History of Delaware : 1609-1888, Part 71

Author: Scharf, J. Thomas (John Thomas), 1843-1898. cn
Publication date: 1888
Publisher: Philadelphia : L. J. Richards
Number of Pages: 776


USA > Delaware > History of Delaware : 1609-1888 > Part 71


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1 In the mean time, on February 14, 1$13, the Governor commissioned the following officers : In the Fourth Troop of Cavalry, attached to the First Brigade-Lewis Jameson, captain : Thomas Ford, first lieutenant : Jesse Ditshane, second heutenaut ; and John Ford, cornet. On March 10th he commissioned for the Eighth Company, Fifth Regiment- Thomas Condy, captain ; Richard Cooker, heutenant ; Markhne Clark, Jr., ensten. On April 15, 1813, Charles Brinkley was commissioned ensign in the place of Clark, resigned. On April 7th the Governor com- missioned Casar A Rodney captain of the Second Company of Artillery attached to the First Brigade, with Archibald Hamilton as first lien- tenant and Allen Thompson as second heutenant. On April 9th Hesam Webb was commissioned lieutenant of First Company, Third Regiment, with James Hanson as ension. On April Itth John Killen was com. missioned captain of the Fourth Company, Fifth Regiment, with Peter Meredith as lieutenant and George O'nlbridge as ensign. On April 13th Moses Lipple was commissioned lientenant of the Sixth Company, Fifth Reziment, and Jacob Boon ensign on April Hth Mitchell Derrick-on commisioned tornet of the troop of cavalry commanded by Captain William Shankland and attached to the Third Brigule ; Lake Jeol -. Was comintisiuned lieutenant of the Sixth Company, Tenth Regiment ; Gelley 6. Short, ensign of Eighth Company, Eighth Regiment ; Richard Corbly, captain sixth Company, Third Regiment, and John Everet, ensign of the same company. On April with William Wilson was com- mesindensign of the Jit Company, sixth Regiment, and on April 27th Benjamin Jacks m, bientenant and Peter Vlaams, ensign of the Seventh Company, Fifth Regiment. On Spett 24th Arthur Milly was commissioned best hettenant, Mitchell Derrickson, second lieutenant, and Romamin Button, coquet, of the troop of rivalry attached to the Third Brigade, on the one day Klock Hazzard was commissioned lientenant, and Will um Fitchbelt, ensign of Seventh Company, Bizhth Regiment , James Conwell, Heftenint, and Theno Gi chin, eu- En ut First Company, Nith Regiment. On the 20th Wilham Martin, Jr , was commissioned lientenant and Benjamin Harrington ensign of the Seventh Company, South Regiment. On May al Gressit was com- Invioned captain, John Orr, first lieutenant, atl David Melivaine, second lieutenant of the artillery company attached to the Third Brigade. On May "th William Hanniton was comunssioued hentenaut and James


19


290


HISTORY OF DELAWARE.


On April 12th, Governor Haslet, in consequence of The officers of the Tenth Regiment were Benjamin the danger then threatening, organized the militia of the State, pursuant to the requisition of the President of the United States, into the following companies : Amwell Long, Tenth Regiment. colonel; John Moody, Third Regiment, and Cornelius P. Comegys, Fifth Regiment, majors. The officers of the First Com- pany, First Regiment, were William Moore, captain ; John Whiteman, lieutenant; and John Morgan, ex- sign, with thirty-six non-commissioned officers and privates. The Second Company, First Regiment, consisted of Jacob Sharply, captain ; Amor falley. lieutenant; and Davis C. Wilson, ensign, with sixty- one non-commissioned officers and privates. The Third Company, First Regiment, was officered by Joshua Holmes, captain ; James Jordan, licatenant ; and James Armor, ensign, with sixty-four non-com- missioned officers and privates. The Second Regi- ment consisted of George R. Massey, captain ; John Graves, lieutenant; Sam'l Fergusson, ensigo, and sixty-one non-commissioned officers and privates. The Third Regiment consisted of Isaac Gibbs, captain ; William Bowman, lieutenant; John Taylor, ensign, and seventy-seven non-commissioned officers and privates. The Fourth Regiment was officered by James Chippen, captain ; Joseph Parsons, lieutenant ; James Hart, ensign, with eighty-one non-commis- sioned officers and privates. The officers of the First Company, Fifth Regiment, were Benjamin Wallace, captain ; William Seney, lieutenant ; Peter Meredith, ensign, with forty-eight non-commis-ioned officers and privates. The Second Company, Fifth Regimert, consisted of Philemon Green, captain; Thomas Candy, lieutenant ; Draper Voshell, ensign, with forty-nine non-commissioned officers and privates. The Sixth Regiment was composed of John Booth, captain; Reuben Anderson, lieutenant ; Archibald Cahall, en- sign, and eighty non-commissioned officers and pri- vates. The Seventh Regiment was officered by Stephen Redden, captain ; James Deputy, lieutenant ; John Hayes, ensign, and sixty-five non-commissioned officers and privates. The First Company, Eighth Regiment, consisted of l'eter F. Wright, captain ; John Swain, lieutenant ; Cornelius Coulter, ensign, and sixty-seven non-commissioned officers and pri- vates. The Second Company, Eighth Regiment, was composed of John Kolloch, captain ; Jehu Hill, lieu- tenant; Nottingham Wine, ensign, and sixty-five non-commissioned offeers and privates. In the Ninth Regiment, Josiah Polk was captain; Henry Wallace, lieutenant ; and James Conwell, ensign, with sixty-four non-commissioned officers and privates.


Burton, captain ; Isaac Cannon, lieutenant ; Joseph V. Crockett, ensign, and sixty-six non-commissioned officers and privarea. Of the two companies of artill- ery, the First Company consisted of Caleb P. Ben- net, captain ; JJones R. Black, lieutenant, and twenty- eight non-commissioned officers and privates ; and the Second Company, of James Stuart, captain; John Many, first lieutenant . Waitman Lipple, second lieutenant, and thirteen non-commissioned officers and privates. A company of cavalry was also organ- ized under James Miles, captain ; Henry Whitely. first lieutenant ; John Her.huan, second lieutenant, and twenty-turee non-commissioned officers and private .. On April 28th, the Secretary of War having made the following requisition on the detached militia of the State, the Governor gave the necessary orders : Infantry, one lieutenant-colonel, one major, three captains, three first lieutenants, three second lienten- ants, three third lieutenants, three ensigns, three hundred rank and file, one surgeon's mate; artillery, two captains, two first lientenants, two second lieu- tenants, two third lieutenants, two ensigns, two hun- dred cank and file and one surgeon's mate, all to rendezvous at New Castle as quickly as possible, and to report to General Bloomfield, commander of the district. Lieutenant-Colonel Armwell Long was placed in command of the detachment ordered out, and with him were >ent Major John Moody, Captain Isaac Gibbs, Lieutenants James Jordan, William Bowman and John Grove, Ensign James Armor, and all the non-commissioned officers and privates de- tached from the Third Regiment and from the re- spective companies of Captains Beeson and Crips in the First Regiment; also Captain John Booth, Lieu- tenants Joseph Parsons, Reuben Anderson and Wil- liam Seney, and Ensign Draper Voshell, and all the non-commissioned officers and privates detached from the Sixth Regiment and from the Second and Fourth Companies of the Fourth Regiment; Captain Josiah Polk, Lientenants James Duputy, Isaac Can- non and Jehu Hill, and Ensign Joseph V. Crockett, and all the non-commissioned officers and privates detached from the Ninth Regiment; Captain Caleb P. Bennet, First Lieutenants James R. Black and John Many, Second Lieutenant Waitman Lipple, and all the non-commissioned officers and privates detached from the respective companies of artillery attached to the First and Second Brigades. The number of artillery, however, fell short of that re- quired by the requisition, and on May 13th the Sec- retary of War ordered the Governor to make up the deficiency in infantry, and, in case of emergency, call forth another battalion of drafted militia com- posed of the same number of officers and privates as was demanded in the former requisition. Governor Ilaslet considering that such an emergency then ex- isted, at onee issued general orders ordering Captains Joshına Holmes and William Moore, Lieutenants Ar- mor, Tally and John Whiteman, Ensigns Samuel Fer-


Hopkins, ensign of Sixth Company, Sixth Regiment. On May 5th William B. Spicer was commissioned lieutenant of Sixth Company, Eighth Regiment : May 7th Samuel Murphy, lieutenant, and John Grithn, ensign of First Company, Fourth Regiment ; May 8th John Wright, captain ; John Snow, heutenant, atul Detlul Watson, eusign of Eighth Company, Fourth Regiment , May 1uth stayton Moris, captain, John Watson, hentchant, John Gordon, en-ign, lighth Company, Fourth Regiment . May 12th David C. Wilson, caplum, Samuel Alrich, lentenant. Evan Cox, ensign. Thand Company, First Regiment, and Daniel Hunrington, hentenant, and William Cardern, ensign, First Company, Eighth Regiment.


291


THE WAR OF 1812-15.


guson and John Taylor, and all the non-commissioned The other companies stood upon their arms, ready officers and privates of the First and Second Regi- for service in whatever direction they should be needed. The British forces contented themselves with stretching up the bay as far as Reedy Island. where they captured and burnt some shallops and small eratt, and then returned. ments ; and Captain Philemon Green, Ensign James Hart, and all the non-commissioned officers and pri- vates of the Fourth and Fifth Regiments to rendez- vous immediately at New Castle. Major Cornelius P. Comegys, Captains Benjamin Burton and Stephen Redden, Lieutenants John Swain and Henry Wal- lace, and Ensigns John C. Hayes and James Con- well, and all the non-commissioned officers and pri- vates of the Seventh, Eighth and Tenth Regiments were ordered to rendezvous at Lewistown. In addi- tion to these, four lieutenants from the regiments composing the 'First Brigade and three from those composing the Second Brigade were ordered to New Castle, and four lieutenants from the regiments com- posing the Third Brigade were ordered to Lewis- town.


April 29th and May 30 the British ships in the Chesapeake landed parties which burned and plun- dered Frenchtown and Havre de Grace, then depots of quite a lively trade between Wilmington and Baltimore. A little later they burned Georgetown and Fredericktown, on Sassafras River. Coasting and bay trade was stopped, and the name of Admiral Cockburn became a terror. Commodore Beresford, with his squadron, was in Delaware Bay, and alarms were frequent along the shores, caused by marauding parties of the enemy seeking provisions and fresh water. Col. Davis' force of militia was active and vigilant, but without gun-boats, unable to be everywhere present. The enemy, selecting the time and place for his raids, frequently succeeded in stealing sheep, poultry and some cattle; but to se- cure a supply of fresh water required so much time that, through the vigilance of the settlers, information was signaled, and a force despatched which always succeeded in driving the enemy from the fresh-water ponds. Gov. Haslet, recognizing the gallantry and skill of Col. Davis, complimented that officer and his command by letter of April 19, 1813, for the zeal, activity and patience with which he had defend- ed the State. If the people of the Staste were kept in continual apprehension by the enemy, the situa- tion of the British was not altogether satisfactory. The removal of buoys rendered the navigation of the crooked and tortuous channel difficult for all classes of vessels and impossible for the large ships of the fleet, which could only lay off and on at the capes, suffering for fresh provisions and water.


Commodore Beresford's squadron sailed for Bermu- da late in April and left in their place the " Statira" and the "Spartan " frigates, and the " Martin " sloop- of-war, with some tenders and barges, commanded by Commodore Stackpoole. On Sunday, the 29th of May, these vessels stood up the Delaware with a fair wind. Expresses were immediately sent out to alarm the country. The Delaware volunteers assem- bled. The Philadelphia Independent Blues were or- dered to march from Camp Staunton to New Castle.


On the 13th of May the first detachment of volun- teers had marched from Philadelphia to Delaware, under the command of Col. Lewis Rush. It consisted of the Philadelphia Blues, Capt. Henry Myers ; the Independent Volunteers, Capt. Samnel Borden ; and the Washington Guards, a crack company. Each of these companies consisted of one hundred privates, fifteen officers and two musicians. In four days they


WASHINGTON GUARDS.


reached Staunton, on the Baltimore road, six miles below Wilmington. Here a permanent encampment was formed under the command of Gen. Bloomfield, but the affair of May 29th showed the necessity of giving protection to those portions of Delaware high- er up the river. It was rumored that the enemy in - tended to make an attempt to destroy Dupont's pow- der-mills on the Brandywine. Col. Rush was ordered to take up a new position on Shellpot Hill, three miles north of Wilmington and one mile from the Delaware River, covering the place of debarkation at Hamilton's Landing. On the 2d of June Camp Staunton was abandoned, and the troops marched to Camp Shellpot, where they continued until about the 12th of July, when they took up a new station at Oak Hill, near Stille's Run, four miles west of Wilmington and four miles south of Du Pont's powder-mills. Atter the British descended the Chesapeake Bay, Camp Oak Hill was broken up, and on the 28th of July the Philadelphia troops reached home.


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292


HISTORY OF DELAWARE.


While these movements of the militia were taking place, and other measures of defense promoted, the British squadron bad by no means left Delaware Bay ; in faet, it was their presence that inspired the people to energetic artion. On one occasion the British forces ran a shallop into Cohansey Creek, and an officer proceeded to Bridgeton, New Jersey, representing that he had come as a flag of truce. The American officers stationed there were suspicious, however, and accom- panied him to his boat, where they found about fifteen hogsheads filled with water from the creek. The officer and erew were taken into custody and the shal- lop condemned as a prize.1


On the night of April 21st considerable alarm was spread among the people living in the vicinity of Little Creek. The schooner " Pilgrim," a tender of the " Poictiers," sailed np the bay and anchored off the mouth of the ercek, while a barge with twenty-two men was sent up as far as Taylor's Gut. Two men landed, one of whom proved to be a New England captain, who stated that he was a prisoner on the " Poictiers," and had been promised his freedom if he succeeded in procuring a supply of food. His story was not eredited, however, and he and his companion were held as prisoners. On the morning of the 22d the "Pilgrim's " lieutenant came up with fourteen men and a flag of truce to Little Creek Landing and endeavored to secure the release of the two men, They were unsuccessful in this, and for the next thir- ty-six hours sought revenge by committing every pos- sible depredation on the property of those residing along the creek. Although entirely cut off from as- sistance, and destitute of a supply of arms and ammu- nition, the people arose to a man and offered a res- olnte opposition to the ineursion, and finally drove the marauders off. The American captain was lodged in jail at Philadelphia. On April 29th several hun- dred of the British landed at Fishing Creek, on the Jersey shore, and before a force could be gathered to oppose them, they had seized one hundred and twen- ty-nine sheep and forty-five cattle and departed. These robberies and attacks continued until about the middle of May, when, as has been stated, the " Poietiers " and " Belvidera " sailed for the Bermudas for a supply of fresh water, of which they had long been in need. Just before sailing from the Capes, however, they made one last attempt, and lowered their barges to go into Newbold's Point. Col. Davis anticipated their intention and sent a hundred and fifty men from Lewistown to the Point, and frustrated their plans. As soon as they had put out to sea, all the buoys which they had placed in the bay were im- mediately taken up by the Americans,


It was about this time that the government recog- nized the genius of one of Delaware's most famous statesmen and honored Senator, James A. Bayard, with an appointment as one of the commissioners to nego- tiate a treaty with Great Britain.2 Napoleon's un-


1 Niles' Register, vol. iv , p. 10.


2 Captain John Warner, on May 18th, was elected a member of the


successful campaign of 1812, and his retreat from Moscow had greatly increased Russia's prestige. Pres- ident Madison, who had always been anxious for peace, therefore eagerly seized the opportunity offered hy M. Daschkoff in proffering the mediation of Ru -- ia as a means of settling the dispute about which war was then raging between Great Britain and the United States. In conjunction with Mr. Bayard, he appointed Albert Gallatin, then Secretary of the Treasury, as a second commissioner, both to confer with John Quincy Adams, then the American min- ister at St. Petersburg. As soon as these appointments were announced. the Russian secretary of legation at Washington left for the Delaware capes and arranged with the British squadron for the sailing of the commissioners, and in May, 1813, Messrs. Bayard and Gallatin lett New Castle in the cartel ship " Nep- tune " for St. Petersburg.


Commodore Stackpoole, with his fleet, continned their predatory attacks on both sides of the bay, to the general annoyance and uneasiness of all the inhab- itants. The universal complaint was, that the coun- try was too sparsely settled to render any concerted action possible, and while a considerable foree might be mnstered at a particular spot, the enemy could sail up or down the bay and commit whatever devas- tation they desired before the land force could be moved. To prevent this, the Philadelphia Committee of Defense began to organize a fleet of gun-boats to eruise in the Delaware River and Bay.


A rumor that the British intended to make a bold attack on the numerous manufacturing establish- ments on the Brandywine induced Governer Ha-let to form two emergeney companies for their protection. On May 15th he issued a number of warrants to offi- cers of these companies, of which the following is a copy :


" DOVER, May 15, 1813.


" Joseph Haslet, Governor of the State of Delaware : "To --- , greeting.


" Know you that in consequence of the imminent danger to which this State is now sulgect by reason of a threatened invasion thereof by the British squadron now lying in the Delaware, and of the great interest which the public has in the preservation of the manufactures on the Brandywine. I have thought proper during the exciting energency by warrant to recommend you to be - of a company to le formed of the manufacturers employed at the factories on the Brandy- wine in - Hundred in New Castle County.


"This authority is not to interfere with any provision of the militia laws of the State, and is to continue only during the continuance of the present threatened invasion, and no per-on belonging to the company formed under the recommendation as in consequence to be exemple 1 from any mulitia duties to which such person wonbl otherwise le halde. "JOSEPH HASLET."


Those to whom warrants were issued for offices in the Christiana Hundred, all being manufacturers em- ployed on the Brandywine, were Eleuthen Irene Du Pont, captain ; Raphael Duplanty, first lieutenant ; James P'help, second lieutenant ; George Hodgson, third lieutenant ; Charles Dalmar, ensign. The ofli- cers appointed in Brandywine Hundred were Vic- tor Du Pont, captain; Vidal Garresche, first lieu-


committee of Safety of Wilmington to take the place of Jamies A. Bayard. Victor Du l'ont was chosen a member of the Commuttre of Safety May 20th.


293


THE WAR OF 1812-15.


tenant; Nathaniel H. Clifford Perkins, second lieu- the thigh Captain Adams, of the Delaware militia, " nant ; Richard Hambly, third lieutenant; and arrived at the riche of action as the enemy moved off. charles Du Pont, ensign.1


On May 4, 1813, Col. Allen MeLane, commandant at Wilmington, addressed the veteran corps as fo !- lows:


" You shall be ready to march at a moment's notice, at the alarmi poat in Wilmington, fully equipped. The savage enemy are approaching with fire and sword. They have burned the storehouses and men han- Jest on the Elk River, wantonly destroyed by five the beautiful village of Hlavre-de-Grace, and threaten us here in our hatqrations with death and destruction of properity ; you require no other stinailus to duty. Ywir officers pledge themselves to do their duty, and rely on your individual and collective support."


The Committee of Safety, on May 5th, appointed Park Mason, John M. Smith, Thomas MeConnell, Wm. French, Allen Thomson, Abraham Sharpe, George Taylor, G. James Wolf and Paul McGinn a committee to report the arrival of strangers in Wil- mington.


On May 6th intelligence was received in Wilming- ton of the landing of the British near Georgetown in fifteen barges, and the burning of the residence of Joshua Ward. A general meeting of citizens was held at the Town Hall, and measures adopted for the defense of the place. An appropriation of five thou- sand dollars was made by the Legislature for the de- fense of New Castle, and Caleb P. Bennet was ap- pointed commander of the town. On May 15th, Governor Haslet, by order of the War Department, directed the companies of Capt. Joshua Holmes and William Moore, of the First and Second Regiments, to march to New Castle.


Among those who participated in the hottest of the engagement at Fort George in Canada, in the early part of June, 1813, was Captain Thomas Stockton,2 son of Gen. Stockton, of Wilmington. Six of his company were killed and seven wounded. Captain Stockton also distinguished himself in the battle of Lundy's Lane, where a brother of his was killed.


Lieutenant Samuel Angus, with nine gunboats and two armed sloops, fitted out by the Philadelphia Com- mittee of Defense on June 16th made an attack on the British squadron, consisting of two frigates, lying off Fishing Creek, and made them change their posi- tion. About the same time (June, 1813) the sloop "Rebecca," of Milford, loaded with corn for Wilming- ton, was boarded near Milford by one hundred British soldiers in two launches. After her capture the corn was taken out and the vessel burnt. Captain Redden, who commanded a company of militia near the " Rebecca," fired on the British, which they returned, killing one man and wounding Captain Redden in


1 The Legislature, on January 26, 1811, passed an act exempting manufacturers and their employers from unitary duty, " with a view to the encouragement and prosperity of mitustrial establishments." When war was declared the Messrs. Du Pont purchased at their own expense three hnudred muskets and untforms, and orgamzed the two volunteer companies from among the worl men in their mills. They were called the North Brandywine and the South Brandywine Ringers.


" Thomas Stockton was born in New Castle, April 1, 1751. He was a mon of General Johu Stockton, atel was commissioned captain of artillery in the American army September 12, 1-12, and major of Forty-second Infantry April 15, 1814. Ho resigned from the army July , Is2 , and way elei ted Governor of Delaware in 1>44 and served to lalb. He died suddenly at New Castle on March 2, 1816.


An exciting chair occurred on Thursday, July 22d. An American sloop was about entering the Capes. when the " Martin," of the British squadron, gave chase. The sloop signaled for a pilot to Cape May, and seren pilots and a whale-boat immediately came to her assistance. The " Martin " continued her chase however, and the captain of the sloop saw no alternative but to run her ashore. The whale-boat was sent in advance to ask for assistance and this brought Lieutenant Townsend to the beach with a field-piece and about thirty men. The "Martin " sent her barges and tender to continue the chase, but the grape from the field-piece soon drove them off. The sloop-of-war in attempting to come to their assist- tasce ran aground on Crow's Shoals, but the Americans had no gun-boat in the neighborhood to secure the prize.


The troops at Camp Shellpot remained there until July 12th, when they again changed position, this time taking up quarters at Oak Hill, near Stille's Run, four miles west of Wilmington. Here they re- mained until late in July, when the British squadron which had been blockading the Chesapeake left and the Philadelphia troops returned to their homes, arriving in that city on July 28th.


On the 29th the Delaware flotilla had an en- counter with the " Martin " and " Junon," which re- suhed in the loss of gun-boat "121." Early in the morning Lieutenant Angus, while lying off Dennis' Creek, discovered that the "Martin " had chased a small vessel and captured her near the overfalls. In accomplishing this, however, she had gone ashore on Crow's Shoals, and Lieutenant Angus at once stood down the bay for the purpose of bringing about an engagement. When within three-quarters of a mile of the sloop-he drew up the whole flotilla, consisting of eight gun-boats. each with twenty-five men, two block stoops and one long thirty-two. The " Junon," thirty-eight, a heavy frigate, Captain Sanders, came to the assistance of the " Martin," and anchored abont half a mile away. The cannonading continued for an hour and three-quarters. The British did little harm, their balls flying over the flotilla, while their hulls negan to feel the blows from the American guns. They then manned two launches and eight barges and cutters, with about thirty-five men in each, and at- taeked gun-boat, " No. 121," which by some mishap had floated away from the other boats and was then a mile and a half off. The gun-boat was commanded by sailing master Shead, who began a hot fire into the enemy's approaching line from his long gun. He was overpowered by numbers, however, and was forced to surrender before assistance could reach him, and the British got off with their prize. The enemy lost seven men killed and twelve wounded. while the gun- boat had none killed and seven wounded. The gun- boat afterwardsdrifted on shore near Great Egg Harbor




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