USA > Wisconsin > Grant County > History of Grant County Wisconsin, including its civil, political, geological, mineralogical archaeological and military history > Part 33
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THIRTY-THIRD INFANTRY.
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sides of the railroad. On the 6th of June the regiment was united at Murfreesboro and moved to Nashville, when it was transferred to the Third Brigade, First Division, Twentieth Corps, and joined Sherman's army in the trenches before Atlanta. . After the capture of that place, the regiment was several times engaged in severe and dangerous guard and forage duty. It took part in the march to the sea. January 18, 1865, it crossed the Savannah River and marched to Perrysburg. Heavy rains had flooded the whole country, compelling the Union army to remain at this place until the 28th. In the march through the Carolinas the Thirty-first performed its full share of destroying railroads, building corduroy roads, and foraging. It took part in the battles of Averysboro and Bentonville. On this march the men were greatly in want of clothing; nearly ten per cent. were without shoes, and many had marched nearly two hundred miles in that con- dition. It rained during twenty-three of the sixty-five days of the march. The regiment took part in the pursuit of Johnston and the review at Washington, and then went to Louisville, where the first six companies were mustered out on the 20th of June, and the other companies on the 8th of July.
THIRTY-THIRD INFANTRY.
This regiment contained the following Grant County men :
Jonathan B. Moore, Colonel, Muscoda ; Horatio H. Virgin, Major, Platteville.
Company A-George B. Carter, Captain, Platteville; Oliver C. Den- ney, 1st Lieut., Muscoda; Frank Ward, 2d Lieut., Muscoda; George Bremmer, Ezra Bremmer, Robert A. Campbell, Boscobel; Richard Bet- tie, Edward Jamison, Clifton; Joseph Burton, Walker S. Clark, John Fry, James McKnight, Andrew McKnight, Freeman F. Vaughn, Thos. Wilkinson, Ellenboro; Charles Bingenheimer, Arnold Good, Liberty; Bird Fields, Alfred Fields, Joel Hubbard, Thomas B. Hodgson, John P. Moore, Wm. F. Munden, Lima; Disbrow Pullen, Lancaster; William Bull, Eli W. Campbell, Anton Dunston, Chas. W. Garrett, David Hess, Francis Hannaman, John Salmon, Thomas Stewart, Byron Wright, George Wright, Muscoda ; Wm. H. Brill, Hudson Thomas, James W. Thompson, Henry J. Traber, Orrin S. Vaughn, Platteville.
Company B-George R. Frank, Captain, Boscobel; George Haw, 1st Lieut., Boscobel; Matthew Burchard, 2d Lieut., Fennimore; Baz- ell D. Batten, Emanuel Beck, Wm. Brindley, Lewis Cobb, Enoch G. De- Lap, Samuel L. DeWitt, John Kelty, Jonathan H. Meeker, Joseph Ma- 28
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ley, John S. Meyers, Wm. Whales, John J. Yazel, Boscobel; Addison D. Allen, Henry Stewart, James Williams, Nathaniel C. Wood, Blue River; Samuel Armstrong, Chas. J. Clark, Joseph Cape. Joseph Coyer, Ste- phen Howard, Wm. Hough, Charles M. Owen, Edwin Pike, James Pe- tillo, Truman S. Richards, Jas. Shields. Joseph Sanborn, Ira J.Wheeler, Fennimore; Calvin P. Brainard, Allen P. Bliss, Wm. Brock, John M. Brown, Wm. Foner, Miles A. Guernsey, Albert H. Mclaughlin, Wm. D. McLaughlin, Albert Matthews, Hugh Matthews, Thompson Mar- tin, Wm. Martin, Horace Ostrander, John M. Riggs, Jacob Sinnett, Lewis Thomas, Nathan Thompson, Philip B. Welcher, Charles Walker, Hickory Grove; Peter F. Chase, James D. Haven, Lucius W. Hitchcock, Almond Mead, William Quigley, Thomas Quigley, Oliver A. Rice, John Vanallen, Marion; Ira A. Church, Wm. H. Rouse, Richard Rands, Mill- ville; Thomas Burden, Charles F. Clark, Samuel W. Clark. Peter Fill- more, Montreville Hammond, Simeon Reeves, Wm. T. Scott, Addison S. Wilcox, Wm. P. Wilcox, Watterstown; Absalom Barger. Wingville.
Company D-Wm. S. Earnhart, Captain, Tafton ; Uriah F. Briggs. 1st Lieut., Tafton; Noble L. Barner, 2d Lieut., Glen Haven ; Horace G. Atwood, Benj. G. Lewis, John Leighton, Beetown; Wm. Barr, Joseph Brookens, Wm. V. Chase, Frank Dorr, James T. Deleware, Amos Eu- bank, James W. Gault, John Grandrath, Thomas Hawks, Henry W. Parker, William H. Scott, Edward Smith, Oriel Shattuck, Hubert Vogt, Peter Vogt, Robert L. Weeks, Henry Wildman, Samuel Wimer, Wm. H. Young, Glen Haven; Peter F. Smith, Harrison ; Scott Barnett, Alfred H. Fitch, Marcus E. Fitch, William B. Garside, Walter Lewis, Frank J. Schell, Patch Grove; Henry B. Andrews, Charles L. Bingham, Thomas C. Billings, Lucius Billings, Homer Beardsley, James R. Bur- ton, Daniel L. Barlow, George W. Bowers, James H. Blake, John Beck- with, Geo. W. Chase," James Charlesworth," Luman Cobb, John E. Connell, Rice Dimmick, Joseph Engle, Samuel Fink, Geo. H. Furman, William H. Holford, Castello N. Holford, Charles Hudson, James E. Haggerty, Wm. H. Harvey, George Hollis, Edward L. Hudson, J. Wes- ley Largent, Lafayette H. Lumpkin, Richard R. Lander, Denison H. Lard, Norman Lord, Amariah C. Lyman, Wm. Lyon, Reason Lyon, Archibald E. Mickle, James Mack, John A. Orr, Wm. L. Orr, Merritt Pember, Robert H. Pine, Wm. A. Pine, Wm. J. Scott, Charles Seeber, Wm. M. Thornton, Ira W. Tracy, Edson W. Vanvickle, Tafton; Rufus J. Allen, Allen Barnes, Jacob M. Beer, Nathan O. Calkins, Earl Crans-
*Transferred to Company I.
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ton, Royal Cranston, Joseph H. Clark, Elmer S. Crain, Joseph Flint, Henry C. Jackson, Jonas Lard, John Morrow, Thomas E. Magwigan, Lucius Sutter, James W. Sutton, Julius M. Thurston, George H. Trine, Peter N. Trahn, John J. Trahn, Wyalusing.
Company G-Frank B. Burdick, Captain, Boscobel; Louis Schnei- der, 1st Lieut., Boscobel; Elliott H. Liscum, 2d Lieut., Boscobel; Mel- chior Ableiter, David Anderson, Geo. W. Bedient, Christopher Brown, Edwin Butler, William Church, Herman Dean, Ole Everson, John B. Eggleston, James Everson, John Edinger, Jacob Getts, Henry Gehb, Nelson Holton, Charles S. Johnson, Lewis Melton, Nelson H. Meeker, Chester Ogden, Daniel Peer, Arnold A. Petty, Wm. W. Petty, Isaac B. Ross, Joseph Reber, Louis Reichell, James S. Roberts, Fritz Shaffer, Gottlieb Wurster, John Wilkins, Boscobel; Andrew Blackburn, Bern- hart Eversoll, William Roberts, Beetown; Alfred D. Diedrich, Wm. F. Keyes, John Ortscheid, Cassville; Sylvester B. Spencer, Wm. H. Sy- mons, Ellenboro; Josiah A. Burchard, Henry C. Owens, Fennimore; Benjamin Berry, Jacob Bohl, Abner Clark, Jacob Crist, Bazabel Clos- son, Hickory Grove; August Jacobs, Leonard Taylor, Edward Oates, Moses E. Vansickle, Lancaster; Sherman B. Lum, Joseph Tomlinson, Millville; Theodore Shelver, Marion; William Tapperwein, Muscoda.
Company K-Valorous Heath, Boscobel; Jas. Notton, Fennimore ; Benj. Miller, Geo. W. Miller, Geo. W. Rowley, Muscoda; John Dallen, Platteville ; James Knowlton, Wingville.
The following recruits came to the regiment from Grant County, about January 1, 1864 :
Company A-Johnson Bevans, Mahlon Fawcett, Geo. W. Swiers, Arthur Basye, Clifton; George Foyt, David C. Phillips, Geo. C. Rich- ards, Lima; Thomas Prideaux, Henry C. Smith, Platteville; William H. Ray, Smelser; Albert M. Snyder, Harrison .. Company B- George Clark, Truman W. Cole, John E. Davis, Joseph D. Jackson, Thomas C. Maley, John N. Martin, Presley Martin, Eugene McLimans, James K. McCord, Samuel D. Moran, Philander Purrington, James Quigley, Ed- gar Ward, Boscobel; George Andrew, William Boyce, Mark Goodrich, Albert T. Henderson, Lucius Hitchcock, Robert McPherson, George W. Tuck wood, Fennimore; Wm. Campbell, John S. Catlin, Millville. Com- pany D-Joseph M. Burton, Isaac T. Chase, Geo. W. Clement, Joseph L. Cauffman, Louis B. Edwards, Thomas Hutchcroft, James McDon- ald, Wm. L. Richards, Isaac B. Sargent, Wm. H. Weeks, Isaac Wilson, Glen Haven, Walter M. Helm, John Lyon, John Martin, Tafton; Thos.
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Quinn, Wyalusing. Company G-Kingsley'R. Boyd, Ezra Ward, Bos- cobel; John Sanger, Millville. Company I-Egbert J. Hull, Thomas F. Jones, John A. Kirkpatrick, Milton H. Rosemire, Platteville.
Frank W. Bashford, of Clifton, was transferred from the Third In- fantry to be First Lieutenant of Company I.
This was the last of the Wisconsin volunteer regiments raised un- der the "600,000-call" in 1862. It was the intention to raise a Grant County regiment under the call, but the requisite number of enlist- ments could not be made in time, and part of the Grant County men went into the Twentieth and Twenty-fifth, leaving only three compa- nies and a half for the Thirty-third. This regiment contained more Grant County men than any other except the Twenty-fifth, and it nobly upheld the reputation of the county. It was to this regiment, on a general review in Mississippi, that Sherman made his noted re- mark : "I always count a Wisconsin regiment a brigade."
The regiment was enlisted mostly in August and early September, and spent several weeks at the several company rendezvous drilling. The rendezvous of Company D was the Red School-house in the town of Tafton, the soldiers being quartered on the farmers in the vicinity. In October the regiment went into camp at Racine. It left the State November 12, en route for Memphis. Its march through the streets of Chicago displayed so high a state of discipline and such efficiency in drill as to furnish a text to the Chicago papers on the adaptability of the Americans to soldiering.
At Memphis the regiment was placed in the Third Brigade, of the Third Division, Army of the Tennessee, and on the 26th of November it started on the expedition intended to come up in the rear of Vicks- burg-one of Grant's several failures, before his final successful cam- paign against that stronghold. The men were burdened with ten days' rations and one hundred rounds of ammunition. The regiment was too far from the front to see any fighting, but did some hard work repairing roads and building bridges. The advance was slow. Beyond the Tallahatchie, at Hurricane Creek, the commissary supplies gave out, but the regiment took possession of a little mill, and as corn was to be found, kept starvation off with a supply of corn-meal-and nothing else. The expedition reached Oxford about New Year's. As this was the date on which President Lincoln's Emancipation Procla- mation took effect, a regiment from Southern Illinois mutinied, refus- ing to serve longer "to free the niggers." The Thirty-third was placed
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on guard over them for several days, when the officers were cashiered and the regiment broken up, the enlisted men being distributed among. other Illinois regiments.
About this time the Thirty-third was placed in the "Fighting Fourth " Division, at the special request of its commander, General Lauman. The supplies at Holly Springs were captured by the Rebels and communication with Memphis, the base of supplies, cut off, and the army was without rations. Nothing but corn could be had, and there was now no mill to grind it. It was boiled and parched, and on this alone the Thirty-third lived ten days or more. The weather was bad and the poor little "shelter-tents" hardly deserved the name of shelter. The measles broke out in camp and many died of the disease or its following affections.
The army was forced to retreat to the line of the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, the Thirty-third being posted at Moscow, forty miles east of Memphis. The regiment was placed in the Sixteenth Corps. On March 9 the regiment began a march to Memphis, which it accomplished in continuous rain and terrible mud.
On the 18th of April the regiment left Memphis as part of an ex- pedition sent to attack a Rebel force on the Coldwater, forty miles south of Memphis. At Hernando the enemy was encountered and fifteen of them killed and seventy-five taken prisoners. In the advance next morning the Thirty-third was the first infantry in the column, and in the attack of the enemy on Coldwater Creek, came up on the double-quick to the relief of the cavalry, and poured in such a destruc- tive volley on the enemy as to force them to retire across the creek. Although the commanders of Companies H and E were killed, the only Grant County men hurt were A. P. Bliss, of Co. B, and Walter Lewis, of Co. D, slightly wounded. An expected cooperating force failing to come up, the Union troops retired, the Thirty-third being the rear- guard. When near Memphis reinforcements were met and the expedi- tion returned to Coldwater, but the Rebels had left, and the expedition returned to Memphis.
On the 17th of May the regiment embarked for Young's Point, Louisiana, to join the army operating against Vicksburg. Near Green- ville, Mississippi, the Rebels had two pieces of artillery concealed be- hind the levee, and opened fire at. short range on the transports crowded with men and horses. The boats were rapidly pushed to
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shore, the Thirty-third hurried off and chased the Rebels several miles, but could not overtake them.
SIEGE OF VICKSBURG.
From Young's Point the regiment went to Snyder's Bluff. on the Yazoo River, and on the 20th took possession of the artillery and am- munition which the Rebels had abandoned in their hurried evacuation of the place. The regiment then marched by way of Haines's Bluff to near Vicksburg, but returned to guard Snyder's Bluff from an attack by Johnston's army. It held its position here until the 24th, when it marched around to the south of the city and took a position as part of the besieging line, throwing up a line of fortifications.
On the night of the 13th of June Company D, numbering fifty men, advanced on the right of the brigade front to take the enemy's rifle- pits immediately under a strong fort. It was supported by Company F and two Illinois companies as flankers. The enemy kept up a furi- ous fire on the storming party, but it passed over the men's heads, as the Rebels were considerably higher up. Company D, the men creep- ing on their hands and knees half way up the hill, charged and took the hill with the rifle-pits, the Rebels falling back precipitately to the fort. As tools to entrench had been neglected, the Union force was compelled to fall back at daylight, as it was exposed to the cross-fire of three forts at short range. The Rebels at once reoccupied the po- sition. To retake the position, at dark the next night, Companies D and A of the Thirty-third advanced, the Forty-first Illinois covering their flanks. Before the impetuous charge of these two companies the Rebels broke and fled, without injuring a man of the assailing party. The position thus taken was permanently held, although the Rebels made attempts to retake it.
On the night of the 21st, six companies of the Thirty-third, A, B, C, D, E, and G, most of the Grant County men, advanced the line in the center of the brigade front to within eighty-five yards of a strong fort. Company D, was in advance. On reaching the position desired for a rifle-pit the company was halted and Captain Warner, in a whisper, called for ten volunteers to come forward for some service which he did not state. The following men stepped to the front: Rufus J. Allen, William Barr, Elmer Crain, Castello N. Holford, Ed- ward L. Hudson, Thomas Hawks, Lafayette Lumpkin, Charles Seeber, George Trine, and Peter Vogt. They were ordered in a whisper to advance in a skirmish line half-way to the Rebel fort and remain there
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till daylight as a picket. It was hard position. To remain awake all night, lying still was a terrible task, and to fall asleep and be seen at daylight exposed within fifty steps of the rebel line was almost certain death. At daylight a whistle from Captain Warner brought the pick- etsin. The next night the Fourteenth Illinois relieved the Thirtythird and were driven out by the Rebels with a loss of seventeen killed and wounded.
On the night of the 24th Companies A, C, D, F, and H retook this important position. Company D again led the advance, rushing in on the Rebels so suddeniy that they retreated precipitately, leaving four men killed and seventeen wounded and fifteen abandoned muskets. The only loss of the Thirty-third was two men in Co. H The regi- ment was, for this feat, highly complimented by an order from General Lauman.
At the time of these night attacks the scene was something never to be forgotten by those who looked upon it. The artillery on both sides was playing fiercely and the air was full of rushing meteors. The lines of pits on both sides were fringed with the continuous flashes of the musketry fire. Added to the roar of the cannon, the scream and crash of the bursting shells, the horrible swish and jingle of the flying grape-shot, were the choruses of the shrill "Rebel yell," and the deeper- toned swarming shouts of Union soldiers.
A BLOODY BLUNDER AT JACKSON.
The siege of Vicksburg was ended. For six weeks the Army of the Mississippi had been crouching closely in their narrow pits along the broken ridges in the rear of the city; sweltering and panting for breath under the high, hot sun through the long June days; the short nights illuminated by the glare of bursting shells and flashing siege guns; the heavens filled with the fiery arcs of the mortar shells from the fleet in the river; every ear wearied by the incessant musketry -now sinking into a faint and fitful sputtering and then rising into a loud and rattling crash; days when the deep throb of the siege guns was faster than a fevered pulse-beat.
Pemberton and his 32,000 Rebels were prisoners and their hun- dreds of hostile cannon were harmlessly parked, guarded by blue- coated sentries. But Joe Johnston's second army of Rebels had been hanging threateningly on the rear of the Army of the Mississippi during the whole siege. Without a day's rest the wearied Union army, glad
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to exchange for a time the narrow pits for the free fields and woods, started in pursuit of Johnston's army. That army fell back sullenly and slowly, making every ridge and hill-top the vantage ground for their artillery in the stubborn but always-failing efforts to beat back the Union advance guard.
It was the 11th of July, toward evening, when the brigade, composed of the Thirty-third Wisconsin, Third lowa. and Forty-first and Fifty-third Illinois regiments, filed out of the road by the right flank and formed in line of battle. They knew they were near Jackson and that a line of battle meant a prospect of fight, but beyond that knew nothing certain of the situation. They halted for a short time and an Indiana regiment (the Thirty-first, I think), the "Morton Rifles," passed by with the quick, springing, eager step with which meif go into battle. They evidently had more positive orders than the First Brigade, just mentioned. The latter moved off obliquely to the front and right, slowly and cautiously, with skirmishers in front, feeling their way through the thick black-oak woods.
But no Rebels were seen, and night came down in a drizzling rain. The day had been intensely hot, scores of men falling from sunstroke, but the slow rain at night chilled the men through. Although the advance had been very slow, the commissary had failed to keep up with rations, and all that day the men had had nothing to eat except a few ears of green corn they had snatched from the fields by the roadside. They lay all night in line of battle, grasping their guns, without spreading a blanket or kindling a fire-a dreary, weary, hungry night it was, and the not very cheerful prospect of bloody work in the morning.
The night with its lowering clouds passed away and the morning sun shone out clear and hot. The brigade advanced slowly but did not encounter the enemy. However, it came within view of their works while crossing the railroad track. There was a long cut stretching away toward Jackson. Perhaps half a mile up that cut loomed up a bastion of a Rebel fort. A puff of smoke rose from a huge siege gun there and a shell came screaming over the Union line. To one of the boys standing in the middle of the track when that cloud of smoke arose it seemed that the narrow cut was a sort of tube which must conduct the shell straight down to him. Of course, this was only a fancy, but it was an uncomfortable one.
A great part of the forenoon had passed when the brigade found
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themselves on the crest of a ridge about half a mile from the Rebel works. The artillery belonging to the division was brought up and opened a rapid fire on the enemy. It was evident that a charge was intended, but it was delayed, and our artillery fire was worse than useless, for it could hardly harm the Rebels in their trenches, and it warned them of the coming but delayed charge; and Breckinridge massed his whole division along the short threatened front.
The First Brigade of the "Old Fighting Fourth" Division (com- manded by Gen. Lauman) lay a little in front of the batteries and just below them on the slope. The hillside sloped to the east, was bare and covered with flints. The sun was now high and beating down furiously. To lie upon those flints was something like lying on a gridiron, but to stand up was to be exposed to the shells from the Rebel siege guns screaming close above. Our artillery was suffering terribly. The light field pieces could do nothing toward silencing the Rebel guns, and the heavy shells of the latter did much damage. One of them struck a gun of the Fifth Ohio Battery full on the muzzle. The great brass tube went spinning backward, crushing everything in its way, while the fragments of the gun carriage knocked the gunners right and left. Another cut down three horses and their three riders on a caisson in the rear. It struck the wheel-horse and his rider about the rider's thigh; the middle one a little lower and the leader about the rider's knee. The plunging of the mangled horses upon their mangled riders, the blood and dust and smoke, formed a scene of confusion and horror never to be forgotton, even though seen but a second.
Gen. Lauman, the commander of the Fourth Division, and his staff rode up from the rear, swept around the right flank of the Thirty-third and up in front of the regiment and halted. The General addressed them in a half-choking. half-screaming tone, evidently greatly excited :
"Thirty-third, you are to charge those works! I want you to do your duty and I know you'll do it."
Then he rode on to the next regiment and repeated his address, and so on to the last. Then he rode back to the rear.
At last the order "Forward!" came. The Thirty-third held not only the right of the brigade, but the extreme right of the Union lines. This position, if the Rebels had been aggressive, would have been one of great hazard; as it was, it was the salvation of the regiment.
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The ground over which the three regiments on the left had to ad- vance had been cleared of its growth of scrubby black oaks by cutting them down and piling them in heaps or rows, not high enough to shel- ter the advancing Union men, but in such a manner as greatly to im- pede their progress. On the other hand, the ground on which the Thirty-third advanced was still covered, in most places, with the thick, scrubby growth, hard to get through, but concealing the regiment from the Rebel works.
As the brigade swept down the slope there was not a private in the ranks so stupid that he did not know that it was a hopeless charge and that a horrible blunder was being committed. They knew there was not a supporter on the right and nothing on the left except a fragment of a regiment-the Twenty-eighth Illinois. It was twelve hundred men against an army lying hidden behind high earthworks, protected from approach by line upon line of bristling, tangled abatis and the sharp, thick-set stakes of the chevaux-de-frise. But,
" Theirs not to make reply, Theirs not to reason why, Theirs but to do or die, For someone had blundered."
At intervals through openings in the brush some of the Thirty- third could get glimpses of the field and their comrades on the left. As has been said, the shrubs cut down had been piled in long heaps with openings between them. Into these openings the Iowa and Illinois men would crowd thickly to get through, when the double-shotted charges of canister would sweep through the struggling masses with awful effect. From every Rebel embrasure rolled outward and upward a thick gray-blue cloud, pierced through at times with darting streaks of orange-colored flame, and the whole long line of earthworks was fringed with countless leaping little jets of smoke and flame from the incessant musketry. Much of the shot and shell came toward the Thirty-third, but they were for the greatest part unseen by the Rebels and most of the missiles passed harmlessly overhead.
A little further advance and another opening showed the skirmish- ers that the hurricane of fire, lead, and iron on the left had torn the Union line to tatters and swept it backward toward the ridge, while the Rebels were swarming out of their works, flanking the Thirty- third on the right and passing it on the left. Then Colonel Moore gave the order to retreat, and under the skillful direction of himself and Major Virgin the regiment fell back swiftly and silently, but in a
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