USA > Connecticut > New London County > History of New London county, Connecticut : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 142
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586
HISTORY OF NEW LONDON COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.
Montville Paper Company, a joint-stock corporation, of which Oliver Woodworth was president. In 1865 the company sold out all their interest in the paper- mill and its business to John Robertson, Carmichael Robertson, and James Bingham. Carmichael Rob- ertson, in 1866, purchased the interest of the other members of the firm, and successfully conducted the paper business to the present time.
Manilla paper is the principal article of mannfac- ture. This mill operates a 56-inch cylinder machine, with three paper engines. The product of the mill is about six hundred thousand pounds of paper yearly.
Alfred Hurlbut is owner and proprietor of the cotton-twine and rope mill situated next above C. M. Robertson's paper-mill. This mill was first erected in 1866. Mr. Hurlbut did a prosperous business here until the loss of his mill by fire in 1874, with all its contents. The next year it was rebuilt by him, and the business has been continued to the present time with profit. Its production is about ninety thousand pounds of rope per year.
The Rockland Paper-mill, now owned by C. M. Robertson, was first built of wood in 1850 by John W. Smith, who at that time was running a small cot- ton-batting factory, on the premises and near the site of the present paper-mill. Mr. Smith leased the mill and privilege while the building was in process of ercetion to Enoch B. Culver for a term of five, ten, or twenty years, the term of lease to commence at the completion of the building. Mr. Smith becoming embarrassed in his financial matters, sold out the whole concern to the lessee the following year.
On the 24th day of April, 1852, Enoch B. Culver made an assignment of all his property to Benjamin Durfee, of Norwich, in trust for the benefit of his creditors. This property was in November following sold by the trustee to Babcock, Dubuissen & Holl, of New York City, by whom the paper business was car- ried on until 1857, when it was sold to the Rockland Company, a joint-stock corporation, of which David Smith, of Norwich, was president. In 1868 the build- ing was totally destroyed by fire, with all its contents. Soon after the fire the stockholders sold their stock in the company to Norman B. Church, an enterprising young man of Montville, for the sum of twenty thou- sand dollars. Mr. Church afterwards sold about one-half of the stock to other parties, and was ap- pointed president of the company. The mill was shortly afterwards rebuilt with stone and put in oper- ation. Mr. Church continued to manage the busi- ness until his death in 1873. After his death it was found that the company had not been as successful as was supposed, and in 1874 the company made an as- signment to Charles W. Butler, Esq., of New Lon- don, in trust for the benefit of all its creditors. On the 19th day of July, 1875, the trustee sold the equity of redemption in the property, the same being en- cumbered by mortgage to C. M. Robertson, who has continued to run this mill, in connection with his
other one below on the stream, with success. In this mill book and news paper was formerly made, but after it came into the hands of Mr. Robertson the old machine was taken out, which was a Fourdrinier machine, and a new 68-inch cylinder machine put instead ; and since only manilla paper is made. The mill contains three engines of four hundred pounds each, and one Jorden engine. It has the capacity of turning out three thousand five hundred pounds of paper per day.
Near the site of the Rockland Paper-mill there is still standing an old mill building supposed to have been built by Joseph Smith about 1780, and used by him as a fulling-mill. It was afterwards converted into a cotton-batting mill, and operated by Abel Smith. After the death of Abel Smith, his son, John W. Smith, continued the same business until he sold out to E. B. Culver. Mr. Smith afterwards removed to New York, where he was engaged in the soap manufacture until his death a few years ago, May, 1879.
The Fox Mills, so called, are of ancient origin, and formerly consisted of only a grist- and saw-mill. This site is probably the second one occupied on the stream. Mr. Samuel Fox was the first who occupied this priv- ilege. He owned about fifteen hundred acres of land in the vicinity. Here he first built a saw-mill about the year 1700. The grist-mill was probably built by Ezekiel Fox, to whom the property was devised by his grandfather, Samuel Fox. Ezekiel Fox in his last will gave the mill property to his son Ezekiel, who occupied them only a few years, and sold them to Isaac Turner in 1805. These mills remained in the Fox family over one hundred years. In the year 1811, Isaac Turner conveyed the same to Reuben Palmer, Sr., and in 1813, Reuben Palmer leased to James S. Rogers the privilege to use the water for a machine-shop, and a small strip of land on which to erect the building. Mr. Rogers was engaged in the machine building and repairing only a short time. In about one year from the time he commenced busi- ness Mr. Rogers gave up his lease, yielding posses- sion to the lessor. The building built by Mr. Rogers was afterwards used as a cotton-factory ; Reuben Palmer, Jr., having purchased the property of his father in 1817, after the cotton-factory had been con- sumed by fire. In 1837, Henry Wheeler came into possession of the factory-site, rebuilt the factory, and started the manufacture of cotton twine and bats. Mr. Wheeler and his sons, William and Edwin, con- tinued the business until 1871, when the whole prop- erty was sold to the Rockland Company, and is now owned by C. M. Robertson. A grist-mill is still run at this place.
"Oak Dale Mill" was built by James Bingham in 1866, and was occupied by him in the manufacture of manilla paper until April 1, 1880. The property having been foreclosed by the mortgagee, Mr. Bing- ham not being able to redeem it, it was sold by the
587
MONTVILLE.
Savings-Bank of New London to Palmer Brothers. It is now used in the manufacture of bed-quilts in connection with their other mill in Palmertown. This mill is located about two miles up the stream from their other mill. This water-privilege was first pur- chased by James Bingham of Charles F. Scholfield in 1866, and he at once commenced the erection of a stone building and a dam.
The next mill above Oak Dale Mill belongs to Charles F. Scholfield. This mill was built by Mr. Scholfield in 1868, and was for several years used as a cotton twine mill. In 1878, Mr. Scholfield took out the cotton machinery and filled it with woolen ma- chinery, by which he has since continued to make flannels and kerseymere cloths and to do custom roll carding.
Scholfield's satinet-factory, owned by Benjamin F. Scholfield, is the oldest woolen establishment on the stream. A fulling-mill was started here about the year 1790, but previous to that time a saw-mill was put into operation. It appears that Joseph Otis first carried on the fulling and clothing business at this place. Afterwards, in 1808, Elijah Beemis was con- ducting the same business at the place. In 1814, Mr. John Scholfield bought the mill property of Daniel F. Raymond, Esq., enlarged the old building, and put in machinery for the manufacture of woolen cloths by water-power. Looms and other improved machinery were put in operation at this mill. Here was manu- factured the first piece of satinet known to have been made in this State. The manufacture of satinet seems to have been first introduced into this State by Thomas Scholfield, son of John Scholfield, the pioneer woolen manufacturer in this country. This mill property has been owned in the Scholfield family since its purchase by Mr. John Scholfield in 1814. The present owner continues to manufacture "Scholfield's celebrated satinet."
The woolen-factory, formerly owned and operated by Deacon Harry Vincent, deceased, is the first mill- privilege on the Oxoboxo stream below the reservoir. A saw-mill was first built on this site by Atwell Chapel about the year 1795. This property after- wards came into the possession of Joshua Baker, son- in-law to Atwell Chapel, and in 1827, Joshua Baker, Sherwood Raymond, Caleb Baker, and Clark Bissel erected here a building and started the manufacture of linseed oil. It did not prove to be a very profitable business, and was soon after abandoned. Deacon Harry Vincent purchased the water-privilege with all the buildings thereon in 1829. Having enlarged the old building, he put in machinery for carding wool into rolls, spinning yarn, and the manufacture of flannels and cassimeres. At first Mr. Vincent occupied a part of the mill as a dwelling. He, after living in the mill a few years, built him a dwelling-house a short distance from the mill, in which he lived until his death in 1878. Deacon Vincent, by strict economy, close ap- plication to his business, and honorable dealings in
carrying on his small business, accumulated sufficient means to place him in very comfortable circumstances. So great was his trust in the Divine Providence that he was emphatically opposed to availing himself of the popular manner of escaping loss to property from fire or the elements, and was never known to have suffered by either. Since his death the factory has remained unoccupied.
The reservoir at the head of Oxoboxo stream is called Oxoboxo Pond, and covers an area of one hundred and sixty acres of land. The dam has been raised from time to time since the original was built.
In the early settlement of the town a small pond was raised at a point a few rods above the present structure and a saw-mill started. Afterward, proba- bly about 1725, a grist-mill was put into operation here by Jonathan Maynard. This mill-site and a portion of the land in the vicinity was conveyed Dec. 11, 1698, by Owaneco, then chief of the Mohe- gans, to Thomas Stanton, of Stonington. Stanton afterwards conveyed it to James Harris, a land spec- ulator, who sold it to Joseph Otis. Otis sold it to William Maynard, and Maynard left it by heirship to his son, Jonathan Maynard, who conveyed it by deed to his son, Jonathan Maynard, Jr., and he to his son, Henry Maynard, and Henry Maynard con- veyed it to Lorenzo Dow in 1825. It appears to have been in the Maynard families upwards of one hun- dred years.
The distance from the reservoir to the outlet of the stream, at the cove and river Thames, is one thousand eight hundred and sixty rods, or five and four-fifths miles by the course of the stream. The surface of the water in the reservoir when full is about three hundred and fifty feet above tide-water in the river Thames, being about twenty-five feet fall to each mill- privilege on the stream.
During the year 1826, Lorenzo Dow raised the dam at Oxoboxo Pond about four feet, "thinking," as he said, " it would be for the interest of the mill-owners on the stream below." But Peter and Henry A. Richards, who were the owners of the cotton-mill at Uncasville, considered that the raising of the dam by Mr. Dow was an infringement upon their rights to the use of the water, claiming that the raising of the dam prevented the natural flow of the water; and that it being so raised, it was the intention of Mr. Dow to keep the water from flowing down to their mill, thereby in- juring their business.
Messrs. Richards, in the year 1827, brought a suit against Lorenzo Dow, charging him with a detention of the water. The case was brought before the County Court for New London County and tried. It was decided in favor of Mr. Dow. The plaintiffs then took out an appeal to the Superior Court. The case was then brought before a jury, who rendered a ver- dict in favor of the plaintiff's in the following words : "In this case the jury find that the defendant is guilty in manner and form as the plaintiffs in their declara-
588
HISTORY OF NEW LONDON COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.
tion have alleged, and therefore find for the plain- tiffs to recover thirty dollars damages and their costs." The costs amounted to $60.94.
Mr. Dow immediately paid the damages and costs, and then raised his gate at the pond, letting the water flow out quite freely, causing a freshet in the stream, which did considerable damage to land and other mills along the stream below the reservoir.
This mill-privilege, with the reservoir, was sold in November, 1829, by Mr. Dow to Robert Bowzer and Hezekiah Goddard, who shortly afterwards conveyed it to Charles A. and George R. Lewis. The dam was again raised by Messrs. Lewis several feet, and a cot- ton-mill started on the premises, and kept running for several years in connection with their mill at Uncas- ville. About the year 1840 this cotton-mill was abandoned, the buildings taken down and carried to Uncasville, and no manufacturing business has been carried on there since." Willet R. Wood, Esq., was the superintendent of the cotton-mill at this place until it was given up, and he then removed to Uncas- ville, became a stockholder in the company, and was manager of the business until his health failed him and he removed to Norwich, where he died in 1880.
Ninety-five years ago the assessed value of all the mill property located on "Saw-Mill Brook," now Oxoboxo, was only about two thousand dollars. The present assessed value is three hundred and forty-one thousand four hundred and twenty-four dollars, and is fourteen times greater than the assessment of the whole town in 1820.
There are several other small streams of water located in different parts of the town on which mills have been erected. In Chesterfield there is a saw- and grist-mill owned by George Latimer. This water- privilege with its mills have been in the possession of the Latimer families more than one hundred and fifty years. A small cotton-mill is operated by David F. Thompson in Chesterfield. A saw- and grist-mill is located near the head of Haughton's Cove, at the ont- let of Stony Brook, now owned by William G. John- son, Esq. A grist- and shingle-mill has within a few years been erected, and is now owned by Mr. William HI. Palmer. It is located near the source of Stony Brook, in the north part of the town.
CHAPTER LXX.
MONTVILLE-(Continued).
CIVIL HISTORY.
THE town of Montville was incorporated and con- stituted a distinct and separate town by an act of the General Assembly of the State of Connecticut, held at New Haven, Oct. 12, 1786.
The first town-meeting was held in the meeting-
house of North Parish, on Monday, the 13th day of November, 1786. Joshua Raymond, Esq., was chosen moderator, and John Raymond, clerk. At the same meeting Nathaniel Comstock, Asa Worthington, Ste- phen Billings, Joseph Davis, and Peter Comstock were chosen selectmen, and John G. Hillhouse, treas- urer.
Probably owing to some informality in the call of the first meeting, a subsequent meeting was warned, and held on the 19th day of December following. At this meeting Asa Worthington was chosen moderator, and John Raymond, Jr., clerk ; James Haughton, Jason Allen, Jabez Rogers, Mathew Turner, and Jo- seph Bradford were chosen selectmen.
A tax of two pence on a pound was voted and laid on the grand list of the town for the year 1786, to de- fray the expense of the town for the ensuing year.
The collector of taxes was required to procure bonds to the acceptance of the selectmen, and to receive only two and a half pence per one hundred pounds for collecting the taxes.
The selectmen were not to receive any pay for " time or expense." It appears to have been a eus- tom in those days for the town officers to attend to all the duties of their respective offices without compen- sation for their services, excepting that of collector of taxes, and that was very small.
The men of those times appear to have been trained to consider that their services belonged to their coun- try not only in its defense, but in the administration of its government. A very great change has since their day become apparent in the matter of compen- sation for ministerial and judicial services.
At the present time no official act in the adminis- tration of either town or State affairs is gratuitously rendered.
The following abstract of the taxable property will show the amount of polls and ratable estate of the town as assessed in 1787 :
219 polls from 21 to 70 years of age at £18
£ 3,942 0
0
63 " 16 to 21
567
0
0
292 oxen and bulls four years old and upwards ..
876 0
0
659 cows and steers.
1,318 =
0
250 two-year old steers and heifers ..
250
0
0 0 0
30 horse kind two years old ..
60 0
33 = one year old.
33 757
0 5
0
381012 mowing and clear pasture
334
= boggy meadow, mowed
83 10 ()
31
not mowed.
3 2
0
221
44 low meadow-land
82 17 589 4
6
5892
bush pasture.
0
1136
uninclosed land, Ist rate
113 12 0 140 8 0
2808
= 2d rate.
141 S
0
45 tons of vessels
0
2 riding-chairs ..
28 silver watches ..
4 brass-wheel clocks.
4
0
174 ounces silver plate
3 9
7
105 pounds money at interest al 6 per cent ..
6
0
4 fire-places, Ist rate.
3
7
2d rate.
3 18 9
170
3d rate.
63 15 0
277 = 4th rale.
51 18 9
Assessment on trades and business
141 0 0
11,611 13 7
2664 sheep deduction at 4 per head.
532 16 0
11,078 17 7
5656
3d rate
0 0 33 15 6 42 12
0
0 0
0 0
4 wooden-wheel clocks
6 0 0
151416 acres of plow land.
1,524 4
0
s. d.
253 horses three years old and upwards.
759 0
589
The amount of assessed property in 1790 was $40,453 00
66
4 4
1800 . 45,911.81
11810
43.153.00
21820
23,596 00
1830
515,559.75
1840
564.961.00
1850
777.3.6.00
1860
" 1,057,623.00
1870
" 1,226,760 00
1880
" 1,068,645.00
Between the years 1820 and 1830 the manufacturing interest began to be developed, and by this new start in the manufacturing business the grand list of the town was increased several thousand dollars. A few persons began to invest their money in bank stocks, and money at interest had also increased. The first bank stock assessed to any individual in the town was to Samuel Hillhouse.
The following statement will show the several amounts of bank stock, manufactories, and money at interest assessed in the town from 1830 to 1880 in every tenth year :
Bank Stock.
tories.
Interest.
In 1830.
$600
$42,700
$6,700
" 1840 ..
7,875
60,500
30,205
1850
25,867
70,467
77,461
1860.
64,728
195,525
66,330
1870
151,197
256,550
64,262
# 1880.
103,566
297,800
18,498
The following is the summary statement of the town treasurer's account from the year 1800 to the year 1880 inclusive :
Date.
Amt. received.
Amt. paid out.
1800.
$605.10
$617.75
1810.
837.93
837.93
1820
1,515 82
1,429.38
1830
1,192.96
1,232.25
1840.
1,620 50
1,696 90
1850
1,727.08
1,697 78
1860.
3,773.43
3,801.03
1861
3,021 80
3,014.04
1862
4,937.92
4,939.50
1863
10,17.3.19
9,817.26
1864
10,827.69
10,670 65
1865
14,680.40
17,628.87
1866,
14,765,37
15,606.50
1867
12.822.46
12,818.65
1868.
12,251.23
12,782.76
1869
17,735.45
17,489.55
1870
17,007.57
17,007.78
1871
18,105.34
18,026.10
1872
19,177.97
19,181.66
1873
20,867.16
20,546 87
1874
30,660,87
30,449.29
1875.
19,051.23
16,880.46
1876.
20,853.69
15,531.75
1877
15,708.52
18,301.25
1878
21,101.61
19,650.32
1879
19,537.11
18,664.76
1880
19,370.86
23,158.69
Representatives from 1787-1882 .- The following persons have been elected representatives from this town to represent it in the Legislature of this State since its incorporation :
1787-90, John G. Ilillhouse ; 1790, Joshua Raymond; 1791, Joseph Ches- ter; 1792, John G. Hillhouse; 1793, Joseph Chester; 1794, Erastus Worthington ; 1795, Mathew Turner; 1796, John G. Hillhouse ; 1797 -1800, Joshua Raymond; 1800, Adonijah F. Bradford ; 1801, John G. Hillhouse; 1802, Nathaniel Comstock ; 1803, Daniel Worthington; 1804-7, John G. Hillhouse ; 1807-13, Wm. W. Haughton ; 1813-15, David Turner; 1815-17, Win. W. Haughton; 1817, David Turner;
1818, Oliver Comstock : 1819, Mumford Dolbeare; 1820, Stephen G. Thacher; 1821, Nathaniel Bradford ; 1822, Asahel Otis; 1823-26, Sherwood Raymond ; 1826, Thomas Fitch ; 1827, Sherwood Ray- mond; 1828, William Raymond; 1829, Sherwood Raymond; 1830, Ephraim Fellows; 1831-33, Sherwood Raymond; 1833, Azel F. Rogers ; 1834, Mulford C. Raymond; 1835, Sherwood Raymond; 1836, Azel F. Rogers; 1837, Joseph L. Chapman ; 1838, Nathaniel Parish ; 1839, Robert Comstock ; 1840, William Thacher; 1841, Ed- mund Smith ; 1842, Thos. P. Rogers; 1843, Albert G. Darrow ; 1844, Henry C. Beardslee ; 1845, John B. Rogers ; 1846, Robert Comstock ; 1847, Nicholas Latimer; 1848, Peter Wickwire; 1849, Ethan G. Cran- dall ; 1850, George G. Latimer; 1851, Daniel L. Browning; 1852, Na- thaniel B. Bradford ; 1853, Thos. P. Rogers ; 1854, Elisha II. Palmer ; 1855, Hiram l'. Baker; 1856, Ethan G. Crandall ; 1857, Thomas B. Williams ; 1858, Albert G. Darrow ; 1859, Norman B. Church ; 1860, Calvin Allyn ; 1861, Ralph P. Caulkins; 1862, Waterman R. Burn- ham; 1863, Thos. W. Chaplin; 1864, Elisha II. Palmer ; 1865, Willet R. Wood; 1866, Raymond N. Parish ; 1867, Aaron F. Rogers; 1868, William Fitch : 1869, Willet R. Wood; 1870, James Allyn; 1871, Augustus A. Parker ; 1872, Elisha M. Rogers; 1873, Anson G. Baker; 1874, John L. Comstock ; 1875, Alexander C. Robertson ; 1876, John M. Crumb; 1877, James H. Manwaring : 1878, Eben R. Eaton ; 1879, Henry W. Strickland; 1880, John A. Coggshall; 1881, Carmichael Robertson.
SENATORS.
1838-46, Sherwood Raymond ; 1856, William Thacher; 1866, Elisha H. Palmer; 1874, Richard G. Hooper.
TOWN CLERKS.
1786-1802, John Raymond; 1802-3, David H. Jewett; 1803-8, Adonijah F. Bradford; 1808-17, Azel Rogers; 1817-23, Giles Turner; 1823-26, Joshua Baker, Jr .; 1826-27, Joseph L. Chapman ; 1827-34, Mulford C. Raymond ; 1834-35, Azel F. Rogers ; 1835-48, Mulford C. Ray- mond; 1848-54, Joseph Brumley ; 1854-55, John A. Coggshall; 1855 -57, Elisha II. Palmer; 1857-62, Raymond N. Parish ; 1862-64, Elisha H. Palmer; 1864-81, Henry A. Baker.
TOWN TREASURERS.
1786-90, David II. Jewett; 1790-91, Joshua Raymond; 1791-92, Isaac Turner; 1792-93, Joshua Raymond ; 1793-94, Adonijah F. Bradford ; 1794-96, Thomas Hillhouse ; 1796-97, John Raymond ; 1797-99, Joshua Raymond; 1799-1800, John G. Ilillhouse; 1800-10, Atwell Chapel; 1810-15, Wm. W. Haughton ; 1815-17, Azel Rogers; 1817- 20, Giles Turner; 1820-21, Azel Rogers; 1821-23, Nathaniel Brad- ford; 1823-25, Azel Rogers; 1825-48, Nathaniel Parish; 1848-54, John Fellowes; 1854-55, Daniel L. Browning; 1855-56, Nathaniel B. Bradlord; 1856-62, John Fellowes; 1862-69, John B. Rogers; 1869-73, Raymond N. Parish ; 1873-76, Henry A. Baker; 1876-77, Carmichael Robertson; 1877-79, Lewis Browning; 1879-80, Frank A. Royce ; 5 1880, Silas II. Browning.
Probate Judges .- The town of Montville was constituted a probate district by act of the General Assembly of this State at its May session in 1851.
The following persons have been elected to the office of judge of the probate district of Montville :
1851-54, Benjamin F. Bradford; 1854-55, Albert G. Darrow ; 1855-59, Joseph Brumley ; 1859-61, Henry A. Baker; 1861-64, Mulford C. Raymond ; 1864-67, Wm. Fitch ; 1867-82, Henry A. Baker.
CHAPTER LXXI. MONTVILLE-(Continued). BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
Elder Reuben Palmer, born June 12, 1759, was the son of Gershom Palmer and Dolly Brown, of Preston. He was their only son of ten children, and
1 Waterford was incorporated a town in 1801, which took off a portion of Montville.
2 Salem was incorporated a town in 1819, a part of which was taken from Montville.
3 Town bonds sold.
+ Paid outstanding orders.
5 He was elected for a second term, but resigned after holding the office three months, and the selectmen appointed S. H. Browning to fill the vacancy.
38
MONTVILLE.
Manufac- Money at
30,496.003
30,496,004
590
HISTORY OF NEW LONDON COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.
married, Nov. 16, 1780, Lucretia Tyler, danghter of Caleb Tyler and Hannah Barns, of Preston. He was ordained a Baptist elder at North Stonington, and while pastor of a church at North Stonington re- ceived a call to the old Baptist Church in Montville, and was their acting pastor from May 3, 1788, to Dec. 25, 1798, at which time a Council was called, and he was publicly installed pastor of the church. His pastorate continued until his death.
Elder Palmer's ministry in Montville was continued with great success, several hundred being baptized under his ministry, In 1797 Elder Palmer purchased a tract of land in the town of Montville containing a mill privilege (the site of Palmer Brothers' present bed-quilt manufactory). A grist-mill and oil-mill were erected upon the premises. The grist-mill was afterwards converted into a distillery, but was aban- doned soon after his son Gideon came into possession of the property.
The oil business was continued several years after the death of Elder Palmer. He also bought another mill-site on the same stream, above his oil-mill, called Fox Mills, about 1812, consisting of a saw- and grist- mill. These mills were run by him until 1817, when he sold out to his son, Reuben Palmer, Jr.
Elder Palmer was the owner of a large tract of farming land, and carried on the farming business to a considerable extent. He possessed a large amount of public enterprise, and to him is due in no small degree the present moral and religious standing of the community in which he lived. To him was also due much of the progress made in the manufacturing interests of the town. The enterprising spirit pos- sessed by him seems to have been transmitted to his descendants without any diminution.
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