History of Litchfield county, Connecticut, Part 26

Author: J.W. Lewis & Company (Philadelphia, Pa.)
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia : J.W. Lewis & Co.
Number of Pages: 1532

USA > Connecticut > Litchfield County > History of Litchfield county, Connecticut > Part 26

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

"The celebrated Aaron Burr (afterwards Vice- President of the United States) became intimately associated with Litchfield during this period. He graduated at Princeton College in October, 1772, and in the following JJune his only sister, Sarah Burr, became the wife of Tapping Reeve, Esq., of this town.

" In May, 1774," says bis biographer," " he left the Rev. Mr. Bellamy's, and went to the house of his brother-in-law, Tapping Breve, where his timo was occupied in reading, principally history, but especially those portions of it which related to war battles, und sieges, which tended to Intlame his natural military ardor. The almorbing topics of taxation and the rights of the people were agitating the then British Colonics from oue extreme to the other. Theso subjects, therefore, could not pass un- noticeil by a youth of the inquiring mind and antent feelings of Burr. Constitutional law, and the relative rights of the crown and the colo- niste, were examined with all the arumen which he possessed, and he became a Whig from reflection and conviction, as well as from feeling."

" Burr remained in Litchfield on this occasion some- thing over a year. The letters written by him while here contain frequent allusions to local matters and to individuals (especially the young ladies) residing

in the place. In a communication to Matthias Ogden (dated at Litchfield, Aug. 17, 1774) he says, ---

" Before I proceed further, let me tell you that a few days ago a mob of several hundred persons gathered at Barrington, and tore down the house of a man who was suspected of being unfriendly to the liberties of the people; broke up the court then sitting at that place, etc. As many of the rioters belonged to this colony, and the Supreme Court was then sitting at this place, the sheriff was immediately despatched to appre- heod the ringleaders. He returned yesterday with eight prisoners. who were taken withont resistance. But this minute there are entering the towo on horseback, with great regularity, about fifty men, armed each with a white club; and I observe others continually dropping in. I shall here leave a blank to give you (perhaps in heroics) a few sketches of my unexampled valor should they proceed to hostilities; and should they not, I can tell you what I would have done."

After the "blank," the young hero adds

"The above-mentioned sneaks all gave bonds for their appearance to sland a trial at the next court for committing n riot."

" While Burr remained at the house of Judge Reeve he was startled by the news of the battle of Lexing- ton, which took place on the 19th of April, 1775. Immediately thereafter he addressed a letter to his friend Ogden, urging him to come to Litchfield and make arrangements with him for joining the stand- ard of their country. The battle of Bunker Hill soon followed (June 16th). As Ogden could not come at once to Litchfield, Burr started for Elizabethtown, N. J., to assist his friend in arranging for a speedy trip to Cambridge, where the American army was then eneamped. In July they reached Cambridge, and in September Burr enlisted as a private soldier in Ar- nold's expedition through the wilderness to Quebec. It may be added that Litchfield was Col. Burr's recog- nized home for some half-dozen years.t

"On the morning of the 10th of May, 1775, Col. Ethan Allen, a native of Litchfield, at the head of his brave Green Mountain Boys, surprised and cap- tured the fortress of Ticonderoga. Several of this little band of heroes were born and bred in this vi-

+On tho 27th of January, 1:76, Judge Brevo wrote to Burr thus : " Amid the lamentations for the loss of a brave, enterprising general [Montgomery], your escapo from auch Imminent danger to which you have been exposed has afforded us the greatest entisfaction. The news of tho unfortunate attark upon Quebwe arrived among us on the 13th of this month. I concealed it from your sister nutll the Isth, whon shu found it out ; but in less than half no hour I received letters from Al- bany nequalnting me that you were In safety, and had gained great honor by your Intrepid conduct. . . . It was happy for us thut wo dhl not know you were an ald-de-ennip until wo hennl of your welfare; for wo hoard that Montgomery nud hdds alds wero klilul, without knowing who his alda were. Your alster enjoys a mlddling state of health. She has many anxious hours on your account ; but she tells me that, as sho believes you may serve the country in the business in which you nro now employed, sho ls contented that you should remain in the army. It must be an exalted public spirit that coul I princo auch an effect upon a sis- ter as affectionate as yours."

For several months in list, Mra. Theodocka Provost (the slashing young wblow of Colonel Provvet, of the British Army) was a resident of Litch- feld; and a few of her letters written from this placo are preserved in D'avis' Hife of Nurr, vol. i. pp. 221-227. She became the wife of Burr, July 2, 1782.

Aaron Burr became afd-o-camp to General Washington, Attorney- General of the State of New York, I'nitod Staten Senator, and in 1801 was a candidate with Jefferson for the Presidency of the United States, tho two receiving an equal number of electoral votra. After an exciting content of several days in the United States House of Representatives, Jefferson was chosen I'reeldent, and Burr Vice-President.

· Davis, 1. 40.

112

HISTORY OF LITCHFIELD COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.

cinity. Lieut. Crampton, who entered the fort by the side of Allen, was also a native of this town, and had resided here during a large part of his life. On this occasion was captured the first British flag that fell into the hands of the Americans in the Revolutionary contest ! The magnitude and importance of this ex- ploit will be better understood, when considered in connection with the vast amount of time, and treas- ure and blood, which the fortress had cost the Brit- ish government. The day following the capture of Ticonderoga the garrison at Crown Point, with all its military stores, was surrendered to Col. Warner, a na- tive of Roxbury, in this county.

" In January, 1776, Capt. Bezaleel Beebe, of Litch- field, received orders to enlist a company for the de- fense of New York. The tidings spread rapidly throughout the town, and awakened anew the enthu- siasm of the Whigs. A veteran who died within the last few years stated that when the intelligence reached him he started on a run for the captain's headquarters, fearing the roll would be full before he could reach there. Capt. Beebe's orders reached him on a Sunday, and by the following Saturday the company had been raised, armed, and equipped, and were on their march towards Fairfield. The following påper, with the names attached, is inserted here for preservation :

" WE, the Subscribers, being convinced of the Necessity of a body of Forces to defeat certain Wicked Purposes formed by the instruments of Ministerial Tyrnuny, do solemnly engage ourselves and enlist as Privato Soldiers, in a Regiment to be Commanded by Colonel ANDREW WARD, Jr., under the command of Major-General LEE, for the Term of Eight Weeks at the utmost from the Day wo March from Fairfield, which is the place of Hondezvous; the Honorable Major-General Leo having given his Word and Honor that we shall not be Detained a single Day after said Term. Dated ut Litchfield, 21st day of January, 1776.

" Lieut. Jonathan Mason,

" Sergt. Benjamin Bisseli,

Briant Stoddard,

Elihu Harrison,

James Woodruff,

Roger N. Whittlesey,

Oliver Woodruff,

Charles Woodruff, Jr.,

Phineas Goodwin,

Joseph Sanford,

Zebulon Bissell,

Stephen Brown,

Benjamin Taylor,

William Patterson,

Moses Taylor,

Juhn Lyman,

Frederick Stanley,

Obed Stoddard,

James Crampton,

T. Weed,

Culeb Munson,

George Dear,

Abrahamı Wadhams, Martin Nash,

Elihn Grant,

Oliver Griswold,

Abram Beach,

Zadock Gibbs, Jr.,

Ichabod Tuttle,

Josiah Bartholomew,

Chauncey Beach,

Jesse Stanley,

George Dear, Jr.,

Elisha Mayo,

Adino Hale,

Nathaniel Newell,

Allen Lucas,

Luman Bishop,

Williani Starr,

Asaph Benhanı,

Heber Gilbert, Jr.,

Joseph Finney,

Zebulon Palmer,

Zebedee Sturtevant,

Joseph Peters,

Martin Curtiss,

Truman Gilbert,

Levi Swan,

Heman Brown,

Joel Barnes,

Luther Comstock,

Peleg Holmes,

Daniel Swan."

Alexander Sackett,

" Those who have a knowledge of the leading men of Litchfield County from forty to seventy years ago will recognize in the above list the names of many of

her most prominent and influential citizens,-men of wealth and enterprise, who, though surrounded by the endearments of domestic life, voluntarily enlisted as private soldiers in that dangerous expedition. The roll as here given is not complete. About two-thirds of the persons named in the list belonged to this town ; the remainder were from Goshen, Torrington, and War- ren. They were all enlisted from the 21st to the 25th of January, 1776. The names of a few additional members of this company may be gleaned from the following appraisal :

" LITCHFIELD, 26th January, 1776.

" We, being requested to apprise the Arms belonging to Capt. Bezaleel Beebe's Company, in Col. Andrew Ward's Regiment, going on an expe- dition to New York under the command of Gen. Charles Lee-we accord- ingly apprized the samo, being first duly sworn, viz. :

Elihu Harrison's Gun, Bayonet and Cartridge Box, in his own hands. [ Figures omitted.]

Roger N. Whittlesey's Gun in the hands of Briant Stoddard.

Joseph Sanford's Gun, Bayonet and Belt in his own hands.

Nathaniel Allen's Guo, Bayonet and Belt in his own hands.

Obed Stoddard's Gun, Bayonet, Cartridge box and belt.

Joshua Smith's Gun in his own hands.

Zebulon Bissell's Gun in his own hands.

James Woodruff's Gun carried by Stephen Brown.

Phineas Goodwin's Gun, bayonet and belt.

Whiting Stanley's Gun carried by James Crampton.

Oliver Woodruff's Gun carried by himself.

Hezekiah Agard's Gun carried by John Lyman.

Jedediah Strong's Gun, bayonet and belt carried by William Patterson.

Lient. Jonathon Mason's Cartridge box.

Samuel Canfield's Gun corriod by himself.

Noah Garnsey's Gun carried by T. Weed.

Sergt. Benjamin Bissell's Gun and Bayonet carried by himself.

Asa Osborn's Gun and Cartridge box carried by himself.

Jedediah Strong's Gun carried by Benjamin Tuylor.

Jedediah Strong's Gun carried by Frederick Stanley.

Reuben Smith, Esq's, Gun, Bayonet, Cass and Belt carried by Capt. Becbe.

Capt. Jolin Osborn's Gun carried by Moses Taylor.

" ADRANAM BRADLEY,

" THOMAS CATLIN,

" ODED STODDEN,

Appraisers on Oath."

"In May, 1776, a regiment was ordered to be raised for the defense of the State, 'to be subject to join the Continental army, if so ordered by the Governor.' Captain Beebe was appointed to the command of one of the companies of this regiment, with Jesse Cook for first lieutenant, and James Watson for second lieutenant. Lieut. Watson was soon transferred to another corps, and John Smith, of Litchfield, was commissioned in his place. The following is a com- plete list of the officers and soldiers of this company :

Bezaleel Beebe, captain; Jesse Cook, John Smith, lieutenants; Wait Beach, ensign; Levi Peck, Cotton Mather, Heber Stone, Solomon Goodwin, sergeants; Samuel Cole, Ezekiel Bissell, Elijah Loomis, David Hall, corporals; Joel Taylor, drummer; Epaphras Wads- worth, fifer; Nathaniel Allen, Cyrenins Austin, Enos Austin, Joseph Austin, Andrew Austin, Elihu Beach, Barnias Beach, Zebulon Bis- sell, James Beach, Asa Brooks, Daniel Benedict, Samuel Baldwin, Elisha Brownson, Benjamin Bissell, Daniel Barns, Ebenezer Bacon, Noalı Beach, Elisha Bissell, Frederick Bigelow, Hezekiah Bissell, James Davis, Friend Dickinson, Jesse Dickinson, Solomon Dickin- 800, Ebenezer Dimon, Gershont Fay, Remembrance Filley, Joel Frost, John German, Phineas Goodwin, Beriah Birge, James Birge, Noadial Bancroft, Ithamar Gibbs, Moore Gibbs, Samuel Gleason, Isaac Hosford, Abraham Haskins, Amos Johnson, Charles Kilbourn, Henry Mclntire, Thomas Mason, Oliver Marshall, Timothy Marsh, Alexander McNiel, Ebenezer Landon, Remembrance Loomis, James

Jacob Gaylord,

113

LITCHFIELD.

Little, John Lymao, Noah North, David Olmsted, Ethan Osborn, John Parmeley, Solomon Parmeley, Joseph Goodwin, Benjamio Gibbs, Gershonı Gibba, Henry Plumb, Eliphaz Parsona, Joaeph San- ford, Frederick Stanley, Timothy Staoley, Jared Stewart, Joseph Spencer, Daniel Smith, Aaron Stoddard, Ira Stona, John Strong, Peleg Sweet, Stephen Taylor, Joseph Taylor, Samnel Vaill, Jeremiah Wecd, John Weed, Gideon Wilcoxson, Jobn Whiting, Oliver Wood- ruff.

"These names are copied from the account-book and billet-roll preserved among the papers of Col. Beebe. From various accounts and memoranda found in these papers, we are able to gather certain facts in the his- tory of some of these soldiers. Thus :

" August 9, To cash paid for coffin for Ira Stone;" Sapt. 7, " Lient. John Smith was discharged from the army io New York ;" "John German was dismissed from my company by order of a Genaral Court Martial, July 9, 1776;" "Ang. 9, James Beach died about 8 o'clock in the morning;" " Sept. the 5th, 10 o'clock at night, Saumnel Gleason died ;" in the account with Joel Taylor-" Paid ona dollar to Zebulon Taylor to deliver to the mother of the above Joal Taylor, deceased, It being cash that was with him when he died;" " Sept. 27, 1777, Received of Capt. Beeba 22 shillings for mileage from Philadelphia to Litchfield. (Signed) Abraham Has- kins,"

" From the account of Gershom Gibbs:

" Received of Capt. Beebe three dollars that belonged to my husband and son, which waa part of the money saut to them whilst prisoners In New York. (Signed) Tabithn Gibbs."

" From the account of Nathaniel Allen :

" Sept. 27, 1777, To cash left with Joseph Agard to be paid to Mrs. Allen, that was left with me when Mr. Alfan (Med."

" From the account with Phineas Goodwin :

" To back ratlons 16 days al Fort Washington," &c.

The fate of some of these individuals, together with that of many others belonging to this company, will be more fully explained in the narrative which fol- lows :

" About the 1st of November, 1776, thirty-six picked men (all of whose names are given in the pre- ceding roll) were placed under the command of Capt. Beebe and sent to Fort Washington to aid in its defense. This fort was captured by the enemy, and Capt. Beebe's company, with the rest of the garrison, were crowded, with hundred of others, into the sugar- house and on board the prison-ships; without nir or water, and for the first two days without food, conta- gion and death were the natural consequences. The dysentery, smallpox, and other terrible tliseases broke out among them, and very few of the whole number survived the terrible ordeal.

" On the 27th of December, 1776, an exchange of prisoners took place. Only eleven of Capt. Beebe's company were able to sail for Connecticut,-viz., Marsh, Woodruff, R. Loomis, B. Beach, N. Beach, Marshall, Brownson, Bissell, Little, Benedict, and Ma- son. Six of these died on their way home,-viz., Bissell, Brownson, B. Beach, Marsh, Marshall, and Loomis. The remainder of those who were living at that date, being too ill to be removed, were left be- hind, where all (except Sergt. Mather) died within a few days, most of them with the smallpox. Here follow the names of these 'picked men.' The notes

prefixed appear to have been added by Capt. Beebe at the different periods corresponding with the dates :

"AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRISONER'S NAMES AND PLACES OF CONFINEMENT.

Sergt. Cotton Mather-returned home.

Sergt. David ITall-died of tha smallpox on board the ' Grosvenor,' Dec. 11, 1776.

Elijnh Loomis-died.

Gershom Gibbs-died on board the ship, Dec. 29, 1776.

Timothy Stanley-died on board the ship, Dec. 26, 1776.

Amos Johnson-died Dec. 26, 1776.

Timothy Marsh-died on his way home.

Barniaa Beach-died on his way home.

Samuel Vaill-died on board the ' Grosvenor,' Dec. 27, 1776.

Nathaniel Allen-died of smallpox, Jan. 1, 1777.

Enoa Austin-died of the smallpox, Dec. 4, 1776, in the evening.

Gideoo Wilcoxson-died.

Thomas Mason-reachad home.

Alexander McNiel-died.

Daniel Smith-died in New York, of smallpox, Jan. 1, 1777.

Noah Beach-reached home.

Daniel Benedict-reached home.

Isanc Gibbs-dled Jan. 15, 1777.

OHver Marshall-died on his way homo.

Solomon, Parmeley-went on board the ship, and I fear he is drowned, as I cannot find him.

David Olmsted-died Jao. 4, 1777.

Jared Stuart-died Jan. 20, 1777, io the morning.

John Lyman-died Jan. 26, 1777.

Elisha Brownson-dled on hils way home.

[ The above Primera are at Livingston's Sugar-House.]

Zebulon Bissell- died in Woodbury, on his way hooie.

Anron Stoddard-died Jan. 12, 1777.

John Parmeley-died Jan. 15, 1777.

Joel Taylor-died Jan. 9, 1777.

Janiea Little-renched home.

Philneas Goodwin-died Jan. 5, 177%. [ The ahore at the Church culled the North Church.]

Oliver Woodruff-renched home.

Remembrance Loomis-dled on his way home.

[ The abore at Irule well.]

" The above prisoners belong to Capt. Beebe's company, Col. Bradley's regiment,

Corp. Samuel Cole,

Jeremiah Weed, Were either killed or made their escape from Fort Washington, on the 16th of November, 1270." Joseph Spencer,

John Whiting, -

" Probably no similar instance of mortality oc- curred during the entire war. Only six survivors out of a company of thirty-six hale and hearty young men is a percentage of loss rarely reached even in the most fatal engagements, But few, if any, of these men were slain in battle. They died miserable deaths from cold, hunger, thirst, suffocation, disense, and the vilest cruelty from those to whom they had surren- dered their arms on a solemn promise of fair and honorable treatment. Well might Ethan Allen (n professed infidel), with clinched teeth, exclaim to Capt. Brebe, as he did on one occasion, 'I confess my faith in my own creed is shaken; there ought to be a hell for such infernal scoundrels as that Lowrie" re- ferring to the officer in charge of the prisoners.

"Capt. Beebe, in consideration of his office, was allowed the limits of the city on his parole of honor, but was compelled to provide himself with food, lodging, and shelter. He was accustomed to visit his men daily, so long as any remained, and did what- ever he was allowed to do to allevinte their wretched

114

HISTORY OF LITCHFIELD COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.

condition. He was not exchanged with the other prisoners, but was detained within the 'limits' for nearly a year at his own expense. During much of this time Col. Allen was held in New York as a pris- oner of war, and, before the remnant of the Litchfield soldiers were exchanged, these two gallant officers often met for consultation.

"In June, 1776, the general assembly ordered six battalions to be raised in this State and marched di- rectly to New York, there to join the Continental army. A company was raised in Litchfield for this service, of which Abraham Bradley was captain ; Tilley Blakesley, first lieutenant; Thomas Catlin, second lieutenant ; and James Morris, Jr., ensign.

" Before the Revolution," says Mr. Gibbs, in his ' History of the Ad- ministrations of Washington and Adams,' "a lenden equestrian statue of George III, stood in the Bowling Green, in the city of New York. At the breaking out of the war this was overthrown, and lead being highly valuable, was sent to Gen. Wolcott's, at Litchfield, for safe keeping, where, in process of time, it was cut up and run Into bullets by his daughters and their friends."

In a paper read before the New York Historical Society, by the author above quoted, in October, 1844, he gives a curious and interesting history of this statue, from which the following extracts are made :

"ACCOUNT OF THE STATUE OF GEORGE III, FORMERLY STANDING ON THE BOWLING GREEN, NEW YORK.

" Most of the members ure probably aware that an equestrian statne of King George III, stood upon the Bowling Green, in this city, prior to the Revolution, and was overthrown soon after its commencement. I believe, however, that its subsequent fate has never been recorded, and having in my possession a paper giving authentic information on the subject, I have supposed that the royal etligy might be worth a brief obituary.

" Hoit's (New York) Gazette, as quoted by Mr. Dunlap, gives tho fol- lowing notice of its erection :

"' August 21st, 1770, being the birth-day of Prince Frederick, the father of George III., an elegant Equestrian Statue of his present Majesty, George 11 !. , was erected in the Bowling Green, near Fort George. 00 this occasion the members of his Majesty's Council, the City Corpor- ntion, the Corporation of the Chinmber of Commerce, the Corporation of the Marino Society, and most of the gentlemen of the City nud Army, wnited on his Ilonor, the Lientennnt-Governor Colden, in the Fort, et his request; when his Majesty's nnd other loyal healths were drunk under n discharge of thirty-two pieces of cannon from the Battery, ac- compnuied with a band of music. This beautiful Statue is mado of metal [Dunlap says, by wny of parenthesis, 'the writer did not like to say what metal represented his royal majesty, the best of kings-it was lead'], being the first equestrian one of his present Majesty, and is the workmanship of that celebrated statuary, Mr. Wilton, of London,'

"Symptoms of disloyalty, betokening revolution, I suppose, soon manifested themselves in the rude trentment of the effigy, for on the 6th of February, 1773, an act was passed ' to prevent tho defacing of statues which are erected in the city of New York.'

" Upon the above account Mr. Dunlap observes, 'This status stood till some time in 1776. I saw it in 1775. In 1776 it was thrown down, and tradition says converted into bullets to resist his gracious majesty'a soldiers when sent to enforce the doctrine of ' the sovereignty of the British Parliament over the colonies in all cases whatsoover'-the doc- trine of Mr. Pltt, Lord Chatham, which he died in an effort to enforce The pedestal stood until long after the Revolution. No fragment of the horse or his rider was ever seen efter its overthrow, and so completely had the memory of the event been lost, that I have never found a person who could tell me on what occasion it was ordered, or when placed In the Bowling Green.

"Seme cotemporary notices of the destruction of this effigy linve been pointed out to me, which I will cito. The first is from a book of general orders issued by Washington, the original ofwhich is in the possession of this sociaty. It is as follows :

"'July 10 .- Though the General doubts not the persons who pulled down and mutilated the statue in Broadway last night acted in the public enuse, yet it has so much the appearance of riot and want of order in the army that he disapproves of the manner, and directs that in future these things shall be avoided by the soldiery and left to be executed by proper authority.'

" The next is in a letter from Ebenezer Hazard to Gen. Gates, dated July 12, 1776, which will be found nmong the Gates papers, and in the society's collection, and is as follows :

" ' The King of England's arms have beco burned in Philadelphia, and his statue here has been pulled down to make musket balls of, so that his troops will probably have melted majesty fired at them.'

" Another is in n letter from New York, of July 11, 1776, published in the New Hampshire Gazette of the 27th:

" 'Lust Monday evening the Equestrian Statue of George III., with tory pride and fully raised in the year 1770, was, by the Sons of Freedom), laid prostrate in the dust-the just desert of an ungrateful tyrant. The lead wherewith this monument is made is to be run into bullets, to assimilate with the brains of our infatuated adversaries, who, to gain a peppercorn, have lost an empire. A gentleman who was present at the ominous fall of his leaden majesty, looking back to the original's hopeful beginning, pertinently exclaimed in the language of the angel to Lu- cifer, 'If thou be'est lie, but ah how fallen 1 how changed !'

" Mr. Stephens* (Incidents of Travel in Russia, etc., vol. ii. p. 23) men- tions having met with n curious memorial of its destruction, and at an out-of-the-way place. This was n gaudy and flaring engraving in a black wooden frame, representing the scene of its destruction, which he found in a tavern at Chiof, in Russia. 'The grouping of picture,' he says, ' was rude and grotesque, the ringleader being a long negro stripped to his trowsers, and straining with all his might upon a rope, ono end of which was fastened to the hemul of the statue and the other tied around his own waist, his white teeth and the whites of his eyes being particu- larly conspicnous on n heavy ground of black.' How this picture found its way to Russia it would be difficult to imagine; it would certainly be not less n curiosity here than there.

" The document I have mentioned gives an account of its remaining history in a shape which history seldom assumes, that of an account cur- rent. It is preserved among the papers of Gen. (afterwards Governor) Wolcott of Connecticut. It is a statement of the number of cartridges made from the materials of the status by the young ladies of Litchfield, and is in these words :

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History of Litchfield county, Connecticut, Part 26

Author: J.W. Lewis & Company (Philadelphia, Pa.) Publication date: 1881 Publisher: Philadelphia : J.W. Lewis & Co. Number of Pages: 1532

Author: J.W. Lewis & Company (Philadelphia, Pa.)
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia : J.W. Lewis & Co.
Number of Pages: 1532