History of Walworth county, Wisconsin, Volume I, Part 2

Author: Beckwith, Albert C. (Albert Clayton), 1836-1915
Publication date: 1912
Publisher: Indianapolis, Bowen
Number of Pages: 792

USA > Wisconsin > Walworth County > History of Walworth county, Wisconsin, Volume I > Part 2

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

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Baumann, B. J. 671

Baumbach, William, Jr 10\1

Bullock. Arthur C.

Burdick. Ladzar o. $11

Beach. Benjamin II.

1360

Beach, William W.

1392

Burdick. Hugh 1.

!111

Bristol. C. R.

Brooks, Homer 1200

1372

Brown. Albert

Brown. Emery .. 1 102

621

Brott. James F.

Briggs, Herman A. 1112

Brigham, Emerson

Boyle, Henry 1133

Brabazon, Charles S ._ 1031

Arnolil. Cassins F 1

Bradley, Henry

Bradley, William W. 1050

Brennan, John C.

Allen. John

912

Allen. Walter

Boehm. F. J.

Bollinger. Ifcob

Boyd. John W

Barfield. Josiah 1146;

Barker. L. B. 1470 1 1 1

1011

Buell, Henry (. !HIT

719

Porkwith, Albert C.

Beers, William 1137

Bell. Hiram S. 1079

Bill. Benjamin J .-

Allen. George

Abbott, Francis X .. 1:55

676

GS1

14.50

1348

1143

632

1303

1301

1483

1390

1152

736

1228

1157

734

7-19

955

110S

1430

1170

102S

1078

1376

1362

1029

1183

991

836

1069

1428

1339

1980

S52

1379

1383

1221

Burgit, James D

. Burns. Carlos Il.

Burton, Charles R

Burton, John E

Bushman, John

Camp, James II

Campbell, Lewis

Carey, Julian M

Ceylon Court.

chapin, John

Child, James

('Imreh. Cyrus

Church, Leonard

Clanroy, Lawrence Church, Ray

Clark, Charles MI

Clark, Johu I.

Coates, Oscar P' "lohisy. Arthur "'line, Leopold.

Coburn, Addison cobb. Robert (

Corroft, Joseph E. Corroft, Harry E.

Colburn. Archibald. folbo, John

Conry, Bernard

Cook, Franklin I Cook, D. S.

Cook, Seymour A

Cooper, Charles S. Coon, Harlow M

Cowles, Elmer E.

fowles. Fred D.

Cox, William I

Crandall. George Crane. E. J.

Crumb, George Crites, J. L.

(rumb, Russell E.

Curran, James S.

Curtis, Lewis

1

1

1

L

1

1

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I

1

1

1

1

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1

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701

1075

668

604

652

907

1423

1327

933

1136

895

1452

1192

1194

730

1300

636

1221

COS

$45

$22

96 ;;

958

1271

1471

1263

675

1256

1310

1321

1036

875

1000

1457

127-1

981

1450

1467

1355

1008

1479

Dalrymple, Hlilas II.

Dalton, Henry J

Davidson, Ebenezer

Davis, Ruthford D.

Dawley, William J

Delaney, John W

DeLong, William E.

Denison, Edmund D.

Denison, John W.

Derthick. John II.

Desing, August F

Desing. John.

Dewire, M. V.

Dickerman. Walter

Dickinson, Nathan

Dodge. Engene

Doolittle, James B.

Douglass, Carlos L. Dropke, Charles II

Douglass, Horace G. Douglass, Carlos S.

Dunham, George Dunham. David T. Drake, Brewster B.

Dunn, Edward F

Dunu. Patrick

Pmurphy, John

I

I

1

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1

1

1

1

1

I

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

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1

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1

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1

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1

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1

1

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1

1

1

1

1

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F

1

1

I

I

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1

I

1

1

1

I

1

Ex.kerson. Willis D.

EDS. C. W.

Els, F. W

Ells, George W

Ellsworth, Fred L

Ellsworth, Stewart D.

Engebretsen, Edward

Erwin, William

BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.

.

1

I

1

1

1

F t

1

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

I

I

J

1

1

1

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1

1

1

1

1

I

1

I

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

J

1

I

1

1

I 1 1

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

4

1

1

I

1

1

I

1

Curtis, Walter.

Cusack, Frank

Cusack. John

Cusack, M. E.

I

I

1

1

1

I

I

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

I

1

E

D

950

11:12

1

t

1

Chatfield. Seneca B.

Christie, George

1

I

1

1 1

B

1

1

1

1

Conley, Stephen E.

took, Lewis L Cooley, Rufus

574

Rames, Francis II.

Ebert, Fordinant

1

DeWitt, William II.

1

1

Davis, James B.

1070

BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.

Fairchild, Daniel 710

Fairchild, David L. 1163

Fairchild, Nelson. 713

Featherstone, Marshall AI. 1326

Febry, William 855

Fellows, Theodore .\

715

Hanson, Albert M.

1208

Ilarmon, William

1401

Harrington, George L.

872

Harrington, Grant

1062

Harris, John H. 600

Hatch, Hobart M. 687

Hatch. Seymour N

TOS

Ilawes, L. Edmund 1

I

1352

Ilelling, Carl

Henderson, John F

1

Ilenu, Frank L. 005 I 1 1

Hennessey, James 002

Hibbard, Elijah T

Higbee, William S.

1 063

1 Fraser, James W. 1447 1 1

1 1 Freeman, Arthur H. 1022

French, Charles S

1 825

Frey. Jacob C.

1113

Fricker, Alfred H. Ł

Hoffman, John H. I

1

I 6-10

1 1 Fryer, John H. 1218

Funk, John L. 14-10

G

Gage, Charles HI 847

Garbutt, John

SIO

Gates, Charles M. 1

726

Gavin, James L. S05 1

Gibbs, Charles R

1232

1 1 Gifford, Ezra 642 I

Goelzer, John 1

505

Gould, Jay B. 13-10

Ł 1 Graydon, John R 1151 I

Greene, Charles P 1

1400

Groene, Porter

Grunewald. John

1

Ilalverson Bros. Co. 12.10

Halverson, G.

12.10

Halverson, II. L. 1241

Halverson, M. G. 1240

Halvorsen, H. T.

658

Hamilton, Herbert O. 1276

Hammersley, William H., Sr. S48

Fellows, Timothy H. 703

Ferry, Chester A

1019

1

1

Fish, Charles R

I181

1

1

.

Fish. Howard E. 1310 1

Fish, Jasper M. 1

I I

$16

Fish, Silas B.

I

I 1

1090

Flack, John G. 794 1 1 1 1 1 I

Fleming, Charles G.

1148

Foote. Lncien

1

CS1

Foster. Asa

1369

Fountaine, Charles 13ST

Francis, Henry

044

1 Francisco, Newton O 1190 1 1

Fraser, Alexander

1444

I

Higgins, Francis M. 1 1

Iligh, Charles.

Ilitchcock, Amos H. 1218 1 1

I Hodges, William 142[ I

Ilogo, Albert

1

712

1 Holcomb, Willis P. 1083 1 1

Ilollister, G. Hart 1

1130

Ilollister, J. I. I I I 1203

Holloway, W. V. B

Holmes, Russell

Homan, Bartholomew 1

Hooper, Edmund J

1 581

I 1 Host, Ernest J 1115

Host, Walter R. 630

I Hubbard, Frank A 1127 I I 1

Hurey. George W 1

1 1255

t 1 HIuth. Ilalmuth 1.172 I

JIntton, George. +

1

Ingalls, Jerome 1166

Ingalls, John i' ..

1185

Ingalls, Silas

1111

Isaac, Morris 1149

Hafs, Andrew W

7.85

Hall, John.

1 1

1

Goff, Sidney C. 1

1 1

I

1

1

1

1 1 1

Ives, Clinton l'.

I

I

1

1

1

I

I

1

1

1

1

1 A 1

1

I

1

1 659

1 I

613

I 1

1

Ileagman, Albert S.

1

1 1216

I 1261

1

1

1 759

BIOGRAPHIICAL INDEX.

Jennings, John T. 731

Johnson, David D.

1128

.Johnson, Edgar M. 1088

Johnston, William H. S-14

Lean. Thomas E. 1209

Ledger, Walter E

692

Lindsay, H. F.

1210

Lockwood. William H. 832 1

Long, Hugh D STS 1 1

Loomer, Isaac S 1191

Loveland, Treasure K.

1397

Lowell, Angevine D.

9.80

Luedtke, August

620

Lyon. Jay I

570

Nic

MeCabe, Charles 1316

MeCabe, Richard 131> 1 1

MeDougall. John S.

MaKenzie, Frank.

1 1463

Mckinney. A. E. 1 I

1 I

1 Me Willen. Robert G. 1269 1

NI

Maas. Jacob 1096

Mack. Charles W

1 1391

Malany. Legrand F 1162 1

1 I Mallory, Henry I. 1123 1 1 1 F

Malsch. Fred_ 531 1 I

1 1 1 Malsch, Herman 1 787

Markel. William

J

006;

I

1

1 612

Martin, James T. 1098

1 Massey, William E. 652

1 Matheson, Alexander E. I 65.1

Matheson, Donald F 1

1 1373

Matheson. Jolm

645

Matteson, Cyrus A 826

Mayer, John

1403

Mayhew, Milton M.

1 SP

Maxon, Austin C.

Į

I

1

1331

Maxon, Jesse G.

Maxon, Nathan D.

Meadows, John G. 1

1 1115

Means, James 1004

Meister. Gustave 618

1 Melges. August 1350 1 1

Mereness, Clarence

1 Moroness, Ileman 790

lawson, John_

Lawton, Herbert N

1020

Loan. Robert J 751

Miller. Edward.

1 1 1

1 1 I 1 Kroenke. Carl 1458

1 1 Krohn. Bernhard A 1026 1 1 1

Kull. Andrew I

592

L

I

1 1 Kull. Charles J 1

798

Kull. Grover 1116

Kull, John M.

I 1079

L

La Bar, Daniel E 1039

Lackey, Thomas 1298

Ladd, Oren E. 023

Lake. Elder Phipps W 936

Lake Geneva Sanitariums 1 400

lawrie, Charles.

Lawson. Frank F.

$13

Merwin. George II.

Millar. Edwar

1

1

1

1

1

1 I 1

1 1 L I 1 Kohn. Phillip II. 747 1 I

Kooppen, William 1

012

1 Krahn. August 1195

1236

Kline, Philip

1

1 Kupiert, Charles. 1002 I

Kniep. Peter I

1477

Knutson. Knute G. 1007 1

Kolm, John

732

Kohn, Lawrence C. 1 1 1

719

Kisher. George.

1286

Kizer. Fernando (

I

1

1

1

672

1 1 King, Oscar A 1191 1

Kinne. Edward

1261

Kinyon. William 639 1

Kiser. F. Henry

1

1204

1 Kimball, Henry CSG 1 I 1 1

Kimball. Lewis A 1

1

K

Kachel, John 1215

Kachel, T. 1 1219

Kellogg, George 727 I 1 1

Kendrick, Ansel Hl 1049 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

I

1

I

1

I 1 1040

I

1

1 1335

1 1 Kranse, Angust 697 1 1 I

Martin, Miss Helen 1

I

1 I I

I

1 I

1

BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.

1238

1307

972

721

1465

1021

102-1

1389

1325

1213

1462

602

981

957

1119

Nott. Charles H.

1257

1130

1446

1393

051

1260

1174

650

1207

677

614

1396

1167

1247

662

600

1241

1131

1455

846

1435

918

703

Số6

965

742

1165

893

62-1

594

879

10S4

638

1060

1266

N

Nicholas, Father James

Nichols, Levi

Nokes, Albert J

Norris, Harley C.

North, Charles H.

Norton, William C.

O'Brien, Harold N.

O'Dell, Larmer G

O'Leary. Arthur

Osmond. Joseph H. Oleson, Ole.

Page, Edward

Page. Jay W.

Palmer. Alexander

Palmer, Byron S.

Palmer, Edwin E.

Palmer, William

Papenfus, Emil.

Parker, B. R ..

Passage. William T

Pearce, George D.

Peck, Charles I.

Pendergast, John W Peck, George P.

Pelers, Edward A

Pelerson, Almon I Peterson, Albert E.

Miller, Louis

Miller. William

Mills, Oflin II.

Mitchell. Benjamin F.

Mitchell. John

Mohr, Henry

Moore. Frank S

Moran, Martin.

Morgan. John I

Morrison, Smith B.

Morrissey, Maurice.

Munson, Charles II Mott, Alfred

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 I

1 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

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1

1

1

1

1

1

1

O

P

1175

1077

1312

Reader, Beacon John

Redenius, .. H Reader, J. J. Reader,

Reck, James S.

Renner, George II. Reinert, Malch & Baumbach Reinert, Edward Renner, John.

Reynolds, Brnoni ( ..

Reynolds, Merriont E

Richards, Horace S

Rintman, Engene

Rivers, John P'.

Robinson, Albert S Robers, Henry .1

Rockwell.

Rockwell. LeGrand, Jr.

Rockwell, LeGrand, Sr.

Peterson, Miss Anna.

Peterson, Elmer

Peterson, Michael T.

Peterson, Peter

Peterson, Peter G. l'etrie, Elry C.

Phelps, Sherman

Pierce. G. Delos. Phillips, Volney B Phillips, Lewis F. Phillips, II. I ...

Pohl, John

Porter, Doric C.

Potter, Charles E.

Potter, Charles Il.

Powers, Richard Potter, Joseph

Pramer, Fremont P

Prudames, Charles Price, Edwin G.

Purdy, Perry 1 Pugh, Thomas II. Puffer, George E.

Randall, William F Randall, George E.

1

1

I

F

I

I

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

I

I

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 1

1

1

1

1

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1

1

1

1

1

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1

1

1

1

1 1

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1

I

I

1

1

1

1

I I

1 I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 1 I

1

Porter, Lester C.

1

1

1 1

1

1

1

1

A

1 1

Ranney, Perry

1

1

1

1

1

1

L

1 1

1 1

I 1 1

1

1

1

I

1

1 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

S

i

1

1

1

1

1

1

Reynolds, James

1350

1:57

610

1319

1150

1

1

1

I

1

1 1 1

1

T

1

1

701

BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.

Rodawalt, Stephen

1253

Rodman, Andrew 947

Rodman, Willard 902

Rogers, Harold H 1184

Romare, Oscar E.

1203

Ross, Bion C. 808

Itnelilman, Christian F. W. 1245

Russell. John 1054

Russell. Thomas 1054

Stanford, DeWitt 1086

Starin, Frederick J 1212

Sioneall, Joseph 605

Stopple, Tlerman I 1 1 1 1171

Stopple, Isaac. Jr. 1009 1 1

1 Stopple, Isaac, Sr. 1119 1 1

Stork. Albert 1474

Stradinger, Gottlob J

1

1405

Stubbs, Charles H 1117

Stupfell, J. B.

967

1

Snessmilch, Ernst L. von 1173 J

Sumner, Charles B.

1151

Sutherland. Ilerbert E.

1056

Swarlz, Oliver

1468

T

Tappen. George T

720

Taylor, Benton B 13.55

Taylor, George G 1

1 1

1025

1 Seymour, John V 1187 1 1 1

Sharp, John 1030 1 1

Shaver, Henry J 1

1412

Sherman, Curtis II 663

1 1 J Sherman, Ervin O. SSO

1 1 I Sikes, Charles A. 594 L

Skeels, John G. 625 1

J 1

Skiff, Benjamin J. 1 1

1 1 1 I

1 Smith, Albert E. 1140 1 1

1 1 1 Smith. Alfred D. 1370

Smith. Alfred J

616

1

1

1 1 t Tobin, John T. 671

I 1 Tratt, Ralph 1235

1 Tubbs, Willis 1 1092

Tuft. David

1252

1

Turner, Thomas

1375

1

Tyrrell. William H. 1051

U

Smok, Adam

Snyder, Jomm Il., Jr.

553

Southwick, Oliver. I

Southwick, William 11.

971

Spaight, Jolm

Npensley, Mrs. Eliza

Spensley, Robert 1338

Sporbeck, George W. 1277

Sprackling, Charles .A. IL. 1926

Stafford. Samuel II 796

Stam, Joseph. 1295

I

Schmidter, Nathaniel 1

1

1

1 I 14-11

Schulz, Julius F. W. 960 1 1 1

1 Schulz, William 1111 1 1 1

Schutt, Herman 1087

Schwartz, Jolm 1

1344

I Seaver, William I 1346 I 1

1 1 Taylor, Guy M. 1168 1 I

1

Taylor. John 1

1095

1

1

T

I 1 Taylor. Ora P. 074 1 1 L

1

Taylor, William

978

1

1 1 Toetshorn, Fern S $51. 1

1 Terrace. Otto Y. $33

1 1 Thayer, Henry E 1001 1

1182

Thiele. Henry

Thomas, R. H. 040 1

1 Thorpe. James 1476

1

Smith, Charles A

1420

1

Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth B.

Smith, Esek D. 1180

Smith, Fred J.

1

1

1 1 1432

Smith. Herman

Smith, Oliver I ..

1

931

Smith, Richard

1

I

Utter. Clarence E.

1272

l'tter. John W.

1201

V

Van Slyek, George W 802

Van Velzer, George M

1315

VanVelzor, Philander K

1100

Voltz. Herman

1068

Voss. John G

1400

Voss. John I.

1110

I

1999

Smith. George Il

1

1

1

1

S

Sage, Chaney I 1045

Salisbury. Albert

I I 1 1

BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.

W

Wilcox. Thomas II ..

Wilear, William I. 1469

Wade. Henry II.

1312

Wilkins, Albert P. $12

Wagner, Jom.

1105

Williams, Charles MI.

Walker, Oliver II.

Williams, Edward F

Walsh, Frank

1176;

Williams, 12. Il. 1231 1

Walters, Eugene A

021

Williams, Royal J 1416 1

Walworth State Bank

820

Williams, Thomas F 012

Watrous, Edward B

Williams, William II. 1259

Weaver, Silas E.

1328

Williamson, Andrew

Webb, Sylvester T. 1 I

1179

Wilmer, August

Webster. Joseph P. 1152

Wilmer, Bernard 1131

Weeks. Mrs. Esther An 1268

Wilmer. Charles B. 1127

Weeks. Lewis S 1269

1125

Winn. Henry 1227%

Weeks, Spencer

1107

Winn. John 11 1

1 1003

Weeks, Wilbur G.

1102

Weinhoff, Father John J.

1104

Winter. Frederick C. 1353

Welch, John $60

Wisconsin Butter & Cheese Co. 5000

Welch. Seymour II. 1

1251

Wise, Jonas B.

Wiswell, Charles II.

1233

Welsher, II. J.

946

Wood, George

1065

Wendt, Frederick 1

1451

Wormood. Frederick E 716

Wright. Benjamin F 1313

West. Frank

1023

Wost. Mark H.

1367

West, Walter A

724

1 Westphall. Charles L. 1 I

1473

Wheeler. Isaac

White, Edgar E.

1206

Z

Zaspel, Otto R.

1.407

White, Jay H.

1384

Whiting, William H

1

1

1

1

700

Anill. David F ..

199

1

1

1

I

1 1

I

1

I

1

t

F

1 1

1

1

1 1

1

I

1 1 4

1

1

1

1

1

656

White. Henry H.

1

1

I

1 1

Wurth. Charles II

Wylie. George W. 1126

Wylie. Ilerbert E.

1121

1 1

1 I

1

1

West. Ernest 1

1 835

1

1

Weld. John I

1248

Wilson. John G. 1331

Weeks. Martin W

1

1

1

Winter. Charles

1

1

1

1

1

1 1

1 1

Wright. Merrick

1 1

1360

OUTLINE MAP OF WALWORTH COUNTY,

WAUKESHAY

JEFFERSON

COUNTY

6

6

5 4

3

1

Crouks&

11

12

TROY CENTER IN

17

16

13

HELAGRANCE

WHITEWATER

14

LA GRANGE

2Nd

Green LaNe 27

25

O

36

J2

33/

34

35

36

3/ 32

33

35

3 4

3.

32

3 3

S

4

3

2

4

4

3

6

4

4

KASIT

VITTA LANG

8 ## 9

2

7

10 9 PECK'S STA.

11

12

7

8

9

10

MILLARD

Lake

15

14

13

18

17

16

15

14

SUGAR, CREEK. MLAFAYETTE

19

PRAIRIE 2,

24

50

29

28

17

$96

25

30

29

28

27

26

25

29

28

27

26

25

30

29

28

27

2 4

25

: 31

6

3

2

LYONS

~

12

FAIRFIELD

13

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HISTORICAL

CHAPTER I.

PRE-GLACIAL EPOCH-GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS.

A few of the more plainly told facts or statements derivable from the state and federal geological surveys may at least provisionally account for the present face of Walworth county. In a pre-glacial age (its beginning and end not to be more nearly estimated in calendar years than are star dis- tances in statute miles) the rock floor of the southern tiers of Wisconsin counties was of latest formation and uplifting from the dark waste of waters. As to that backward-stretching segment of eternity, geology is at one with Genesis : "The earth was without form and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep." At the beginning of the period called "eocene"- morning of life-and by American writers also naned Laurentian, an almost solitary island of granite or crystalline rocks, in outline a rudely made V, covered most of Labrador, a large part of Quebec and Ontario, and the more northerly province of Kewatin. It had its lower point near the southern shore of Lake Superior, and it enclosed between its arms a larger Hudson's bay.

Apparently rent from this southern point was a much smaller island, lying mostly within the present limits of Wisconsin, but including part of the upper Michigan peninsula. Thus early began the relationship of these two states, ending geographically and politically in 1836. Besides these and a few smaller islands, and excepting the two relatively narrow ridges which marked the lines of the Appalachian and the Rocky Mountain systems. all on the con- tinent. from Alaska to Panama, was an unlighted, fishless, innavigable sea.

The rocky materials of these islands, compressed laterally and folded and in other ways distorted by upheaval, and, perhaps, by alternate sub- sidence, rose to far greater heights than are now to be seen on earth. How high they were is only inferred by widely varying conjecture from the great but uncertain depth and breadth of the later sedimentary and calcareous de

26

WALWORTH COUNTY, WISCONSIN.

posits formed by nature's continent-making agencies, in great part, at least, from the disintegrated and recomposed materials of those overtowering ranges and peaks. The thickly-shrouding vapors which had long shut out the light of sun and stars were condensed to water that gathered itself into destructive torrents, and the acid-laden atmosphere waited like an obedient servant upon the spirit of the flood. There were other helps doubtless, but their dim and confused record is best translated or hypothetically explained by patiently- observing and ingeniously-conjecturing geologists.

When the solid foundation was laid the surface of the county was left far from even. At several points within the county borders the upper- lying rock has been found, by measurement of deep wells, at heights above sea level ranging say, between 480 and 870 feet-or from 100 feet below to nearly 300 feet above the level of Lake Michigan. Great variation of heiglit has been found at points but a mile or less apart. The bottom of the low-lying pre-glacial Troy valley was found at 480 to 500 feet; in East Troy and Spring Prairie at 530 to 820 feet ; in Lyons and Bloomfield at 643 to 800 feet ; in Troy and Lafayette at 480 to 840 feet ; in Geneva and Linn at 700 to 870 feet : in LaGrange and Whitewater at 665 to 850 feet : in Sugar Creek and Richmond at 600 to 830 feet; in Darien and Sharon at 780 to 810 feet : in Delavan and Walworth at 500 to 800 feet : at Elkhorn 810 feet. These measurements, though too few and perhaps too inexact for a sailing chart, may show that the following glacial movements and meltings left the surface of the county much better graded for its present uses. An ideal column of under-lying strata, as shown by the state's geologist is, in order of time:

.

1. Granite or crystalline rocks.

2. Muronian (iron-bearing ) rocks.

.3. Potsdam sandstone.

.4. Lower magnesian limestone.

5. St. Peter's sandstone.

Trenton and Galena limestone.

Cincinnati ( Hudson River) shale.

8. Niagara limestone.

9. Glacial drift.

For more than one-half of the county the Niagara stratum is wanting. and. as depicted on geological charts, a ribbon-like belt of Cincinnati shale ( dipping toward Lake Michigan) divides it from the Trenton and Galena formation. The shale belt reaches from the Illinois line, by way of Linn

27

WALWORTHI COUNTY, WISCONSIN.

and Walworth town-line, to the Troys, whence its course is toward the north- east corner of the castern town.

It is not to be known how many ice sheets have successively covered some part or all of the county's area, but the so-named Green Bay and Lake Michigan glaciers brought the lower loop of the great Kettle moraine into the northern part of Lagrange and Whitewater. AAn attendant or soon fol- lowing offshoot of the latter-named glacier moved across Milwaukee, Want- kesha. Racine and Kenosha counties and the lake-shore counties of Illinois, and formed the Valparaiso moraine, which reached from Waukesha county to Porter county. Indiana. having Burlington in its line of invasion. A spur or branch, now named the Delavan lobe of the Lake Michigan glacier, was pushed across Walworth, covering most of its southern half and its north- western quarter, and meeting the Milton and Johnstown moraines of Rock county westward and the Marengo drift southward. Delavan lake and its outlet divides this lobe, and hence the Darien and Elkhorn moraines. The charts also show a conjectural Genoa moraine. less plainly indicated. but not improbable.

The latest and most likely greatest of these invading and overwhelming ice sheets found here its southmost limit. The arrested mass, heavily weighted with the abundant and various spoils of its northern conquests, began the long period of its dissolution. As it slowly dropped its burden of clay. sand, gravel, pebbles, and boulders its rising torrents found or forced their outlets by the winding ways of the present creeks, the valleys of which are now far wider than needful to carry gulfward the little floods of spring and autumn. To the action of moving and melting glaciers is ascribed the present contour of the county. It may be supposed that the irregular sur- face of the latest rock deposits turned and in other ways affected the general course of the glacier across the county, and that fragments of these rocks were borne along from the eastern side of the county to be dropped in towns and counties lying some miles westward. It is even imaginable that the tremendous force of the moving mass stripped the western part of the county of its Niagara stratum, for such effects elsewhere are attributed to such cause. It is also possible that the Elkhorn moraine was formed later than the parallel Darien moraine, as the melting mass presented the aspect of a body retreating with its face to the front. Northeastward from Elkhorn about a quarter of the county is covered with the earlier moraines, the ma- terials far-brought from the north and mixed with a large portion of pebbles and mud torn and ground from nearer-lying rocks. Something considerable was added from the outwash of the last great glacier. The drift deposit

28

WALWORTH COUNTY, WISCONSIN.

has been found of greatly varying depth; as at Elkhorn about 275 feet ; at points of the Darien moraine from 400 to 600 feet; at Yerkes Observatory (in Walworth) 405 feet; at adjacent points in southeastern Rock county 40 to 100 feet.

It can not be said with strong assurance that nature's tremendous form- ative work is yet finished for this county. The earthquake vibration of 1908, so distinctly perceived at Chicago, Aurora, and other points not farther away. were also felt for an instant here-barely felt, but unmistakably. It is probable that no place between the poles, whatever its latitude, is wholly and forever exempt from the action of cosmic or of subterranean forces, though man very reasonably believes that this earth, if not made ex- pressly for his home, has been made generally habitable for him. The dwel- lers of Walworth do not as yet feel as insecure as if they had chosen their homes at the foot of the Andes.

CHAPTER II.

SURFACE OF THE COUNTY AND OTHER NATURAL FEATURES.

At the appearance of human life the surface of the county must have been well drained of its greater floods, its higher ridges settled and com- pacted. and all that was not covered with water overspread with many forms of vegetable growtli-subsistence for many forms of lower animal life. Walworth is but a small segment of the great area of the upper Mississippi valley and the region of the great lakes, and its superficial aspect is in most respects that of the greatly favored belt of southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois. There is nowhere within the county a height that, except in loose local habit of speech. can be called a hill. Neither are there deep-lying. twi- lighted gorges, or other features of nature in her more imposing or more wanton character.

HEIGHTS ABOVE SEA LEVEL.

A few official barometrical measurements, in feet above sea level, may give a fair notion of the upper and lower limits of unevenness. Railway sta- tions, at which most of these observations were taken, are usually on lower ground than their villages, and somewhat variable figures are shown in dif- ferent tabulations. For instance, the height of Lake Michigan is set down at 578 feet and also at 580 feet above sea level.

Allen Grove (old station) 871

Honey Creek ( village) 816

Allen Grove (new station)

918

Lake Beulah ( station) 825

Bardwell

So7 Lake Geneva (city) 8-8

Darien

946

Lyons ( station) 800

Delavan

So7

Mayhew ( station ) 865

Duck Lake (or Lake Como) . . East Troy .

848

Sharon

1028

850

Springfield

848

Elkhorn ( station)

996

Spring Prairie 020

Elkhorn ( northwestern corner)

1137

Troy Center

Elkhorn ( city )

IO31

Walworth (station) 1004

Fayetteville

86.

Whitewater 823

Geneva (point on section 19) 1140

Yerkes Observatory 1050

Geneva Lake 852

Zenda (station )

30

WALWORTH COUNTY, WISCONSIN.

PRAIRIES, OPENINGS AND FORESTS.

The prairies are nowhere boundless to the eye, and, but for small areas, nowhere quite level or greatly rolling. The primitive forests, with tangled undergrowth, reached no great distance backward from the margins of lakes and banks of creeks. Timber-openings limited and were limited by the prairies, and this both agreeably and usefully to pleasure-loving and profit-seeking man. The barren gravel knolls are few and conveniently distributed. The marshes were usually small, and several of these have been drained. The largest was that part of Honey Creek valley locally known as Troy marsh, in southern sections (square miles) of that town; and Turtle Creek marsh, in the eastern sections of Richmond. Both of these have contracted their arca and both will soon be added to the acreage of dairy land. Pursuant to an act of Congress, September 28. 1850, relating to reclamation of swamp and overflowed lands unfit for cultivation, a patent signed by President Pierce, December 13, 1856, granted to Wisconsin all such lands remaining unsold at passage of that act. Proceeds of sales from these lands are invested for the benefit of the State University. Tracts of this description selected in Walworth county were in the following named towns :

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