USA > California > Contra Costa County > History of Contra Costa County, California; with biographical sketches of the leading men and women of the county who have been identified with its growth and development from the early days to the present > Part 15
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The Antioch Ledger, a weekly paper, was established by J. E. Town- send and Harry Waite, and its first issue was circulated on March 10, 1870. Since that date the paper has never failed to go to print. In Au- gust Townsend became sole owner ; and in December J. P. Abbott bought a half interest, and Townsend sold the other half to E. G. Fuller, who sold to H. A. Weaver in 1872. The following year he sold to Abbott, who
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carried on the paper until 1881, when he leased it to C. H. Smith. Charles F. Montgomery succeeded to the ownership in 1884; and when he died his son, Curtis F. Montgomery, remained in charge until April 1, 1905, at which date C. F. McDaniel bought the paper. In 1921 A. W. Flaherty became the sole owner.
On September 12, 1891, the Bank of Antioch was organized; S. G. Little, president. Its capital stock was $100,000. In 1923 it erected a building costing $22,000.
On January 3, 1911, the First National Bank of Antioch and the Antioch Bank of Savings began to do business. The capital stock of the former was $25,000; and of the latter, $50,000. J. L. Harding was president.
F. L. Fulton operates a shipbuilding plant, constructing river barges, launches, etc.
In 1922 the R. Hickmott Canning Company was established, with James Glenn as manager.
Antioch has a population of 2500 within its corporate limits, and is a city of the sixth class. It was first incorporated in 1872. Later it was disincorporated, but was again incorporated in 1890.
On December 8, 1874, the fire department was organized; F. Williams, president; M. S. Levy, secretary; S. Jessup, foreman. The department developed with the times, and its equipment now includes a Ford truck chemical unit, at the central station, and four hose trucks in various parts of the city. A Gamewell fire alarm system is in operation.
The water supply of Antioch, for domestic and other purposes, is carried to the various parts of the town in 10-, 8-, 6-, and 4-inch pipes. The mains are so arranged that in case of fire the domestic supply can be cut off and the water pumped direct to the point where needed. There can be developed 300 pounds pressure if it is needed, but generally 110 to 115 pounds pressure is used. The water comes from the river and passes through a chlorinizing process before entering the mains. The chlorination plant, installed in 1916, and the water system, are owned by the city. The pumping plant cost $100,000. To develop the system, bond issues were voted: in December, 1903, of $22,000; in 1914, of $25,000; and in 1922, of $96,000. In 1926 the Antioch domestic water supply dam, made possible by the last bond issue, was completed. The reservoir, which has a capacity of 100,000,000 gallons, is located about three miles back in the hills. The bonds of this bond issue were sold at a premium of about $8000. The total sum enabled the city to construct the dam, to lay a fourteen-inch pipe line from the reservoir to the city, to install such pumps as were needed, and also to build a fence around the reservoir. This adjunct to the city's water supply insures adequate water for all purposes for many years to come.
The Pacific Gas & Electric Company and the Contra Costa Gas & Electric Company, of Pittsburg, supply electricity and gas for light and power.
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On December 21, 1903, a bond issue of $8000 was voted for a sewer system. The later development of the system, which has been trebled, has been made out of the town's resources. The total assessed value of property in Antioch in 1912 was $539,000; in 1924, $1,500,000.
In 1919 a bond issue for $55,000 was voted for a city hall, which was erected that year on four lots, each 25 by 100 feet, valued at $1000 per lot. The assessed value of the new hall is $60,000 with its furnishings.
Forty-seven blocks of oil macadam were put in in 1914, under a street improvement act of 1911, at a cost of $84,000; in 1916-1917, fifty- four blocks of concrete base, one and one-half inches Topeka Top, were laid at a cost of $120,000 under the same act.
The city is served by the Southern Pacific and the Santa Fe railroads, and a great deal of hauling is also done by auto trucks. An auto stage line connects with the Sacramento-San Francisco Short Line hourly at Pittsburg.
Antioch is a port of call for all river boats. There is an average depth of sixty to eighty feet of water at the wharf. The country back of the city is a rich dairy section, and a great deal of grain is also raised. Fruit and nuts are another source of wealth to the back country. These products, together with the excellent docking facilities, make of Antioch a fine shipping point.
The Antioch Memorial Building was erected in 1925 at a cost of $22,000, by an apportionment by the board of supervisors from a tax levy of three mills on the property valuation, in honor of the men who participated in the World War.
The Antioch Free Library was erected from the Carnegie Foundation Fund.
The city officers in 1925 are: James D. Donlon, president of the board; R. M. Beede, treasurer ; John E. McElheny, city clerk ; members : WV. A. Christiansen, H. A. West, George W. Harter, and R. A. Wall.
CHAPTER IX
CONCORD
In 1869 Salvio Pacheco, Fernando Pacheco, and Francisco Galindo laid out the town of Concord, platting lots and streets. There were nine- teen blocks and a plaza. The laying out of the town was undertaken in order to afford people living at Pacheco, who were continually being flooded out, an opportunity to locate on higher ground, because every flood necessitated rebuilding, repairing or raising buildings that had been dam- aged by the water. The donor of the land suggested the name Todos Santos (All Saints). This is the name by which the town was recorded.
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The Americans dubbed it "Drunken Indian," but the public finally gave it the name it now bears.
When the town was laid out it was decided by the founders that if those who lived and did business in Pacheco would locate in Concord, a certain number of lots would be given them free. Samuel Bacon was the first man to take advantage of this offer; and in June, 1869, he built a store and residence on the new townsite, at what is now the site of the American Bank. That summer Charles Lohse built a machine shop. Henry Loring erected the Klein Hotel, which later became known as the Concord Hotel. Several other business houses and homes were erected.
Among the first settlers were John Brawand, who had a livery stable ; and George Gavin, who ran a blacksmith shop. H. Ivey also had a livery. J. H. Keller, a Forty-niner, opened the first butcher shop. Foskett & Elsworthy bought out Keller in 1869 or 1870. John Wiechers con- ducted the Mount Diablo Hotel until his death. This hotel stood on the site of the Concord Inn. The first bakery was opened by John Lambert, who, in 1889, erected a building of his own, more adequate for his bus- iness. Others were John Turney, B. Mahoney, John Denkenger, A. Gehringer, and Philip Klein. Klein ran the Concord Hotel; Charles Klein, his son, now conducts a drug store. F. C. Galindo, grandson of one of the founders of Concord, is proprietor of the Concord Department Store. M. Neustaedter, son of B. Neustaedter, with his sisters, runs a store in the town. M. S. Soares was another of the poineers. His sons, J. M. and George, own the Concord Ice & Fuel Company. Henry Bott, a black .. smith and wagon-maker, has been on the same corner with his plant for fifty years. He was a member of the first board of trustees upon the incorporation of the town and is still a member. In 1892, with a partner. Mr. Smith, he erected a new shop building.
Pacheco Lodge No. 117, I. O. O. F., was organized in 1863, with G. P. Loucks as first Noble Grand. On January 1, 1896, the hall was moved from Pacheco to Concord and dedicated.
Besides the Odd Fellows Lodge, there are the W. O. W., Neighbors of Woodcraft, I. O. R. M., U. P. E. C., and I. D. E. S .; Concord Parlor No. 245, N. S. G. W .; Mount Diablo Lodge No. 228, D. of R .; Concord Chapter, O. E. S .; Mount Diablo Lodge No. 448, F. & A. M., organized in 1915; and Y. M. I., organized July 31, 1887.
Concord has a Catholic church, a Presbyterian church, a Christian church, and a Church of Christ Scientist, organized in the order given. In 1873 a Catholic church was erected. In December 1882, a Presbyterian church was organized, with Rev. D. Monroe as pastor; and William Caven, John Brawand and E. A. Jaquith, trustees.
The first school was established in 1870 and was taught by Mrs. Henry Polley. A grammar school was built in 1892, and a high school in 1906.
Foskett & Elsworthy founded the First National Bank, now a branch of the American Bank.
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The Bank of Concord was established in 1900 by M. E. Lyon, who also built the Concord Inn.
The Concord Sun was founded by S. Fargeon. Later the name was changed to the Concord Transcript and the ownership fell to H. A. Downer. He was succeeded by J. S. Taylor, who sold to H. E. Griffith. Griffith sold to Mrs. N. K. Cushing. In 1910 a corporation called the Transcript Publishing Company was organized and published a paper every Thursday. This corporation was dissolved in 1914, when Catherine Burke purchased the paper. She married J. M. Soares, and together they direct the paper's destinies.
On February 5, 1905, Concord was incorporated as a city of the sixth class. B. Elsworthy was the first president of the board; Joseph Boyd, the second; E. J. Randall, third; J. M. Finney, fourth; H. W. Bott, fifth; J. M. Soto, sixth; Charles Klein, seventh; and D. J. Bald- win the eighth president.
Since the incorporation of the town, which now has 2100 population, $200,000 have been spent for street work. The city issued bonds in the amount of $29,000 for a sewer system, and pays $1,000 a year interest on them. Concord was the first town of its size to have paved streets, which were put down in 1914-1915.
The P. G. & E. and the Great Western Gas & Electric Company supply electricity for power and lighting, and the Contra Costa Gas Company, in 1916, began to supply gas for fuel and domestic purposes. Port Costa Water Company supplies pure water for all purposes.
On April 12, 1879, a fire department was organized, and this has grown with the town and is now equipped with a La France chemical engine, purchased in 1925, at a cost of $6000. The old chemical engine is owned jointly by the town and the Farm Bureau.
On April 25, 1917, Concord was visited by a fire which destroyed the business portion of the. town, including the Concord Inn, Concord Mercantile Company, B. Neustaedter's store, the office of Drs. L. Martin and Edward Johnson, and M. C. Meehan's hardware store, the law offices of A. S. Sherlock, and some apartments.
In 1912 the Oakland & Antioch Electric Railway entered the town, and then many of the old landmarks gave way to modern buildings.
Among the modern buildings in Concord are the M. E. Lyon Building, Bacon Block, Majestic Theater, J. J. January Building, Seifried Building, Concord Auto Service Station, Chevrolet and Ford, the new grammar school erected in 1924, and the high school. The new auditorium of the grammar school was opened in 1926.
The Mount Diablo Union High School in Concord is the second largest school in the county, having twenty teachers and a student body of 400. The district takes in a territory surrounding Concord that in- cludes the towns of Walnut Creek, Lafayette, Bay Point, Clayton, Cowell, Avon, and Pacheco. The total assessed valuation of the district is over $13,000,000.
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A Carnegie Library and a branch of the Contra Costa County Library serve the people of the locality with reading matter.
A Chamber of Commerce has been in continuous service since its organ- ization in 1917.
There are heavy shipments of green and dried fruits, nuts, and all kinds of farm products sent out from Concord annually over the Southern Pacific and the Sacramento Short Line. The Concord Ice & Fuel Company and Russi & Somer have ample storage warehouses. There are four fruit packing-houses at Minert Station, a short distance from town.
In 1925 hangars were built near Concord for the Diablo Air Mail Field Base for air mail transportation. The following newspaper reference to this base appeared under the date of January 26, 1925 :
"Six government planes detailed to the federal air mail will use the base as a test field for an indefinite period, starting today.
"In establishing the Concord trans-continental terminus the federal government has stationed fourteen air plane experts at the local base.
"The site is practically immune from the almost continual land and bay fogs of surrounding regions. Because of this and the adaptability of the ground formation for landing purposes, the experts declare it an excellent location."
CHAPTER X
CROCKETT
The town of Crockett, six miles below Martinez on Carquinez Straits, was named in honor of J. B. Crockett, a member of the Supreme Bench of California. The original townsite consisted of eighteen blocks divided into lots 50 by 100 feet each, with the streets running east and west.
The town is the location of the California & Hawaiian Sugar Refining Company, the largest plant of its kind in the world, representing an in- vestment of more than $7,000,000 and employing about 2000 people. The fine water-front of Crockett permits vessels of the deepest draft to load and discharge cargoes. The Sugar Company is very liberal in civic affairs : it furnishes a playground for the children, and a club house for the grown- ups. This is recognized as a community center club house.
THOMAS EWDARDS, THE FOUNDER OF CROCKETT
"Thomas Edwards, founder of Crockett, was born in North Wales on April 5, 1812. At the age of fourteen he went to sea and continued before the mast for ten years. He then became mate on a Mississippi River boat, where he met J. B. Crockett and W. C. Ralston. On February 9, 1843, he married Mary Pugh, who was also born in North Wales, on July 20, 1819. In 1849 they started for California. They wintered in Council Bluffs and started the next spring with forty men and ten wagons
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for California, reaching the end of the journey in September, 1850. He came almost immediately to the Carquinez Straits and engaged in the stock business on 1800 acres of land. The rest of his life is the history of Crockett. He died February 15, 1883. Two sons, Thomas and David, still make their home in Crockett."
The above quotation, and the following data relative to the founding of the town of Crockett, were taken from the Crockett Signal of November 17, 1922, when there was published a special edition at the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the California & Hawaiian Sugar Refinery.
Thomas Edwards, Sr., came to Carquinez Straits in 1866 and located in Bull Valley (Port Costa). J. B. Crockett, a practicing attorney and a friend of Mr. Edwards, came into possession of a strip of land one mile long on the straits and running three miles south, as counsel fees in settling a grant suit. Crockett and Edwards entered into a partnership on the land, but Edwards was unable to secure possession on account of squatters on the land. These men were living in a cabin, the present site of the A. H. Boucke home, and were cutting wood back in the hills and shipping by boat to the bay section. Watching their opportunity when the men were away from their cabin, Mr. Edwards and his sons took posses- sion. When the men came back to their cabin and found themselves dis- possessed, they went to the Fernandez ranch at Pinole, organized a band of sixteen men, and started back to oust the Edwards's. Mr. Fernandez, who knew the circumstances of Edwards' claim, hearing of the band of men leaving his ranch, mounted a horse and overtook them and succeeded in turning them back. The history of Crockett dates from 1867, when the Edwards family settled here, where they have since made their home. Thomas and David are the only survivors of the family.
Thomas Edwards erected his family home on the bay shore, in a little cove overlooking the water, the shore-line being just at the edge of his front yard. The shore-line has gradually receded until it is several hun- dred feet to the water's edge. There was an old Indian burying-ground in the immediate vicinity. The townsite comprised 115 acres. Edwards sold to J. L. Heald, who built a machine shop of brick and a foundry. He helped lay out the town. Edwards received $50 per acre, but reserved every other lot. The Edwards house is still standing in a grove of trees, most of which were planted by Mrs. Edwards.
NOTES FROM THE DIARY OF JOHN EDWARDS
The following items are taken from the Signal, as copied from a diary kept by John Edwards. In 1877 the Southern Pacific was pushing its road along Carquinez Straits, construction having begun in 1876.
"Feb. 6, 1877-The engineers arrived; 300 men are working on the railroad.
"May 31 .- Railroad men began driving piles for Edwards' wharf.
"June 5 .- The carpenters began work. The graders commenced on the local water-front.
CROCKETT, CALIFORNIA-1920
CROCKETT. CALIFORNIA
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"June 12 .- Construction work was halted on account of a dispute over rights of way over Donahue and Robinson's land.
"June 13 .- A schooner carrying forty Chinese workmen for the rail- road was nearly wrecked on the rocky point [where the sugar factory now stands ].
"Aug. 22 .- Hugh Edwards and a friend made a trip to San Francisco on the cars.
"Sept. 3 .- Railroad men are stringing telegraph poles along the right- of-way ; cars came up in sight of Edwards' house.
"Sept. 5 .- Election day, and all went to Martinez, over the new county road for the first time, to vote. P. Tormey was elected supervisor.
"Sept. 11 .- Rails laid past Edwards' house and cars passed. Engine 35 pulled a train of thirty-five cars and I rode on the train.
"Sept. 25 .- The first passenger train, with Leland Stanford on board, went through to Martinez.
"Oct. 9 .- The first morning newspapers were received by train.
"Dec. 16 .- A jury brought in a verdict for $1600 in favor of Robinson in damage suit over rights of way.
"June 23, 1878 .- Two engines hauling forty-three cars of lumber and iron for the tunnel came up.
"July 5 .- Passenger trains began making regular stops opposite Edwards' house.
"July 18 .- A letter was received from the railroad authorities, mak- ing Edwards' place a flag station.
"Aug. 30 .- Overland trains began passing.
"Dec. 18 .- Billings' Engine No. 28 ran into the morning emigrant train, telescoping three cars and injuring several people.
"Dec. 22 .- A great quantity of lumber for Port Costa ferry ship arrived.
"March 20, 1879 .- Mr. Gordon, telegraph operator, opened Valona station. He is stopping at Edwards' house.
"April 5 .- Valona office abandoned.
"April 25 .- Fire destroys James McHarry's store.
"Dec. 8, 1880 .- Edwards opened negotiations to buy Judge Crockett's interest in the ranch for $30,000.
"Dec. 29 .- A sidetrack was surveyed for the Edwards's.
"Dec. 30 .- Mr. Heald of Vallejo arrived, looking for a foundry site.
"Feb. 12, 1881 .- The Gazette says that J. E. Eckley transferred 250 acres to Frances Eckley and Carrie Adams for $5000.
"March 9 .- A. D. Starr and partner of the Buckeye Mills in Vallejo are around looking for a site.
"May 20 .- An express office has been established at Vallejo Junction.
"June 25 .- Dr. Strentzel and Mr. Edwards view the franchise made with Lee for tidelands.
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"July 29 .- Mr. Edwards finished the survey for the outline of a town- site.
"Oct. 8 .- Mr. Starr called to see about getting a mill-site.
"Nov. 7 .- T. A. McMahon, of Martinez, came down to survey the town-site.
"Nov. 18 .- Grading began for a hotel.
"Jan. 16, 1882 .- The carpenters are putting up rafters on Heald's foundry.
"Feb. 17 .- The Pinkerton House was opened to the public.
"Feb. 22 .- The first load of machinery for Heald arrived.
"March 2 .- Mr. Heald turned the first wheel in his foundry with a threshing engine.
"March 3 .- The foundry is in operation. The whistle blew at noon for the first time.
"March 10 .- A meeting was held with the Port Costans on the school question. They ran the meeting to suit themselves.
"March 11 .- An election was held to elect W. S. Cown, Doyle and John Edwards trustees of Carquinez district.
"March 13 .- A man named Welsh was around looking for a mill-site and seemed favorably impressed.
"May 23 .- The lumber arrived for J. C. Glancy's house.
"May 27 .- School trustees go to San Francisco and purchase $130.45 worth of supplies.
"June 5 .- School began with eighteen scholars. Miss Lottie Bent is the teacher. James and Nellie Narbett and three Perrin children are among the pupils.
"July 20 .- The first town water tank was set up by William Narbett for Mr. Edwards and a pipe line laid to it.
"Aug. 10 .- The foundrymen gave their first ball; there were twenty- seven couples present.
"Aug. 16 .- There are three Port Costa children in the Crockett school.
"Sept. 9 .- Two freight cars ran off the Solano Ferry today.
"Nov. 18 .- Starr & Company accepted the franchise offer of Edwards.
"Nov. 29 .- The deed was signed by Edwards and the franchise turned over to Starr & Co.
"Dec. 31 .- The heaviest snowstorm ever experienced; six inches of snow fell and stayed on the ground seven days.
"Jan. 18, 1883 .- Starr got his quit claim deed to high land across the track. [Hotel Crockett is now on the site. ]
"Feb. 4 .- Pile driver arrived.
"Feb. 6 .- The Mary Glover brought a load of piles for Starr's mill.
"Feb. 15 .- Thos. Edwards, Sr., died. He was buried on the 18th at Martinez.
"April 7 .- Legion of Honor organized. There are twenty members.
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"April 12 .- A wind storm scattered lumber for Starr's mill about the Straits.
"April 15 .- The first church services were held in Crockett settlement. About thirty-five attended. Mr. Ballagh preached.
"April 23 .- A site was chosen for a Congregational Church.
"April 29 .- The first church services were held at Port Costa; twelve people attended. Rev. Drahms preached.
"May 4 .- The Barkentine Restler was the first vessel to berth at the Starr wharf.
"June 15 .- There was a postoffice established at Crockett.
"July 7 .- The first load of groceries was received for Mr. Barnhisel. He has the first store in Crockett.
"July 14 .- The school was reorganized. Miss Jones, teacher.
"July 21 .- Dr. Strentzel gave A. D. Starr a block of land.
"July 31 .- The lumber was put on the ground for the first house on Dr. Strentzel's town-site, Valona.
"Sept. 22 .- Masons began laying brick for the flour mill."
LATER GROWTH OF THE TOWN
At the close of 1883 Crockett contained: the Pinkerton place, now Deininger's; Heald's foundry ; schoolhouse; postoffice; Barnhisel's store; Edwards Brothers' market; Daniel Brown's house, the first one built on the townsite; and the homes of M. A. Hayes, John Flood, J. C. Glancy, William Narbett, William Perrin, W. E. Parks, C. H. Gardiner, and a few others.
In 1897 the California Beet Sugar & Refining Company, R. P. Riblet, the first president, purchased the Starr Mill and converted it into a beet and cane sugar factory. The California & Hawaiian Sugar Company took charge in 1905, and began melting in March, 1906. That year they melted 67,000 tons. This company has grown into the largest refining company in the world, and has a melting capacity of 4,500,000 pounds.
April 22, 1899, the Crockett Signal says the Carquinez school district had an attendance of 166.
The first newspaper in Crockett was the Record, and the first issue was put out on Saturday, January 11, 1896. Hart A. Downer was editor and publisher. The Record was discontinued on December 19, 1896. On April 8, 1899, W. G. Howes founded the Crockett Signal, which lasted only a short time. In December, 1903, the Signal was revived, and it con- tinued until November 19, 1904. In January, 1906, W. M. Laidlaw again revived the paper. He has since continued its management very success- fully, building up a fine job-printing business in connection with the paper.
Crockett now has a population of 4000. It has a First National Bank, organized in 1919 with $25,000 capital, which was increased to $50,000. T. J. O'Leary was the first president and F. W. Hutchinson was president in 1926. There is also a branch of the Bank of Pinole, established in 1908.
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The Congregational Church of Crockett, built in 1884, and the Pres- byterian Church of Valona are combined under the head of the Crockett Community Church. There is also the St. Rose's Catholic Church.
The school has developed from the one first organized in June, 1883, with eighteen pupils, to a very modern institution containing twenty-six rooms, with 476 scholars and a principal and twenty-two teachers. The John Swett Union High School is also located at Crockett, and has 212 pupils and eighteen teachers. On Sunday, October 24, 1926, the laying of the cornerstone of the new John Swett Union High School building was observed with appropriate ceremonies. This is to be one of the finest and most modern high school buildings in the county.
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