USA > Georgia > Chatham County > Savannah > A history of Savannah and South Georgia, Volume I > Part 6
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SAVANNAIL'S ORIGINAL SITE
This was the traet of land from which Savannah was settled, . and from which the allotment was made. July 7th, 1733. Accompanying the
* History of Georgia, by Chas. C. Jones, Jr., Vol. I, pp. 149-150.
25
SAVANNAH AND SOUTH GEORGIA
grant to these three persons named was a plan of Savannah which has been lost, but the deed is in the office of the secretary of state of Georgia. It is of such great importance that it is deemed worthy of a plaee liere, and is as follows :
"To all to whom these Presents shall come: We, Thomas Christie and William Calvert, send greeting. Whereas by Indentures of Lease and Release made between the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Geor- gia in America on the one part; and us the said Thomas Christie and William Calvert and Joseph Hughes, deceased, on the other part, bear- ing date the twenty-fifth day of October, Anno Domini One Thousand seven hundred thirty and two, under the common seal of the said Trustees, they the said Trustees did for the considerations therein men- tioned Grant and convey unto ns the said Thomas Christie and William Calvert and the said Joseph Hughes, deceased, and to the Survivors of us and our Assigns. Five Thousand Acres of Land lying and being in the Province of Georgia in America, being part and parcel of the Land which his Majesty graciously granted to the said Trustees by his Letters Patent bearing date the Ninth day of June Anno Domini One Thousand Seven Hundred thirty and two, to be set out in such parts of the said Province as should be thought convenient and proper by such Person as should be appointed by the Common Council for that purpose, under sueh limitations and in trust for such uses and purposes as are therein mentioned, as in and by the said Indentures, relation being to them had, may more fully appear ; And Whereas the said Common Couneil did by deed under the Common Seal of the said Trustees, bearing Date the Twenty Sixth day of October Anno Domini One Thousand seven hun- dred thirty and two authorize and appoint James Oglethorpe Esquire. of Westbrook Place in the County of Surry, to set out and limit the said Five Thousand Acres in such part of the said Province as he should think most convenient ; and Whereas the said James Oglethorpe hath set out and limited the said Five Thousand Acres in such a regular manner as is most convenient for the support of a Town and the Inhabi- tants thereof, and hath set out part of the said Five Thousand Aeres for a Town called Savannah, with Lotts for Houses, and left a Common round the Town for convenience of Air; And, adjoining to the Commons. hath set out Garden Lotts of Five Acres each, and beyond such Garden Lotts hath set out Farms of Forty Four Aeres, and One hundred forty and one Pole each, and hath drawn a Plan of the Town and Plot of the Garden Lots and Farms respectively, with proper Numbers. Referenees, and Explanations for the more easy understanding thereof which Plan and Plot are hereunto annexed and set forth in Folio One and Folio Nine of this Book:
"Now Know Ye, that we, the Said Thomas Christie and William Cal- vert pursuant to the said Deed, and in performance of the said Trust, do Grant and Enfeoff unto John Goddard one Honse Lot in Wilmington Tything in Derby Ward, expressed in the said Plan by Number One, containing Sixty feet in front and Ninety feet in depth, and one Garden Lot containing Five Acres, expressed on the said Plot by Number Eleven, lying Sonth East from the Center of the said Town, and one Farm ex-
26
SAVANNAH AND SOUTH GEORGIA
pressed in the said Plot by Number Five and Letter A in the said Ward and Tything, containing Forty Four Acres and One Hundred Forty and One Pole, making together Fifty Acres of Land: To Have and To Hold the said Fifty Acres of Land unto him the said John Goddard during the term of his natural life, and after his decease to the Heirs Male of his Body forever, Upon the Conditions and under the express Limitations hereinafter mentioned."
Garden lots. farms and town lots in which the location by wards and tithings was indicated were granted in the same instrument, on the same conditions to the following: Walter Fox. John Grady, James Carwall, Richard Cannon, Francis Cox, relict of William Cox, William Cox, Jr., George Sims, Joseph Fitzwalter, Mary Samms, relict of John Samms, Elizabeth Warren, relict of John Warren, William Warren, son of the said John Warren, Mary Overend, relict of Joshua Overend, Franeis Mugridge, Robert Johnson, William Horn, John Penrose, Elizabeth Hughes, relict of Joseph Hughes, Mary Hodges, reliet of Richard Hodges, Mary Hodges, Elizabeth Hodges, and Sarah Hodges-daughters of the said. Richard Hodges-James Muir, Thomas Christie. Joseph Cooper, John West, James Wilson, Thomas Pratt, William Waterland, Eliza- beth Bowling, reliet of Timothy Bowling, Mary Bowling, daughter of the said Timothy Bowling, Elizabeth Millidge. reliet of Thomas Millidge, Heirs Male of the said Thomas Millidge, William Little, Jane Parker, relict of Samuel Parker, Thomas Parker. son of the said Samuel Parker, Mary Magdalene Tibbeau, reliet of Daniel Tibbeau, Heirs Male of the said Daniel Tibbeau. Hannah Close, relict of Henry Close, Ann Close, daughter of the said Henry Close, Joseph Stanley, Robert Clark, Peter Gordon, Thomas Causton, John Vanderplank, Thomas Young, Joseph Coles, Thomas Tebbitt, John Dearn, John Wright, Noble Jones, Ann Hows, relict of Robert Hows. John Clark, William Gough, William MacKay, Thomas Ellis, Edward Johnson, Isaae Nunez Henriquez. Wil- liam Mears, Moses le Desma. Paul Cheeswright, Samuel Nunez Ribiero, John Musgrove, Noble Wimberly Jones, Daniel Ribiero, Charles Philip Rogers, Moses Nunez Ribiero, Robert Gilbert, Edward Jenkins, Senior, Jaeob Lopez d'Olivera, William Savory, Edward Jenkins, Junior, Isaac de Val, David Cohen del Moute. Benjamin Shaftell, Bearsley Gough, Robert Hows, Abraham Nunez. Monte Santo, John Millidge, Jaeob Yowel. Samuel Parker, Junior, Abraham Minis, Jacob Lopez de Crasto, and David de Pas. Specifying the particular portion of land conveyed to each of the persons named. the deed continues and ends as follows: "yielding and paying for such Town Lott, Garden Lott, and Farm, containing together Fifty Acres as aforesaid, to the said Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America, and to their Suceessors, yearly and every year, the Rent or Sum of two Shillings of lawful Money of Great Britain, the same to be paid to such person or persons and at such place in the said Town of Savannah in the said Province of Georgia as by the Common Conneil (for the time being) of the said Trustees shall be appointed. The first Payment to be made on the first Day of the Eleventh year to be computed from the Day of the date of these Presents: provided always, and these Presents are upon these conditions that if it shall happen that the said yearly Rent, of Two Shill-
27
SAVANNAH AND SOUTH GEORGIA
ings or any part thereof be unpaid by the space of Twelve Kalendar Months next after the day of Payment, on which the same ought to be paid as aforesaid, And if the said several persons or their respective Heirs above mentioned shall not within the space of Eighteen Kalendar Months from the date hereof erect one House of Briek or framed, square timber work, on their respeetive Town Lotts, containing at the least Twenty four feet in length, upon Sixteen in breadth, and eight feet in height, and abide, settle and continue in the said Provinee for and during the full term of three years to be computed from the date hereof, and if the said several Persons and each of them respectively shall not, within the space of ten years, to be likewise computed from the date hereof, clear and cultivate Ten. Acres of the said Land hereinbefore to them re- speetively granted; And if the said several persons aforesaid shall not plant or cause to be planted, One Hundred plants of the White Mul- berry Tree which are to be delivered unto them respectively by the said Trustees, so soon as the same of sufficient part thereof be cleared, and sufficiently fence and preserve the same from the bite of Cattle and in- stead of such Trees as shall happen to die or be destroyed shall not set other Trees of the same sort, And if any or either of the said several persons above mentioned who shall by virtue of these Presents, or of the Grant and Enfeoffment hereby made or intended to be made, now or at any time or times hereafter become possessed of the said Fifty Aeres of Land, or any part or parcel thereof respectively, at any time or times alien, transfer, or eonvey the same or any part thereof for any term of years, or any estate or interest in the same, to any Person or Persons whatsoever without special leave and license of the said Common Couneil (for the time being) or of such Officer as the said Common Council shall from time to time authorize to Grant sueh lieense: And if the said Per- son or Persons or any other Person who shall by virtue of these Presents and the Grant in Tail Male hereby made from time to time beeome possessed of the said Fifty Aeres of Land shall do or commit any Treason, Misprison of Treason, Insurrection. Rebellion, Counterfeiting the Money of Great Britain, or shall commit Murder, Felony, Homicide. Killing, Burglary, Rape of women, unlawful Conspiracy or Confederacy, and shall be thereof lawfully convicted; and if any of the said Person or Persons hereinbefore mentioned or any other Person or Persons who shall by virtue of these Presents and of the Grant thereby made, from time to time become possessed of any of the said Fifty Acres of Land shall at any time hire, keep, lodge, board, or employ within the limits of the said Province of Georgia any person or persons being Black or Blacks, Negro or Negroes, or any other Person or Persons being a Slave or Slaves, on any aecount whatsoever without the special leave and license of the said Common Conneil (for the time being) of the said Trustees, that theu and from theneeforth in any or either of the aforesaid cases it shall be lawful to and for the said Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America and their successors into and upon the said Fifty Acres of Land hereby granted of such person so offending and upon any and every part thereof in the name of the whole to re-enter and the same to have again, retain, repossess and enjoy as if this present grant had never been made; And all and every such Person or Persons
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SAVANNAH AND SOUTHI GEORGIA
so neglecting, or misbehaving him or themselves in any or either of the cases aforesaid, all other the occupyers and possessors of the said Fifty Acres of Land (to such person so misbehaving as aforesaid belonging) or any part or parcel thereof, thereout and from thenee utterly to expel, put out and amove; And also upon the Entry in any of the cases before mentioned of such Officer or Officers who shall by the said Common Council (for the time being) be for that purpose authorized and ap- pointed, the Grant hereby made of the said Fifty Aeres of Land unto such Person so misbehaving as aforesaid shall cease, determine, and be- come void.
"In Witness Whereof the said Thomas Christie, and- William Calvert have hereunto set their Hands and Seals this twenty-first day of Decem- ber in the year of Our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred Thirty and Three.
"THOS. CHRISTIE [L. S.]
"WM. CALVERT [L. S.]''
THE GRANTEES
The following list of grantees is a part of the deed, and it is added to the same at the end of it. It is a valuable document inasmuch as it not only gives the names of all the grantees, but it also shows the location of the land granted to each individual.
PERCIVAL WARD
GARDENS FARMS
GARDENS FARMS
Moore Tything
No
1 Abraham Minis, 51W 6
James Willoughby,
Thomas Atwell, 2
Robert More,
Hugh Frazier,
5
Robert Potter,
John Graham,
3
Robert Hanks,
Samuel Mareer,
4
Thomas Egerton,
William Brownjohn, 8
John Desborough,
Lewis Bowen,
Holland Tything, .
L
John Kelly,
Sloper Tything, M
Thomas Cheuter,
Henry Parker, 7
Hicks Tything,
K Thomas Gapen,
John Millidge,
45E
10
Jeremialı Papot,
Jacob Yowell,
65 W
1 Peter Baillou,
Samuel Parker, Jr.,
32W
7 James Papot,
HEATHCOTE WARD
Eyles Tything, No.
N David de Pas, 27W
LaRoche Tything,
O Vernon Tything, P
Bolitha Tything, Q
Jacob Lopez de Crasto, 42W
Francis Delgrass,
John Lawrence,
James Turner, 9
29
SAVANNAH AND SOUTH GEORGIA
DERBY WARD
GARDENS FARMS
GARDENS FARMS
Wilmington Tything, No. A
Joseph Cooper, 27E 3
John Goddard,
33E
5 Tyrconnel Tything,
C
Walter Fox,
12E
4 John West.
13E
3
Jolin Grady,
53F
8
James Wilson,
63E
8
James Carivall,
61E 6
Thomas Pratt,
57E
5
Richard Cannon.
62E
5
William Waterland, 22E
4
Francis, relict of
Timothy Bowling,
4E
2
Dr. William Cox, 52E
7
Elizabeth, reliet of
66E
6
Joseplı Fitzwalter,
37E
9
Elizabeth, relict of William Little.
60E
7
Samuel Parker. Sr.,
49E
9
John Warren,
64E
2
Daniel Tibbeau,
39E
1
Jekyll Tything,
B
Henry Close,
6E
10
Frederick Tything,
D
Mary, relict of Joslma Overland,
51E
9
Joseph Stanley, 34E
6
Francis Mugridge,
37E
2
Robert Clark,
9E
3
Robert Johnson,
42E
6 Peter Gordon,
10E
7
William Horn,
59E
5
Thomas Causton,
SE
10
John Penrose,
30E
1
John Vanderplank,
5E
9
Joseph Hughes,
26E
4 Thomas Young, Joseph Coles.
38E
4 3
Mary, relict of Richard Hodges,
36E
10
Thomas Tibbit,
51E
8
James Muir,
48E
7 John Dearn,
24E
2
Thomas Christie,
3E
8 John Wright,
1E
5
DECKER'S WARD
Digby Tything,
No.
E Noble Wimberly Jones, 25E
S
John Clark,
34E
5 Charles Philip Rogers, 47E
10
William Maekay,
97W
Thomas Ellis,
35E
9
Edward Johnson,
36E
1
Tower Tything,
G
Isaac Nunez IIenri- quez,
33W
7
Jacob Lopez d'Olivero, 30W
7
William Mears,
23E
6
William Savory, 33W
3
Moses le Desma,
41W
10
Edward Jenkins, Jr., 68W
9
Carpenter Tything,
F
Isaac de Val,
70W
Heathcote Tything,
H
Noble Jones, 29E
6
Paul Cheeswright.
40F
5
David Cohen del Monte 61W 30
Samuel Nunez Ribiero, 63W
3
John Musgrove,
45 F
9
Benjamin Shaftell,
72W 6
George Sims.
41E
10
Thomas Millidge,
Relict of John Samms,
7E
3
Elizabeth, relict of
Daniel Ribiero, 43W
2
William Gough,
36W
2 Moses Nunez Ribiero, 64W Robert Gilbert, 2F
4
1
Edward Jenkins, Sr., 40W
2
65 E
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SAVANNAH AND SOUTH GEORGIA
GARDENS
FARMS
GARDENS
Bearsley Gongh,
Abraham Nunez Monte
Robert Hows,
23E
5 Santo 34W
Hows,
44E
Peter Tondee
After assigning the lots, and attending to the matters connected with that business, which occupied his attention until the time of the mid-day meal, Oglethorpe then entertained his people with a dinner sup- plied by himself which, from the accounts coming down to ns. must have been all that a set of hungry people could wish for. The bill of fare included fresh beef, turkeys. venison, and seasonable vegetables, to which was added a quantity of English beer. The feast was followed by the formal establishment of a town conrt, or court of record. the grant for which was read and the officers appointed. The magistrates were Peter Gordon, 1st bailiff; Win. Waterland, 2d bailiff; Thomas Causton, 3d bailiff ; Thomas Christie, recorder; Joseph Fitzwalter, constable for Derby ward. The jury, which was the first empanelled in Georgia, consisted of Samuel Parker, foreman; Thomas Young, Joseph Cole, John Wright, John West, Timothy Bowling, John Milledge. Henry Close, Walter Fox, John Grady, James Carwell, and Richard Cannon. Before closing this chapter, it is proper to state that the deed of July 7, 1733, contains allotments to many persons who were not in Georgia at that date, including the one hundred and thirty-two persons who left England on the 12th of September, in the Savannah. As they had been previously accepted by the trustees for the Georgia Colony. lots were granted to them in anticipation of their joining Oglethorpe in Savannah.
.
CHAPTER IV
OGLETHORPE AND THE INDIANS
INDIAN STATUS WHEN THE COLONY CAME-FIRST CONFERENCE WITH NATIVES-TRUSTEES' GREETINGS TO THE LOWER CREEKS-DECLARA- TION OF LOWER CREEK NATION-EVIDENCES OF MUTUAL REGARD-THE GOOD CHIEF TOMO-CHI-CHII.
It is hardly necessary to remark that Oglethorpe did not immediately take possession of the land without coming to some understanding in that matter with the Indians, and without considering their claims and having a proper respect for their rights. Accordingly we find him say- ing, in his second letter to the trustees, dated February 10, 1733, on the first report of his arrival at Savannah : " A little Indian nation, the only one within fifty miles, is not only in amity, but desirous to be subjects to his Majesty, King George, to have lands given them among us. Their chief,* and his beloved man, who is the second in the nation, desire to be instructed in the Christian religion." Indeed, his just treatment of that race and his fair dealing with them so impressed them that there was never any friction except in the Mary Musgrove affair, which will in its place be fully explained. On this point, Dr. T. M. Harris, Oglethorpe's biographer, says: "Realizing how important it was to ob- tain the consent of the natural proprietors of the region to the settlement of his colony here, and how desirable to be on good terms with those in the vicinity, he sought for an interview with Tomo-chi-chi, the Mico, or chief of a small tribe who resided at a place called Yamacraw, three miles up the river."
INDIAN STATUS WHEN THE COLONY CAME
The status of the Indian tribes in this part of the country at the ad- vent of the Georgia Colony is described understandingly by Francis Moore in bis "Voyage to Georgia." After mentioning the four eastern nations, the Choetaws, the Cherokees, the Chickasaws, and the Creeks, he says of the last named: "These are divided into several small towns and nations, one of which is commanded by Tomo-chi-chi. To these belonged all the islands upon the sea, and the mainland, from the mouth of the Savannah to the Choctaw and the Florida Indians. The
* Tomo-chi-chi.
31
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SAVANNAH AND SOUTH GEORGIA
Creeks did by treaty grant the lands which the English now possess in Georgia near Savannah, and for it received presents.
"The sovereignty was in the erown of Great Britain, ever since the discovery of them by Sir Walter Raleigh. All Carolina bounded by the river St. John was the Carolina granted to the proprietors in the English possession at the Treaty of 1670. They also conceded several islands, reserving to themselves several portions of land on the main, as also the islands of St. Catherine, Sapola, and Assaba. They granted those of Tybee, Warsaw. Skidoway. Wilmington, St. Simons, and all those to the southward of it as far as St. John's river to the Colony. The Creek In- dians were allies or rather subjects to the Crown of Great Britain, and did, with the assistance of the English in 1703, beat the Spaniards as far as St. Augustine, and besieged that place. But though the siege was raised, the Creek Indians still kept possession of all the lands on the north of St. John's river, but had made a treaty with General Nicholson (who eommanded by commission for King George the First in those countries) that no private Englishman should possess the property of any land to the south or west of the river Savannah, without leave first had from the Indians.
"The first thing Mr. Oglethorpe did in his first voyage was to obtain the grant from the Indians; and upon a meeting of all the upper and lower Creeks, upon Tomo-chi-ehi's return from England. they confirmed the grant of all the islands (those reserved as above excepted) also of all the lands upon the continent as far as the tide flowed, and two hours' walk above it."
FIRST CONFERENCE WITH NATIVES
The following aeeount of the first eonferenee between Oglethorpe and the Indians is taken from "A Brief Account of the Establishment of the Colony of Georgia under Gen. James Oglethorpe. February 1, 1733," (Traet No. 2, in Vol. 1. of American Traets, edited by Peter Force) and is probably the most aeeurate on record : "Mr. Oglethorpe set out from Charlestown, S. C., on the 14th of May, 1732, and lay at Col. Bull's house, on Ashley river, where he dined the next day :- and landed at Savannah, on the 18th, at ten in the morning; where he found that Mr. Whiggan (the interpreter), with the chief men of all the Lower Creek nation, were come down to treat of an alliance with the new Colony .- The Lower Creeks are a nation of Indians, who formerly consisted of 10, but are now reduced to S tribes or towns; who have each their different government, but are allied together, and speak the same language. They claim from the Savannah river, as far as St. Augustine, and up to the Flint river, which falls into the Bay of Mexico :- all the Indians inhabit- ing this tract speak their language; Tomo-chi-chi, Mico, and the Indians of Yamacraw, are of their nation and language.
"Mr. Oglethorpe received the Indians, in one of the new houses, that afternoon :- they were as follows:
"From the tribe of Coweeta :- Yahon-Lakee, their king or mieo; Essoboa, their warrior, the son of old Breen (lately dead), whom the
33
SAVANNAH AND SOUTH GEORGIA
Spaniards called the Emperor of the Creeks; with 8 men, and 2 women, attendants.
"From the tribe of Cussetas :- Cusseta, the mico; Tatchiquateli, the head-warrior, with 4 attendants.
"From the tribe of Owseecheys :- Ogeese, the mico, or war-king, Neathlouthko, and Ongachi. 2 chief-men, with 3 attendants.
"From the tribe of the Cheehaws .- Outhleteboa. the mico, Thlan- thothlukee, Figeer. Sootamilla, war-captains. and 3 attendants.
"From the tribe of Eehetas :- Chutabeeche, and Robin, 2 war-eap- tains (the latter was bred amongst the English ), with 4 attendants.
"From the tribe of Pallachucolas :- Gillatee, the head-warrior and 5 attendants.
"From the tribe of Oconas :- Queekaehumpa, called by the English, 'Long King', Coowoo, a warrior.
"From the tribe of Eufnale :- Tomaumi, the head-warrior and 3 attendants.
"The Indians being all seated, Queekachumpa, a very tall old man, stood out, and with a graceful action, and a good voiee, made a long speech; which was interpreted by Mr. Wiggan and Mr. John Musgrove, and was to the following purpose .- He first elaimed all the land to the westward of the Savannah, as belonging to the Creek Indians. Next, (he said) that though they were poor and ignorant, He who had given the English breath, had given them breath also. That He who had made both, had given more wisdom to the white men. That they were firmly persuaded, that the Great Power which dwelt in heaven, and all around (and then he spread out his hands, and lengthened the sound of his words), and which hath given breath to all men, had sent the English thither for the instruction of them, their wives, and ehildren. That therefore they gave them up freely, their right to all the land
which they did not use themselves That this was not only his opinion, but the opinion of the 8 towns of the Creeks; each of whom having eon- sulted together, had sent some of their Chief-men with skins, which is their wealth. He then stopped; and the chief-men of each town, brought up a bundle of buckskins: and laid 8 bundles, from the & towns, at Mr. Oglethorpe's feet. He then said, those were the best thing they had; and therefore, they gave them with a good heart. He then thanked him for his kindness to Tomo-chi-ehi, Mico, and his Indians, to whom he said he was related; and said, that though Tomo chi-ehi was banished from his nation, that he was a good man, and had been a great warrior: and, it was for his wisdom and eourage, that the banished men chose him king. Lastly, he said, that they had heard in the nation, that the Cherokees had killed some Englishmen; and that if he would eommand them, they would enter with their whole force into the Cherokee country, destroy their harvest. kill their people, and revenge the English. He then sat down. Mr. Oglethorpe promised to acquaint the Trustees with their desire of being instructed ; and informed them that there had been a report of the Cherokees having killed some Englishmen, but that it was groundless :- he thanked them, in the most eordial manner, for their affection : and told them, that he would acquaint the Trustees with it.
Vol. 1-3
34
SAVANNAH AND SOUTH GEORGIA
"Tomo-chi-chi, Mico, then came in with the Indians of Yamacraw, to Mr. Oglethorpe ; and bowing very low, he said,-I was a banished man. -I came here poor and helpless, to look for good land near the tombs of my Ancestors; and the Trustees sent people here. I feared you would drive us away, for we were weak and wanted corn; but you confirmed our land to us, gave us food, and instructed our children :- we have al- ready thanked you, in the strongest words we could find; but words are no return for such favors; for good words may be spoke by the deceit-
TOMO-CHACHI, MICO
ful, as well as by the upright heart. The Chief men of our nation are here to thank you for us, and before them I declare your goodness, and that here I design to die: for we all love your people so well, that with them we will live and die. We don't know good from evil, but desire to be instructed and guided by you; that we may do well with, and be numbered amongst the children of the Trustees.
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