USA > Arizona > Arizona, prehistoric, aboriginal, pioneer, modern; the nation's youngest commonwealth within a land of ancient culture, Vol. II > Part 40
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Throughout the news of the period ran a crimson thread of Indian depreda- tions. No discrimination was shown by the redskins, who in 1866 killed one who had tried to do them the greatest good, Geo. W. Leihy, who had succeeded Poston as superintendent of Indian affairs. Soon thereafter came a visit from Geo. W.
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Dent, a brother of Mrs. Grant, who had been appointed to a general super- vision over Pacific Coast agencies, and who employed Genung to guide him in Arizona. Dent had sent to him at La Paz a large quantity of Indian annuity goods. In July, 1867, Genung, appointed in charge of the new Colorado River reservation, began construction of a canal to irrigate land for the Mojaves, whom he found most tractable. But Dent failed to keep promises made to the Indians and Genung soon resigned. Later he used Indian labor to advantage in improv- ing the road between Prescott and Date Creek.
Considering the present civic attitude of Arizona, it may be interesting to note that Genung started the first, possibly the only, early-day distillery in Northern Arizona. This was at Walnut Grove in 1867. With a "worm" he had bought in California, he worked 100 pounds of 7-cent corn into five gallons of five-dollar whiskey. The budding industry was short-lived, for he says that Internal Revenue Agent Levi Bashford refused him a license for more than a single quarter.
J. H. LEE
One of the earliest farmers of the Prescott section was J. H. Lee, who estab- lished himself in 1863 at what he called American Ranch, near the foot of Granite Mountain, on one of the main roads leading out of the new settlement. Later it was isolated by a change of travel and Lee for years lived in danger from the swarming Apaches, never venturing save at night, on his trips to Prescott. He died at his home in April, 1915, aged 79.
ED PECK
Ed Peck, who died in his 77th year in Nogales late in 1910, especially was notable in Northern Arizona as the discoverer of rich silver mines in the upper Bradshaws, where one property that still bears his name is credited with a bullion output valued at more than $1,000,000. Peck was even as greatly dis- tinguished, however, in his capacity as an Indian fighter. He came into New Mexico in 1858, already an experienced plainsman and hunter. The party passed the Zuñi villages and continued westward to a point near the San Fran- cisco Mountains. There the Indian signs were so threatening that a retreat was determined upon back to Zuñi and Albuquerque, where the party broke up. Peck returned to Arizona in the fall of 1863, his party including W. E. Collyer, R. E. Farrington and Lou Thrift, and soon acquired an approach to wealth by cutting 300 tons of hay, for delivery to the military post, at $30 a ton. The newcomers had a cabin on Granite Creek, a few miles below Prescott and a short distance above the Point of Rocks, where they were constantly harassed by the Apaches, but where they were successful in washing wealth out of the stream that winds through the lower part of the present City of Prescott.
JACK SWILLING
Jack Swilling, considered in the memory of Arizona pioneers, was the typical desperado of the old-time days. There are stories to the effect that in his day he killed at least a dozen men and that he would "sooner fight than eat." Ac- cording to Neri Osborn, who knew him well, Swilling really was a kindly sort of man, save when in his cups. At all times he was fearless and when intoxi-
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1 cated absolutely reckless. Osborn remembers the killing of only one man by Swilling, and that was a Mexican in Wickenburg who had threatened Swilling's life. In this there is the interesting detail that after killing his adversary, Swil- ling neatly scalped him and thereafter frequently and with pride exhibited the scalp as a souvenir of what seemed to have been to him a pleasant memory.
When there was a vote within Maricopa County concerning the location of the county seat, Swilling was a keen partisan of East Phoenix, near which he owned a ranch. He had assured himself of victory, to be gained by voting a large number of Mexicans. This Mexican vote was left in charge of one of their own number, who appears to have been successfully approached by the anti- Swilling element. When Swilling saw that he had been beaten, great was his rage against the Mexican who had betrayed him and, with a gun loaded with buckshot, he sought out and shot the guilty individual. But the wound did not prove mortal and the assault seems to have been allowed to go without judicial reproof, as merely an incident to a heated campaign.
Swilling died in Yuma on a charge of having robbed a stage near Wicken- burg. In later years there seems little doubt that he was unjustly sentenced, for at the time of the robbery he was in the lower Bradshaws near the Red Picacho, getting the body of Colonel Snively, who had been killed by Apaches, and taking the remains for reinterment near Swilling's home, which then was on the middle Agua Fria, not far from Gillett.
Swilling, a Mississippian, came to Arizona as a lieutenant in Captain Hun- ter's Confederate command and especially is named as having been delegated to escort a number of prisoners of war back to the Rio Grande. Then it would appear that he left the military life to join the Walker party. According to Conner, a member of the party and its latter-day historian, it was Swilling who captured Mangas Coloradas, a deed entirely in keeping with Swilling's known character. After the Walker party dissolved around Prescott, Swilling lived at a number of points in South-central Arizona, but has his place in Arizona particularly through his leadership of the first Americans who ever settled in the Salt River Valley.
DARRELL DUPPA
One of the mysteries of Phoenix in its early days and the man generally credited with naming the town was Darrell Duppa, the dissolute and exiled scion of an aristocratic English family. One sign of his good breeding was the fact that he talked not at all about his antecedents. There was one fantastic tale that he was the lost Lord Tichborne and that he was being paid to remain away from England. It was a fact that once every three months from England was received a considerable sum of money, sent to him through Dr. O. J. Thibodo, who acted as trustee. After the Doctor had paid Duppa's debts there would usually remain enough money for Duppa to scatter in a spree that would last for a week or more. He was possessed of a college education, understood the classics well, used the best of English and had good command of French, Span- ish and Italian, indicating personal experience in the British diplomatic service. His home as a rule was with friends a few miles west of Phoenix on the Dutch Ditch.
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Only one effort on his part toward industry is chronicled. For a while, early in the seventies, he kept a stage station at the sink of the Agua Fria, about forty- miles north of Phoenix at a point described by travelers of the day as little short of desolation itself. When Duppa was asked by Captain Bourke why he lived in such a spot, the best answer returned was that he had been attacked by Apaches at that point and after he had driven them away he thought he would camp right there just to show the redskins he could. This explanation seemed to be acceptable to the people of the period, however it may sound in these later days. The station is described as having been nothing more than a "ramada" of willow wattles with a dirt floor and with the main article of furniture a long pine table that served either for meals or for gambling. Quarters for the night were afforded by unrolling piles of blankets against the walls. At one end was the kitchen whence the cook called the guests to their repast by the true cowboy yell of "Hash pile! Come a runnin' or I throw it out." Upon the walls were hung saddles and harness and weapons in variety, with cartridge belts and other necessities of the frontier.
Particular description of the place is given not because it was at all unique; there were many such along the trails and roads, where black beans, black coffee and flapjacks were to be had for a consideration, always in conjunction with whisky of most awful variety. But it is considered that such surroundings could hardly have been compatible with the upbringing of a graduate of Cambridge who had served Her Majesty in the courts of Europe.
Duppa usually was called upon to decide any questions of history or lan- guage, or even of ethics. Not infrequently he would drop into rhyme. One of his poetic efforts has been preserved unto this day, largely through the retentive memory of Madison O. Larkin, who was the early day agent for Wells, Fargo & Co., but who latterly, risen to wealth and high position in Pennsylvania, has a special distinction in being a more or less perpetual candidate on the prohibition ticket for governor of the Keystone State. This particular one of Duppa's effusions (and in them he included many prominent citizens) follows ::
Weep, Phoenix, weep; and well ye may, Great Morgan's soul has passed away ; Howl, Pimas, howl; shed tears of blood, And squaws bedeck your heads with mud; Around his grave career and canter, And grieve the loss of beads and manta.
One of the characters of the early days was Henry Morgan. He owned a store in Phoenix, but spent most of his time at his trading post on the Pima Reservation. Occasionally in Phoenix, when properly primed with whiskey, he would station himself in the center of the main street and liowl something to the effect that in him were strains of both alligator and tiger and that he abso- lutely defied the world to come and take him, that he had sixteen rifle balls in him and that the pistol that he waved was deadly. His final war whoop always was, "I fool 'em all; I fool 'em all." Though Morgan really was dangerous and had killed several men in his time, usually some quiet deputy sheriff, with the remark that he guessed that the balls referred to were merely codfish balls, would come and lead him away.
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Morgan was thoroughly scared on one occasion and was a milder man there- after. He was in a barred cell at the time the county jail, in the summer of 1879, was entered by a vigilance committee, which took out two murderers and hanged them on the trees of the plaza. Morgan for a while thought he was to be included in the ceremony.
It happened that Morgan was not killed at the particular time referred to by Duppa, though it was reported from the reservation that he had been beaten to death by Indians. He lived long thereafter, though in reduced circumstances and with failing health, at last dying, an inmate of the Arizona Hospital for the Insane, on October 18, 1908, aged 64.
Duppa's memory is perpetuated in Arizona granite at the old Masonic Ceme- tery in Phoenix, where in December, 1910, the Daughters of the American Revo- lution, with all formality, set a stone that had been purchased by themselves.
ABRAHAM FRANK
November 29, 1903, at Yuma, died Abe Frank, of whom John Dorrington wrote : "A man and a gentleman; what more can be said?" He came to the Colorado River region, to La Paz, about 1867. There and at Ehrenberg and later at Arizona City, the modern Yuma, he was a leader in business, successful despite an open-handed generosity that seemed to count only the necessity of the recipient and not the prospect of repayment. Naturally no man of his locality had greater popularity, and he was rather forced into public office. He served in the Territorial Legislature, as prison commissioner, as mayor of Yuma and in his latter years as probate judge of the county.
AL SIEBER
Since the days of Kit Carson no more noted Indian scout was known in the Southwest than Al Sieber. He was a native of Germany, reared in Pennsylvania. He enlisted in the Civil war in a regiment of Minnesota infantry and was badly wounded at Gettysburg. Recovering he enlisted again in a Massachusetts regi- ment. After muster-out he went to California, whence he came to Arizona in 1868.
Soon after coming, he drifted into association with the Apaches and soon learned their language and customs and their trails. A score of times or more he guided United States troops in successful attacks upon the redskins. His acquaintance with the Apaches' ways made him an especially valuable man in leading Apache scouts and for a time he served as chief of scouts on the San Carlos Reservation, probably the most dangerous position over filled by a white man in the Southwest. He was wounded several times by the Apaches. In 1875 he was shot through the arm in a fight north of Phoenix. At San Carlos agency on June 1, 1887, Sieber in an attempt to disarm recalcitrant Indian scouts at the order of Capt. F. E. Pierce, the acting Indian agent, was badly wounded. The scouts had left without permission to attend the funeral of an Indian who had died and the agent had ordered their arrest. Sieber, who was chief of scouts, and a posse attempted to arrest the scouts, when they opened fire. Sieber was wounded, shot through the right leg. The bone was badly shattered. As a consequence he was permanently crippled and incapacitated
SAMUEL PURDY Lawyer and duelist
THOMAS FITCH Orator and pilgrim
"BOB" PAUL Express messenger and sheriff
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for further active service. Sieber is said to have been wounded twenty-nine times in Indian fights.
Tom Horne, who was with Crook at the time of his conference with Geronimo, was one of the most noted Indian scouts of the Southwest, and generally was closely associated with Al Sieber. Horne is dead, hanged in Wyoming, in 1903, for murder, but he has left behind a personal narration of his experiences among the Apaches. One of his tales is of an excursion into Mexico with Sieber and Merijilda Grijalva, a Mexican who had been a captive within the Nana band. Sieber had been sent out by General Willcox in response to a message from Geronimo that his band wanted to make peace. The trio found the Indians with little trouble near the headwaters of the Bavispe River in eastern Sonora and had a big talk with a number of chiefs, for whom Geronimo acted as spokesman. Nothing came of the talk, however, though with Sieber returned a number of Indians and squaws who had become tired of the wild life.
Sieber's last work was at Roosevelt, where he was employed as foreman of a large gang of Apache Indians employed on road construction work and where he was crushed under a rolling boulder in February, 1907. Burial was at Globe. In the Legislature of 1907 was passed a bill drawn by Miss Sharlot Hall making appropriation for the proper marking of the graves of Colonel Poston and Al Sieber, merely as an introduction for similar work that should result in proper recognition by the territory of the services of the men who had fought the savages and had cleared the way for civilization. Sieber's monument, a boulder from the hillside, was placed where he died, on a spot beside the reser- voir a mile north of Roosevelt.
THOMAS FITCH
Any history of Arizona would be incomplete indeed without more than pass- ing mention of Thomas Fitch, the "Silver-tongued Orator of the Pacific Slope," even though each of his stays within the territory usually was merely a flitting. He remained long enough at times to go to the Legislature and at least twice he established a definite residence herein in order that he might have a chance to be considered a senatorial possibility. Fitch came to the coast in 1860 and in later days acknowledged the benefit of instruction from those great orators, Col. E. D. Baker and Starr King, of the close companionship of Mark Twain and Joaquin Miller and of the friendship of the "Big Four" of the railroad world, Stanford, Huntington, Hopkins and Crocker. He saw the laying of the first rail of the overland railroad at Sacramento and of the last rail in Utah. He was a member of an early California Legislature from El Dorado County and was a member of the Nevada Constitutional Convention. He was to have been delegate to Congress from Nevada, but he was beaten to his office by statehood. A senatorial will-o'-the-wisp disappeared in the distance about the same time. He practiced law in Utah and then came down to Arizona, where he served as a legislator and as a veritable Richelieu behind the chair of Governor Frémont. He was in Tucson a few years later and still again returned, when statehood appeared near, to practice law in Phœnix. Again he returned in 1906 to speak for joint statehood, though it is believed his personal views on the subject did not particularly compel his action. In the time between the visitations he had cast his permanent lot variously in San Diego, Los Angeles and Honolulu. At
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the last-named point he nearly attained riches. He would have had a fee of several hundred thousand dollars if he had won a case wherein his clients, Japanese merchants of Honolulu, claimed that "sake" should be classed for customs purposes as a beer and not as a spirituous liquor; but the unfeeling courts failed to take that view. Wherever he went his eloquence and wit and unfailing good nature were levied upon and utilized for the benefit of almost everyone save himself. The record of his triumphs of eloquence begins back in the days of the Civil war, when he helped to hold California within the Union, and his wonderful oratory during the Grant campaign of 1868 probably even was equaled in a later campaign in Arizona when, after the republican party had dropped the cause of free silver, in his "Ruth and Naomi" speech he told why he remained with his party when one of its dearest tenets had been put aside. And the banquet he gave after one campaign was over yet is remembered as really the acme and pattern of what banquets should be in the points of gastronomy, oratory and good fellowship. Tom Fitch of late, rich only in years and memories, is a member of the staff of the Los Angeles Times, one of the last of a great galaxy of brilliant minds that in the early days developed the spirit of 'Californianism thereafter recognized and respected throughout the world. Incidentally, it might be told that he is a New Yorker, born January 27, 1838.
COLUMBUS H. GRAY
One of the earliest residents of the Salt River Valley was Columbus H. Gray. He had been a gold seeker in California, but had returned to his southern home to join the Confederate army. In the latter days of the war he came west again by wagon, passing through Arizona. He returned in 1869 and located on land immediately south of the Phoenix townsite. After making three fortunes in mines, he died poor, in September, 1905, at the age of 72, because of reckless prodigality. His wife survives, honored as the first American woman of the Salt River Valley.
MICHAEL WORMSER
One of the early settlers of the Salt River Valley was Michael Wormser, who, by purchase from Mexican homesteaders, acquired title to about 6,000 acres of land south of Phoenix, across the river, and who died in April, 1898. Wormser, a German Jew, handled an immense business almost wholly by memory, his income mainly in the shape of products of the soil brought him by renters of his land. After his death the estate was sued by his cousin, Ben Block, a pioneer merchant, for $48,300. Block claimed that in 1878 fearing attachment for debts incurred while a forwarding agent, lie turned over to Wormser property valued at $40,000, which served as the foundation of the Wormser fortune. Com- promise of the suit was made in the payment to Block of $1,000. The Wormser land was purchased by the Bartlett-Heard Company.
ERNEST F. KELLNER
E. F. Kellner had a store in Globe, another in Phoenix, a sawmill in the Pinal Mountains, a cattle ranch in the Tonto Basin and a few mines. Though simple in personal habits, kindly and considerate in his dealings with his fel-
PIONEERS' HOME, PRESCOTT
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lows and possessed of a large stock of financial acumen, he soon had more than local fame due to his peculiarities. He had a watch chain of diamond-set gold, its links letters an inch deep across his vest, spelling his entire name. His golden monogram was upon his harness and altogether he departed very mate- rially from the unostentatious fashion of his fellow men of the day. Having accumulated a large fortune, he moved to Southern California, where he died in his seventieth year, in December, 1914. His home was in a suburb of Venice, where the trolley tripper could read as he passed, emblazoned above the gate posts, the name of the owner of the house. In the yard was a sunken mauso- leum, built by him years before, with room for the reception, at the proper time, of the bodies of himself and members of his family. Behind strong bronze gates, there lay in readiness a massive metallic coffin made of copper assumed to have been smelted in Globe. In this his body was laid to rest, with Masonic ceremonies joined in by craftsmen from Arizona, where he had served as grand master of the order.
GUESTS OF THE PIONEERS' HOME
Within the Pioneers' Home now are gathered a considerable number of sur- vivors of early territorial days. With the coming of woman suffrage was accepted a bequest for the addition of a wing, which is now under construction and which is to be occupied by women, under the same limitations prescribed for the men. Annexed is a list of admission to the home since its establishment, classified by years of arrival in the territory. This list, supplied in 1915 by Superintendent P. S. Wren, includes the names of thirty-six men who have died or who have left the institution :
1858, Benjamin S. Barrett; 1860, William Baxter, Thomas Farrell, W. J. Johns; 1861, William Flanigan, Wales Arnold; 1862, Norman Lee Griffen; 1863, Louis Benjamin St. James, George W. Burward, Van C. Smith; 1864, Wm. D. Murphy, Clarence L. Ferguson; 1865, Dave Gibson; 1866, Augustine Caballero, Thomas J. Foster, James Winters, Frank Marlow, James A. Sheridan, John Nugent; 1867, H. Ramboz, Peter Arnold, Hugh M. Warren, David Gibson; 1869, A. D. Whaley; 1870, Daniel W. Halloway, Samuel Stanton, Edward G. Cane, Daniel Johnson; 1871, James Daley; 1872, John G. Green, John Carmichael; 1873, John O'Dowd; 1874, John P. Van Winkle, Norman Mckenzie, Harry Nevin; 1875, Roderick Ross, William H. Yancy, William Debut, Alonzo S. Hooker; 1876, Patrick Donlan, James Finn, C. W. Fuller, Charles A. Rodig; 1877, F. S. Percy, Wm. Broply; 1878, Thomas Wixted, Charles Smith, John D. Kinnear, Andrew Stark; 1879, George H. Chapman, James Mack, Jonathan Barrows.
Vol. IT-20
ILLUSTRATIONS
VOLUME I
PAGE
James H. Mcclintock Frontispiece The Casa Grande Ruins; Cliff Dwelling near Roosevelt. 6
Cliff Dwellings of Canon De Chelly. 14
Montezuma's Castle; Montezuma's Well and Cliff Dwellings. 16
Hopi Snake Dance 18
Kitoni, Navajo Chief; Scenes in the Navajo Country . 26
Apache Types 28
Old Pima Agency; Hopi Village of Walpi 30
"Lo, The Poor Indian"-Mojave. 36
Hava-Supai Agency in Cataract Cañon.
38
Map of New Mexico, 1656; Sonora (New Navarre) 1750.
42
New Mexico, 1765. Map of Isaak Tirion
62 Map of Padre Kino, 1702
68
Mission of San Xavier Del Bac in 1877.
76
Henry R. Granjon, Bishop of Catholic Diocese of Tucson 78 Tueson in 1856; Fort Yuma in 1856. 86 The Natural Bridge 92
102
Jack Swilling 106
J. R. Walker; George Lount 108
Group of Arizona Pioneers
110
Tinajas Altas (High Tanks) Where You Climb for Water 116
Southern Arizona Pioneers 124
Stanwick Stage Station 1872; Tubac in 1915. 126
Southern Arizona Pioneers 128
Scenes in and near Tucson 131
Early Views of Arizona 134
136
Street in Old Tucson
Early Military Scenes 146
150
Officers' Quarters, Camp McDowell; Quartermaster Building at Ehrenberg in 1872.
Fort Apache; Fort Huachuca 156
162 Early Views in Tucson. 168
M. G. Samaniego; I. S. Mansfeld; John De Witt Burgess.
180
Northern Arizona Pioneers
185
Point of Rocks, Notorious Apache Rendezvous.
188
Cutting the Hostile Trail; Apache Scouts at San Carlos.
Eskiminzin; Nachis; Chief Nana; Geronimo; Chihuahua. 198
Cruciform Cactus 210
Where Was Fought the "Fight of the Caves" 222
John P. Clum; Chas. T. Connell; Al Sieber; Alehisay 228
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Mickey Free
Northern Arizona Pioneers 194
190
Picnic Party near Fort McDowell 1877. 152
52
Ruins of Tucson Mission; Tumacacori Mission in 1913.
Smelting Furnaces and Mule Power; The Dead City of La Paz.
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ILLUSTRATIONS
San Carlos Guard House 1880; Indians Getting Weekly Rations at San Carlos. 234
Chatto, 1883; Charley W. McComas. 244
Cotoc, Maricopa Chief and His Wife; Typical Pima Indian "Kee" near Phoenix. 248 Sam Ax; Rev. Gilbert and Wife-Mojave-Apaches. 260
"Ten Little Indians" at School. 264
The Apache Kid and His Regenades in Globe before Trial. 268
"Thoroughbrace" Stage on a Tombstone Street; Maricopa Wells Stage Station in 1874. . 270
John Townsend; King S. Woolsey; Chas. D. Poston. 274
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