USA > Iowa > An illustrated history of the state of Iowa, being a complete civil, political, and military history of the state, from its first exploration down to 1875; > Part 1
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OUR RIGHTS
LIBERTIES
WILGHT
NTAIN
IOWA
Gc 977.7 T881 1722006
M. L.
gigantic Race 2210
REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION
HE SAW WASHINGTON.
Mr. Van Tuyl Is Lively at One Hundred and Fourteen.
When He Was a Boy a Gypsy Woman Told Him That fle Would Live to Be the Oldest Man Allve-The Prophecy Iulfilled.
Benjamin Van Tuyl, who claims to be 114 years old, called recently upon James Pine, of Troy, N. Y., father of J. K. P. Pine, of Lansingburg. The elder Mr. Pineshas known Benjamin for sixty years, and the younger Mr. Pine can remember the centenarian forty years.
Benjamin's knowledge of historical facts is somewhat limited. But he is well informed on the history of early agriculture in Washington and Sara- toga counties, N. Y., and he dwells with delight on the old-fashioned meth- ods employed by the farmers in the early part of the century.
Old Mr. Van Thyl, says the Troy (N. Y.) Times, was born on New Year's day, 1781-that is. a family Bible is said to record this momentous event, and Mr. Van Tuyl says that family Bibles never lie. The centenarian's birthplace was Argyle, Washington county. He says that his father was John Van Tuyl, a white man, and his mother a southern black slave.
Benjamin says that he was bought and sold three times into slavery. His father was a harnessmaker and kept a tanyard at Fort Miller. When Benja- min was very young he was set to work in his father's tanyard. He subse- quently learned the business of currier, Which trade he has worked at during unost of his protracted life
One of the most interesting events in Benjamin's career was his firstand only sight of Washington. He says that his father was accustomed to drive cattle : from Washington county to Albany, where they were sold. When Benja- min was thirteen years old his father took him to the old Dutch city. Gen. Washington was in the city at the time -according to Benjamin's best recol- lection-for the purpose of seeing some persons of prominence. The Father of His Country was dressed in uniform, and he smiled and looked grand while he shook the hands of the black and white people that filed by. And little Bennie crowded forward, and he man-
Clippedfr
The Western
August 1-95
girard Provat mor Hearted
Kansas
HOW LIFE LOOKS AT 114.
aged to get hold of Washington's hand, and he squeezed the precious member.
When Benjamin was still a boy his father went west and he saw him no more. For a time the hoy worked with his father's brother, Abram Van Tuyl. When he was twenty-one years old ho went to. Saratoga county and worked on a farm and did handy jobs. Later he went to North Cambridge, where he was employed by Robert Wilcox. ¿ Ben- jamin can turn his hand to many things. This summer he expects to gain a liveli- hood at ,his home in Hoosick Falls by whitewashing.
The old man sald that when he was young he met an old gypsy woman. She took his hand, and after looking at the palm, said: "You are going to live to be the oldest man alive." Benjamin feels assured that he has many more years to move around in, and he is plan- ning for things a year hence. He is a
member of the Hoosick Falls Baptist church, and was baptized into that de- nomination some years ago. Benjamin is still lively. He is well preserved, and does not appear to have reached the limit of man's allotted time. Ile has been spending the winter at the Rensselaer county house.
The centenarian has been twice mar- ried. He won hisfirst wife in Washing-
ton county. The second wife, who has been dead three years, entered the mat- rimonial state at lloosick Falls. Benja- min has had six children, two of whom are living. One of his sons lost his life while fighting for the north during the ' war of the rebellion.
All that Benjamin can remember abont the war of 1812 is that his master was drafted to go and fight. He has often seen Indians in his section, but his recollections of the picturesque red man and the romantic episodes of the olden time are confined to "the way those fellows had to hustle to make a living."
When Benjamin was asked to what he attributed his long life, he said: " 'Early to bed and early to rise.' I don't drink nothing but beer, and l
don't use terbaccer in no form but to chew it. I used to smoke ouce. But I went to work for a farmer and I says to myself: 'Benjamin, you got to run the chance of setting fire to the boss' barn or giving up your smoke.' Rather than see the boss' barn smoke, I gave up the smoke. Now, I've kind of lost the habit."
:
LOCAL AFFAIRS.
lowa City Iowa, Nov. 18, 187.4
From the Daily of Wednesday Nov. 11
TAXPAYERS .- The following list of our heaviest taxpayers will be found of Interest :
James McConnell. 276 27
P. M. Musser 363 52
L. B. Patterson. 249 00
: Charles Pinney
272 14
Lucy Smith 720 30
James D. Templin 420 00
T. K. Wilson. 322 92
John Wilde. 549 97
Peter A. Dey 670 29
Robert Hutchinson. 681 22
J. M. Haas. 276 13
Dietz & Hammer 296 70
B. Gower ...
293 35
George Powell
393 45
P. P. Freeman
448 51
F. P. Brossart.
368 88
Hotz & Geiger 1,058 21
C., R. I. & P. R. R 5,607 67
A. H. Graham.
112 62
E. K. Morse ..
194 37
Carver Thompson. 106 04
Charles II. Fairall 100 78
Benjamin Graham 173 20
Bryan Dennis. 162 48
O. Gr Babcock 105 46
John Stoner 129 90
C. B. Wray 160 00
L. R. Wolfe. 220 00
R. McAllister, est 201 06
Jos Walker 167 87
Henry Walker. 144 98
William ' Kelso.
114 02
J. Stonebarger, est. 124 16
CJohn Mentzer, Sr 100 84
Allin Breed 118 30
CJâmes Evans, est. 138 45
B. G. Jayne .. 112 36 J. W. Jayne. 367 51 Jolın Borland. 458 00
John H. Clark. 319 27
Close Bros. 1,038 26
S. H. Fairan. 294 97
Thomas Hill 192 17
Edmonds & Ransom 678 90
LAquilla Whitacre. 219 90 G. Folsom, est. 196 16 C. F. Lovelace :. 132 73 James McAllister 123 75
164 92
Miller & Kirkwood. . . E. T. Seymour .. 122 03
Amana Society. 893 06
Henry Dupont, est. 116 23
D. H. Fowler. 121 12
OT: C. Durant. 154 55 John Scott 127 56
Francis Daniels
184 78
Henry Herring 128 55
George Rohrett. 127 95
E. Tudor. 228 91
W. B. Ford.
151 38
Gotleib Ressler 111 09
William Shaw 104 60
Chris Shetler 123 13
-
Corly Snyder. 125 08
Phil E. Shaver 145 18
Julius Brown 179 00
E. A. Brown. 246 13
John P. McCane 224 68
S. Devault. 122 74
C. W. McCune
244 67
Charles Pratt.
101 21
James Cougal. 133 67
James Strang. 137 00
E. Clark. 287 05
William Crum .. 224 17
John R. Van Fleet. 760 00
A. J. Bond 188 98
Sol. Coldren. 472 19
F. X. Rittenmyer 347 90
George J. Boal. 408 22
J. B. Berryhill 300 00
Moses Bloom .. 619 55
First National Bank .. . 2,100 00
· Iowa City Natio'l Bank 2,613 63 F. P. Burckle .. 334 75
.
C. H. Berryhill, est. 700 00
D. W. C. Clapp. 593 30
James C. Cochran 363 23
'T. C. Carson 378 29
W. P. Coast. 378 15
T. J. Cox 221 64
John P. Dostal. 404 26
Daniel Ham. 234 09
John Armstrong 191 59 Anson Hart. 259 80
F. J. Hass 315 50
E. C. Lyon. 1,153 60
C. W. Landsberg. 237 56
F. H. Luse 359 25
John B. Miller. 240 25
W. A. Morrison. 411 75
G. W. Marquardt
642 30
ouiÇu.
Bertie Campion and Leo Kessler while husking corn for James Hall- ingworth, 10 miles southeast of Iowa City, last Monday, Nov. 25. husked and cribbed 120 bushels corn @plece in nine hours.
Heury Kessler, who lives near Solon, has pretty nearly broken all records in theworld of husking and cribbing corn hereabouts. He isan em ploye of John Bothell, of Lincoln township, andhe has the figures to prove that he husked and cribbed in two consecutive days of 912 hours each, 210 bushels of corn, and 954 bushels in 10 days-an average of 95 2-5 bushels per day-the corn av- eraging 65 bushels per acre. If any- body in that line of business can beat these figures, the Press will be glad to hear from him. Jona City forra nov. 27/07
WRITING DEPARTMENT, -OF-
martial College
For full College Circulars address Min. Mc Clain.
-
IOWA CITY, IOWA.
Sponcaiano
J. Ro. Withams, man.
, 1.
AN ILLUSTRATED HISTORY
OF
THE STATE OF IOWA,
BEING
A COMPLETE CIVIL, POLITICAL AND MILITARY HISTORY OF THE STATE,
FROM ITS FIRST EXPLORATION DOWN TO 1875 ;
INCLUDING
A CYCLOPEDIA OF LEGISLATION DURING THE ADMINISTRATION OF EACH OF THE GOVERNORS, FROM LUCAS (1836) TO CARPENTER; WITH HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY IN THE STATE SEPA- RATELY, EMBRACING INTERESTING NARRATIVES OF PIO- NEER LIFE; INCLUDING AN ACCOUNT OF THE COM- MERCIAL, AGRICULTURAL AND EDUCA- TIONAL GROWTH OF IOWA.
BY PROF. CHARLES R. TUTTLE. Author of "History of Wisconsin," " History of Indiana." " History of Michigan," "Histor of Border Wars," " Centennial History of the Northwest," etc., etc.,
A8818TED BY DANIEL S. DURRIE, A. M., For twenty years Librarian of the Wisconsin State Historical Society.
SOLD ONLY BY SUBSCRIPTION.
CHICAGO : RICHARD S. PEALE AND COMPANY. 1876.
Entered according to Act of Congress In the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six, BY CHARLES R. TUTTLE, in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.
MADISON, WIS .: STEREOTYPED BY ATWOOD & CULVER.
1722006
TO
THE FARMERS OF IOWA,
BY WHOSE ACTIVE INDUSTRY, INTELLIGENCE AND PUBLIC SPIRIT, IOWA HAS BECOME
THE MOST PRODUCTIVE AGRICULTURAL STATE IN THE UNION,
THIS VOLUME
IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED.
1848:65
OF TH, OF
IOWA RAMSAY
Jor tall
Prof. Chas R.Tatile.
THE COMPOSITORS ROOM
PRESE
1871-75
INTRODUCTORY.
IN THE preparation of this volume, I have not aimed so much at literary excellence as to produce a work of usefulness. The materials for its pages were ripe in abundance, and it has been a work of no little difficulty to select, from these contemporaries, subjects most appropriate for a History of Iowa, and to group them in the order best calculated to make their presentation ac- ceptable. In the pursuit of this end, the following range of gen- eral subjects has been considered in the order designated.
The opening chapters are intended to familiarize the reader with the physical and antiquarian features of the territory now embraced within the limits of the state. This is not only neces- sary to a better understanding of the events that have transpired upon it, but furnishes in itself much of interest and instruction.
The early history of Iowa constitutes the second distinguishing feature. In this part, pains have been taken to present a strictly chronological narrative of all the important events in the early history of the territory, covering a period from its first exploration down to the organization of the territorial government, in 1838. The third division of the work may be designated by a cyclo- pædia of legislation during the administrations of each of the gov- ernors, from Lucas to Carpenter inclusive. This phase of the volume includes a review of Iowa's record in the war for the union, as, also, a brief mention of the several political contests that have characterized the state and territorial governments.
The history of the school system and educational advantages of Iowa occupies quite a prominent place, and the county sketches, upon which particular labor has been bestowed, will, I think, not only fairly represent the great resources and well advanced devel-
8
TUTTLE'S HISTORY OF IOWA.
opments in commerce and manufacture, but furnish interesting themes for contemplation. I invite special attention to the sketches of the counties, which are arranged in alphabetical order. Following these are presented biographical sketches of many leading citizens of Iowa.
I have received much valuable assistance from Daniel S. Durrie, A. M., for the past twenty years librarian of the Wisconsin State Historical Society. I have relied upon his contributions for the materials for the legislative accounts.
The History of Iowa is my sixth book and fourth state history. I regret that I was unable to bring to my assistance a long resi- dence in the state, which is so necessary to the success of such an undertaking; yet after all, scarred with errors as it may be, I fancy this work will serve a purpose of some value to the great state of which it treats, and be the means of preserving the mate- rials for a better history, which future generations will demand.
CHARLES R. TUTTLE.
MADISON, Wis., January, 1876.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I. GENERAL DESCRIPTION.
Surface, Soil, Geology, Minerals - Climate - Productions - Rivers, Lakes - Beauty of Scencry, etc., - 17
CHAPTER II. DES MOINES VALLEY, ANTIQUITIES, ETC.
The Des Moines River - Discovery of the Valley- Its Early Inhabitants -- Antiquities - Mounds - Mineral Wealth and Early Mining, - 28
CHAPTER III. EARLY HISTORY.
Chronology of Political Jurisdiction from 1763 to 1845 - Visit of Joliet and Marquette - Their Early Experiences among the Indians in Iowa - Louisiana - French Possession, - 42
CHAPTER IV. THE TWO FIRST SETTLERS.
First settlement - Julian Dubuque - His Wouderful Purchase from the In- dians - His Characteristics - Spanish Land Grants, - - 46
CHAPTER V. THE INDIANS OF IOWA.
. Sacs and Foxes - Other Tribes - Their Locations - Characteristics - Tribal Divisious, . . 50
CHAPTER VI. TREATIES WITH IOWA INDIANS.
Treaty on the Muskingum - Upper and Lower Louisiana - Black Hawk - - History of the Early Life of this Noted Chief, . 57
CHAPTER VII.
EXPLORATION.
Expedition of Gen. Pike - A Sketch of his Travels - His Interview with Dubuque- Gen. Pike effects Treaties with the Indians - Early Indian Complications, - 64
-
10
TUTTLE'S HISTORY OF IOWA.
CHAPTER VIII. HALF BREEDS -MINING - INDIAN TROUBLES.
The Provision for Half Breeds - The Half Breed Tract of Land - Congres- sional Act Enabling the Half Breeds to Sell their Lands - Sac and Fox Outbreaks - Conflict between Miners and Indians, - 70 -
CHAPTER IX. BLACK HAWK AND HIS WAR.
He Refuses to Leave his Old Home - Militia Called Out - His Removal and Subsequent' Return - The War - Bravery of Black Hawk - His Last
Days,
- 78
CHAPTER X. MINING - DUBUQUE.
Difficulties Between Miners and the Government - Early Incidents in Du- buque - A Tragedy - Lynch Law - Indian Troubles - Early Settle- ment, - 85
CHAPTER XI. EVENTS OF 1836-7.
Wisconsin Territory - Iowa a Part of Wisconsin - Banking, etc. - Fight over the Capital - Treaties with Indians, etc., 92
CHAPTER XII. PIONEER INCIDENTS.
Indian Reminiscences - " Squatter Sovereignty " - The Burlington Land Office - Sketch of the Land Sale Interest - Speculation - Anecdotes - The Early Farmers - Produce in 1838 - " Iowa," - 99
CHAPTER XIII. TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT.
Iowa Territory Organized - Gov. Lucas' Administration - First Session of the Legislature - State Officers - Acts Passed - State Prison - Stormy Politics - Legislative Incidents - Vetoes - Conflict Between Lucas and the Legislature - President Van Buren Upholds Gov. Lucas, - . 110
CHAPTER XIV. EARLY COURTS.
Judges Irwin aud Mason -Jail Incidents - Trial of a Justice - Curious Trials - Pioneer Administration of Justice, - 122
CHAPTER XV.
ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. LUCAS.
Second Session of the Territorial Legislature - Legislative Statistics - The Capitol, - 132
11
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XVI.
SOUTHERN BOUNDARY DIFFICULTY.
Boundary Commissioners - The State Militia - Counter-Proclamations-Sul- livan's Line - Victory of Lucas, 136
CHAPTER XVII. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. CHAMBERS.
The new Capitol Building - The Legislature at Iowa City - A State Govern- ment Discussed - Scarcity of Money - Banking, - - - 144
CHAPTER XVIII. HARD TIMES.
Collecting Debts by Force-Sheriff's Employed -The Sunday Law: Revis- ion of the Statute - The Legislature of 1844 - Public Debt - Constitu- tional Convention, 150 -
CHAPTER XIX.
CRIME.
The Indian Girl Haxta - Her Fate -Bill Johnson - His History - Peck's Revenge - Indian Murders - Murder of Miller - Execution - Murder of Davenport, - 157
CHAPTER XX. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. CLARK.
Events of 1845-Boundary Difficulties- A. C. Dodge aud the Boundary - The Miners' Bank of Dubuque - How it was Closed Up-The Mor- mons, 169
CHAPTER XXI. CLARK'S ADMINISTRATION.
Legislation of 1845- Move for a Constitutional Convention -Convention at Iowa City in 1846- Its Labors - Forming a State Constitution, 175
CHAPTER XXII. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. BRIGGS.
State Government - Events of 1847 - Organization of the State Legislature- Bribery - Exciting Election Contest in the Legislature - Adjournment- The United States Senators - Liquor Question - Education - Hard Times - Land Grants - Uncle Sam Appoints Judges, 178
CHAPTER XXIII. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. BRIGGS.
Commissioners on Permanent Seat of Government- Extra Session of the Legislature - The School Laws - Railroads - School Officers Disquali- fied -The Mormon Vote - Election, 189
12
TUTTLE'S HISTORY OF IOWA.
CHAPTER XXIV. BRIGGS' ADMINISTRATION.
Election of United States Senators -Second Meeting of the State Legisla- ture - Aid to Railroads - Legislation - State University - Hungarian Settlement, 198
CHAPTER XXV.
ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. HEMPSTEAD.
Statistics - Legislation -The Wet Season-Floods- Incidents and Anec- dotes of the Deluge in Iowa - Curious Remains - Wind and Rain, 204
CHAPTER XXVI. FORTS DES MOINES AND DODGE.
Camp Des Moines - Adventures - Battles - Encounters with the Indians - Gen. Mason - Fort Dodge, 213
CHAPTER XXVII. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. HEMPSTEAD.
Fourth Session of the State Legislature - Statistics - Election - Immigra- tion - Progress of Settlements, 219
CHAPTER XXVIII. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. GRIMES.
Fifth Session of the State Legislature - Indian Outbreak - Governor's Mes- sages - Special Session - Its Work -Events of 1854-5, - - 225
CHAPTER XXIX.
ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. ORIMES.
Sixth Session of the State Legislature - Statistics - Legislation, - 231
CHAPTER XXX. ADMINISTRATION OF GOV. LOWE.
Seventh Session of the State Legislature -Gov. Grimes' Last Message- State Institutions - Indian Troubles - Slavery, 235
CHAPTER XXXI. DES MOINES RIVER IMPROVEMENT, 242
CHAPTER XXXII.
GOV. KIRKWOOD'S ADMINISTRATION.
Gov. Lowe's Last Message - Eelection of United States Senator - Extra Ses- sion in May, 1861 - Gov. Kirkwood's Message-The Civil War - War Measures, - 264
13
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXXIII. IOWA IN TRE WAR.
First Regiment - Regimental History - Statistics of Officers, etc. - Cavalry Statistics, 273
CHAPTER XXXIV.
IOWA IN THE WAR.
Kirkwood's Administration - His Message of January, 1862- State Institu- tions -War Measures and their Operation - Kirkwood's Reelection - The Election Contest - Legislation -Laws of the Ninth Session, 283
CHAPTER XXXV. JOWA IN THE WAR.
Kirkwood's Second Term -Extra Session of the Legislature in 1862 - Laws Passed - Governor's Message- Election of 1863- Regimental History for 1862- Cavalry and Battery Sketches, 298
CHAPTER XXXVI. IOWA IN THE WAR.
Regimental History - Condensed History of Iowa in the War for the Union, - - 312
CHAPTER XXXVII. GOV. STONE'S ADMINISTRATION.
Last Message of Gov. Kirkwood -Summary of War Statistics - State Mat- ters - Election Canvass-Laws of the Tenth General Assembly - Elec- tion Notes, 320
CHAPTER XXXVIII. IOWA IN THE WAR.
Regimental History of 1864 - Legislature of 1866 - Gov. Stone's Message of 1866- Financial Statistics - Election Canvass - Election of Stone - Eelection of United States Senator -General Legislation, - 326
CHAPTER XXXIX.
GOV. STONE'S ADMINISTRATION.
The Des Moines Convention - The National Union Party - Elections, 339
CHAPTER XL.
GOV. MERRILL'S ADMINISTRATION.
Inauguration - Message of Gov. Merrill - Legislation - Amendment of the Constitution - United States Electors for Grant - Merrill's Second Term - Wright Elected Senator - Sketch of Legislation during Gov. Merrill's Second Term - Election in 1870 - Election of 1871, - 344
14
TUTTLE'S HISTORY OF IOWA.
CHAPTER XLI. GOV. CARPENTER'S ADMINISTRATION.
Last Message of Gov. Merrill - Statistics from the Governor's Message - Carpenter's Election - Legislation - Presidential Election - Events of 1872-3- General Assembly of 1873 - Election of Judges, 356
CHAPTER XLII. GOV. CARPENTER'S ADMINISTRATION.
Railroad Legislation - Election of 1874 - Litigation - Election of 1875, 369
CHAPTER XLIII. OFFICIAL DIRECTORY OF IOWA.
Territorial Officers - State Officers - Members of Congress from the Organ- ization of the Civil Government to the Present Time, 1875, 374
CHAPTER XLIV. STATE INSTITUTIONS.
Iowa State Capitol - State Agricultural Society - Agricultural College -The State Prison, - 382
CHAPTER XLV.
STATE INSTITUTIONS. (continued.)
The Iowa State University - Historical and Descriptive Sketch - The De- partments -Terms and Conditions - Other Institutions, - 391
CHAPTER XLVI.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
Sketch of the Public School System of Iowa-Statistics -Growth in Pros- perity, - 405 -
CHAPTER XLVII.
SKETCHES OF COUNTIES.
The Agricultural, Mineral, Educational and Manufacturing Resources and Developments of the State of Iowa by Counties, and Notes and Statistics of the leading cities, 409-666
Adair, -
409
Bremer,
433
Adams,
-
411 Buchanan,
436
Allamakee,
414 Buena Vista, -
442
Appanoose,
416 Butler.
444
Audubon,
418 Calhoun,
446
Benton, .
420
Carroll,
447
- Black Haw
423
Cass, -
450
Boone,
429 Cedar,
- 452
15
CONTENTS.
Cerro Gordo, -
454 |
Lucas,
568
Cherokee,
457
Lyon, -
572
Chickasaw,
459
Madison,
573
Clarke,
463
Mahaska,
577
Clayton,
465
Marion, -
580
Clinton,
470
Marshall,
584
Crawford,
474
Mills,
587
Dallas,
476
Mitchell,
591
Davis,
478
Monona, -
595
Decatur, -
481
Monroe,
598
-Delaware,
483
Montgomery,
601
Des Moines,
488
Muscatine,
604
Dickinson,
490
O'Brien,
609
Dubuque,
492
Osceola,
610
Emmett,
498
Page,
611
Fayette, -
499
Palo Alto,
613
Floyd,
502
Plymouth,
614
Franklin,
507
Pocahontas,
616
Fremont,
510
Polk,
.
617
Greene,
515
Pottawattamie,
622
Grundy,
519
Poweshiek,
627
Guthrie,
521
Ringgold, 630
631
Hancock,
527
Scott, -
632
Hardin,
528
Shelby,
636
Harrison,
533
Sioux,
637
Henry,
536
Story,
638
Howard, -
537
Tama,
640
Humboldt,
539
Taylor,
642
Ida,
540
Union, -
644
Iowa, -
541
Van Buren,
646
Jackson, -
544
Wapello,
650
Jasper,
548
Warren, -
654
Jefferson,
552
Washington, .
656
Johnson,
553
Wayne,
657
Jones,
556
Webster,
659
-Keokuk,
558
Winnebago,
661
Kossuth, .
560
Winneshiek, -
661
Lee,
561 Woodbury,
662
Linn,
564
Worth,
663
Louisa,
567 Wright, -
.
664
Hamilton,
524
Sac,
CHAPTER XLVIII. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
Biographiea' Sketches of the Leading Men of Iowa, of the Past and the Pres- ent, 666-732
16
TUTTLE'S HISTORY OF IOWA.
Chief Justice Miller,
667 Rev. Stephen H. Taft, 708
Hon. D. C. Bloomer,
668
Hon. B. F. Gue, 710
Amelia Bloomer,
669
Capt. E. Cummins, 711
Hon. James Grant, -
670
Hon. Austin Adams, 712
Gen. Jonathan Emerson Fletcher, 670 Col. Nathan Boone, 671
Theodore S. Parvin,
672
Serranus Clinton Hastings,
673
Hon. Philip Viele, -
673
Isaac Mosher Preston, - 715
Gov. Robert Lucas,
674
Ezekiel E. Cooley, - 716
Gen. John Edwards,
676
Hon. Clabourne C. Wilson, 718
Gen. James A. Williamson,
Col. John A. Garrett,
677
Hon Martin Luther Edwards, 719 Hon. Edward Gee Miller, 719
Hon. Chas. Negus,
678
Dr. Edward H. Hazen, - 719
Theodore W. Barhydt, 720
Prof. D. Franklin Wells,
680
Roderick Rose, - 720
Gov. Samuel J. Kirkwood, -
Col. John Q. Wild,
681
Lawrence McCarty, - 720
Gen. Marcellus Monroe Crocker,
681 682
Daniel M. Miller, 721
Maj. Gen. T. J. Herron,
682
Gen. Wm. Vandever,
684
Hon. Geo. W. MeCrary, 722
Brig. Gen. James M. Tuttle,
685
John J. Bell, 722
Antoine Le Claire, -
685
Robt. Alex. Sankey, - 723
Geo. L. Davenport, Esq., . 686
687
Benj. B. Woodward, 723
Willard Barrows, Esq.,
687
Presley Saunders, 723
Col. D. S. Wilson, -
687
Wm. R. Smith, 724
Brig. Gen. Benj. Stone Roberts,
688
James J. Folerton,
724
Hon. G. C. R. Mitchell,
689
Orson Rice, - 725
Capt. Hosea B. Horn,
689
John B. Glenn, - 725
Brig. Gen. Samuel A. Rice,
690
Julius K. Grover, 725
Gen. G. M. Dodge, 691
604
Hon. John A. Kasson, 726
Hon. Smiley H. Bonham,
695
Hon. C. C. Cole, 728
Geo. L. Brooks, 695
Hon. Geo. G. Wright, 729
George E. Clarke, 696
696
Hon. Cyrus Clay Carpenter, 730
Hon. Samuel Merrill, 697
George W. Cleveland, 699
George B. Smyth, 701
704
Hon. Caleb Baldwin, 732
Hon. John Russell, · 732
Lauren Fletcher Ellsworth, - 705
Col. Warren S. Dungan, 706
Asa Horr, M. D., 712
Hon. Joseph Barris Young, 713
Joseph R. Standley, M. D., 714
H. E. J. Boardman, - 715
Hon. Joseph C. Knapp, 718
Gov. John Chambers, · 679
677
Prof. Geo. F. Magoun, 720
Maj. Gen. S. R. Curtis,
683
Hon. Aylett R. Cotton, 721
James Harvey Greene, - 722
Dennis A. Cooley, 723
Hon. Hiram Price,
James L. Langworthy,
Peter Kiene, 726
Hon. Napoleon B. Moore,
Hon. Caleb H. Booth, 728
Hon. J. B. Grinnell, 729
Hon. Charles Henry Lewis,
Gen. W. W. Belknap, 731
Hon. Alonzo Abernethy, 731
Michael Donahue, -
690
A. W. Cook, 721
Gen. Cyrus Bussey, -
676
.
2
HISTORY OF IOWA.
CHAPTER I.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION.
Surface, Soil, Geology, Minerals - Climate, Productions - Rivers, Lakes - Beauty of Scenery, etc.
THE SURFACE of the state of Iowa is remarkably uniform. There are no mountains, and yet but little of the surface is level or flat. "The whole state presents a succession of gentle eleva- tions and depressions, with some bold and picturesque bluffs along the principal streams. The western portion of the state is generally more elevated than the eastern, the northwestern part being the highest. Nature could not have provided a more per- fect system of drainage, and, at the same time, leave the country so completely adapted to all the purposes of agriculture."* The state is drained by two systems of streams running at right angles with each other. The rivers that flow into the Mississippi run from the northwest to the southeast, while those of the other sys- tem flow toward the southwest, and empty into the Missouri.+ The former drain about three-fourths of the surface of the state ; the latter, the remaining one-fourth. Ine water-shed dividing the two systems of streams represents the highest portion of the state, and gradually descends as one follows its course from north- west to southeast. "Low water mark in the Missouri river at Council Bluffs is about 425 feet above low water mark in the Mississippi at Davenport. At the crossing of the summit, or water
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