USA > California > Merced County > History of Merced County, California with biographical sketches of prominent citizens > Part 1
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CALIFORNIANA
oversize
SAN FRANCISCO PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1223 90193 5479
ES
E
ERISMORS
S
ACCESSION
BOOK NO.
560927
F979.458 H629
NOT TO BE TAKEN FROM THE LIBRARY
FORM 3427-4500.8.44
HISTORY
ERCED
- COUNTY
CALIFORNIA,
WITH
ILLUSTRATIONS
DESCRIPTIVE OF ITS
SCENERY, FARMS, RESIDENCES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS,
Factories, Hotels, Business Houses, Schools, Churches, Etc.,
FROM ORIGINAL DRAWINGS,
INCLUDING BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
WALLACE W. ELLIOTT & CO., PUBLISHERS.
106 Leidesdorff Street, San Francisco, Cal. 1881.
×8 979.458 H629
PACIFIC PRESS PUBLISHING HOUSEY
12TH AND CASTRO STS., OAKLAND. G
527 COMMERCIAL ST., S. F.
AND BINDERS,
-X-PRINTERS,
ENG
ELECTROTYPERS, A
560927
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JAPAN CURRENT
FROM
A FEW INTRODUCTORY WORDS.
IN preparing the historical part of this work we are in- dobted for valuable information furnished on different sub- jects to Gen. J. W. Bost, Mark Howell, Esq., Hon. J. W. Robertson, E. T. Dixon, Mrs. R. G. Stcele, L. F. Beckwith, Harry Chapman, Esq., and many others.
To the oditors of tho Express and Argus our thanks are especially due for the use of files of thoir respective journals which wo found invaluable in fixing many dates of important ovents.
We must not fail to acknowledgo many acts of encourage- mont and for documentary mattor furnished by the several county officers. They have assisted ns in many ways.
Owing to the transitory state of society during the early days of California, it is impossible at this comparatively re- mote period, to fix tho exact dates of many occurrences, or to get at tho full truth of the matter.
Gathering news of early events is very unsatisfactory. An "old pioneer " will enlarge by the hour upon early days, but pin him down to facts and figures, and endeavor to get a tangible historical account of any particular event of " those glorious days," aud it seems to be too great an effort. Now a pioneer never would be guilty of admitting that he had forgotten anything of early times, yet get a half-dozen together to fix the date of any event, and no two of them will agree. Each will have a different date and version of the affair, and positively affirm it, as he "was there at the timo." Special care has been taken, however, to avoid all discrepancies, and we flatter ourselves that, in the main, the facts set forth will prove to be perfectly reliable.
We have been in many cases unable to give proper credit for articles found floating about, or sent to us, and have therefore transferred them boldly to these columns. All history is made up from the statements and records of others. There can be no originality in the facts of history.
It has been the policy of men in all ages to preserve hy tradition, inscription, monument or mannscript, the mem- ory of individuals and events associated with the settlement
of a Stateor Country. We have therefore given considerable space to the biographical department, which contains very much of interest. A few years from now it will bo oftenest perused, for people delight to read of the pioneers of a country and of their trials. Each sketch contains some inci- conts of pioneer life, or some facts relative to the county, its soil, modo of cultivation, variety of crops, manner of har- vesting, average production of different localities, and sim- ilar information not easily separated from the personal narrative, but can be found by the subheadings.
One design of this publication was to represont by pic- tures the most important features of Merced county, as pro- sented in residences, farms and business. It is conceded that overy handsome residence, good business block, or im- proved farm is a monument to the taste and prosperity of the community in which they are situated, and no written description alone can adequately portray them to the world. Our task has been to endeavor to roproduce these features; to make history by pictures as well as by words.
The book is illustrated, as may be seen at a glance, with views of the chief residences and ranches of the county, to- gether with cultivating and harvesting scenes. Portraits of the county officers appear, as well as thoso of other prom- inent citizens. Attention is called to the frontispieco, iu which are represented the various buildings used as Court Houses, at different times, down to the beautiful one of the present day.
We expect criticism. All that the publishers ask is that it be done in charity, after considering all the obstacles aud hindrances involved in a work of this magnitude. Few per- sons withont actnal experience can comprehend the care and pains necessary to completo a work of this description.
Our thanks are due to the citizens of Merced county for tho cordial good feeling manifested toward our enterprise, having received from them that aid and support which can only be expected among prosperous and intelligent people.
THE PUBLISHERS.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
LIST OF LITHOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS, MAPS, CHARTS, AND DIAGRAMS.
.130
.212 Wheat, lob.
Argus Office ..
,- Miller, llenry.
Atwater, Marshall 1.
Merrill, l'eter
110
Batca, N. C.
. 14 Met 'lenathan, M ..
. 15 A,lams, James C.
Rost, John W
. 76 Morley, J. W.
.160 Aiken, W. B ..
Burnaid», W. A ..
Met'loskey, J. H ..
.135 Bout, Hon. J. W
S
Baxter, Robert.
93
Brown, Jerome.
12
l'affum, E. W
106
Merred Bank.
Daulton, H. C.
10
Black, A. G.
.110
Howell, Mark H
156
Cathey, Andrew
Nelson's Mill
MeSwain, J. F.
Cnthey's Valley.
O'Dunnell, lutin
Chamberlain, A
Frontispiece
Ostrander, H. J.
Conrt Ilunges
.184
Quigley, W. . 1.
** (Aumajuditan" Saloon
401
123
Rubertson, Hon. J. W
Cunningham, James. .
Pasn Farm.
16
Simonson, John H ...
Cunningham, Juhn .
56
18% Sutter, John A.
9
.180
60 Staneroad, N. B
Crittenden, J. L.
110 I'ate, F. M. .
.184
Smith, John C ..
119
44
Ramsey, Thomas ,1
.142
WOOD ENGRAVINGS.
Dmultim, II. C.
212
Rusenthal, A ..
60
Alcalde Colton and the Miner.
007
Bridal Veil Falls.
63
Dickenson's Ferry
176
216
Colton Hall
46
Enrl, Robert.
144
Silman, W. L.
(Frist Mills of Early Settlers
183
Eureka Mine. ..
160
Smith, John C.
134
23
Fumnan, Eli
44
Steele, Robert .J
.184
San Juan Mission. .
19
Fitzhugh Ranch.
110
Shepherd's Home ...
196
San Joaquin River hy Moonlight 119
Grimes, I. C ..
Steele, Mrs. R. G.
99
Hang P'lows.
184 Stevenson, J. J.
126
Givens, Thomas
Scheeline, R
114
Givens, E. T.
88
Turner, J. A
24
Charts Showing Wind Currents. 6
Harris, Bros.
20 Traveling Thresher.
102
Healey, H. C.
98
Turner W. E ..
Diagram of Rain-fall in State.
Healy, E. W.
17
Turner, William C ..
212
Diagram of Table Mountain 211
4
Kelsey, Erastus
212 Vaneless Windmill.
204 Map of Merced County
Karn & San.
. 160 Wilson, R. M.
Lewis, D. E.
INDEX TO THE HISTORICAL, LOCAL, AND GENERAL MATTER.
Adobe Houses. .
81 | Cosmopolitan Saloon.
83
El Capitan Hotel.
57
Alcaldes as Judges.
County Seat Contest.
A Primitive Court.
91
" 2dl Locations.
88
Financial Condition of Jounty 101
179
Attacked by Indians (Stoneroad]
154, 181 | Court Honse Bouds Issned. .
89
Farming Ten Years Ago (Kahl).
137
Alkaline and Adobe Soils.
175
92
Fiddletown, now uamed (Reynolds).
51
Animals of the County
40
Raising (Stoneroad).
.106
Fremont's Journey Through Merced.
75
A Speck of Gold.
61
Criminal Records.
60
Teachers' Convention
196
Agricultural Statistics.
Cosmopolitan Hotel ....
86, 118
Settlers Kept Near the Coast.
77
Birds of the Valley.
County Officers ..
79
: White Woman in Camp,
1GS
Botany of Mereud County
.. 220
Dickenson's Ferry . .
197
Bear Flag War.
Dead Rivers ..
88
English Historian.
18
231
19
Indian Baptism. ..
29
-- Their Discovery
35
.. · Mariposa Grove.
231
Discoveries of Gold.
G1
Pioneer Squatters. .
27
Cause of Hot Northwest Winds
176
S4
Saw-mill Erected ..
22 Settlement North of Sacramento,
42
Climate of Merced County.
204
130 Early Stages and Express. 169
Protestant Worship.
Chester Village.
96 | Extent of Timber Belt
Cotton Culture.
.
Erection and Dedication.
90
Fight With a Grizzly (Givens). 13
Amount of Land Irrigated.
221
135
Fight Under Bear Flag ...
79
Arrival of Captain Sutter.
58
Cemetery Association.
109
First White Person in Jan Joaquin Valley. 195
Alcalde Meets theMiner.
68
Comparative Size of Counties.
115
Board of Education .
Bonds when Due.
131, 147
Description of Sutter's Fort.
.177
Impression of the Valley.
171
Beautiful Floral Scene.
221
Bands of Wild Elk
46
Dixon's School Report. 211
" California Legislature Cast Plow and Miner's Pick
31
Big Trees of Merced Grove
230 | Decline of Various Missions
03
.232
Dommer Party, 1846.
56
26
Churches of Merceil County
201
118
Windmill in State.
31
Cost of Producing Crops.
.177 Early Mining Days.
123
Chowchilla Canal ..
198 Events of Twenty Years Ago.
165
43
Extent of San Joaquin Valley.
Grindstones Manufactured.
Cause of West Side Being Dry
45
122
3G
84 | Yosemite Stables
Apqdlegarth, William.
0> Moran. M. A.
LITHOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS.
116
Bowman, Silas ...
Murray. S. R.
176
Murray, Charles,
110 Baxter, Robert
.106
Merced Windlen Mills.
110 Dixon, E. T.
Bulfuin & Stoektımı
Merced Star ..
Farrar, Frank H
Nelon & Sun
Bridal Veil Falls.
.209 Selon, C. C.
.110
Means. W. L.
S
Memy, A. . 1.
10
.106
Pillans, James,
3
60
Price, Thomas.
39
Chandos, B. C ...
Penegar, G, 1:
Cosmopolitan Hotel,
Pillans & Barrett.
32
Steele, Mrs. R. G
Dean, T. C ..
1721
Reynolds, R.
G8
Dickenson, C. W
200
Rose Cuttaye. .
219
Ranch of W. 11. Hartley
Duncan Mine. .
208
Grizzly Adams, 13
27
El Capitan Livery.
Spears, S. K.
106
Indian Sweat House. 33
Express Offee.
.164 Scott, Col. Samuel.
68 San Francisco Bay, 1769.
$7
Fahey, William
1.4 San Joaquin and Kings River Canals.
173
Sonora Mission 25
Falls of the Merced River.
Spanish Ox-cart 35
Firebaugh's Ferry.
209
Stonernad, W. P. & Company
,119
Griffith, Dr. J.
Stoneroad, N. B.
Sutter's Mill. .
65
Giriines, Eli
24 | Smith, Augustine.
211 Tuolumne Big Trees.
Givens, S. S.
48
Tualumne Hotel.
103
Hartley, W. H
.144
Texas Hanch.
93
Charts Showing Size of Counties. 69
203
.102
Kuhl, Adam
156
Thornton, H.
Kocher, Jacob.
138 Upton, Thomas
.222
Map of the State.
94
A Primitive Ferry
85
Condition of the Valley, 1846 ..
87
Early Discoveries of Gold. Emigration Societies.
31
Alkali Soil ..
135
Condition of Court House, 18GG
89
Farmers' Canal Company .
140
Artesian Wells.
171
Capabilities of Merced County. Cattle Stampedes.
.223
139
Biographical Sketches
.213
Dos l'alos Canal.
001
= Irrigation iu California. .
192
139
Information about Yo Semite
63
Biographies of Pioneer Settlers.
Diagram of Kain-fall.
Dairying in Early Times.
53
Ferry-boat on Bay. Settler in San Joaquin Valley. Settlement in San Joaquin Valley
41
.. Fresno Grove.
107 Desertedl Mines
Dover Village.
American Resident of San Francisco.
46
21, 13]
94 | Effects of Irrigation. 175
25, 78 , Combined Header and Thresher.
113 | Extensive Wheat Fields.
114
$7
S7, 88
Steele, Mrs. R. G ...
39
184
Sutter, Gen. J. A. (portrait).
57
53
State House, San Jose, 1849.
231
216
144 Stoddard, E. M.
81
Plow of the Natives.
15
Ferrel, W. J.
114
Stoneroad W. P.
San Francisco Bay, 1846.
17
Stuckton, Nathaniel S.
.144
24 Ryan, P. .
36 Golden Gate.
14
Evergreen Farm.
Monterey in 1846
Dewey, Henry.
Raynor, William M.
Lauder, Andrew.
152
6> Los Baños Village ..
Weaver, R. A.
.14-4 3
.20%
.135 Bibby, Nicholas
.144
4
MAPS, CHARTS, ETC.
Diagram of Artesian Well. 180
68
Direction of Winds in Valley.
10
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF MERCED HISTORY.
INDEX TO THE HISTORICAL, LOCAL, AND GENERAL MATTER-CONTINUED.
78 | Strange Animals. .
53 | Mariposa Receives its Name ..
83
Scott's Farm Described.
133
First American Governor.
.142
Chief Attraction ..
83
Topographical Features.
84
162
61 First Settlers ..
111
Merced City Described.
SG
110
County Seat
=
Court House.
87
11 Grand Jury.
171
- Irrigating Canal.
112
.IG4
Express
164
Star ..
=
1881
197
Postmaster"
114
97 |Soil and Alluvium
113
115 Merced Bank.
114
San Joaquin Valley Explored. Strange Meeting on the Merced. .
29
Well Duy on Plains.
.117
Settlers Ordered to Leave California.
4-1
Grand Jury Tree of 1863.
130 220
Grapes and Vineyards. .
207 Newspaper Enterprises
218
Glaciers of the Sierrns. .
65
Sale of the Missions.
25
Geographical Features.
66 Navigable Streams
24
Great Mountain Ranges.
59 Oldest Merchant in Merced
46
Glance at Early History.
135 Sutter's Mill Located.
50
Gold-dust refused by Merchants History of Merced County
1,73
Oak Trees in Merced.
214
Scenes in the Gold Mines.
61 68
Harvesting Scene in Merced ..
91
"Twenty Years Ago".
123
Habits and Life of Aborigines
167
Trials of Early Miners (Scott) Three Irrigating Periods. .
.173
Ilopeton Villuge. .
177
Indians of Merceil County.
.208 Temperature and Comfort.
202 213
101 Thermal Belt.
103
= Digger Tribe ..
183
Plow Used by Natives
24
Walla Tribe.
Pioneer Linnberman
93
11 Habits and Customs
Pioneer Merchant of Merced
27
at Kuight's Ferry.
Pioneer Toils and Privations.
19
.. Not Warelike.
Pioneer Party of 1843-4.
187
Plainsburg Village ..
21
Indian Chief Manuel.
190 Roileos, or Cattle Gatherings.
" Contrast of Missions, 1834 to 1842
21
= Chief Jerez.
205
..
" Altitude of Places.
G7
= " T'en-ie-ya.
11
" Census of the State.
67
Irrigation in Merceil County
173 Rapid Increases in Wealth.
99
" Wealth and Rise of Counties, 69
71
Improved Henders (Dewey).
85
Remarkable Predictions of a Pioneer.
37
Valuable Farmi Inventions (Baxter) . 150
SS
Inducement Offered Settlers.
96 Review of the Golden Era
60
Visit to a Beautiful Home (Scott).
100
Kocher's Store ..
.159 Rapid Increase in Population
67
Wild Cattle of the Plains ( Wheat).
140
Large Threshing Operations (Karl)
.161 Rich Men of 1793.
19
" Elk {Turner).
143
"Band of Goats
168 Snelling Village Located
115
" Berries, Fruits and Roots. Waste of Water iu Irrigation
.169
Los Baños Village.
83
San Joaquin River Discovered.
Washington Hall Erected ..
114
Merced River ..
74
Valley Described.
165 Yosemite-Who Discovered It. How to Reach It.
227
Mariposa Creek ..
77
11 Origin of Name. 167
BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL SKETCHES.
Atwater, Marshall D.
.94, 147 | Grimes Eli.
.153 | Ostrander, H. J .. 120
Applegartlı, William,
15S Givens, Thomas.
160
Price, Thomas ..
160
Bates, S. C ...
125, 129
Givens, Eleazer T.
137
Pate, Francis M.
132
Bast, Hon. John W.
.149 Harris Brothers.
164
Quigley, W. J ..
147
Burnside, W. A
156
Healey, E. W.
153 Ramsey, Thomas J ..
Bowman, Silas.
150
Hawkins, John ..
161
Reynolds, Reuben.
Baxter, Robert.
161
Kalıl, Adamı. .
140
Rosenthal, A
157
Black, A. G ..
157 Kelsey, Erastus.
144
Robertson, Hou. J. W.
126, 131
Bibby, Nicholas.
104 Lander, Andrew
122
Simonson, John H.
T38
Catlicy, Andrew.
155
Miller, Henry.
94
Smith, John C ...
114, 141
Cunningham, James
158
Meany, A. J.
151
Scott, Col. Samuel
132
Cunuingham, John.
160
Merrell, Peter.
149
Steele, Robert J. ..
143
Crittenden, J. L. .
115
Moran, M. A
115
Steele, Mrs. R. G.
119
Dean, T. C.
145
Means, W. L.
143
Stockton, Nathaniel S.
161
Dixon, E. T.
156
Morley, J. W ..
159
Stoneroad, N. B ..
134
Danlton, Henry C.
139
MeSwain, J. F. .
147
Stoneroad, Mrs. N. B.
143
Dickenson, Gallant Duncan.
150
Merced Woolen Mills ..
117
Smith, Angustine .. Scheelinc, B.
.154
Dewey, Henry.
159
Merced Bank
114
Furman, Eli.
153
Nelson and Son.
145
Turner, William C.
118
Fahey, William.
Nelson's Mill
117 Wheat, Job.
.139
Grimes, I. C ..
122
142 O'Donnell, John 140 Weaver, R. A
.152
Grithith, Dr. Joshua.
142
.. Flouring Mill
Newapaper in County.
56
16
County Organized.
SS | Supervisors ludicteil.
170 ! Siroccos or Burning Winds. 206
167
163
Merced Tribune .. 209 .163 People 194
llotel in Merced City School
112
112
177
209
114
.113
School House of Merced City
29
Alfalfa, Orchard and Vineyard.
121
Marshall's Discovery of Gold.
57
117 Scenes in the Early Courts ..
47
117
Settlers Form a Government. Settlers Organize their Forces. Strange and Eventful Dream ..
49 55
Geology of Merced County
.207
Native Flowering Plauts
22
70 Noted Legislature.
72
Grand Rush for the Gohl Miney.
76
58 One of First Merchants (Stoneroad).
.131
38 Pleasant Home Scene
Hardy Pioneers.
Principal Streams in Merced.
181
181
= Race Disappeared ..
181
Pre-historic Remains. Period of Ice and Snow.
182
Productions of the County
.183
Patrons of Husbandry.
11
23 Timber Forests of State. .
72
11 Mewoc Nation,
30 Threshing Scene of Early Days. .
.. Few in the Valley.
Pioneer Party Arrive, 1841
40 Toulumne Hotel
15
43
Table of Upper California Missions.
20
Method of Fishing
118
" Population of Mission ..
92
at n Feast.
191
Rainy Season.
192
Rainfall at Merced
193 Rich and Productive Soil.
98
" Agricultural Production,
G8
Irrigating Canals. Effects ..
174 Rates of Taxation.
100
" Comparative Priee of Wheat
Important Mining Locality.
166
Rush for the Gold Mines.
59 Vote on County Seat.
133
Kingdom of Miller & Lux
114 Removal and Location of the Capital.
65
Valuation of Property.
127
Lack of Irrigation.
. 118 | Size and Location of Merced County
90
73 Winds of the Valley ..
199
Mariposa County Described
928
Valley Aryus. 162
134
Buffum, E. W
156 | Kocher, Jacob.
114
Raynor, William M.
I47
Blackburn, Josephine.
122
Lewis, David E.
158
Spears, S. K
Cosmopolitan Hotel.
149
McClenathan, M
1)4
Stoneroad, W. P. & Co ..
.164
Dickenson, George Winchester.
139
Mccluskey, J. H
151 Stevenson, James J
Earl, Robert.
.142
115 Nelson, Charles C. .
149 } Thornton, H
102
Whent Sown (Griffith)
98
136
County Officers. .
86
7,115
Declared the County Scat Bottom-Lands.
Source of the San Joaquin. Society on the Stanislaus (Miller). Schools of Merced County.
195
Bank Organized Fire Ciaupany Organized. Hotel in the County.
121
Merced Security Bank.
87 | Merced Falls. = Flonring Mills. Woolen
162
Spanish Ox-cart and Mill Scenes of Festivity and Gaiety. Sutter's Fort Located
.112
12 One Pioneer Remained.
State Lands, How Divided
93 Pioneers of Merced County
132
39, 131
118 Primitive Inhabitants of Merced
: of San Joaquin in 1848.
Sweat Honse.
106 | Temperance Societies Two Important Events
57
183 Principal Rivers.
184
185
114 | Threshing Seene of Modern Days
77
41 Threshing as Done by Russians.
186
187
IS8
" Number of Missions in 1802
203
" Final Disposition of Missions.
Shameful Murder
170 Railroad Enters the Valley.
.150 Kaip-fall Tahles
203, 205
Moraga Visits the Valle.
148
112 Givens, Samuel S
150 Penegar, G. R.
73
Secret and Benevolent Societies. .
Silman's Stage Line . Sheep-Raising (Stoneroad) (Danlton}
15"
Miller & Lux Irrigation Works. " Ranch
School Superintendent's Report in 1863 =
136
152
112
208 |Temple Slough Canal.
RECORDER.
TREASURER.
COT
COUNTY JUDGE FROM 6.1863 10 1880
In Quigling
-
OFFICERS.
MERCED.
COUNTY CLERK.
W.W. ELLIOTT & CO. UTN. S.F.
Frank St. Farrar.
DISTRICT ATTORNEY.
HISTORY
-OF-
MERCED COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
ERCED County to-day stands pre-eminently first among the counties of California in the productions of her soil. The progress she has made within the last ten years has been mar- velons, and almost beyond conception,
This rich and productive county is situated in the heart of the great San Joaquin Valley, cinbracing a territory extending from the foot- hills of the Sierra Nevada range of mount- ains on the east, to the summit of the Central or Coast Range on the west.
The Southern Paeitic Railroad runs through the county from uorth to south, in about the eenter of the great productive valley. This and the San Joaquin River affords unlimited facilities for the shipment of produee.
THE RIVERS AND STREAMS.
The principal river running through the county, and from which this great valley is named, is the Sau Joaquin. Next to the Sacramento this is the largest and most important river in the State. It flows northerly towards the Sacramento on the north, draining in its way the great valley of the San Joaquin. It passes through this county on the west, parallel to and not far distant from the Coast Range, the streams from that range feeding its waters during the rainy season. This river is about 350 miles long, is navigable for ordinary steamers to Grayson, Hill's Ferry, and Firebaughs, and for small eraft during high water in the winter and spring of the year to the mouth of the Tulare slough, abont 150 miles.
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