USA > Wisconsin > Wisconsin, its story and biography, 1848-1913, Volume VII > Part 11
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In 1896 Mr. Jung bought the plant of the Obermann Brewing Com- pany at Fifth and Cherry streets, the location of the present plant of the Jung Brewing Company. From a comparatively small industry with an output of forty thousand barrels, Mr. Jung increased the capacity to one hundred and fifty thousand barrels, and built up a thriving
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business by his energy and industry. The product which in recent years has been distributed to the trade under his name has conformed to the highest standard of quality and purity, and has a great reputation among discriminating users of beer.
If the story could be told in detail, the history of Mr. Jung would be one of self-sacrifice and self-denial, a constant overcoming of obsta- cles, and a career in which thrift and consistent effort finally won him a place second to few among the great manufacturers and business leaders of Wisconsin.
The late Philipp Jung married Anna D. Best, daughter of Jacob Best. Mrs. Jung and six children survive him, the names of latter being : Philipp, Jr., Mrs. Elizabeth Aiple of St. Paul, Minnesota ; Adolph W .; Mrs. Edward Heaney; Mrs. Anna Daniels; Ernst, treasurer of the Jung Brewing Company.
HON. ARTHUR MACARTHUR, LL. D. By the waters of the sombre highland lochs of Katrine and Awe the clan MacArthur lived, and wrought, and died. Of its great triumphs, of its mighty disasters, cen- turies of Scottish lore bear vivid testimony. Its history, in truth, is that of Scotland.
Of this race was born at Glasgow on the 26th day of January, 1815, Arthur MacArthur, Jr. The father, Arthur MacArthur died, and the mother, Sarah MacArthur, moved to America. The boy was edu- cated at Amherst and Wesleyan University, and admitted to the New York bar in 1840. He practiced in that city and in Springfield, Massa- chusetts for some years with marked success. During this period he was Judge-Advocate of the Western Military District of Massachusetts.
In 1849 he removed to Milwaukee where he at once became prom- inent. Two years afterwards he was elected City Attorney. In 1855 he became Lieutenant-Governor of Wisconsin on the ticket with Barstow as Governor. The title of Barstow was disputed on the ground that he was not elected. MacArthur ran ahead of his party and his elec- tion was not challenged. Bashford, Barstow's contestant, caused a quo warranto to be issued against Barstow, and the latter, before the matter was decided, resigned. At this point a very important question arose. The Constitution of Wisconsin provides that in case of the death, resignation, or inability to serve on the part of the Governor, the duties thereof devolve on the Lieutenant-Governor. MacArthur took the ground that he was entitled to the vacant office, holding that the question was a political, not a judicial one; that the Board of Elec- tors had declared Barstow elected Governor, and that their decision must be regarded as final, the courts having no jurisdiction. During the hiatus MacArthur held his position as Governor and administered its duties. The case excited universal interest at the time. MacArthur yielded the office when the courts decided in favor of Bashford, and
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resumed his duties as Lieutenant-Governor. Before his term was com- pleted, however, he was elected Judge of the Second Judicial Circuit, the most important in the state. He was reelected at the expiration of his first term of six years with great unanimity. His course was so upright, his decisions so just and courageous, and his bearing so blame- less that in this position he became one of the most popular men in Wisconsin.
In 1870 he was appointed by President Grant an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia and from that time on was a conspicuous character in Washington. His four volumes of the Reports of his Court show it to have possessed a broader juris- dietion than any other tribunal in the country.
In 1888 Judge MacArthur after a judicial career of thirty years turned from law to literature, from the noise of the forum to the "still air of delightful studies." Until his death in 1896 he devoted himself to literary affairs with marked success.
In 1886 "Education in its Relation to Manual Industry" was pub- lished and received widespread and favorable recognition among emi- nent educators and others, and was noticed extensively by the press in terms of high appreciation. His greatest work "The Biography of the English Language" is a book of marked learning and research. Among others of his output which brought forth popular favor were "Essays and Papers on Miscellaneous Topics," "Law as Applied in a Business Education," and a "History of Lady Jane Grey."
The Judge had a wonderful grasp of world affairs. No subject seemed unworthy of his attention and interest, and he entered into the discussion of every topie with an enthusiasm which was contagious. He possessed to a marked extent the rare faculty of inspiring others with his own charm. A young man once naively admitted that when talk- ing with Judge MacArthur, he was quite carried away by his own elo- quence. His sense of humor was well developed, and his quickness of repartee bewildering. As a listener he was all attention, all respon- siveness, all sympathy. His gentleness and kindliness impressed every one, and while he was on the bench it was currently but erroneously believed that his sentences were less severe than those of his colleagues. His exquisite courtesy and consideration persuaded the prisoners them- selves that they were more fortunate at his hands than if they had been brought before another.
In appearance Judge MacArthur might have stepped from a Van Dyke canvas. Tall and proud, with a head of classic proportions, eyes that might have been cynical if not filled with kindly humor, and a smile of winning sweetness combined with a certain dignity and grace of expression, made him resemble those cavaliers that Dutch artists loved to paint.
Judge MacArthur knew intimately most of the great men who
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were his contemporaries and many and interesting were his anecdotes thereof.
At a dinner given in honor of Cardinal Gibbons, then Archbishop, the Archbishop told a story of Choate and Webster which he had hap- pened upon in his reading. They were the opposing counsel in a celebrated case on the infringement of a patent of a certain wheel. Mr. Choate made a long and eloquent speech, devoting much time to pointing out the difference between the two wheels which were in evi- dence. By the time he had finished there seemed to be no resemblance between his client's and the plaintiff's wheel. Webster's reply was very terse and characteristic. ""Gentlemen of the jury," he said, "there are the wheels. If you can see any difference between them. it is more than I can do." The verdict was for the plaintiff. "Yes," said Judge MacArthur, who was seated opposite Archbishop Gibbons. "I remember the incident very well. It took place in Boston, and you will perhaps be surprised to know that I was associated with Mr. Choate in the case." "Really" asked the Archbishop. "It is, indeed interest- ing and unusual to have such a story verified by an eye-witness."
The Judge's brilliant wit is well illustrated in the following anec- dote of an interview with General Grant at the time the latter was President. On account of the friendship between General Grant and Judge MacArthur, the Judge was selected by the friends of Justice Miller to urge his promotion to the Chief Justiceship. General Grant had already made two appointments, those of General Williams and Caleb Cushing, both of which had been withdrawn. He was deliberat- ing over the name of some other friend to send in to the Senate, when Judge MacArthur called. "May I speak to you Mr. President," he asked, "about the matter of this Chief Justiceship?"
"Certainly," answered the President, "on one condition."
"And that condition ?" interrogated Judge MacArthur.
"That you are not a candidate, and are not going to urge your own appointment."
"Oh, no!" said Judge MacArthur, "I would never suspect this administration of making so sagacious a selection."
Judge MacArthur was the father of the famous soldier, Lientenant- General Arthur MacArthur.
GEN. ARTHUR MACARTHUR, the twelfth and last lieutenant-general of the United States Army, Wisconsin's most distinguished soldier, was born in Springfield (Chicopee Falls), Massachusetts, June 2, 1845, the son of Arthur and Aurelia (Belcher) MacArthur. His father was a na- tive of Scotland, who came to the United States in his youth and was educated at Amherst, Mass., Wesleyan University and New York City. He settled first in Springfield and in 1849 moved to Milwaukee, Wis- consin, where he became a prominent figure in the public life of the
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state and served on the Circuit Court, as lieutenant-governor and dur- ing the contest between Barstow and Bashford, as governor. In 1874 he accepted an associate judgeship on the bench of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia from which he retired for age.
Young MacArthur spent his boyhood in Milwaukee where he attended the public schools and was instructed by private tutors. During this time the political struggle that was to culminate in the Civil War was in progress, each year becoming more acute and each year more power- fully stirring the country, and the final scene in one episode of slave- running took place in Milwaukee under his eyes. All of this was cal- culated to give rise to a state of mind that would send the lad to the front when the crisis came. His penchant, however, at this time seems to have been for the Navy, his desires in this direction having been aroused by the appearance, on leave, in Milwaukee, in his midshipman's uniform, of a school mate several years older, who had entered that service. His wishes however, were not to be realized and the initiation of the great civil conflict by the firing on Fort Sumter was soon to change the course of his life.
Wisconsin, like all the loyal states, was called upon to furnish its quota of troops and the excitement of recruiting and regiments leaving for the front determined the future general to volunteer. At this time he was but sixteen years old and of slight physique, so his father op- posed his wishes and persuaded him, with much reluctance, to postpone this for a year.
It is told that so anxious was the lad to volunteer that Judge Mac- Arthur had to have him watched to see that he did not join some regi- ment as it left for the front. However, the following year his father gave a reluctant consent, so that on August 4, 1862, at the age of seven- teen years and two months, he received a commission as first lieuten- ant and adjutant of the 24th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry; a regi- ment that had been raised by the Chamber of Commerce of Milwaukee.
On September 5, 1862, the 24th marched out of Milwaukee and en- trained for the front. Upon arrival the regiment was brigaded to en- eral Sheridan's famous Eleventh, afterwards Third Division and was first engaged on October 8, 1862, at Chaplin Hills, Kentucky (Perry- ville) where the young adjutant displayed a coolness that was ever to be one of his distinguishing characteristics when under fire. At the battle of Stone River, December 30-31, 1862, his conduct was heroic and he emerged from it the hero of the regiment. In his official report of the battle Major Hibbard commanding the regiment said :- "To the adjutant of the regiment (Arthur MacArthur, Jr.) I am more than indebted for his aid and efficient service rendered during the engage- ments. Young and gallant, I bespeak for him an honorable career." Colonel Greusel, who took command of the brigade to which the 24th was attached after General Sill fell said "Adjutant MacArthur of the
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24th Wisconsin behaved with great coolness and presence of mind, ever ready to obey my commands." In after years an officer, in referring to Stone River, wrote "I cannot refrain from recalling the heroic part which Adjutant MacArthur played in the tragedy of that eventful day, December 31, 1862. At the supreme moment when the enemy was charging in solid columns, overwhelming in numbers, and with almost irresistible impetuosity, the major in command of the regiment was disabled. For an instant a panic seemed imminent; indeed, there was à break to the rear and in a moment a wild stampede would have followed. The adjutant at once grasped the situation and being the only mounted officer in sight, for the moment assumed command and by his ringing orders and perfect coolness, checked the impending panic, restored confidence, rallied and held the regiment in line until completely flanked, it fell back slowly and in order delivering its fire as it did so."
At Missionary Ridge Lieutenant MacArthur again distinguished himself and was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor "for cool- ness and conspicuous bravery in action in seizing the colors of his regi- ment at a critical moment and planting them on the captured works on the crest of Missionary Ridge, Tenn., November 25, 1863, while serv- ing as first lieutenant and adjutant, Twenty-fourth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry."
Major von Baumback, commanding the 24th in this engagement in recommending the award of the medal of honor wrote to the Secre- tary of War, "I beg leave to submit the name of First Lieutenant Ar- thur MacArthur, Jr., adjutant of the regiment, for consideration under Section 6, Act of March 3, 1863, wherein provision is made for the dis- tribution or medals of honor 'to such persons as most distinguished themselves in action * * *
"The forcing of Missionary Ridge may be considered as one of the finest assaults in the annals of the war.
"The position was a commanding one, the works were strong, the defenders numerous and brave, and the approaches difficult both by nature and art, but the charging line went through or over them to a successful issue on the summit of the ridge.
"Among the many acts of personal intrepidity on that memorable occasion, none are worthy of higher commendation than that of young MacArthur, then only 18 years old, who, seizing the colors of his regi- ment at a critical moment, contributed materially to the general result. I remain impressed, now, as I was then, by a sense of the vast impor- tance of this officer's splendid effort on that occasion.
"I think it no disparagement to others to declare 'that he was most distinguished in action' on a field where many in the regiment dis- played conspicuous gallantry, worthy of the highest praise.
"In consideration of the above facts, I recommend that a medal of
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honor be presented to First Lieutenant Arthur MacArthur, Jr., Adju- tant Twenty-fourth Wisconsin Infantry Volunteers for 'coolness and conspicuous bravery in seizing the colors of his regiment at a critical moment and planting them on the captured works on the crest of Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863.'"
The young officer was now not only the idol of the regiment, but he had a reputation for gallantry and coolness that extended throughout the Army of the Cumberland. The Major commanding the regiment having resigned immediately after the battle, MacArthur was commis- sioned to the vacancy so caused and continued to distinguish himself, commanding his regiment at the battles of Danbridge, Resaca, Calhoun, Adamsville, Dallas, Lost Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Nicojack Creek, the battles incident to forcing the Chattahoochee River, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Lovejoy, Spring Hill and Franklin.
His youth and gallantry and the consummate skill with which he handled his regiment soon gave him a reputation second to no regi- mental commander and as the "Boy Colonel" he was known and ad- mired throughout the western armies. Always ready to lead his men into the most desperate fighting he never uselessly exposed them. A reconnaissance on June 2, 1864, in front of the Second Division, Fourth Army Corps, before Kenesaw Mountain, was a brilliant example of the manner in which he conserved his men. The Ninety-seventh Ohio In- fantry operating in front of the second brigade of this division, encoun- tered the enemy in strong force and suffered the severe loss of 98 killed and wounded, including 7 officers, out of a total strength of 369-a heavier loss than it incurred in any of the great battles in which it was engaged during the war. The reconnaissance in front of the first brigade made at the same time by the Twenty-fourth Wiscon- sin Infantry developed the enemy's position and completely gained its object with a loss of two killed and eleven wounded. The men of this regiment had been instructed to each select a tree about fifty yards in front of the line and at a command to run forward and halt behind the tree selected. By this happy adoption of tactics to the terrian the regi- ment advanced three-quarters of the distance to the enemy's line and accomplished its purpose with an unusually small loss. The same skill was shown by Major MacArthur when making a reconnaissance on July 19-20, 1864, in front of the Union lines before Atlanta, the two regiments under his command during this movement regaining their lines without any loss just as the sanguinary battle of Peach Tree Creek was opened by the rebel attack.
At the battle of Kenesaw Mountain the young major was wounded in the right wrist and right breast but refused to leave the field.
At Jonesboro, Ga., he led his regiment in a charge across an open field and drove the enemy from the neighboring woods.
At the battle of Franklin, the Twenty-fourth was one of Opdycke's
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brigade that restored the battle after the rebels had broken the Union lines at Carter's Hill. While gallantly leading his regiment and en- gaged hand to hand, the young major received three wounds, one in the left breast, one in the right shoulder and the third in the left leg. The importance of the services rendered at this battle by the Twenty- fourth cannot be over-estimated. General Stanley, commanding the Fourth Corps writes of this service "After each battle we always have brigades, regiments, and more strange yet, single individuals who set up as battle savers, 1 will not absolutely say that the Twenty-fourth Wis- consin saved the battle of Franklin, but I can testify from the evidence of my own eyes that they had a great deal to do with it.
"At the very moment all seemed to be lost, the routing of the rebels and the retaking of our batteries just as the rebels were about to turn our own guns upon us, was the most important crisis in the battle.
"In this feat of arms the regiment was gallantly and well led by young Colonel Arthur MacArthur, who, I hope, may always be a model of goodness and virtue for our young men as he certainly is for bravery and manliness."
Reward came to the young major in the shape of the brevet rank of lieutenant-colonel, on March 13, 1865 "for gallant and meritorious ser- vices in the battles of Perryville, Kentucky, Stone River, Missionary Ridge and Dandridge, Tennessee," and on the same date he was also awarded the brevet rank of colonel "for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Franklin and Atlanta Campaign."
On May 3, 1865, he was commissioned lieutenant colonel and on June 13, 1865, colonel of the Twenty-fourth.
On June 22, 1865, twenty days after his twentieth birthday and not yet old enough to cast his ballot, he was honorably mustered out of the service with his regiment, the war having closed and the arbitrament of the sword having decided that the Great Republic was to work out its destiny as a united nation.
The young soldier now turned to peaceful vocations like thousands of his fellow citizens and adopted the law as a profession and was ad- mitted to the bar, but his thoughts turned to the profession of arms and his desires to resume it were brought to fruition by the services of his old comrades in arms. Generals Stanley, Kimball, Opdyeke and Thomas all recommended him for a commission in the regular army in the fol- lowing complimentary terms.
Headquarters, Fourth Army Corps, Camp Harker, June 5, 1865.
Hon. E. M. Stanton,
Secretary of War.
Sir :- I have the honor to recommend to your excellency Lieutenant- Colonel Arthur MacArthur, Twenty-fourth Wisconsin Infantry.
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Col. MacArthur, though still a very young man, has, by his merits raised through the grades of a line officer to his present position in command of his regiment.
This officer's name will be found favorably mentioned in reports of all the battles his gallant regiment has fought in this department, which are all the great battles of this Army.
At the battle of Franklin, where Col. MacArthur received two severe wounds, his services were most important and were gallantly performed. In command of his regiment he retook our batteries at the very moment the enemy were about to turn them on us. *
Very respectfully, D. S. STANLEY, Major General.
Headquarters, First Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, Shields Mills, April 13, 1865.
Hon. E. M. Stanton,
Secretary of War.
Sir :- It is with greatest pleasure that I have the opportunity to give my testimony to the gallantry and ability of Colonel Arthur MacArthur, Jr., commanding Twenty-fourth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry.
Col. MacArthur, with his regiment (he being in command), was under my command whilst I had the honor to command First Brigade, Second Division, Fourth Army Corps, which was during the campaign of last summer, and which resulted in the capture of Atlanta, Ga. Colonel MacArthur on all occasions distinguished himself for gallantry and effi- ciency as an officer. I can say with truth that Colonel MacArthur has not his superior as an officer in the Army.
Very respectfully, NATHAN KIMBALL, Brevet Major General, Commanding First Division, Fourth Army Corps.
Headquarters, First Brigade, Second Division, Fourth Army Corps, Blue Springs, East Tennessee, April 11, 1865.
Hon. E. M. Stanton,
Secretary of War.
Sir :- I respectfully ask your favorable attention to Lieutenant- Colonel Arthur MacArthur of the Twenty-fourth Wisconsin Infantry Volunteers.
He has ably commanded that gallant regiment for fifteen months, and for the last nine months under my command and personal observation.
In the great assault in Mission Ridge, November 25, 1863, this offi- cer seized the colors of his regiment, and with conspicuous fearlessness,
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bore the old flag in advance of his brave men, until the enemy was hurled in disorder from the crest.
At Jonesboro, Georgia, he led his regiment in a charge across an open field and forced the enemy from the bordering woods.
At Franklin, November 30, 1864, when our lines had been broken at Carter's Hill and eight pieces of artillery which were there had fallen in the enemy's hands, the colonel with a most fearless spirit, led his regiment forward to the lost work, which, in conjunction with the other regiments of the brigade, restored the battle, retook the eight guns, re- took the lost colors of a friendly but less fortunate brigade, captured 10 battle flags and 400 prisoners from the enemy.
The colonel bore himself heroically and to the admiration of his superiors on that trying occasion, until he was borne from the field disabled by two dangerous wounds, one in the leg and the other through the breast. He is a true soldier and a sterling man, and is thoroughly informed in the military art and tactics.
I am, respectfully, your obedient servant.
E. OPDYCKE, Brevet Brigadier General, Commanding.
Headquarters, Military Division of the Tennessee, Nashville, August 13, 1865.
I cordially concur in all that Brevet Brigadier General Opdycke has stated within in regard to the services of Col. Arthur MacArthur, having witnessed his bravery in battle, and being personally cognizant of the good discipline he has always maintained in his regiment, the Twenty- fourth Wisconsin Infantry, whilst the regiment was under his command.
GEORGE H. THOMAS, Major General, United States Army.
On February 23, 1866, he was commissioned second lieutenant in the Seventeenth United States Infantry, and the same day advanced to first lieutenant. On July 28, 1866, he obtained his captainey in the' Thirty-sixth. Infantry.
Now followed twenty-three years of service on the plains of the west and southwest, much of it broken by campaigns against the Sioux and Apache Indians. Such time as active service permitted he employed in study and acquired that great knowledge that was in after years to sur- prise all who came into contact with him and which so pre-eminently fitted him for the work he was afterwards to undertake in the Philip- pines. At the same time he made his company the best in efficiency in the army. Though a strict disciplinarian, he provided in an unusual way for that period, for the needs of his men, introducing the canteen and recreation room for the first time in the Army. The equipment Vol. VII-7
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