USA > Washington DC > The Biographical cyclopedia of representative men of Maryland and District of Columbia Pt. 1 > Part 43
USA > Maryland > The Biographical cyclopedia of representative men of Maryland and District of Columbia Pt. 1 > Part 43
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Calo. . Inb. Co. Philuna.
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war broke out, in 1861, his own and his wife's ample in- come, derived mostly from the South, was suddenly cut off by the interruption of communication, his practice seriously curtailed, and during its long continuance his property and that of his wife entirely swept away. In this emergency, nothing daunted, with renewed energies, he ere long at- tained to a large and lucrative practice. In 1865 he sus- tained another reverse in the impairment of his health from over mental taxation in his profession and the excitement incident to the war. This interruption in his practice was severely felt by him, taken in connection with former troubles, and although he secured the assistance of Dr. Thomas Shearer, a graduate of a homoeopathic college in Philadelphia, his patients became somewhat scattered, seeking other physicians. At the end of a year, however, his health was partially restored, and resuming practice by himself, he soon regained what he had lost, and has added largely to it ever since. Doctor Martin has performed many astonishing cures in cases abandoned as utterly hope- less by other physicians of high standing, and has always occupied an elevated position among his fellow-citizens, and a justly enviable one in point of medical skill and abil- ity, standing at the head of his profession. Towards his professional brethren he has always been cordial and gen- crous, giving them at all times in consultations the benefit of his long experience and sound judgment most cheer- fully, and to all he is the urbane and dignified gentleman. lle has had several positions of honor and distinction in his profession proffered to him, but has declined them, preferring to confine his energies to private practice. Ile is in fellowship with the American Institute of lomax- opathy, the first and oldest association of homoeopathic physicians, and fellow of several other societies. He is a Master Mason of the order of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. His mind is of the inventive order, and giving scope to it in moments seized from daily practice, he has made several valuable scientific inventions, for which he obtained letters-patent, the last of which was for organized oxygen gas and its compounds, for inhalation in the treat- ment of disease as a hygienic agent, and compressing the same in water for internal or medicinal use, he being the first who has ever opened so widely the field of usefulness of these gases in medicine. As a physician, while he adnuts of no truer law in medicine than the homeopathic, he claims the privilege of the exercise of judgment in the adaptation of means to the treatment of the sick, believing that every truly honest physician should direct his efforts to the prompt relief of human suffering and the saving of life, irrespective, if needs be, of medical creeds or dogmas. Ile is bold and fearless, yet discreet in practice, remarka- ble as a diagnostician, with perceptions of diseases and their treatment amounting almost to intuition. His pro- fessional career in Baltimore has been one of brilliant suc- cess as a physician, and as a citizen he has enjoyed the con- fidence and respect of the community in which he lives.
STOCKBRIDGE, HONORABLE HENRY, Lawyer, and one of the most prominent Union men of the State during the civil war, was born in Hadley, Hamp- shire County, Massachusetts, Angust 31, 1822. The family is of old Puritan stock, and he is the lineal descendant of Dr. Stockbridge, of Plymouth County, Massachusetts, who came from England in 1628. Ilis grandfather, David Stockbridge, was in active service in the war of the Revolution. He died in 1833, at the age of eighty-three. His father, Jason Stockbridge, born in 1780, was a farmer possessed of considerable wealth, and a man of decided ability and influence. He was a Whig in politics, and served many terms in the State Legislature. lle died in 1860, at the advanced age of eighty years. 1lis first wife was a sister of Silas Wright, the father of the distinguished statesman, Silas Wright, Jr., who was Gov- ernor of New York, United States Senator, etc. His sec- ond wife, the mother of Hon. Henry Stockbridge, was before marriage, Miss Abigail Montague, a descendant of a celebrated Puritan family of that name, who came from England early in the history of Massachusetts. Another
of his sons is Ilon. Levi Stockbridge, of the Massachu- setts Agricultural College. He has a national reputation as lecturer on agriculture and cognate subjects, and has been several terms in both branches of the Legislature of his State, a Presidential elector, etc. Like so many New England boys, Mr. Stockbridge grew up alternating farm life with study, his mental force and acquirements receiv- ing tenfold vigor from his physical training. He graduated as Bachelor of Arts from Amherst College in 1845, and came to Baltimore the same year. lle then pursued his legal studies with Coleman Yellott, and was admitted to the bar, May 1, 1848. After practicing law alone for a short time, he formed a partnership with Mr. S. M. Coch- ran, which continued until the latter became a Judge of the Court of Appeals in 1861. Since that time he has had no partner. He has had an extensive and lucrative practice and has been for many years one of the leading lawyers of the State. On the questions which divided the country, and brought on the deadly struggle of 1861, he took positive ground for the Union, and for the abolition of slavery, as the only possible conditions of peace and permanent harmony between the States, laboring incessantly during all the years of war for the salvation of the coun- try. He was the intimate friend and coadjutor of Hon. Henry Winter Davis, and with that illustrious statesman and patriot, was one of the leaders of the Union party during the perilous period of the war. He was frequently associated with Mr. Davis in important cases tried before the Court of Appeals, and on the death of the latter, in 1865, he was chosen to deliver a eulogy on his life and character before the Maryland Historical Society. In 1862 he was appointed by Governor Bradford one of the Com- missioners of the enrolment of the draft of that year. In 1864 he was elected to the Legislature, taking a leading
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part in the deliberations of that body. Ile framed and secured the passage of the law calling the Convention of that year to frame a new Constitution for the State. Ile was elected to a seat in the Convention, and was made tem porary chairman, also Chairman of the Judiciary Commit- tec. One of the leading objects of the Convention was to abolish slavery and remove the oppressive discriminations which had previously existed in the laws of the State against the colored race, as well as to secure measures for the education and elevation of the whole body of the com- mon people. Many of the provisions of that Constitution were prepared and introduced by Mr. Stockbridge. Among them a provision requiring the General Assembly to estab- lish a township system, a measure regarded as of great im- portance by a majority of that body. Ile took an active part in the canvass for the adoption of the Constitution that had been framed, and after the vote had been taken was the counsel employed by its friends before the Gover- nor, and in the Court of Appeals, to secure the procla- mation of its adoption. With Honorable Henry Winter Davis he argued the case of Miles v. Bradford, Governor, 22 Maryland Rep., 170, the decision of which in accord- ance with the positions taken by him and Mr. Davis established the new order of things. During the existence of the Freedmen's Bureau, he acted as counsel for that department of the government in this State. In the line of his duties he procured the issuing of writs of habeas corpus against certain parties holding minors of the African race in practical slavery under the apprenticeship system which prevailed in Maryland after the Emancipation. The suits were brought in the United States Court, and tried in one instance before Chief Justice Chase, and in another before Judge Giles, both jurists deciding against the legal- ity of the system. As a result of these decisions over ten thousand apprenticed minors were released. In 1866 Governor Swann, who had been elected as a Republican, attempted to give the control of the State into the hands of the Democratic party, and as a part of that political programme, sought to depose the Police Commissioners of Baltimore city, by appointing a Democratic board. This revolutionary proceeding was strenuously resisted by the existing board, and the greatest excitement and tumult was the natural result. Mr. Stockbridge was one of the counsel for the Republican board, and by his energy and prudence contributed to a peaceful solution of the scenes of excitement which for several days threatened to termi- nate in riot and bloodshed. As a rule, he has avoided criminal practice, and has devoted his talents to prominent civil suits before the higher tribunals of the States. Hle has always been active in fostering the educational interests of the State, and has been a frequent and valuable con- tributor to the press. He is President of the Mercantile Library, and Vice President of the Maryland Historical So- ciety. He was married in 1852, to Miss Fanny Montague, of Massachusetts. They haye but one child, a son, Henry,
who graduated Bachelor of Arts at Amherst College in 1877, and in law at the University of Maryland in 1878.
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MANRAY, REV. WILLARD GIBSON, Pastor of the Calvert Street New Jerusalem Church, Baltimore, Mary- land, was born at Circleville, Ohio, January 25, 1834. His father, Demoval Talbot Day, was brought up as a farmer, and became a contractor in construc- tion of public works. He was the son of Samuel Day, who, with his father, Leonard Day, served in the Revolu- tionary war as soldiers in the Virginia militia. Samuel having enlisted at sixteen years of age, served three years and re-enlisted, and with his father witnessed the sur- render of Cornwallis at Yorktown. In 1805 Samuel Day and family removed from Pendleton County, Virginia, to the reservation for Virginia Revolutionary soldiers in Southern Ohio, known as the " Virginia Military District." The family settled on lands in Ross County, not far from Chillicothe, an old Indian town, then the capital of Ohio. On the breaking out of the war of 1812 three of Samuel Day's sons joined the army, but Demoval, then but four- teen years of age, reluctantly remained at home. In 1831 Demoval was married to Ruth Merriam, of East Poultney, Vermont, whose family had removed to Ohio, and were among the early settlers of Marietta. They had five sons, of whom the eldest, Deining, a lawyer, joined the Union army, in 1861, as captain, and rose to the rank of General ; the third, Samuel, served as lieutenant in the First Ohio Artillery; and the fourth, Selden Allen, enlisted on the day Fort Sumter was fired upon, was promoted for bravery on the field, and is now (1878) captain in the Fifth United States Artillery. The fifth son died young, and the only daughter, Mary, married Charles II. Burchenal, a lawyer of Richmond, Indiana. Willard Gibson Day, the subject of this sketch, was early sent to school, and at seven years of age became a pupil in the Chillicothe Academy, an in- stitution for the education of older boys and young men. When Willard was but nine years of age his father died, and it became necessary for older brothers to provide for themselves. Willard went into a variety store-a kind of curiosity shop-kept by a Mr. Norton, in Chillicothe, where he remained three years, when he determined to learn the printing business. He apprenticed himself for five years to Mr. George Armstrong, editor and publisher of the . Imaient Metropolis, and applied himself diligently. He became familiar with all branches of the business, and held the position of foreman throughout the litter half of his apprenticeship. In his sixteenth year, in the absence of the proprietor, he took charge of the entire office, then issuing a daily, weekly and tri weekly newspaper. In September, 1852, he completed his apprenticeship, received a graduating certificate, and having served as journey- 1
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man for one day, he set out for Urbanna, Ohio, to complete his preparation for entering college, for which he had been studying during such leisure moments as he coukl find between the working hours, after nine at night and before six in the morning. He entered the Urbanna Semi. mary, and completed its course in one year, when he entered the newly-established Urbanna University. IIe ran rapidly through its course, supporting himself meanwhile by work in printing offices at Cincinnati. In 1855 he be- came the first " Senior Class" in the university. On the 26th of May of the same year he was married to Miss Caroline Cathcart, daughter of David Cathcart, Esq., of Dayton, one of the pioneer educators in Southern Ohio. The following year Mr. Day received license to preach, and, in 1857, was ordained to the ministry of the New Jerusalem Church, by the Rev. James Park Stewart, Presi- dent of the Ohio Association. Ile was soon afterward called to minister in Northern Ohio, and resided for ten years at East Rockport, but preaching in various parts of the State. In 1867 he received a call to Detroit, Michi- gan, where he remained but a few weeks, when he accepted a call to the Third New Jerusalem Church in Baltimore. In this charge he remained for seven years, when the First and Third New Jerusalem churches in Baltimore joined in one, and he was elected minister of the united societies, which position he now holds. The new society soon after crected its present house of worship on Calvert Street, which is the fifth house of worship built by this denomination in Baltimore, in which city the first New Jerusalem church in America was established. During his service in Ohio, Mr. Day was three times elected Presi- dent of the Ohio Association, and has also served several terms as Presiding Minister of the Maryland Association. Hle has a high reputation as a writer, preacher, and lec- turer, and is at present a member of the Board of Examiners of Theology in Urbanna University. Mr. Day is a devoted student of language and literature, and especially fond of Shakspeare, on whose life and works he has frequently lectured. Ile has three sons, of whom the eldest, Ilermon Willard, is in business; the second, William Cathcart, and the third, David Talbot, are students in the John> Ilop- kins University, Baltimore.
USSEL, ALEXANDER H., Manufacturer, was born January 16, 1840, in Baltimore, Maryland. Ilis father, Alexander Russel, was also a native of Baltimore. lle was engaged in the manufacture of brick for about forty years. The firm of which he was a member sent to New York the first pressed brick ever used in that city. Ile died in 1865, one of Balti- more's highly respected citizens. Alexander II. Russel received his education in Baltimore. In 1875, on the
death of his father, he took his place and became a mem- ber of the firm of Burns, Russel & Co., the largest brick manufacturing firm in Baltimore. The brick mannfac- tured by them have for forty years had the highest repu- tation, and, in 1876, received the first prize at the Centen- nial Exhibition in Philadelphia. They also took the premium a number of years ago at the Paris Exposition. They are now shipped to nearly all the principal cities of the United States. Of them, the Tribune Buikdling, the Western Union, the Buckingham Hotel, and many other of the principal buildings of New York city, are built. They excel in uniformity of shape, color, and durability. In 1877 the value of the brick manufactured and sold by this firm amounted to about one hundred thousand dollars. This year (1878) the amount will be still larger. The business is now carried on by Mr. Russel alone, but still under the firm name. Mr. Russel is a member of the Mount Vernon Methodist Church. In 1869 he married Sarah Amelia, daughter of Cyril Reach, of Baltimore. Ile has two children, Alexander and Mary, living.
POWER, WILLIAM HENRY, Clerk of the Circuit Court of Garrett County, Maryland, was born July 20, 1832, in the lower part of Alleghany County, in the same State, on the line of the old Baltimore pike. Ilis parents were George Henry Tower, a native of Massachusetts, and Parthenia Ann Cartmell, of Winchester, Virginia. Ilis father was endowed with fine natural abilities, and was a good English and classical scholar. In the Educational Ilistory of Bradford County, Pennsylvania, this gentleman has the honor of introducing into the schools of that county an improved system of in- struction, far in advance of his contemporaries, and which has since become general. William Henry Tower, the subject of this sketch, had the advantage of a liberal academic education, and received his tuition at the Mily- rood Academy, Shade Gap, Huntingdon County, Pennsyl- vania. Itis preference tended toward mathematics, in the study of which he attained creditable proficiency, and also thoroughly mastered all the English branches. Though more than ordinarily subjected to the snares and tempta- tions surrounding young men, he faithfully adhered to his early moral training, and maintained an exemplary and temperate course in starting out in life. His first experi- ence in active business was that of clerk in a store, which he entered at the age of seventeen years. fle held that position for about one year, and after that tried various other employments, such as clerking, serving as a mail agent, and as a member of an engineer corps, until attain- ing the age of twenty-four years, when school teaching suggested itself to his mind, and he followed that unre- mittingly for something over six years, during which time
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he filled some important positions. His last term he served as Principal of the public school at Oakland, Maryland, in the year 1872. Prior to this, in 1861, he was tendered, and accepted, the charge of the lumber department of the busi ness of II. G. Davis & Company, at Deer Park, which place he held for three years. In 1866 he was elected one of the Board of County School Commissioners of Alleghany County, and was chosen clerk of the County Commissioners of that county, filling these positions for two years. On the division of Alleghany County and the formation of Garrett County, he was elected, in 1872, Clerk of the Circuit Court of Garrett, and re-elected, in 1873, to fill the office for the term of six years, which he now holds (1878). Mr. Tower was chosen Corresponding Secretary of the Garrett County Bible Society in 1870. In 1858 he became a member of the Order of Sons and Daughters of America; in 1872, of the Order of Good Templars; in 1873, of the Knights of Pythias; in 1874, of the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows ; and in 1877, he joined the Order of Knights of Ilonor; of each and all of which he is still a member, and has filled with distinction the highest position in cach. IIe is one of the ruling elders of the Presbyterian church at Oakland, and superintendent of its Sunday-school. Politi- cally he is an advocate of the old-line Whig party, and an earnest defender of the principles on which it was formed. Mr. Tower was married, July 3, 1856, to Miss Rebecca Peterson Totten, daughter of Ezekiel Totten, Esq., of Oakland, Maryland. Physically, Mr. Tower is a little above the medium height and strongly built, fair complex- ion, and dark hair and eyes. lle walks with a quick, elastic movement and gentlemanly bearing. Ile is affable and pleasing in manner, and of a warm, generous and self- sacrificing nature, ever prompt to respond to the appeal of charity, even at personal inconvenience. In his business relations he is always just and accommodating, discharg- ing cheerfully and faithfully all duties imposed on him or solicited by others. He is a man eminently qualified to fill any position, public or private, bestowed upon him.
INTERNITZ, CHARLES, was born, March 2, 1815, at Deschnu, Bohemia. His great-grand- father was Chief Rabbi at Prague. Ilis grand- father, Samuel Winternite, was Chief Rabbi at Tar- bor, Bohemia. Ilis father, William Winternitz, was Rabbi at Patzau, Bohemia, and afterward at Deschnu. Charles Winternitz pursued collegiate studies at Tarbor for four years, and at Prague for three years. His father wished him to become a rabbi, but he preferred to pursue a business life. Bringing to commercial pursuits a mind thus well trained, his business career proved one of marked success. From his sixteenth until his twenty-first year, he carried on the drygoods business in his native place. Ile
then married Wilhelmina, daughter of Hiram Block, of Dob, Bohemia. Very soon after his marriage he removed to Vienna, and there also carried on the daygoods busi ness. There he continued for seven years to do a prosper- ous business. He then returned to his native place, and. there entered into the wholesale drygoods trade, which he continued for four years, until the great fire of 1844, which destroyed the whole city. In this fire Mr. Winter- nitz lost almost everything he had. After this severe loss he determined to come to America. On the eve of his going, his friends rallied around him and tried to induce him to remain in Bohemia. They offered him the use of money, and held out other inducements. But Mr. Win- ternitz having made up his mind to emigrate, sailed for Baltimore, with his wife and five children, which city he reached October 20, 1845. On his arrival at Baltimore he had but one five-franc piece in his pocket. Being de- termined to do anything by which he could make an honest living, he in a few days got work at scouring clothes. Though unaccustomed to the business, he made enough by it to support his family. Ile was thus employed for about six months, when he began the iron business. In about two years from that time he had two stores in the city, and was very successful. In this business, except about two years, he has ever since continued, having with- stood all financial shocks, and secured a large competence. One of his houses on Howard Street contains new, heavy hardware; the other three houses on Howard Street em- brace an old iron yard. His house on Pratt Street is a large warehouse, and embraces bar iron, bar steel, all kinds of machinists' and blacksmiths' tools and materials, and coach materials. In the old iron line his firm, Charles Winternitz & Sons, do the heaviest business in the city of Baltimore. Mr. Winternitz is firm in his political views, but not a partisan. He has always declined political office. He has been for five years President of the Har Sine congregation, on Lexington Street, being the oldest Jewish Reformed congregation in the United States. Ile has been a member of the different Jewish benevolent as- sociations since their organization. He has eight children, of whom three, David, Lewis, and Hiram are associated with him in business. Two of them, Samuel G. and Wil- liam, are carrying on individually the same kind of busi- ness in which their father was engaged. Of the three daughters, one is married. He has sixteen grandchiklien. Although engaged in a large business, he devotes much of his time and energies to the well-being of his fellows. Without show, he is the helper of the needy. To do good to the poor and suffering has been one of the chief aims of his life. In the life of Mr. Winternitz is illustrated in a remarkable manner the results of early education and a well-trained mind, concentrated with great energy and singleness of purpose upon the accumulation of money, in order that thereby he could bring comfort and happiness to his family and the community.
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Y.RICHI, AUGUSTUS F., M.D., Professor of Diseases of Women in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, was born at Eisleben, Prussia, May 1, 1837. Ile received his preliminmy education in the schools of that place, and entered the Gymnasium of Eisleben, in 1849, preparatory to a university course. His family emigrating to this country, he accompanied them, and settled in Baltimore, in 1856. Having acquired some knowledge of English before leaving his native country, he entered the office of Dr. John C. S. Monkur, late Pro- fessor of Practice of Medicine in the Washington Univer- sity, June 19, 1856, and remained under his tuition until he graduated with the degree of M. D. from the University of Maryland, March 2, 1861, after attending three courses of lectures in that institution. He settled in Baltimore, in general practice, but turned his attention more particularly to surgery and the diseases of women. November 1, 1862, "he married Annie, eldest daughter of Henry Baetjer, Esq., of Baltimore. Upon the approach of Asiatic cholera, in 1866, realizing the great danger of an extensive epidemic hable to result from a large number of cellars in his neigh- borhood partially filled with stagnant water, he invented an automatic draining apparatus, in which he applied the power of the hydrant water to the expulsion of the water collected in the cellars. He was awarded a patent for it by the United States Patent Office, in 1866, and many wet cellars have since been successfully drained by this con- trivance. Baltimore being after the war overrun by a large number of unprincipled quacks and abortionists, he made a motion at one of the meetings of the Baltimore Medical Association for the appointment of a committee to draw up a law for the suppression of quackery and criminal abortion, and to secure its passage by the Mary- land Legislature. The committee was appointed, with Dr. Erich as chairman, a law drawn up, and finally passed, principally through his indefatigable efforts. Ile was ap- pointed, in 1867, by the Governor of Maryland, a member of the first Board of Medical Examiners created under this law. In 1868 he was elected a member of the East Baltimore Special, Dispensary, and the specialty of the diseases of women assigned to him. As auxiliary to his labors in this branch he has invented a number of instru- ments that bear his name. Among his contributions to scientific literature are the following papers : " New Pes- sary for Procidentia Uteri," Medical and Surgical Repor- ter, May, 1868; " New Uterine Speculum," New York Medical Journal, February, 1869; " Croup," Baltimore Medical Journal and Bulletin, April, 1871. " The Pre- vention of Coal Oil Explosions," Baltimore Physician and Surgeon, January, 1874. " Cholera Infantum," ibid., June, 1876; " Postural Taxis in Strangulated Hernia," ibid., January, 1875; " Displacement of the Uterus," ibid., June, 1875; " Report on Gynacology," Transactions of the Medical Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland, 1876. He organized the Medical and Surgical Society of Baltimore,
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