position in an Indian school is easy to fill satisfactorily. Yet the service 11s- ually becomes attractive to those who remain long enough in it to become thoroughly ac-
customed to it, and the civil service commis- sion usually has ample lists of eligibles from which to certify applicants for most classes of positions.
"Visitors with any intelligent interest and with tact enough to realize that the pupils are simply human, and do not care to be looked upon and talked about as though they were wild animals, are always welcome. There is a story told of one visitor at an Indian school, who, with more curiosity than tact, stopped a little Indian boy with the inquiry: 'Say! Are you civilized ?' To which he very promptly and pertinently replied, 'Yes; are you?' And this story is quite illustrative, as well as properly vouched for."
November 27, 1903, the School Bulletin, an eight-page monthly educational journal, edited and published by Miss Alice Neal, County Superintendent of Public Instruction and de- voted to the interests of Lincoln county, made its initial appearance. Following is the annual report of Miss Neal for the year 1903 :
Number of children 5 to 21 years old. . 5.119
Enrolled in public schools . 4,923
Average daily attendance 3,05I
Number of departments maintained .153
Average monthly salary ; male. $18.68
Average monthly salary; female $15.86
Pupils graduated from common schools during year. . 94 Number of school houses in county. 121 Of these 115 were frame buildings, one log and 5 brick. Total seating capacity .5,80I
Estimated value of county's school property. . $1 54.244.50 Total number of districts in county. 128
Teachers holding state or territorial certificates. 2
I
Normal department state university 6
Elementary certificate state normal
Advanced course state normal
First grade certificates 19
Second grade certificates 86
Third grade certificates 16.
There are graded schools at Sprague, Reardan, Dav- enport, Harrington, Wilbur, Almira, Creston, Peach, Edwall, Mohler, and Odessa. The Davenport school is a high school.
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