USA > Iowa > An illustrated history of the state of Iowa, being a complete civil, political, and military history of the state, from its first exploration down to 1875; > Part 20
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CHAPTER XXXIII.
IOWA IN TIJE WAR.
First Regiment - Regimental History - Statistics of Officers, etc. - Cavalry Statistics.
THE PROGRESS of the last chapter brings us fairly into the war record of Iowa. We have seen how promptly the legislature pro- vided the ways and means to place Iowa in the front rank of loyal states in the great contest. We may now observe the oper- ations of the plans adopted.
The record made during the remaining part of the year 1861 is given in the adjutant general's report for that year. We are informed through this report that up to Dec. 31, 1861, sixteen regiments had been organized under various requisitions from the president and orders from the war department. There were three cavalry regiments in the field, and a fourth at Mount Pleas- ant. There were three batteries of light artillery ; making an ag. gregate of 19,105 men furnished by the state for the U. S. mili- tary service. In addition, there was also a company known as the Sioux City mounted rifles, that did excellent service on the northwestern frontier, and there had been also organized and mustered into the United States service an efficient corps called the Sioux City cavalry, designed for frontier service. One regi- ment was organized under the order of the governor, of the volunteer militia of the state, known as the first regiment of the western division of the Iowa volunteer militia, which was com- inanded by Col. John R. Morledge of Page county. The first regiment of volunteer infantry was composed of companies en- rolled from the counties of Muscatine, Johnson, Des Moines, Hen- ry, Dubuque and Linn. The total number of enlisted men in this department including field and staff officers was 959. These
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men were mustered into the service of the United States at Keo- kuk, May 14, 1861, under the proclamation of the president, bear- ing date April 15, 1861, and ordered into quarters on the 18th of April. This regiment was officered as follows: John F. Bates. colonel ; Wm. H. Merritt, lieutenant colonel ; Asbury B. Porter, major ; Wm. H. White, surgeon ; H. Reichenbach, assistant sur- geon ; Geo. W. Waldron, adjutant ; Theo. Guelich, quartermas- ter : I. Q. Fuller, chaplain.
This regiment took an active part at the battle of Wilson's Creek near Springfield, Mo., on the 10th of August, 1861, with considerable loss in killed and wounded.
The second regiment was composed of companies from the counties of Lee, Scott, Polk, Jefferson, Van Buren, Davis, Wash- ington, Clinton and Wapello. The total number of enlisted men in the regiment in 1861 was 992. The following men were the original officers : Sam'l R. Curtis, colonel; James M. Tuttle, lieutenant colonel ; M. M. Crocker, major; N. P. Chipman, ad- jutant; W. R. Wells, surgeon, and W. W. Nassau, assistant sur- geon. There were a number of changes caused by the promotion of Col. Curtiss to be a brigadier general. This regiment after leaving the state were stationed at Bird's Point and vicinity, and subsequently at Benton Barracks, at St. Louis, under the com- mand of Col. Tuttle. They had suffered from diseases incident to the climate. They had not been in any general engagements, but had seen several skirmishes. Since they entered the service they had been engaged in guarding@bridges and railroads, and made some laborious marches.
The third regiment was made up of companies from the coun- ties of Dubuque, Marion, Clayton, Winneshiek, Story, Fayette, Warren, Mahaska and Black Hawk. Most of the companies were ordered into quarters by the governor, in May and June, 1861, and mustered into the service of the United States by Lieut. Chambers, U. S. A., at Keokuk, in the early part of June. The original number of men was 960. The officers of the regiment at its organization were: N. G. Williams, colonel ; John Scott, lieutenant colonel ; Wm. M. Stone, major ; Geo. W. Clark, quar termaster ; Fitzroy Sessions, adjutant : T. O. Edwards, surgeon ; D. M. Cool, assistant surgeon ; P. H. Jacob, chaplain.
CROSSCUP & WEST-SC. PHILA.
Dra Stockwell"
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The regiment leaving the state proceeded to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, and were stationed in Missouri during the year. They took part in the battle at Blue Mills Landing, on September 17, 1861, and suffered severely in killed and wounded.
The fourth regiment was composed of companies from the counties of Mills, Pottawattomie, Guthrie, Decatur, Polk, Madi- son, Ringgold, Union, Wayne, and Page. Attached to and a part of the regiment was Dodge's battery of light artillery. They were mustered into the service of the United States by Lieut. Merrill, in the month of April, 1861. The number of the volun teers at that time was 903. The regiment was officered as fol- lows : Grenville M. Dodge, colonel ; John Gallagan, lieutenant col- onel; Wm. R. English, major ; J. A. Williamson, adjutant ; M. W. Robbins, surgeon ; W. S. Grimes, assistant surgeon ; T. M. Good- fellow, chaplain. The regiment was stationed at Rolla, Mis- souri, in November 1865. The regiment received no clothing until September.
The fifth rigiment was made up of companies organized in the counties of. Cedar, Jasper, Louisa, Marsh all, Buchanan, Keo- kuk, Benton, Van Buren, Jackson, Alamakee. Number of origi- nal enlisted men 903. The companies were organized in June 1861, and were mustered into the service of the United States on and near the 15th of July by Lieut. Alex. Chambers, U. S. A., at Burlington. The following were the original officers : Wm. H. Worthington, colonel ; Chas. L. Matthias, lieutenant colonel ; Wm. S. Robertson, major; J. P. Foley, adjutant; Chas. Rawson, surgeon ; P. A. Carpenter, assistant surgeon ; A. D. Madeira, chap- lain. The regiment was stationed at Springfield, Missouri, in the fall of 1861.
The sixth regiment was composed of companies from the coun- ties of Linn, Monroe, Henry, Lucas, Clarke, Harden, Johnson, Appanoose, Lee, and Des Moines, and were mustered into the United States service at Burlington the middle of July, 1861, by Lieut. Alex. Chambers, U. S. A .. The original number of en- listed men, 855. The field and staff officers when organized were : John A. McDowell, colonel; Markoe Cummins, lieutenant colonel ; John M. Corse, major : W. H. Harlan, adjutant; A. T. Shaw, surgeon ; J. E. Lake, assistant surgeon ; John Ufford,
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chaplain ; J. Brunaugh, quartermaster. The regiment on leav ing the state proceeded to St. Louis, and was stationed at Spring- field, Missouri, during the fall of 1861.
The seventh regiment was formed of companies organized in the counties of Muscatine, Chickasaw, Mahaska, Lee, Wapello, Iowa and Washington. The whole number of men was 884. The companies were sworn into the United States service at Bur- lington by Lieut. Chambers, with the following field and staff offi- cers. Jacob G. Lauman, colonel ; Aug. Wentz, lieutenant colonel (killed at the battle of Belmont); Elliot W. Rice, major ; Daniel F. Bowler, adjutant; Amos Witter, surgeon ; Asa Morgan, assistant surgeon ; J. Harvey Clark, chaplain, and S. E. Forsha, quar- termaster.
This regiment left for St. Louis, and from thence to a position three miles above Belmont, and participated in the battle at Bel- mont, November 7, 1861, in which engagement the regiment had killed, 51 ; died of wounds, 3; missing, 10 ; prisoners, 39 ; wounded, 124 ; total, 227. Lieut. Colonel Wentz was killed, and the colonel and major were severely wounded. On the 16th of November, the regiment removed to St. Louis and encamped at Benton Bar- racks.
The eighth regiment was composed of companies organized in the counties of Clinton, Scott, Washington, Benton, Marion, Keo- kuk, Iowa, Mahaska, Monroe and Louisa, and were mustered into the government service at Davenport by Lieut. Chambers in September 1861, and consisted of 922 enlisted men at the organ- ization of the regiment. The following were the field and staff offi- cers : Frederic Steele, colonel ; Jas. L. Geddes, lieutenant colonel ; J. C. Fergerson, major ; Geo. H. Mclaughlin, adjutant; W. M. McCollough, quartermater ; Jas. Irwin, surgeon ; G. H. Noyes, assistant surgeon, and C. G. Vandeveer, chaplain. The regiment removed from the state to St. Louis, and was stationed at Spring- field until the 16th of November, 1861.
The ninth regiment was formed of companies recruited in the counties of Jackson, Jones, Dubuque, Clayton, Fayette, Black Hawk, Winnesheik and Linn, and were mustered into service at Dubuque, in the month of September, 1861, by Capt. C. Wash- ington, U. S. A., having at that time 937 enlisted men. It was
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officered as follows: Wm. Vandever, colonel ; Frank G. Herron, lieutenant colonel ; Wm. H. Coyle, major ; Wm. Scott, adjutant ; Benj. McClure, surgeon ; H. W. Hart, assistant surgeon, and A. B. Kendig, chaplain. The regiment were employed in Mis- souri. Five companies were stationed at Pacific, Mo., at the Rolla branch of the Pacific Railroad ; the remainder of the regi- ment were in the vicinity in detachments, and engaged guarding railroad bridges. The Dubuque battery of light artillery, which formed a part of the regiment, was detached Oct. 10, 1861, and stationed at Benton Barracks, St. Louis.
The tenth regiment was made up of companies formed in various parts of the state, particularly of the counties of Polk, Warren, Tama, Boone, Washington, Powesheik, Green, Johnson, Jackson, Madison and Polk, and were mustered into the United States service in the month of September, 1861, at Iowa City, by Capt. Alex. Chambers, U. S. A., and had 868 men on the roll when organized. The following were the field and staff officers : Nich- olas Perczel, colonel ; Wm. E. Small, lieutenant colonel ; John C. Bennett, major; Thos. W. Jackson, adjutant ; Wm. P. Davis, surgeon ; Andrew J. Willey, assistant surgeon ; D. W. Tolford, chaplain ; Mahlon Head, quartermaster. The regiment removed to Missouri, and was stationed in November at Cape Girardeau, engaged in working on the fortifications in and around that place. On the 14th of November, they removed to Bird's Point and were stationed there.
The eleventh regiment was made up of companies formed in the counties of Muscatine, Hardin, Marshall, Jones, Louisa, Cedar, Washington, Henry, Clinton and Linn. The regiment was composed of 905 enlisted men. The men were mustered into the United States service at Davenport, in the month of October, 1861. The officers of the regiment were Abram M. Hare, colo- nel ; Wm. Hall, lieutenant colonel ; John C. Abercrombie, major ; Cornelius Cadle, quartermaster ; Wm. Watson, surgeon; Fred. Lloyd, assistant surgeon ; J. S. Whittlesey, chaplain. The regi- ment left the state for St. Louis, and was at Jefferson City in December, 1861.
The twelfth regiment was composed of companies enlisted in the counties of Harden, Alamakee, Fayette, Linn, Black Hawk,
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IOWA IN THE WAR.
Delaware, Winneshiek, Dubuque and Jackson, and were mus- tered into the United States service at Dubuque, by Capt. C. Washington, in the month of October, 1861, and contained at the time of the organization of the regiment 914 men, at which time the following officers were in command : Jackson J. Wood, colo- nel ; J. P. Coulter, lieutenant colonel; S. D. Brodtbeek, major ; N. E. Duncan, adjutant; Jos. B. Dorr, quartermaster ; C. C. Par- ker, surgeon; W. H. Finley, assistant surgeon; A. G. Eber- hardt, chaplain. The regiment proceeded to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, at which place they were stationed to the close of the year 1861.
The thirteenth regiment was composed of companies enlisted in the counties of Linn, Lucas, Scott, Story, Benton, Jasper, Keo- kuk, Polk, Marshall and Washington, and were sworn into the government service at Davenport, by Capt. A. Chambers, U. S. A., in the month of September, 1861, the number of enlisted men being at that time, 920. The field and staff officers were : M. M. Crocker, colonel ; M. M. Price, lieutenant colonel ; John Shane, major; Wm. T. Clark, adjutant ; H. G. Barnes, quarter- master ; Jos. McKee, surgeon, and J. H. Boucher, assistant sur- geon.
The regiment left the state for St. Louis and was at Jefferson City at the close of the year, 1861.
The fourteenth regiment was formed of companies organized in the counties of Johnson, Jones, Des Monies, Tama, Cerro Gordo, Henry and Jasper, and mustered into the government service at Iowa City and Davenport in the months of October and Nov- ember, 1861. The strength of the regiment at that time was 878 men. The field and staff officers were, Wm. T. Shaw, colonel; Edward W. Lucas, lieutenant colonel; H. Leonard, major ; Noah H. Tyner, adjutant ; C. C. Buell, quartermaster; G. M. Staples, surgeon ; S. N. Pierce, assistant surgeon, and S. A. Ben- ton, chaplain.
The regiment moved from the state to Benton barracks, St. Louis, and were stationed there to the close of the year 1861.
The fifteenth regiment was organized at Keokuk, and was com- posed of companies from the counties of Clinton, Polk, Mahaska, Wapello, Lee, Mills, Fremont, Marion, Warren, Pottawatomie,
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Harrison, Clarke and Van Buren, and were mustered into the United States service by Capt. C. C. Smith, at Keokuk, in the month of November, 1861. The officers of the regiment when organized were, Hugh T. Reid, colonel ; Wm. Dewey, lieutenant colonel ; W. W. Belknap, major; Geo. Pomutz, adjutant ; J. M. Hedrick, quartermaster ; Wm. H. Barnham, surgeon; Wm. H. Gibbon, assistant surgeon, and Wm. W. Eastabrook, chaplain. The regiment was at Keokuk until the close of the year 1861.
The sixteenth regiment was organized and enrolled in the coun- ties of Clinton, Scott, Muscatine, Boone, Dubuque, Linn, Benton, and Polk. A portion of the regiment were mustered into the gov- ernment service at Davenport, Keokuk and St. Louis, in the month of December, 1861 and January, 1862. The field and staff officers were, Alex. Chambers, colonel ; Addison H. Sanders, lieutenant colonel ; Wm. Purcell, major ; Josiah L. Phillips, assist- ant surgeon ; Geo. E. McCosh, acting adjutant, and C. E. Fracker, acting quartermaster. The regiment proceeded to Benton bar- racks, and were at that place in January, 1862. The first cavalry regiment was formed of companies enrolled in the counties of Lee, Clinton, Des Moines, Warren, Madison, Henry, Johnson, Wash- ington, Dubuque, Harden, Black Hawk, Jones, Delaware, Mon- roe, Wapello, Keokuk, Clayton, Jackson. The companies were mustered into the United States service at Burlington in July and August, 1861. The regiment numbered 1043 when organized. The following is a list of field and staff officers : Fitz Henry War- ren, colonel ; Chas. E. Moss, lieutenant colonel ; E. W. Chamber- lain, Jas. O. Gower and W. M. G. Torrence, 1st, 2d and 3d major ; J. C. Stone, adjutant; M. L. Morris, quartermaster ; M. B. Coachran, surgeon ; D. B. Allen, assistant surgeon ; J. W. Latham, chaplain ; D. E. Kerr, J. M. Bryan and H. K. Rob- inson, 2d lieutenants and adjutants, 1st, 2d and 3d battalions ; J. Lundes, C. A. Case and W. A. Muzzy, quartermasters 1st, 2d and 3d battalions. The regiment was ordered to St. Louis about the first of October, 1861, and on the 15th the whole regiment was encamped at Benton barracks, St. Louis. Eight companies were ordered into the interior of the state, a portion being retained at Jefferson City, and the remainder going further west to operate against the guerrilla bands, which then infested that region.
CROSSCUP & WEST-SC.PHILA
e
B. B. Woodward.
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TUTTLE'S HISTORY OF IOWA.
The second cavalry regiment was enrolled in the counties of Muscatine, Marshall, Scott, Polk, Hamilton, Harrison, Wright, Johnson, Delaware, Linn, Dubuque, Jones, Lee, Des Moines, and Jackson, and was ordered into quarters by the governor in the month of August, 1861, and mustered into the United States ser- vice in September. The number of enlisted men at the organiza- tion was 1035. The list of staff and field officers is as follows : Washington L. Elliott, colonel ; Edward Hatch, lieutenant colonel ; Wm. P. Hepburn, Datus E. Coon, and Hiram W. Love, majors ; W. B. Blaney, quartermaster; Chas. F. Marden, adjutant; Geo. Reeder, surgeon ; George H. Noyes, assistant surgeon, and C. G. Truesdell, chaplain. The regiment proceeded to St. Louis and encamped at Benton barracks until the beginning of the year, 1862.
The third cavalry was organized from companies formed in the counties of Davis, Van Buren, Lee, Decatur, Jefferson, Appa- noose and Marion, and was composed of 1088 men. The field and staff officers were as follows : Cyrus Bussey, colonel ; Henry H. Trimble, lieutenant colonel ; C. H. Perry, H. C. Caldwell, and W. C. Drake, majors; J. W. Noble, adjutant ; D. L. McGugin, surgeon ; C. C. Biser, assistant surgeon ; P. P. Ingalls, chaplain. The regiment was mustered into the United States service at Keokuk the latter part of October and November, 1861, by Capt. A. Chambers, and proceeded to St. Louis and was there to the close of the year 1861.
The fourth cavalry was formed from companies enlisted in the counties of Fremont, Delaware, Henry, Madison, Chickasaw, Lee. Wapello, Poweshiek and Des Moines. Its numeral force, when organized, was 1010. The regiment was mustered into the government service at Mt. Pleasant, in November, 1861, by Capt. A. Chambers. The officers were, Asbury B. Porter, colonel ; Thos. Drummond, lieutenant colonel ; Simeon Swan, Jos. E. Jew- ett, and Geo. A. Stone, majors ; Geo. W. Waldron, adjutant; T. P. Lauffer, quartermaster; A. W. McClure, surgeon ; Wellington Bird, assistant surgeon, and A. J. Kirkpatrick, chaplain.
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CHAPTER XXXIV.
IOWA IN THE WAR.
Kirkwood's Administration - His Message of January, 1862 - State Institu- tions- War Measures and their Operation- Kirkwood's Reelection - The Election Contest - Legislation - Laws of the Ninth Session.
THE NINTH general assembly of Iowa convened at Des Moines on the 13th of January, 1862. The senate was called to order by Lieut. Gov. Rusch, president, and W. F. Davis, elected permanent secretary ; and the house of representatives was permanently or- ganized by the election of Hon. Rush Clark, speaker, and Charles Aldrich, chief clerk. Gov. Kirkwood soon after sent to each branch of the general assembly, his annual message. This docu- ment gives a full account of the business of the state government for the previous two years, including the part taken by the au- thorities in furnishing troops and sending them on to the seat of war to put down the rebellion during 1861. I take extensive extracts from this valuable state document.
He said: "The expenditures of the two last years for all state purposes have been about $300,000, for each year. This includes both ordinary and extraordinary expenditures; the amounts ex- pended for the insane asylum, the penitentiary, the blind asylum at Vinton, the printing of the revised statutes, and other extraor- dinary objects, as well as the amounts expended in carrying on the ordinary operations of the state government. The expendi- ture has not in any case been permitted to exceed the appropria- tion, and is materially less both for the penitentiary and insane asylum, and has in all cases that have come under my observa- tion been carefully and economically made. In my judgment, there is not another state in the Union in which the protection of government is extended to as large a population, so widely scat- (283)
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tered, more economically than in our own. But while this is true, it is equally true that our finances are not in a healthy condition. The report of the auditor of state discloses the somewhat startling fact that of the state tax for 1860, and preceding years, there was at the date of his report (the 4th day of November, 1861), delin- quent and unpaid the large sum of about $400,000 - a sum more than sufficient to cover the entire expenses of our state govern- ment for one year. This large delinquency has occurred mainly within the last four years, and the same report shows there were at the same date warrants drawn on the treasury to the amount of $103,645, which were unpaid for want of funds, most of which were drawing interest at the rate of eight per cent. per annum.
"From these facts the following conclusions are inevitable: 1. That during the last four years there has been levied a state tax larger by about $300,000, than the necessities of the state required. 2. That this was rendered necessary by the fact that only a por- tion of our people paid the tax due the state. 3. That the state has been compelled yearly to pay large sums by way of interest on warrants which need not have been paid had the taxes been collected promptly and the treasury kept supplied with funds to meet all demands upon it. 4. That the state, being compelled to purchase its supplies with warrants, has had to pay higher prices than if it had had the cash to pay. 5. That the tax-pay- ing portion of our people have thus been compelled to pay not only their proper share of the public burthens, but also the share of those who did not pay their taxes, increased by interest and high prices. These things should not be so. They reflect dis- credit not only on those of our citizens who seck to avoid their just share of those burthens which are imposed upon all for the benefit of all, but also upon the laws which permit them to do so with impunity. I therefore very earnestly recommend to your attention a careful examination of our revenue laws for the pur- pose of ascertaining if they can be made more effective in enforc- ing the prompt payment of taxes.
" In some particulars, the expenses of the state may be materi- ally less for the next than for the last two years. The appropria- tion of $19,500 for the revised statutes was temporary, and will not be again required. The amount appropriated for past in-
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debtedness of the penitentiary, $38,500, has nearly paid that in- debtedness, and but a nominal sum will be needed for that pur- pose. The amount appropriated for the general support of the prison has been so well managed that the amount thereof unex- pended is deemed by the warden sufficient for the next two years, so that the amount of $35,000, appropriated at the last regular session for that purpose, need not be renewed in whole or in part. Of the amount of $75,000, appropriated at the last session for finishing and furnishing the center and east wing of the insane asylum, about $18,000 remain unexpended, which balance, with $20,000 now asked for, is deemed sufficient to complete the whole building. So that the appropriation needed for construction ac- count in that institution may be $55,000 less than at the last ses- sion. The Blind Asylum at Vinton is now under cover and not liable to injury from the weather, and if you should deem it ad- visable not to make any appropriation for its present completion, $10,000 may be deducted from the amount of the appropriation of the present session as compared with that of the last. There has been paid, during the past two years, to agricultural societies the sum of about $18,000. If you think it advisable to with- hold any appropriation for this purpose for the next two years, this sum may be saved. The foregoing sums, amounting in the aggregate to $176,000, are the expenditures for the objects named for two years, and, if withheld, will be a saving of $88,000 per annum from the amount of state taxes. This amount, I doubt not, may be increased by a careful examination of our state ex- penditures and strict economy, to $100,000, and if a proportion- ate reduction of county and township expenses can be made, the entire amount of the tax required by the general government can be raised without increasing our present taxation. I commend the matter to your most earnest and careful examination.
" The report of the adjutant general, herewith submitted, shows the number and description of troops raised in this state for United States service to be sixteen regiments of infantry, four of cavalry, three batteries of artillery, and one independent company of cavalry for frontier service. Of these, the fifteenth and six- teenth regiments of infantry are not fully organized. In addition, Co.1 Koch and Col. Rankin are engaged in raising regiments of
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infantry, which, if completed, will make the seventeeth and eighteenth regiments of that arm of the service.
" It is a matter of much gratification to me that our state has thus promptly responded to the demands made upon it by the United States for aid in this perilous crisis of our country's his- tory, and it is also a matter of great pride to me that the troops of our state, whether tried in the exhausting service of the camp, the march, or in the fiery ordeal of the battle-field, have never been found wanting, but have, by their cheerful endurance of unaccus- tomed hardship and their indomitable valor, won for themselves and our state a name which may well cause us to feel an honest pride in claiming, in any part of our broad land, that our homes are in Iowa.
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