USA > West Virginia > Upshur County > The history of Upshur county, West Virginia, from its earliest exploration and settlement to the present time > Part 36
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292
FORMATION OF UPSHUR COUNTY.
W. Read, Howard B. Stewart and Susana Kidd, Lorenzo D. Cutright and Malissa Cutright, John L. Smith and Elen E. Clark, John I. Starcher and Susan E. Ferrill, Jacob J. Smallridge and Mary E. Johnson, William H. Trask and Cornelia E. Wertenbaker, John Casto and Camantha Ann Cutright, James Beverly Foster and Meriam Diannah Waugh, Samuel Westfall and Almira Casto, Lorenzo D. Lorentz and Ann E. Burr, Moses Greathouse and Eliza J. E. Alex- ander, Joseph W. Humphrey and Barbara B. Riffle, Nimrod G. Monday and Jane M. Bodkins, Stephen H. Nicholas and Sarah A. Bailey, Daniel S. Squires and Amelia Burr, Ira Grave and Sarah Ann McCann, Jacob Bonnett and Jane Warner, John W. Browing and and Mary C. C. Shoemaker, William Hornbeck and Frances Woods, Danuel H. Sheumaker and Margarett A. E. Pence, James Sexton and Lucinda Leonard, Norman E. Elknap and Parthena A. Haymond, Lewis E. Price, Jr., and Elizabeth Casto, Elijah Harper and Barbara Strader ;: Leonard R. Howell and Jemina Wetherholt, Perry S. Crislep and Barbara A. Marple, Newton Hess and Carey Ann Oldacre, William Perkins and Sarah A. Gould, George M. Shumaker and Mary J. Foster, William M. Martin and G. E. Jennings, Silas H. Bailey and Mahala Brake.
1856. Daniel D. Havener and Barbara Strader, John L. Queen and Mary Jane Casto, Granville D. Marple and Eliza Loudin, William W. Jackson and Lucy S. Parrack, Marcellus Smith and Mary M. Ware, Marcellus Lewis and Mary I. Johnson, Silas Barb and Anna Roan, Samuel R. T. Alexander and Rebecca Deuley, Philo L. Tenney and Olive Black, Lafayette Hinkle and Louisa I. Post, William F. Green and Lucy M. Anderson, Jacob Simmons and Sarah Ellen Harvey, Mathew J. Kidd and Sarah J. Hodges, Perry Smith and Elizabeth Holbert, William B. Gooden and Magdalene Tenney, Wellington B. Loudin and Caroline E. Jackson, Jacob Keesling. and Lucy J. Woods, Sam W. Harper and Louisa Chipps, George Warner and Rebecca Rohrbough, Almandus Young and Caroline Simons, Salathiel Strader and Elizabeth Peck, John B. Ward and Jane Waugh, Granville Strader and Sarah Ann Hinkle, William T. Smith, and Lucinda Bargerhoff, Eugene T. Summerville and Hester M. Henderson, George H. Clark and Eliza S. Wood, Samuel Abel and Mariam Westfall, Peter Tenney, Jr., and Mary Jane Moody, Edwin Young and Rebecca H. Bartlette, Marshall Smith and Ruth Ware, C. S. Haynes and Rachel Ann Cochran. Howard Rowan and Catherine Allman, James M. Woodson and Elizabeth A. Harrison, Jesse S. Cummings and Rebecca Shreve, Branson R. Simon and Elizabeth M. Matheney, John H. Hodges and Malissa M. Humphrey, Cyrus Armstrong and Elizabeth M. Strader, Seth Williams and Elizabeth Rohrbough, William Hawkins and Caroline E. Farnsworth, Henry M. Douglass and Nancy J. Smallbridge, Perry Lewis and Isabella W. Harris, Lemuel Rollins and Elizabeth Reese, Abraham A. Smith and Nancy Osborne, Nicholas Ours, Jr., and Hettie Ann Bryan, Richard H. B. Day and Martha J. Woods, George Hepner and Martha E. Lovett, George W. Martin and Rebecca A. Hyre, William Loudin and Laura L. Anderson, John Paugh and Catherine Warner, Adam P. Faught and Jane L. Coiner, Wyatt Fitzgerald and Mary Jane Marble, Thomas A. Norvell and Ellen Bean, Byron Love and Mary Jane Arnold, Joseph Gould and Lois Howes, Loyal Y. McAvoy and Margaret E. Windle, Jacob Waggner and Sarah M. Reynold.
1857. Nathaniel Marker and Rebecca J. Grimm, James Woods and Juda S. Pritt, James W. Hickman and Mary A. Marley, Joseph Sheehan and Elizabeth Fogel, Thomas K. Kerr and Louisa V. Hilleary, Martin Hinkle and Olive Keesling, Jacob Grifeth and Rebecca Dean, Thomas A. Gegroe and Jane K.
293:
FORMATION OF UPSHUR COUNTY.
Young, Henry Ours, Jr., and Almira Field, Patrick Durkin and Margaret King, David A. Casto and Angelina F. Carickhoff, Andrew Hinkle and Clarissa E. Cutright, Patrick Flannigan and Bridgett McDermott, Samuel H. Loudin and Margaret I. Marley, Joseph Little and Catherine Boon, Richard Dodson and Mary Barnsgrove, Danuel S. Beahler and Rhuhama Westfall, John Miller and Barbara I. Ours, John W. Moody and Julia A. Campbell, Charles W. Queen and Edith Hannah, John Paugh and Mary I. Newcom, Alfred Waggoner and Phobe McFadden, Nicholas C. Loudin and Mary Jane Reger, James Jones and Ann E. Hooker, Salathiel Cutright and Camantha Warner, Francis M. Slaughter and Caroline Dean, James Young and Rose Anna McAvoy, Douglass Fitzgerald and Rebecca Brake, Hanson Zickefoose and Margaret Gooden, Danuel Bassel and Louisa M. Burr, Asa Strader and Nancy D. Barr, Edward E. Curry and' ? Lucetta Wilson, Jacob R. Morrison and Hester Cutright, Charles Fornash and Eliza Wood, W. D. Farnsworth and Lucinda Reger, Reuben Lowe and Atlanta Kisby, John Ward and Elizabeth Strader, Marshall L. Slaughter and Lottie. Hornbeck, John Davis and Eliza Ann Green, Asa Fornash and Louisa Keesling,. John M. Pinnell and Catherine L. Farnsworth, Ashley Gould and Rowens M. Sexton, William Tenney and Arcadevere Currence, Abram M. Wolf and Tamer - Bond, Anthony Simon and Virginia Wetherholt, Marshall Robeson and Sarah" Floyd. John J. Reynold and Barbara Rohr, Anthony Pifer and Harriet V. Heck, John Brooks and Pauline Olive Haney, John S. Tenney and Elizabeth Allman, T. A. Chipps and Sarah B. Moss, Peachy H. Reeves and Mary C. Neff, Julius Vawter and Emily Smith, John Pringle and Rachiel Cutright. John J. Lemons and Elizabeth Crites, A. R. Chipp and Mary J. Cool, Benjamin Harvey and' America Stump, William A. Horsaflook and Rebecca A. Simon, John Vande- vender and Catharine Hyre, Squire B. McCan and Roxany Gould, Lothrop; Phillips and Charlotte Bean. William Bargerhoff and Sallie Casto, Martin H. Black and Catharine E. Currence, Reason D. Queen and Rebecca Clark, Jacob; Miller and Sarah Pumphrey.
1858. George W. Currence and Rebecca A. Tenny, William Bryan and Julia' Ann Ours, James Lowe and Malissa Jackson, Samuel Bowyer and Mary A. Bambridge, Stephen W. Marteny and Sarah S. Boatwright, Marshall Reger and Mary Elizabeth Hinkle, Sampson M. Gordon and Nancy Keesling, Edwin Perry and Ann M. Thomas, Joseph Lewis and Nancy Crislip, William L. Barb and Ann E. Riggs, G. M. Heavener and Barbara Ann Neff. Jacob Sargent and! Letha E. Simon, Jacob Rohr and Docia A. Reynolds, Chapman McCoy and Maria S. Douglass. C. W. Armstrong and Eliza Curry, Blackwell Sims and Hannah - Rise, Nathan W. Perrine and .lizabeth Brown, Nebemiah Carper and Abizaell Bennett, Alex Whitley and Sophia L. Neely. James W. Wentz and Lucy P. C. Harris, Wilmot Starthy and Anna Bowers, George Phillips and Olive B. Reed, Nekerva Hartwell Gocke and Mary Virginia Mullins, Stuart Hyre and Martha E. Crites, Philo I. Tenney and Ruth Dernass, David Queen and Rebecca Love, Amos Samples and Caroline M. Cunningham, Alfred M. Smith and Martha F. Willoughby, Francis S. Kittle and Eliza Jane Tenny, William G. Ward and Sarah Brooks, Benj. Conley and Lydia Westfall, Greenbery F. Broging and Eliza Ann Breeder, Edwin C. Hyre and Mary E. Rakes, C. G. Von Bonhirst and Olive Lorentz, A. W. Cunningham and Frances A. Clarkson, Daniel J. Carper and Sarah E. Ireland, Giedon Hoover and Sarah J. Browing, Mearbeck Ours and Martha Bryan, William Lowther and Martha Hop, Marshall L. Rohrbough and Margaret McNulty, Robert C. Ferrill and Louisa D. Young, Benjamin
294
FORMATION OF UPSHUR COUNTY.
F. Orndoff and Amanda Crawford, N. R. Borough and Sarah M. Snider, Enoch W. Post and Sarah F. Hotsepiller, John M. Cummings and Sallie A. Strader, Amoc C. Cutright and Elizabeth Simon, Anson Rice Jack and Emily Hefner, Jeremiah Paugh and Jane Neely, Abram Bennett and Elizabeth Meek, Marshall Strader and Lydia Lamb, Clayton P. Cutright and Catharine Crites, Benjamin F. Clarkson and Mary A. Bartlett, John T. Hyer and Elizabeth C. Hotsepillar, Haseldon Ours and Christena Rowan.
1859. James H. Keen and Jane Cox, Samuel Lane and Louisa Weather- holt, Montiville Reger and Sarah Carper, Perry C. Lewis and Margaret Johnson, Job Simon and Elizabeth Cutright, Wiliam S. Loudin and Mary V. Brake, Nathan Smith and Barbara Westfall, James Green and Minerva A. Riffle, George W. Foster and Melvina Reed, Davis K. Johns and Elizabeth Lunceford, Granville Post and Rachael C. Conley, Enoch Westfall and Emma V. Conley, James Long and Ellen Winemiller, Robert C. Shakleford and Lucy Hodges, William Cunnington and Eda Finley, James Jannett and Irmino C. Wilson, Thos. J. Farnsworth and Mary E. Carper, Oliver Abels and Rebecca J. Grimes, Calvin Cutright and Amanda Cutright, Joseph B. Peters and Harriet Murphy, Peter A. Folks and Margaret Simmons, Levi Curkendall and Kezarah Greathouse, Aaron Ligget and Sarah E. Hammer, William L. Simmons and Sarah J. Fret- well, James Gower and Rebecca Warner, Nath. Rohrbough and Pricilla Warner, Addison E. Marple and Marietta Casto, Jacob Hunt and Jane Crites, Alex. A. Haughton and Ann S. Phillips, Leonard J. Rexroad and Sally A. Phillips, Henry Williams and Virginia Hyre, James W. Windle and Elizabeth McAvoy, - Frances Gilmore and Lucy Jackson, Marcellus Bennett and Christena E. Eakle, Joseph Little and Elizabeth F. Hays, Columbus Phillips and Elizabeth Thomas, Moses H. Bennett and Mary Barton, Philip Crites and Barbara J. Simon, New- ton G. Shreve and Martha Harper, James A. Watson and Amanda Shreve, Douglass Johns and Elizabeth Fleming, Gideon Wilson and Lydia M. Curry, - George Phipps and Margaret Smallridge, Elza Garrett Oldacre and Sarah E. Reed, Nelson W. Wingfield and Selvina Harlin, Abraham S. Blagg and Emily M. Armstrong, George M. Shumaker and Virginia Stump, Thomas Bise and - Mary Meek, Egbert Reed Watson and Bettie Kent, F. H. Martin and Mary Smith, John J. Wyatt and Celia J. Gould, Granville D. White and Rebecca Matheney, John Hinkle and Celia Warner, Perry Simon and Eliza Young, James W. Smith and Nancy Garvin, .
1860. Samuel Morrison and Henrietta Graves, Johnson Smith and Eliza- beth Morrison, Allen J. Keesling and Louisa J. Dean, Henry E. Carter and Samantha Reed, Samuel Toppen and Mary A. Coyner, John W. Alexander and Catherine R. White, George M. Horner and Roanna Oldacre, M. J. Fogg and Susan E. Fretwell, Noah S. Hyre and Martha Hinkle, Mathew Davis and Ann Bready, Solomon Holland and Helen M. Janney, Fieldon Reed and Sarah C. Dunbar, Nathan Heavner and Sidney June Strader, Jacob Hanline and Hester A. Lemon, Richard Warner and Mary S. Alexander, George W. Haskins and Sarah J. Harris, Samuel Smallridge and Nancy Smith, John C. Robinson and Lydia A. McDonald, Stephen M. Casto and Mary Black, E. C. Robinson and Almira A. Marple, Robert A. Curry and Margaret E. Bartlett, Morrison Cayton and Susan Reger, James Green and Maria Loudin, William R. Lowe and Marietta Mowery, John Simmons and Nancy Killingsworth, John W. Mick and Mary A. Price, W. W. Killingsworth and Marth I. Bryan, John Fultz and Leah Waugh, William C. Bennett and Mary Reeder, Thomas A. Grove and
295
FORMATION OF UPSHUR COUNTY.
Nancy M. Foster, Jasper Lanham and Sarah Radabaugh, Taylor Hyre and Mary Williams, Jasper N. Marteney and Barbara Harris, Burget Jett and Sarah Ann Oldacre, William Wentz and Cornelia F. Sandridge, George S. Riffle and Martha Ann Strader, Jacob Heavner and Lydia A. Foster, Minor Keesling and Lucinda Radabaugh, David Fitzpatrick and Louisa Keesling, William L. Tenney and Nancy Moody, Granville Dean and Sally A. Lewis, Daniel Lee and Mary Jane Eakle, John Ware and Malinda J. Pritt, Aquilla Osborne and Mary E. Tallman, William Wilfong and Lucy J. Shipman, Isaac White and Mary V. Day, Henry F. Eagle and Julia S. Childress, Peter T. Lynch and Elizabeth A. Tallman, John N. Tenny and Rachel Demoss, Jacob Radabaugh and Nancy Bezlee, Jacob D. Warner and Sarah E. Lawman, John C. Murphy and Mary Cox, Henry O. Hyre and Emma J. Brown, Benj. C. Wyatt and Deborah M. Crites, Samson Hinkle and Sarah Jane Musgrave, James Freil and Elizabeth Post, Jacob C. Keister and Inababa Brake, Robt. R. Winfield and Sarah J. Harlam, Minter J. Jackson and Harriet Cummings, Herbert Phillips and Mary F. Carter, Homer Crites and Thankful Tenney, Mathew A. Manley and Delea A. Floyd, Noah McCally and Phoebe Bennett, Jasper N. Westfall and Jane Reese, Robert P. - McAvoy and Martha See.
CHAPTER XX.
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UPSHUR COUNTY IN THE CIVIL WAR
Upshur county people held firm convictions against the institution of slavery. The economic condition and the political beliefs of these our countrymen embar- rassed its spread and early uprooted its weak hold in our midst.
The first and largest slave holders in the country were Jacob Lorentz, whose acute financial observation among the plantations of Virginia told him of the gain and profit of slave labor, and Abram Carper, whose wife, a Miss Harness of near Moorefield, received from her parental ancestors through and by the laws of in- heritance, two black men and black women.
Mr. Lorentz kept his negroes until the violence of the approaching war advised him to make sale of them. Mr. Carper being religiously opposed to slave- dom, sought an opportunity to free his blacks and when, in 1833, permission of all parties interested was secured, Mr. Carper gave the negroes their freedom.
The strong infusion of puritan immigration, its unchangeable affinity for everything in yankeedom, and its ampiltude of courage and ability to contend for the right, gave believers and actors in the slave business here their roughest sailing and hottest pursuit.
The children of the first settlers as their parents had revelled for decades in wild personal liberty. They would not give up their personal freedom, neither would they ask any other human to do it. Passive in their opposition, they were ready on notice to join hands with the yankees and uphold the integrity of the nation.
An incident occurred in the election of 1856 that exposed the smouldering live coals of the "Yanks." Some nine or ten citizens of French Creek cast their ballots for John C. Freemont and Free Socialism. This commendable act brought into print in the Herald of Weston, Va., whose publishers were H. J. Tapp and B. P. Swayne, an article condeming vehemently the action of these voters. To give the generations unacquainted with these opposing local sentiments at the time, some knowledge of their acidity and bitterness we produce in toto the article written December 1, 1856, and reply thereto:
(Article copied from THE HERALD published in Weston, Va., by H. J. Tapp and B. P. Swayne. Written December 1, 1856.)
INFAMOUS.
We give below the names, not of the sacred nine, but of the infamously immortal nine who at the late election on French Creek in Upshur county cast
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UPSHUR COUNTY IN THE CIVIL WAR.
their votes for the Freemont Electors. Such flagrant anti-slavery action here in Virginia was unexpected to us. That there should be residents amongst us who have imbibed the abolition sentiment elsewhere, and still retain them in acquiescent silence is no matter of surprise.
"For Faith, fanatic faith, once wedded fast to some black falsehood hugs it to the last." But that they should come out thus boldly and avow their ad- herence to principles and men so odious to public sentiment, and so inimical to our interests, is a matter of astonishment, and exhibits a fanatic recklessness, a total disregard for our institutions, and a social and political depravity which must arouse the indignation of the people and visit them with the burning rebuke of public contempt.
Inflated with vanity which ever flows from ignorance, and with hearts pul- sating in unison with those in the north professing a melting sympathy for the African in the south, whose condition is frequently, if not generally better than their own, they publicly exhibit their odious sentiments, and disgrace the county and state by the record of such votes as must elicit the praise of such scoundrels as Greely, Smith, Sumner, and their beloved brother Fred Douglass.
The fact of their not being citizens of our state by birth, is no paliation.
They have seen fit to take up their residence in Virginia, a state whose loyalty to the constitution stands pre-eminent in the history of our country, and of which they should be proud, and they are bound by common courtesy, and by the duty which involves upon strangers in any community, to sacrifice such of their prejudices as may be repugnant to those whose home they have voluntarily sought ; and more particularly here in Virginia to sacrifice those fanatic opinions which are at variance with our laws and opposed to the institutions of a portion of our country, existing as they do under the sanction of the constitution.
We regret, deeply regret, that there should be in our midst those who sym- pathize with a sectional party in the north, whose greatest ambition is to encroach upon our institutions, and who, in the madness of their fanatic hate, stealthily seek to jeopardize a property guaranteed to us as sacredly by the constitution, as is the right to them and to us of worshiping God according to the dictates of our own conscience.
Adopting this in their home, they are bound by everything that is honorable among men, socially, morally and politically, to acquiesce in our laws, and to do no violence to them by conservation, or exercising their right of suffrage in favor of a party composed of all the antagonistic elements of the south, and whose energies have ever been directed against our interest, is little short of treason to the state, and merits and must receive the condemnation of all good citizens.
Educated in the fanatic schools of Yankeedom, imbued with the prejudices which are the disgusting characteristics of those agitators who disclaim all allegiance to the constitution and aspire to illegal power through a triump over the south, they have the imprudence-the brazen-faced effrontery, here in Virginia, to speak their odious and seditious sentiments through the ballot box, and attempt to infuse their abolition poision into the minds of our people.
Should such incendiary manifestations be tolerated in our midst? Can our interests thus openly be attacked by those emissaries of northern fanatics who reflect the worst features of abolitionism, and who have no sympathy with our institutions ? These are questions which we as one, were it not for our belief that their present insiginificance number, and that their influence will be confined by
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UPSHUR COUNTY IN THE CIVIL WAR.
the intelligence of our people to its present contemptible limit, would have no hestitancy in answering the negative. But still
"Their names-their human names-to every eye The climax of all scorn should hang on high, Exalted above their less abhorred compeers, . And festering in the infamy of years."
Dr. Amos Brooks, Alva Brooks, John Phillips, Jason Loomis, Franklin Phillips, Gilbert Young, Adolphus Brooks, William Loomis, David Phillips and J. T. Brooks.
A reply to this editorial written by Dr. Amos Brooks.
MESSRS EDITORS :
A few weeks ago I was shown an editorial in your dirty sheet with the word INFAMOUS for a caption. You profess to give the names of nine who voted the Republican ticket, and then give ten. In the first place let me say to you that I do not nor can not object to having my name published thus, and am so far satisfied. But your remarks thereon deserve a passing notice. I regret that I am not at liberty to answer you in courteous language, and reason the case with you.
You have taken a position outside of civilization, and to do so might be casting "pearls before swine."
Let me tell you that had you read the Republican platform you might have seen that it was only advocating "Free Soil" for the Territories. I suppose you had not seen it and may be properly called a Political Blockhead. If you had read it and knew what it contained, perhaps you might with propriety be called a Political Knave. After letting off a shower of gas, which shows your depravity, ignorance, and want of truth and accuracy, you threaten us with Judge Lynch! This shows your ignorance of the nature of things. Just as though Judge Lynch could hold jurisdiction in such a place as French Creek! You might possibly steal a march on some of us as Cain did Abel, or Bully Brooks did Sumner.
It seems the south is influenced by "Higher Law., with a vengeance. It ap- pears that if any one independently uses his constitutional and legal prerogatives he may be in danger of being lynched. He offends against "Higher Law." Yes, Higher law of the south is far above civilization, constitution, and civil law. It is savage despotism. Witness the cases of Strickland & Co., New Orleans, and Prof. Heddreck and numerous other cases. The thousands of Republicans were in danger of being lynched if they attempted to form Republican tickets of election in all the southern states. Is not this "Higher Law"?
You speak of the "interests of the south," of the institutions of the south, in the plural number. I know that the one institution of slavery exists in the south, but what is the other, or others? Now, Sirs, you ought to know that the great majority of Republicans do not wish or propose to interfere with slavery in the states; therefore, slavery is not in danger. But I ask again, what other "institution" is in danger ?
Is the pleasure of producing and raising yellow boys and girls for the southern market in danger? Is it not a fact that sexual intercourse prevails to a consider- able extent in Virginia? Note the high prices of the half-bloods, the three-
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quarter-bloods, etc. Will Freesoilism curtail the profits? Did not the Richmond Enquirer, in an editorial a few years since, say that if all the slaves that were three-fourths white were set at liberty, three-fourths of the slaves in Virginia would be freed? Well, Virginia must be a dignified and notable state, if a large share of her income arises from the sale of the base admixture. The press of Virginia must surely be the palladium of Liberty if she advocates such liberty.
Are you too thick-skulled to know that if the freedom of speech, and of the press, and of the Ballot Box is taken from the people, then there can be no repub- licanism? But it seems you are striving to have it so. Are you then not a traitor ? If so, do you not deserve the fate of traitors? If Arnold deserved to be shot, do you not deserve to be hung? If Arnold deserved the leather, do you not deserve the gibbet ?
I wish you to publish the above as a reply to the article in the Herald of December I. But if you decline doing so, please keep it carefully and read it attentively two or three times per week. Please read it to the officers of the bank.
Let me just make you one offer, to wit: If you will come and sit at my feet, I will endeavor to teach you the first principles of civilization and Repub- licanism on condition of being well paid.
The sentiment of the "immortal nine" as expressed in the voting at French Creek in the general election of 1856 was seed sown in a fertile soil. The scandulous and unwarranted attack upon these gentlemen in the exercise of their sovereign rights brought out their virtues and the virtues of the cause which they represented. Agitation became rife. Debates were frequent. Dis- cussion was continuous. So that in the election of 1860 the feelings and opinions of the citizens of Upshur county were pre-eminently favorable to the principles and platform of the Republican party. To the partisan in a greater degree than to the statesman and publicist, this new party was the wooden horse that would enter the gates of the south and destroy the bullwarks of slavery. In it and through it, their highest hopes for unity of the nation and the perpetuity of our country would be attained. While the local vote for Abraham Lincoln, for Stephen A. Douglass, for John C. Breckenridge, for John Bell of Tennessee would give no sign as to the results of the presidential contest, yet the results were duly antici pated, and the great commoner for whom the poet of that day sings :
The uncleared forest, the unbroken soil, The iron bark, that turns the lumberer's axe, The rapid that o'erbears the boatman's toil, The prairie, hiding the mazed wanderer's tracks,
The Ambushed Indian, and the prowling bear ; Such were the needs that helped his youth to train ; Rough culture !- but such trees large fruit may bear, If but their stocks be of right girth and grain!
was elected.
From the time of Lincoln's election until the date of his inauguration general apprehension obtained throughout the nation. And those sections which had most earnestly and vehemently supported their candidate and favorite were worked
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UPSHUR COUNTY IN THE CIVIL WAR.
up into paroxysms of fear and trembling. Rumors of secession were borne from the southland on the wings of the wind. War, dreadful war, was threatened, if an effort should be made by the incoming administration to uphold the consti- tution and maintain the national integrity. Abraham Lincoln in his long, thought- ful inaugural address stated emphatically, yet modestly, his intention to enforce the law, to stand by the Constitution and to preserve the integrity of the union.
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