USA > Connecticut > Hartford County > Hartford > History of the diocese of Hartford > Part 7
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3 Ohely was captain of a privateer.
4 Dyer was Surveyor General of the plantation, and was made Deputy Collector and Searcher for Conn., March 9, 1695.
5 Shipwright ; had his building yard in 1696 near the Fort Land .- " History of New London."
Chris. Crow. 1683
John Crow Middletown, 1683
John Nash. New Haven, 1683
William Dyer. .New London, 4 1685
Henry Crean
Guilford, 1669
Andrew Ward
Killingworth, 1669
William Venteras.
Necolas (Nicholas) Acly.
John Kirby ..
.Middletown (about) 1675-6
John Kelly 1658
Thomas Ford. Windsor, 1669
John Reynolds 1669
Timothy Ford.
New Haven, 1669
45
DIOCESE OF HARTFORD.
Daniel Collins. .1706
Fergus McDowell 1 1 709
James Poisson .. 1710
Thomas Nash. Fairfield Co., 1739
Samuel and Sarah Daley .. .. Killingly, 1740
John Neal.
Danbury, 1743
James Welch.
1710
John Collins
17II
Daniel Carroll
IZII
Thomas Short
New London, 2 1712
Thomas Ennis. 1714
Joseph Keeney 1714
Mary Corbitt
1715
Joseph Kelly
.Norwich, 1716
Thomas Carey
.Stamford, 1720
Stephen Boutenet.
.New Haven, 1720
Joseph Purdy
Stamford, 1723
George Chartres.
1726
William McNall.
John Lawson. Union, 3 1727
James Sherrer.
Robert Kennedy
Norwich, 1730
Patrick Streen and family ...
Glaston-
bury 1731
John Creesey (Crecy ?). . Woodbury, 1731
Anthony Demil (D'Emile ?) .. Stamford, 1734 John Farley. .Ellington, 1734
Richard Kating (Keating) New
London 1736
John Hamilton New London, 1736
Dennis Dehortee (Doherty). .New
Patrick Fleming
.Waterbury, 1770
William Larrows.
Stratford, 6 1770
1 Alexander de Resseguie, formerly of Ridgefield, settled in Norwalk in 1709. He was a descendant of Dominique de Resseguier, who in 1579 resigned his position as Secular Abbot of the Church of St. Afrodise de Beziers, Languedoc.
2 Year of his death. Short was the first printer in the colony of Connecticut .- "History of New London," page 351.
3 The founders of the town of Union and were from Ireland.
Rev. Timothy Collins was ordained a minister, June 19, 1723, and was located at Litchfield. Dismissed October 14, 1752. He was of Irish, and, probably, of Catholic parentage.
In 1743 there was one " Papist " in Stratford ; so wrote the Rev. Samuel Johnson to the London secretary in his Notitia Parochialis, April 6th.
4 Sellers of merchandise.
" The former died in December, 1767; the latter in October. Both were buried from the " First Church." Married December 29, 1763. The records of births, baptisms and marriages of the First Church, Coventry, contain many Irishi names that are suggestive of Catholic antecedents, as John W. Murphy, Daniel, Cornelius and Cornelia Loomis, Elizabeth Murphy, Timothy Dunmick, Mary Boynton, Dennis Maraugh, Abraham Col- lins, etc.
6 Described in the public records as a French transient, probably one of the Acadian exiles.
Patt O'Conele, a soldier in the Crown Point expedition 1755
John McMunnun, the same.
David Lacy
Fairfield, 1755
James Tracy
Windham, 1755
James McGunigle, Ist lieutenant. 1760
Patrick Walsh, adjutant. 1760
Patrick Thompson and Son .New
London 4 1761
Dennis Maraugh and wife .. Coventry, 3 1767 John Tully Saybrook, 1769
John Cochran 1769 Mr. Kelly Simsbury, 1769
Patrick Butler
.Goshen, 1770
Stephen Tracy
New London, 1770
Michael Ball
Colchester, 1770
London
1736
Daniel Collins
.New London 1736
Timothy Bonticot
.New Haven, 1748
Thomas Thompson 1748
Daniel Russell.
1748
John Row(e)
1748
John Ford.
Milford, 1748
Richard Flynn.
Woodstock, 1749
Benjamin Frizzel.
1750
Jeremiah Kinney
Windham Co., 1751
John Lane, Jr.
Killingworth, 1752
John Nevil .Glastonbury, 1737
Henry Delamore New London, 1738
Capt. Rene Grignon Norwich, 1710
Peter Crary
1710
46
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN NEW ENGLAND.
Louis Cooley (Coullie) 1 1770
Michael Magee. Hartford, 1770
Two Catholics in Simsbury, 2 1771
Timothy Roes .Coventry, 1771
Timothy Reynolds. Greenwich,
lieutenant. .. 1771
Thomas Fanning. Groton, captain, 1771
John McDonald. Hartford, 1772
Daniel Burns
.New London, 1772
John Meramble. Woodbury, 6 1780
Mr. Phillips
Litchfield, 1780
Anna Maloney
66
1772
Barney Kinney
.New London, 1 1781
Patrick Robertson. New London, 1772
Patrick Ward. Groton, 11781
Captain Callaghan .. 66
1772
Timothy Coleman Coventry, 1785
1 On record as a French captive and either an Acadian or one of the prisoners in the wars against Cape Breton.
2 Rev. Mr. Viets, of Simsbury, Connecticut, on December 26, 1771, wrote to Lon- don : "I know of but two professed Papists and one Deist in Symsbury. All of them coine often to church, and one of the Romans lately procured me to baptize one of his children, and behaved with much devotion during the occasion." Hist. P. E. Ch. Conn., page 172.
$ Described in the records as a " foreigner." He died some time previous to 1767. His name appeared in connection with a note for £368, which he held against a certain David McCullum, of St. Croix. Before his death he placed the note in the hands of Wil- liam Potter, at whose house lie died. The result was considerable litigation, and the case was finally brought before the General Assembly for adjudication. " Pub. Rec. of Conn.," Vol. IX., p. 114.
4 He was subsequently captain of a brig called the "Irish Gimblet."
In the list of names of the persons killed by the British troops at New Haven, July 5 and 6, 1779, is that of John Kennedy. " Hist. and Antiquities of New Haven," p. 125.
Lawrence Sullivan, from Connecticut, was taken prisoner at the battle of Bunker Hill and was released February 24, 1776.
At the period of the American Revolution, James Mooklar, an Irishman, was en. gaged in business on Main street, Hartford. He was a barber by occupation, and, prob- ably the first to follow that vocation in this State. His shop was located between Cur- rier's cabinet shop and a school house. Adjoining the school was the first Society Meet- ing House. The first printing office in Hartford was in a room over Mooklar's shop. In this office, owned by Mr. Green, Mr. George Goodwin, for many years the senior editor of the Hartford Courant, served his apprenticeship, which he began at the age of eight or nine years. Almost directly opposite Mooklar's shop was the residence of John Chene- vard, a Frenchman, by occupation a sea captain. "Conn. Hist. Coll."
5 Wrecked in a storm off Plum Island, May 27, 1779, when himself and five sailors perished.
6 Described as " an Irishman."
7 Both were killed at the massacre of Fort Griswold by the British, 1781.
Kinney was buried in the "First Ground," at New London. Ward was a lieuten- ant. His remains were interred in the " Old Ground," at Poquonoc. On a stone over his grave was inscribed these words :
" In memory of Mr. Patrick Ward, who fell a victim to British cruelty in Fort Griswold, Sept. 6th 1781 in the 25th year of his age."
John Farley .. Hartford, 1772
Morte (Murtagh or Mortimer) Sulli-
van New London, 3 1773
William McCauley. .New Haven, 1773
John Lamb. New London, + 1774
Frederick Barene . Waterbury, 1776
Captain Richard McCarthy. New
London 5 1779
William Orr.
Hartford, 1772
47
DIOCESE OF HARTFORD.
Joseph Manly Coventry, 1786
Daniel O'Brien New London, 1795
Patrick Butler Hartford, 1793
John Callahan.
1796
Richard Kearney New London, 1793
Henry McCabe.
1796
Patrick Thomas 1
John Sweeney Hartford, 1799
Joanne (Jeanne) Duboin .. Hartford, 2 1791
Patrick Munn
1799
Pierce Marshall
1799
Pierce O'Neil. Simsbury, 1793
Signor Rosetti. Hartford, 3 1794
John McGinley
1801
Patrick Lucas
New London, 1794
Michael Dawley 66 1801
James Mageness. 1794
Hugh Ward ..
1801
John Fogarty 1794
John McGuire. Pomfret, 1801
The son of a Mrs. Garvan
1794
John Conley
Glastonbury, 1801
Timothy Gurley and Mary Mead
Coventry, +1794
Captain O'Brien 1804
Widow O'Brien New Haven, 1794
Captain Haley ‹‹
1804
Brian Dougherty West Hartford, 1794
John Quinn
6 1804
John O'Brien. .New London, 1795
John Burke.
7 1804
Nancy O'Brien ¥ 1795
John Owen.
8 1804
1 In the list of expenses paid by Connecticut for the capture of Ticonderoga and adjacent posts occurs the name of an Irishman, and, no doubt, a Catholic : "To Patrick Thomas, for boarding prisoners, {1. 5s." " Rev. War." III., p. 663.
On July 2, 1788, Captain Chapman, with nine emigrants from Ireland, were drowned a short distance from the shore of Fisher's Island. He had just arrived with about twenty emigrants, some of whom were ill. In attempting to land them at a spot where they were to be placed in quarantine, they all perished.
The Schooner " St. Joseph," Captain Thomas Guion of Hartford, left Cape Francois, 1790. This captain was undoubtedly a Catholic.
Arrived Mrs. Hall and Mr. Keating in Brig "Patty " from Dublin, August, 1790, at New London. The Brig "Patty " was advertised as sailing from New Haven bound for " Dear Ireland."
Died at Cork in Ireland, on the 5th of March, 1791, Captain Forbes, in the 58th year of his age. He was a native of Hartford, but had resided in Ireland for many years previous to his death.
Major John Byrne, Norwich, 1790-was a printer. About this time he went to Windham, where he began the publication of the Phoenix, or Windham Herald. In 1795 he was the postmaster of Woodstock, and in 1807 a member of the Aqueduct Company of Windliam.
2 Was from St. Domingo, and was buried from North Church, Hartford.
$ An Italian miniature painter.
4 Married March 6tlı, in "First Church," Coventry.
5 From the Connecticut-Gazette .- Mr. Terrance O'Brien, a native of Ireland, but who had been a resident of New Haven for several years past, was set upon in New London harbor by a Lewis Willcox and severely " maimed and bruised." Willcox was imprisoned at Simsbury, for six years, in October, 1804.
6 The Gazette of Nov. 28, 1804, lias this advertisement: "John Quinn, a tailor, offers to make a coat for 2 dollars, a great coat for 1 dollar and 50 cents, pantaloons for I dollar, a vest for 75 cents. He will cut a coat for 42 cents, a pantaloons for 17 cents and a vest for 17 cents."
7 Married at Hebron, October 17, 1804, to Sally Turrell .- Gazette.
8 " Oct. 24, 1804. Married at Port Principe, Cuba, Mr. Jolin Owen, of New London, to Dona Maria del Rosario de Quesuada."-Ibid.
Daniel Vibert. East Hartford, 1791
Hugh McFadden New London, 1801
Terrance O'Brien New London, 5 1804
48
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN NEW ENGLAND.
Don Joseph Wiseman ... New London, 1 1804 John Mynean (Moynihan)
William Kelly 805
New London, 1805
William Burke.
1805
Benjamin Sullivan. 1805
Joseph Healy. 66
1805
From lists of advertised letters published in the Connecticut Gazette between 1793 and 1797, I have copied some names that indicate the residence of a number of Catholics in New London in those years. The names following with those given elsewhere show that a respectable congregation of Catholics could have been assembled in that town during the closing years of the eighteenth century :
October 7, 1793 :- Charles Bassentene, M. Chevalier, M. Contage, Mons. Dechans, M. Dupor, MM. Delpull and Lilet, Louis Mamene, M. Ressaud, M. Raydessile, Peter Doyle, Richard Kerney.
April 24, 1794 :- Le Comte de Bannay, M. Pierre, M. Saudrey. M. Peterin, M. Icara, July 14th.
January 21, 1796 :- M. Dutue, Madam de Leger, M. E. le Vergeul, John Maloney. January 16, 1797 :-- M. Godefroy, M. Bennoi Lecroix.
July Ist :- M. Mauconduit, M. Dupony, Richard Brennan, Pardon Ryon (Ryan).
The following names taken from tombstone inscriptions indicate probable Catholic descent:
From New Haven :-
Peter Perit, died April 8, 1791, Aged 84. Thaddeus Perit, died August 3, 1806. Aged 51. Anthony Perit, died July 15, 1816. Aged 72.
From Guilford :- Mrs. Dorothy Breed, died Sept. 3, 1777. Aged 48. Daughter of Patrick McLaren, of Middletown. She was born Sept. 25, 1728: died at Branford.
If names be any criterion upon which to base a judgment, the above list may be summoned as evidence that Catholics were a numerous, though a scattered body, in Connecticut upwards of two hundred and fifty years ago. With some exceptions, these names are redolent of the Green Isle and deeply suggestive of the faith preached by Ireland's glorious apos- tle. Like thousands of their fellow-countrymen since, they may have voluntarily fled from the despots that were spreading desolation broadcast over their beloved native land; or, what is more probable, they, or some of them, may have been among the hapless exiles whom the cruelty of Croni- well, and Ireton, and Ludlow, deported to the shores of the New World. Their names exhale a Catholic fragrance. They have nought in common with Covenanter or Puritan. Strangers in a strange land, but with faith deeply implanted in hearts loyal to holy church, recognizing the existence of
1 This note appears in the Gazette of June 24, 1804:
Don Joseph Wiseman, “ Vice Consule de L. M C. para los estados de Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire et Vermont, "communicates certain inform- ation to the public from Newport." It is not improbable that this Spanish official was a relative of Cardinal Wiseman, who was born at Seville of an Irish family who settled in Spain.
49
DIOCESE OF HARTFORD.
a life beyond the grave and fully conscious of the responsibilities of the pre- sent life, we may fondly cherish the belief that in the midst of trials and sorrows they held fast to the faith of their fathers, though deprived of the salutary ministrations of its anointed teachers. If they were disciples of the ancient faith, and I believe they were, they lived, moved and had their spiritual being without the consoling presence of their spiritual guides and deprived of all the consolations of religion, save those that come from faith- ful adherence to the teachings of childhood. And what a trial this must have been to the devoted, loyal Catholic heart! But, all circumstances con- sidered, we may, and not without reason, fear that some of them parted com- pany with their spiritual mother, the church, and formed other affiliations. Deprived of the joy, and strength, and encouragement which the presence of a priest ever inspires in the faithful Catholic, living in the midst of a people deeply hostile to the old faith, environed by influences that tended to chill, if not to utterly destroy, Catholic fervor, it would not be surprising, humanly speaking, if some unfortunates wandered from the fold into strange pastures.
But I am not of the number who believe that the early Irish Catholic immigrants went over in large numbers to Protestantism or lapsed into in- fidelity. Notwithstanding the influences by which they were surrounded, I am convinced that the vast majority of our immigrant ancestors sturdily maintained intact the priceless gift of faith. They had suffered too severely on account of their religion to surrender it easily. The Puritans of New England, whose antipathy to Catholics and the Catholic church was deeply rooted and inexplicable, were not more successful in their assaults upon the strongholds of faith erected in their hearts than were Cromwell and his suc- cessors. " The immigrants themselves never lost the faith. Although living for years without any exterior help, without receiving a word of in- struction or advice, without the celebration of any religious rite whatever, or the reception of any sacrament, yet faith was too deeply rooted in their ininds and hearts to be ever eradicated, or shaken even.
" But though they themselves clung fast to their faith in the midst of so inany adverse circumstances, what of their children ?
"There is no doubt that many of them did, individually, everything possible to transmit that faith to their children; but all they could do was to speak privately, to warn them against dangers, and set up before them the example of a blameless life. Not only was there no priest to initiate them into the mysteries granted by Christ to the redeemed soul; there was not even a Catholic schoolmaster to instruct them. Even the 'Hedge School' could not be set on foot. Books were unknown; Catholic literature, in the modern sense, had not yet been born; there was no vestige of such a thing beyond, perhaps, an occasional old, worn, and torn, yet deeply prized and carefully concealed prayer-book, dating from the happy days of the Con- federation of Kilkenny." '
These pathetic words find corroboration in the Birth and Marriage Records
1 'T'hebaud's " Irish Race."
II-4
50
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN NEW ENGLAND.
of the Colonies. They bear witness to the not unfrequent union of Catholic and Puritan names; and these unions were contracted not in the presence and with the blessing of the priest, but in accordance with the formulas of the religion by law established. The children of these marriages were re- generated, if at all, by waters poured by other than anointed hands. No bishop was here to sign their foreheads with the chrismn of salvation, nor was there for them the gladsome day of first communion. They saw no sacred enclosure in which the prodigal mnight with sorrow kneel and humbly peti- tion for the blessing and mercy of his heavenly Father. The sick went out from life unshriven and unanointed, and the dead were consigned to the grave with no solemn, chant or liturgy, with no lights, or incense, or holy water, and with no lips-save in secret-to breathe forth a prayer for the eternal repose of their souls. "There is no reason, then, for surprise in the fact that, although the families of these first Irish settlers were numerous and scattered over all the district which afterward became the Middle and Southern States, only a faint tradition remained among many of them that they really belonged to the old church and 'ought to be Catholics.' "
The religious atmosphere that permeated the New England Colonies was deleterious, not merely to the growth, but even to the preservation of the Catholic spirit ; and if defections are to be recorded, they are attributable not to any desire to surrender the ancient faith and yield assent to strange doc- trines, but solely to the absence of all those spiritual influences so dearly cherished by their ancestors.
CHAPTER X. EVIDENCES OF EARLY CATHOLICS.
1 N the following pages we shall submit detailed evidence that Catholics were both transient and permanent residents in Connecticut in very early times. The public records furnish abundant testimony that the Irish, French, Spanish and Portuguese not only were frequent visitors to our harbors as traders with the colonists, but that many of them found here permanent homes. We shall witness a large number coming within our borders under compulsion and residing in homes that were not their own. Brought hither by the cruel fortunes of war, they were compelled to employ their God-given faculties of mind and body to increase the worldly possessions of men who had no claim whatever upon their services; and the sole com- pensation for their toil were the crumbs that fell from their masters' tables. The unchristian manner in which they were disposed of is a melancholy com- inentary on the animus then prevalent against Catholics and throws a flood of light on the anti-Catholic legislation of that period of our history.
Though the facts which we shall now present to the reader have no con- nection with one another, they are set down as events worthy of preservation.
In 1662 a French family, Modlin by name, appears in the town records of Stratford. They were in straitened circumstances, but the means em- ployed to mitigate their sad condition were not in accordance with the
51
DIOCESE OF HARTFORD.
methods that now prevail in similar circumstances. The following entry, extracted from the Stratford Town Records, tells a plaintive story :
" This indenture made the 24th of June, 1662, witnesseth that we the townsmen of Stratford upon good and serious considerations moving us thereunto, doe bind out one Modlin, a little girl about six years of age, that formerly did belong to a Frenchman that was in necessity upon the town of Stratford ; we say, to John Minor of Stratford, to him, his heirs and assigns, till the aforesaid girl shall attayne the age of twenty-one years ; we say we bind her with her father's consent ; also a lawful apprentice to the aforesaid John Minor till the aforesaid term of tyme shall be fully and completely ended.
"The aforesaid John Minor engages to provide her with apparel and diet and bed- ding as may be suitable for such an apprentice.
"That this is our act and deed, and witnessed by subscribing the day and date above written.
"RICHARD BOOTH, JOHN BRINSMADE,
" WILLIAM CURTIS, CALEB NICHOLAS, Townsmen."
"JEREMIAH JUDSON.
In the same records we find evidence of the presence in Stratford in 1679 of an Irishman bearing the familiar name of Daniel Collins. In the local legislation, of which he was the object, he was the victim, probably, of a law then in vogue, forbidding unmarried young men to keep house by themselves, and prohibiting masters of families giving them entertainment :1
" Memoranda, that upon the 29th day of September, 1679, Sergt. Jeremialı Judson, constable, by order of the Selectmen was sent and forewarned Phillip Denman and his mate Collins out of the town or from settling or abiding in any part of our bounds.
"And upon the 12th of November, 1679, Phillip Denman and Daniel Collins by the townsmen, were warned as above."
In 1679 the English Committee for Trade and Foreign Plantations wrote to Governor Leete of the Colony of Connecticut, requesting him "to trans- init a clear and full account of the present state of said Colony." Among the queries propounded was this: "What number of Privateers or Pyratts do frequent your coast?" Governor Leete replied: "It is rare that ever comes any liere on these dangerous coasts, only about two years agoe there came a French Captain called Lamoine2 with 3 ships, one of which wintered at New London, and in ye Spring went off to sea; (and one of them he carryed to Yorke; the other was sunk at Yorke."') 3
The ship that "wintered at New London " was in command of Captain Lamoine, and was a inan-of-war. As it was customary for ships of war of France and other Catholic countries to carry chaplains, we may infer that the captain and his crew during their winter's sojourn at New London experienced the consolations of assisting at the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass and of receiving tlie precious graces of tlie sacraments.
1 See p. 35.
2 " About fifteen years ago," wrote Edw. Randolph to the Lords of Committee in May, 1689, " Captain l'Moin, a Frenchman, brought in two or three very rich Dutch prizes worth above one hundred thousand pounds." " Documents rel. to Hist. of N. Y.," III., 582.
3 "Colonial Records of Conn.," 1678-1689, p. 296.
52
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN NEW ENGLAND.
The most prominent Catholic layman to visit Connecticut in the seven- teenth century was Colonel Thomas Dongan, Governor of the colony of New York. He came to Milford in 1685 to confer with Governor Treat concern- ing the eastern boundary line between the two colonies. Commissioners had been appointed by New York and Connecticut to adjust the boundaries, and their report had been submitted. On February 23d their agreement received the signatures of the two governors in ratification. During his brief stay in Milford Governor Dongan, whom Governor Treat called "a noble gentleman," was the recipient of honors befitting his high station, as appears from a curious item in the Public Records of Connecticut, May, 1685 :
"This Court grants Sam" Adkins five pounds, as their charity towards the damage he received in shooting of a great gun when Gov. Dongan was last at Milford."
In 1700 a party of Frenchinen traveled through the State from Milford to Albany. This was probably the Canadian embassy which arrived at the Onon- daga Castle July 24, 1700. Its object was to adjust some differences that had arisen between the whites and the Indians. The embassy comprised Mons. de Maricourt, Rev. Father Brouyas, a Jesuit, and eight others, some of whom were officers. Maricourt was one of the principal men of Canada. He and Father Brouyas were familiar with the Indian languages.1 While in Con- necticut the embassy were the guests of the colony, as we learn from the fol- lowing enactment of May, 1700:
" Ordered by this Assembly, etc., That the charges expended about the French-mens entertainmt that travailed from Milford towards Albanie shall be paid out of the treasury of the Colonie, so farre as the bills signd correspond with the law."
On August 3, 1704, New London was thrown into a state of fear by the appearance of a great ship and two sloops, said to be seen at Block Island, and supposed to be French.2 If these vessels were French inen- of-war, they were officered and manned by Catholics and Catholic devotions were practiced.
At a meeting of the Governor and Council at New London, November II, 1710, it was ordered that the Commissary, Richard Christophers, pay to John Lane, of Middletown, a soldier in the expedition against Port Royal, for his extraordinary care and service in tending several sick soldiers, the sum of twenty shillings.
At a meeting of the same Council on November 18th the Commissary was ordered to pay to Simon Murfe twelve shillings as part of his wages as a sailor on board the "Mary Gally," one of the colony's transports in the same expedition. 3
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