USA > Connecticut > New London County > History of New London county, Connecticut : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 35
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"On the town street, east of Stallion and Bayley, a lot of ample dimensions was laid out to John Gal- lop, eight acres in the very heart of the town, cover- ing the space cast of the town street to the beach, and extending north from State Street to Federal.
"George Chappell's lot, granted Feb. 20, 1651-52, was afterwards the Manwaring homestead, on Man- waring's Hill.
" William Comstock's location was on Post Hill, near the present corner of Vauxhall and Williams Streets. Mrs. Lake and John Elderkin had a lot of eight acres divided between them, next south of Com- stock. The dividing line between them was directly opposite the intersection of the highway now called Granite Street. South of them, near the intersection of the present Broad Street, was Matthew Waller. This elevated neighborhood was called Waller's Hill. Thomas Hungerford had a lot on the bank next above Stanton's. Edward Scott and Thomas Stedman forfeited their grants, though at a period fifteen years later Stedman, or another person of the same name, became an inhabitant.
"Trumbull, in the 'History of Connecticut,' treat- ing of the plantation at Pequot, places the removal of Mr. Blinman under 1648 :
" This year Mr. Richard Bliuman, who had been a minister in Eng- land, removed from Gloucester to the new settlement, in consequence of which a considerable addition was made to the numbers who had kept their station.
"This date is too early. A comparison of the records of Gloucester with those of New London shows that he did not remove till 1650. The records of neither place afford us any clue to the causes which led to this change of abode. No disagreement of Mr. Blinman with his parishioners at Gloucester is mentioned. Ecclesiastical dissensions, however, ex- isted in the colony, from which he may have wished
to escape. He appears to have been desirous also of living near to some settlement of the natives, in order to devote a part of his time to their instruction.
" The original contract of the town with Mr. Blin- man has not been preserved; but from subsequent references it appears that a committee had been sent to confer with him, who had pledged liberal accom- modations of land, with a salary of sixty pounds per annum, which was to be enlarged as the ability of the town increased. A house-lot of six acres, on Meeting- house Hill, was confirmed to him Dec. 20, 1650, 'three acres whereof,' says the record, 'were given by the town's agents, as appears in the articles, and the other three by a public town-meeting.' This house- lot covered some of the highest land in the town plot, and was directly north of that of Mr. Parke. De- scribed by modern boundaries, it occupied the space between the old burial-ground and Williams Street, along the north side of Granite Street. The town built his house for him, as appears from various refer- ences and charges respecting it, but on what part of the lot it stood is uncertain.
" The whole Eastern or Cape Ann Company that proposed removing with Mr. Blinman could not have been less than twenty families. Nearly this number of planters came on the next spring, but some of them merely to explore and view the country. Perhaps a dozen brought with them their families, cattle, and goods, and became permanent inhabitants. Several of these are supposed to have been members of Mr. Blinman's church at Chepstowe, in Monmouthshire, England, before his ejection. They had accompanied him over the ocean, had kept with him at Marshfield and at Gloucester, and now followed his fortunes to the shore of the Sound. They were farmers and mechan- ics, who had found Gloucester, which was then little more than a fishing station, an unfavorable place for their occupations, and hoped by coming further south to meet with a less sterile soil and a fairer field for enterprise. It was certainly an object for the faithful pastor and his tried friends to keep together, and as Pequot was without a minister and casting about to obtain one, the arrangement was an agreeable one on all sides. The settlement of the Parkes in the plan- tation was also very probably linked with the removal of Mr. Blinman, he being connected with them by family ties.1
" In March, 1651, the principal body of these East- ern emigrants arrived ; in addition to those already named, John Coite the younger, William Hough, Thomas Jones, Edmund Marshall and his son John, William Meades, and James Morgan belonged to the same company. With them came also Robert Allyn, from Salem, and Philip Taber, from 'Martin's Vine-
2 " It is probable that Mr. Blinman's wife Mary and Dorothy, wife of Thomas Parke, were sisters. In various deeds and covenants ou record Mr. Blinman calls Thomas Parke his brother, and in a deed of 1653 he conveys land which he says 'I had of my brother-in-law, Thomas Parke.'
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HISTORY OF NEW LONDON COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.
yard.' The plantation at this period was a place of considerable resort, and a number of persons enrolled their names and obtained grants, whose wavering purposes soon carried them elsewhere. The younger Coite, the two Marshalls, and Thomas Jones, after a short residence, returned to Gloucester. Philip Taber commenced building a house on Foxen's Hill, which he never occupied or completed. It was sold by his brother-in-law, Cary Latham, in 1653.
"Several other persons also appear among the grantees or planters of the town at this flood-time of increase, but no certain date can be given for their arrival. These are Matthew Beckwith, the Beeby brothers (John, Samuel, and Thomas), Peter Collins, George Harwood, Richard Poole, and John Packer. Samuel Becby, and perhaps John, had been for some time in the plantation, in the service of Mr. Win- throp. Thomas is supposed to have come with the Eastern Company. All had house-lots given them in the spring of 1651.
" Next to Mr. Blinman, the person of most note in the Cape Ann Company was Obadiah Bruen. He had been recorder and one of the townsmen of Glou- cester for several years, and in transferring his resi- dence seems to have taken his pen and his official duty with him. His latest registration in Gloucester was made in December, and the succeeding February he was recorder and one of the townsmen of Pequot. The house-lot accorded to him was on Meeting-house Hill, and covered a considerable part of what is now the town square, leaving only narrow highways on the north and west, and extending south to the present Broad Street. Portions of it werc afterwards given up to the town by himself and subsequent owners. He sold it in 1653 to William Hough.
" Early in 1651, New Street, in the rear of the town plot, was opened for the accommodation of the Cape Ann company. This position was designated as 'be- yond the brook and the ministry lot.' It was carved into house-lots and took the name of Cape Ann Lane. The lots on this street were nine in number, of six acres each, extending both sides of the narrow street from the alder swamp in front to Cedar Swamp on the west. Beginning at the lower end, Hugh Calkins had the first lot by the Lyme road, or highway to Nahantick, as it was then called, and next him was his son-in-law Hugh Roberts, then Coit, Lester, Avery, Allyn, Meades, Hongh, Isbell. The Beebys and Marshalls were yet farther north. James Morgan · was ' on the path to New Street' (i. e., Ashcraft Street). William Kceny was nearly opposite the south en- trance to New Street, on the Nahantick road. Par- ker was next below him, at the head of Close Cove, and Wellman on the same cove, southeast of Parker. Wellman and Coite, however, exchanged lots; the latter was a ship-carpenter and wished to be near the water, where he could be accommodated with a build- ing-yard.
" The house-lots accorded to the new-comers were
mostly in the rear of the town plot, where the posi- tion was inconvenient and dreary and the soil hard to cultivate. Many were discouraged and went away who would perhaps have remained had their home- lots been more inviting.
The Town Plot .- "The first home-lots were laid out chiefly at the two extremities of the semicircular projection which formed the site of the town. Be- tween these were thick swamps, waving woods, ledges of rock, and ponds of water. The oldest communica- tion from one to the other was from Mill Brook over Post Hill, so called from Richard Post, whose house- lot was on this hill, through what is now William Street to Manwaring's Hill, and down Blackhall Street to Truman Street was the harbor's north road. Main Street was opened, and from thence a cut over the hill westward was made (now Richards and Granite Streets). Bank Street was laid ont on the very brink of the upland, above the sandy shore, and a space (now Coit Street) was carried around the head of Beacon Cove to Truman Strect, completing the circuit of the town plot. No names were given to any of the streets for at least a century after the settlement, save that Main Street was uniformly called the Town Street, and Bank Street the Bank. Hempstead Street was one of the first laid ont, and a pathway coincident with the present State Street led from the end of the Town Street west and northwest to meet it. Such appears to have been the original plan of the town. The cove at the north was Mill Cove; the two coves at the south Bream and Close. Water Street was the beach, and the head of it at the entrance of Mill Cove, now Sandy Point." 1
Removal of Winthrop .- In 1657, Mr. Winthrop was chosen Governor of the colony, which necessi- tated his removal to Hartford, the town thereby losing its friend and patron. His homestead passed into the possession of Edward Palmes, who married his daughter Lucy.
" Before Mr. Winthrop's removal to Hartford he leased the town mill to James Rodgers, a baker from Milford, who had traded much in the place, and in 1657 or 1658 became an inhabitant. As an accom- modation to Mr. Rogers in point of residence, he also alienated to him a building spot from the north end of his home-lot next to the mill, on which Mr. Rogers erected a dwelling-house and bakery, both of stone.
"Mr. Winthrop's own homestead, in 1660 or 1661, passed into the occupancy of Edward Palmes, who had married his daughter Lucy. Mr. Palmes was of New Haven, but after his marriage transferred his residence to the Winthrop homestead, which, with the farm at Nahantick, the Governor subsequently confirmed to him by will. In that document this estate is thus described :
" The Stone-house, formerly my dwelling-honse in New London, with garden and orchard, as formerly conveyed to said l'almes, and in his use
1 Miss Caulkins.
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NEW LONDON.
and possession, with the yard or land lying to the north of the said house to join with James Rogers:" "also a lot of six acres lying east of the house, bounded north by the oxe-pasture and east by the Great River, and having two great oak trees near the sonth line."
"This stone house, built in 1648, stood near the head of the cove on the east side, between the street (since laid out and appropriately named Winthrop Street) and the water. The ox pasture to which the will refers was inclosed the same year. Samuel Bee- by, in a deposition of 1708, testified that he and his brother made the fence to it 'sixty years since,' and that 'Mr. Winthrop's goats and cattle were kept therein as well as his oxen.' The 'old stone house' is mentioned in the will of Maj. Palmes in 1712, who bequeathed it to his daughter Lucy, the only child of his first wife, who, having no children, left it to her brothers, Gny and Bryan Palmes. This homestead is supposed to have been for more than a century the only dwelling on the Neck, which was then a rugged point, lying mostly in its natural state, and finely shaded with forest-trees. It was sold about 1740 to John Plumbe.
" The mill being a monopoly, could not fail to be- come a source of grievance. One mill was manifestly insufficient for a growing community, and the lessee could not satisfy the inhabitants. Governor Win- throp subsequently had a long suit with Mr. Rogers for breach of contract in regard to the mill, but recov- ered no damages. The town likewise uttered their complaints to the General Court that they were not 'duely served in the grinding of their corn,' and were thereby 'much damnified,' upon which the court or- dered that Mr. Rogers, to prevent 'disturbance of the peace,' should give 'a daily attendance at the mill.'
" After 1662 the sons of the Governor, Fitz John and Wait Still Winthrop, returned to the plantation and became regular inhabitants. Between the latter and Mr. Rogers a long and troublesome litigation was maintained in regard to bounds and trespasses, no- tices of which are scattered over the records of the County Court for several years. In 1669, Capt. Wait Winthrop set up a bolting-mill on land claimed by Mr. Rogers, who as an offset immediately began to erect a building on his own land, but in such a posi- tion as wholly to obstruct the only convenient passage to the said bolting-mill. This brought matters to a crisis. Richard Lord, of Hartford, and Amos Rich- ardson, of Stonington, were chosen umpires, and the parties interchangeably signed an agreement as a final issue to all disputes, suits at law, and controversies from the beginning of the world to the date thereof. Winthrop paid for the land on which the mill stood, Rogers took down his building frame and threw the land into the highway, and all other differences were arranged in the like amicable manner.1
" In March, 1658-59, the General Court appointed John Smith commissioner of the customs at New Lon-
don. This was the first regular custom-house officer in the town, and probably in the colony.
" May, 1660, the General Court granted New Lon- don to have an assistant and three commissioners with full power to issue sinall causes. For the year ensu- ing Mr. John Tinker was chosen assistant ; Mr. Bruen, James Rogers, and John Smith, commissioners."
The first birth in the new plantation is believed to have been " Mary, daughter of Robert Hemstead, born 26th of March, 1647."
The next birth was that of Manasseh, son of Thomas and Grace Miner, born April 28, 1647.
Robert Hemstead is supposed to have been the first person married.
The first death was that of Jarvis Mudge, in March, 1651-52.
The first registered death was that of " Ann, dangh- ter of Thomas and Grace Miner, born 28th of April, 1649; died 13th of August, 1652.
The first permanent blacksmith was John Prentiss, of Roxbury, who came in 1651-52, and was a welcome addition to the little settlement. " The town built him a house and shop and furnished him with half a ton of iron, also twenty or thirty pounds of steele." His house-lot of two acres was located on the corner of State and Bank Streets. Lieut. Samuel Smith located here about this time. He was a prominent citizen, and was chosen "the towne's lewetenant."
Indian Troubles .- In 1652 a general apprehension existed throughout the country that the Indians were preparing for hostilities. The Narragansetts were especially regarded with suspicion, and preparations were made in the frontier towns to guard against sur- prise. At Pequot the town orders were peremptory for arming individuals and keeping a vigilant cye upon the natives. Watchmen were kept on the look-out both night and day. A fresh supply of ammunition was procured and the following directions published :
" July 8, 1652.
" Forfeiture of false raising of an alarum, 101.
" Forfeiture of not coming when an alarnm is raised, 5l.
" Forfeiture of not coming to there pticular squadron, 5l.
"It is agreed yt it shall be a just alarum when 3 gunnes are distinctly shot of, and the drum striking up an alarum.
" If the watchmen here a gunn in the night, they well considering where the gunn was firing if they conceive to be in the Towne may raise an alarum.
" For the seting of a gunn for a wolfe they yt set a gnnn for that end shall acquaint the constable where he sets it that he may acquaint the watch."
Three places in the town were fortified, the mill, the meeting-house, and the house of Hugh Caulkins, which stood at the lower end of the town, near the entrance of Cape Ann Lane. The inhabitants were divided into three squadrons, and in case of an alarm Sergt. Miner's squadron was to repair to Hugh Caulkins', Capt. Denison's to the meeting-house, and Lieut. Smith's to the mill.
Severe restrictions were laid upon the trade with the Indians in the river, which was to be confined to Brewster's trading-house. No individual could go up
1 Duties of selectmen.
10
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HISTORY OF NEW LONDON COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.
the river and buy corn without a special license, which was only to be given in case of great scarcity. Hap- pily no alarm occurred, and all fear of an Indian war soon died away. But Mr. Brewster was allowed for several years to monopolize the Indian trade. This granting of monopolies was perhaps the greatest error committed by the fathers of the town in their legis- lation.
" The years 1661 and 1662 were noted for strife and turbulence among the inhabitants. Cases of calumny and riot were common. The disorderly elements of society were in motion, and the influence of the wise and good was scarcely sufficient to keep them in sub- jection. No clear account of any one case can be given, as they appear before us only in the form of depositions, protests, suits at law, fines, and com- plaints. Several of the inhabitants accused Mr. Tinker, the assistant and first magistrate in town, of speaking treasonable words, and of using dishonorable means to obtain testimony against his adversaries; and Mr. Tinker brought suits for defamation against Messrs. Haughton, Morton, and Thomson, the Indian mis- sionary. The trials were in the Particular Court, and the issue may be gathered from a passage in the records of the General Court :
"' This Court, upon consideration of Mr. Tinker's encouragement in his place and employment, do order £12 to be paid to him by the treas- urer out of the fines imposed on Morton, Haughton, and Mr. Thomson.''
" Mr. Tinker was popular both with the town au- thorities and the General Court, and had been chosen townsman, list and rate-maker, deputy and assistant. He had established a distillery in the town, and was not only licensed by the court to distill and retail liquors, but empowered to suppress all others who sold by retail in the township. It was with little chance of success that accusations against a character so highly respected were carried before the magis- trates at Hartford. That venerable body doubtless regarded with apprehensive forebodings the new and boisterous community that was growing up under their shadow. We can at least imagine them to have had some misgivings when William Morton, the con- stable, led off with the following pompous protest :
"" To all whome it may concerne.
"' You may please to take notice that I William Morton of New Lon- don being chosen by the Towne of New London to be a Constable and by oath being bound to execute that place faithfully as also being a free Denison of that most famos country of England and have taken an oath of that Land to be true to his Royall Maiesty or now Gracious King Charles the Seacond of Glorious renowne, I count that I cannot be faith- full unto my oath nor to his maiestie, neither should I be faithfull to the Country wch lyes under reproaches for such maner of speeches and cariages already wherefore having evidences that Mr John Tinker, who is lookt at as one that should exsicute Justice and sworne by oath soe to doe, especially to studdie the honor of or Royall King and of his Life and happie being, yet notwithstanding the saide Tinker allthough it was notoriously knowne unto him that some had spoaken Treason against the king in a high degree to the greate dishonor of his Royall maiestie and farther some pressed him againe and againe to doe Justice for the king yel although they declared what and what was to be testi- fied by one there preasent, he flung away the testimony, wherefore in
the name of his majesty whose deputy I am I doe protest against the said Tinker, that he has consealed treason against the king contrary to the Lawes of England, so as I conceive has brought himselfe under treason, And as I doe protest against him I desire all that reade this or heare of it to be my witnesses-published by me. 20. March : 1662.
"' In New London in New England.
"' WILLIAM MORTON, "' Con-table.'
"A writ of attachment was issued by the court, at their May session, against William Morton and Rich- ard Haughton, bringing them under a bond of £500 to appear and answer to the suit of Mr. John Tinker, before his majesty's court of justice in Hartford, the next September. In October of the same year, before any accommodation or decision had taken place, Mr. Tinker' died suddenly in Hartford, and was honored with a funeral at the public expense. Though the principal party was thus removed from all participa- tion in the suit, it was prolonged for several years. It was finally referred to a committee of the Legis- lature in May, 1666.2 A curious reference to what took place in the trial of the case in September, 1662, is found in a deposition of Mr. Thomson, recorded in New London :
"' I William Thomson, Clarke, being present when Mr. Morton had a tryall in Hartford in New England in the year of our Lord God 1662 about treason spoken against his sacred Majestic when Mr. Mathew Allin being the moderator in the Governor's absence did deny to try the said cause by the laws of Old England when it was required by the said Morton that he would doe justice for the king, he answered tauntingly to the said Morton-he should have justice, if it were to hang half a dusen of you .- Further saith not.
"'Jurator coram mne, George Jordan, Aprill 26, 1664.
"'Test Georgius Wilkins, Clericus County Surry, Virginia.'"
Patent of New London.
" Patent of New London sanctioned by the Governor and Company, 14. Oct. 1704.
"To all persons to whom these presents shall come,-The Governor and Company of her Majesty's Colony of Connecticut in General Court assembled send greeting :- Whereas we the said Govr and Compy by virtue of Letters Patent to us granted by his Royal Majy Charles the Second of England &c. king, bearing date the 23d day of April, in the 14th year of his reign, A. D. 1663, have formerly by certain acts and grants passed in Gen. Assembly given and granted to John Winthrop Esq, Waite Winthrop Esq, Daniel Wetherell Esq, Richard Christo- phers Esq, Mr. Nehemiah Smith, Capt. James Morgan, John Allyn, William Douglas, Joseph Latham, Capt. John Avery, David Calkins, Capt. John Prentis, Lievt John Hough, John Stubbin, John Keeney, Robert Douglas, John Burrows, Samuel Fish, Thomas Crocker, Richard Dart, Samuel Rogers Sent, John Rogers Sent, James Rogers, John Lewis, Daniel Stubbin, George Geares, Thomas Bolles, Benjamin Shapley, John Edgecombe, Jonathan Prentis, Peter Harris, Samuel Avery, Robert Lattimore, Lawrence Codner, John Turrell, John Richards, Peter Strick- land, Stephen Prentis, John Plumbe, Samuel Rogers Jun., John Fox, Samuel Bebee, Oliver Manwaring, John Coit, George Chappell, Joseph Miner, John Beckwith, Philip Bill, Thomas Starr, John Davie, James Morgan Jun., Charles Hill, Joshua Hempstead, Jonas Greene, Joseph Truman, Thomas Way, Jeremiah Chapman, Thomas Bayley, Daniel Comstock, Joshua Baker, John Wickwire, Benjamin Atwell, Thomas Williams, Samuel Waller, Peter Crary, Joshua Wheeler, Richard Wil- liams, Richard Morgan, Abel More, Adam Picket, James Avery, John Daniels, Christopher Darrow, Andrew Lester, John Chappell, Daniel Lester, Samuel Rogers (Joseph's son), with divers other persons and to their Heirs or Assigns or such as shall legally succeed or represent them, or either of them forever, a just and legal propriety in a certain tract of land now commonly called and known by the name of New London, lying and being within the Colony aforesaid, to us by the said Letters
1 Conn. Col. Rec., vol. i. p. 382.
2 Jbid., vol. ii. p. 27.
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NEW LONDON.
Patent granted to be disposed of as in the said Letters Patent is directed, and bounded as hereafter followeth, and the said Jehn Winthrop, Waite Winthrop, &c .- [here the names are all repeated]-with such other per- sons as are at this present time by virtue of the aforesaid acts and grants proprietors of the said tract of land, having made application to us fer a more ample confirmation of their propriety in the said tract of land which they are now in possession of, by a good and sufficient instrument aigned and sealed with the seal of this Corporation, therefore Know Ye, that the said Govr and Compy in Gen1 Court assembled, by virtue of the aforesaid Letters Patent and for divers good causes and considerations pursuant to the end of said Letters Patent, us hereunto moving, Have given, granted and confirmed and by these presents do further fully, clearly and amply, give grant and confirm to the aforesaid John Win- throp Esq, Waite Winthrop Esq, Daniel Wetherell Esq, Richard Christo- phers Esq, Mr. Nehemiah Smith, Capt. James Morgan, with all the other above-named persons, and all other persons at this present time proprie- tors with them of the said tract of land, now being in their full and peaceable possession and seisin, and to their Heirs and Assigns or such as shall legally succeed or represent them or either of them forever, the aforesaid tract of land commonly called and known by the name of New London, lying in the colony aforesaid, and bounded as followeth-that is to say,-on the West by a ditch and two heaps of stones on the west side of Nayhantick Bay, on the land formerly called The Soldier's Farm, about 40 rods eastward of the house of Mr. Thomas Bradford, and from thence North by a line that goes three rods to ye west of ye falls in Nay- hantic river and from thence North to a black oak tree 8 miles from the ditch aforesaid, which tree hath a heap of stones about it, and is marked on the west side WE, and on ye east side IP, being an antient bound mark between New London and Lyme, and from that tree East half a mile and 16 rods to a black oak tree with a heap of stones about it, marked with the letter L and from thence north to the northeast corner of the bounds of the town of Lyme and from the said N. E. corner bounds of Lyme upon a straight line to the Southwest corner of the south bounds of the town of Norwich :- On ye North by the south bonnds of the aforesaid Norwich, as the said bounds are atated from the aforesaid S. W. corner down to a Cove commonly called Trading Cove, and from thence by the sd Cove to ye Great River, commonly called New London river and from the place where ye said Cove joins to the said river by a line crossing the river obliquely eastward to the month of a Core commonly called Pankatannuk Cove, and from thence by the said Paukatannuk to the head thereof, and from theuce upon a direct line to an oak tree marked and standing near the dwelling house of Themas Rose, which tree is ye S. E. corner of the bounds of ye aforesaid Norwich, and from thence by an East line to the bounds of the town of Stoning- ton, which line divides betwixt New London and Preston .- On the east by a line which runneth south from the place where the above men- tioned north bounds of New London aforesaid meets with the said bonnds of Stonington till it comes to the place where the Pond by Lan- thorn Hill empties itself into the Brook, and from thence by ye main stream of sd brook till it falls into ye river called Mistick River and from thence by ye said Mistick River till it falls into the Sea or Sound to ye north of Fisher's Island :- On the South by the Sea or Sonnd from the mouth of the aforesaid Mistick River to the west side of Nayhantick Bay to the aforesaid ditch and two heaps of stones about it .- Together with all and singular the Messnages, Tenements, meadowes, pastures, commons, woods, underwoods, waters, fishings, small islands or islets, and hereditaments whatsoever, being parcel belonging er anyways ap- pertaining to the tract aforesaid, and do hereby grant and confirm to the said Proprietors, their Heirs, or Assigns, or such as shall legally succeed or represent them, his or their several particular respective proprieties in ye said premises given and confirmed according to such allotments or divisions as they the said present Proprietors have already made, or shall hereafter make of the same-
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