USA > Iowa > Johnson County > History of Johnson County, Iowa, containing a history of the county, and its townships, cities and villages from 1836 to 1882 > Part 43
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The Fameuse has surpassed all other varieties in productiveness, many of the trees being heavily loaded. The next in order of fruitfulness were Grimes' Golden, Willow Twig, Maiden's Blush, Lowell and Janet. The price has ranged from fifty cents for summer and early fall sorts, to $1.60 per bushel for winter varieties, and at the latter price, there are now but few apples in the market. [December 20.]"
CYRUS SANDERS' REPORT.
In 1858 Cyrus Sanders, of Iowa City, wrote to the fruit committee of the State fair, as follows:
"I have been cultivating fruit in Iowa seventeen years, and have suc- ceeded best with the following sorts of the apple (all things considered): Early Red, Maiden's Blush, Yellow Bellflower, Red Astrachan, Daniel Apple, Fameuse, or Snow, Genitan, Red June, Red Stripe, Early Har- vest, Summer Queen, White Pippin and Vandevere, all hardy trees, good bearers and good fruits. My orchard is situated on a northern slope of prairie, and is surrounded, except on the east, with timber, and has not been injured by the winters, except in 1855-6 and '56-7, and then the old trees were most affected; but I have not failed in a crop of fruit since my trees commenced bearing."
365
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
FLOWERING OF FRUIT TREES FROM 1848 TO 1870.
YEARS.
Apples.
Peaches.
Cherries.
Plums.
Pears.
Quinces.
1848.
Apr. 23. |Apr. 16. [Apr. 18. Apr. 21.
1849
May
3. May
5. May
2. May 4.
1850
May 3.
May 1.
May
1. May
4.
1851
May 3.
May
1.
May
1. Apr. 29.
1852
May 10. May 10. May
5. May
1.
May
5.
5.
1854.
Apr.
24.
Apr. 20.
Apr.
22. |Apr. 21.
Apr. 20.
Apr. 24.
1856
May 12.
May 10. Mav
9. May 12.
May 15. May 12.
1857
May
12.
May
S. May
6. May
S.
May 12. May 10.
1858.
May
4.
May
1. May
1.
May 10. May
1. May
ɔ̃ .
1859
May
4. May
2.
Apr. 30. Apr. 30.
May 2. May
S.
1860
Mav
S. May
4. May
6.
May 7.
|May
3. Mav
5.
1861
May
1.
Apr. 25.
Apr. 23.
Apr. 24.
1862
May
12.
May
6.
May
9.
1863
May
3.
Mav
1.
Apr. 27.
Apr. 30. May
1. May 10.
1864
May 10. May
S.
May
4. Mav
7. May
S. May 17.
1865
May
3.
May
1. Apr. 27.
May
1. May
1. May 10.
1866
May 24.
May 20. May 17.
May 14. May 16. May 25.
1867
May 18.
May 18.
May 14.
May 12. May 16.
1868
May 10.
May
-1
May 6.
May
4. May
9.
1869
May
5.
Apr. 30. May
3. May
1.
1870
Mar
5. May 2. Apr. 27. Apr. 25. Apr. 23.
LAND VALUES BY TOWNSHIPS. June 6, 1867, the following equalization of land per acre was made:
Graham township's av. assessed value per acre, $6.6612 add
5 per cent.
Big Grove
6.2912 add
5 per cent.
Union
5.64
add
5 per cent.
Fremont
5.194 as it is.
Madison
66
66
66
66
5.901% add
5 per cent.
Pleasant Valley
S.1514 as it is.
Hardin
66
66
66
3.7312 add
20 per cent.
Monroe
66
66
4.7878 add
5 per cent.
Oxford
4.87
add
5 per cent.
Sharon
66
66
14.84
add
10 per cent.
Jefferson
6.34
as it is.
Clear Creek
5.96
add
5 per cent.
Cedar
66
6.56
add
5 per cent.
Liberty
7.90
deduct 10 per cent.
Washington
66
6.51
deduct 5 per cent.
Newport
66
8.71
deduct 20 per cent.
Penn
66
66
66
7.75
deduct 10 per cent.
4.
Apr. 30. May
1. May
3. May
3. May
1853
May
29.
May
1.
May
1. May 10.
May 1. May 10.
Apr.
Scott
6:
S.818 deduct 5 per cent. 7.2812 as it is.
Iowa City
66
66
66
366
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
June 10, 1875: The board then proceeded to the equalization of the assessment of the several townships as required by section 832, Code of 1873, and it was ordered that the assessment be equalized as follows:
Big Grove township, add 10 per cent making average per acre $9.05; Cedar township, remain as returned, making average per acre $9.55; Clear Creek township, add 10 per cent, making average per acre $9.95; Fremont township, remain as returned, making average per acre $10.13; Graham township, add 8 per cent, making average per acre $11.20; Hardin township, add 10 per cent, making average per acre $8.80; Jeffer- son township, add 10 per cent, making average per acre $7.95; Liberty township, add 10 per cent, making average per acre $9.35; Lincoln town- ship, add 15 per cent. making average per acre $11.12: Lucas township, remain as returned, making average per acre $20.45; Madison township, add 12 per cent, making average per acre $9.85: Monroe township, remain as returned, making average per acre $8.98: Newport township, remain as returned, making average per acre $8.30; Oxford township, deduct + per cent, making average per acre $9.80; Penn township, add + per cent, making average per acre $10.55; Pleasant Valley township, add 5 per cent, making average per acre $10.08; Scott township, add 7 per cent, making average per acre $11.56; Sharon township, remain as returned, making average per acre $11.20; Union township, add 25 per cent, making average per acre $9.93; Washington township, add 5 per cent, making average per acre $10.30; Coralville, corporate, add 20 per · cent: Iowa City, corporate, remain as returned.
THE BIRD QUESTION.
Those farmers or horticulturists who care to, study the question of what kinds of birds are beneficial and what kinds are crop stealers, will find a very valuable report on a long series of careful experiments by Miss M. J. Crossman, while a student in the State Agricultural College at Ames. Her report is published in the Transactions of the State Horticul- tural Society for 1881, Vol. 16, pp. 264 to 276. It is the most thorough work of the sort that has yet been done in Iowa, up to September 1, 1882, and is especially valuable to orchardists and small fruit growers, as well as to farmers generally.
BEE-KEEPING IN JOHNSON COUNTY.
From an article on his experience with bees, written by Rev. Oscar Clute, of Iowa City, for the Western Stock fournal and Farmer, of December, 1881, we quote a few passages which specially show what kinds of bloom occur in this region which serve for bee pasture, and their several seasons of blooming; and it also gives some figures of financial results in bee-farming :
"S. This year ' winter lingered long in the spring.' Great snow-banks were on my lawn until April 10. April 15 the bees, which for more than five months had been in the cellar, were set out. April 17 they began to bring in pollen. At a single bound the weather passed from winter to summer. The last half of April and all of May the weather was warm and clear. There was hardly a day on which the bees could not fly. The
367
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
spring bloom was profuse. Willows, elms, cottonwoods, boxelders, cherries, apples, raspberries opened in rapid succession and gave sufficient honey and pollen to keep up brood-rearing and to allow a little to be stored. Honey from raspberries had ceased but a short time before the earliest white clover was open. Soon the fields were covered with its starry car- pet of green and white, but it yielded honey only moderately. At no time during the season did it yield so largely as is sometimes reported. Linn gave an abundance of bloom and it seemed to yield honey, but sev- eral rainy and windy days kept the bees in the hives, and washed the honey from the bloom. It yielded but a moderate surplus. White clover continued to yield in small quantities after linn was gone, the season seem- ing to be prolonged by copious rains. After the middle of July the weather became dry, but the ground was so saturated that the clover continued to bloom for some time. The dry weather was severe and long-continued. Very little rain fell for six weeks. I had expected that there would be scarcely any fall bloom, and no fall honey worth mentioning. But the reverse was the case. We had a heavy flood in the Iowa river about July 12. The water swept everything before it. The bottom lands were cleaned of all crops and weeds. Then heartsease grew up in great pro- fusion. There were many acres of it. It began to yield soon after white clover ceased. The flow from it was not very copious, but it was steady Frosts held off for full a month longer than usual, and during this added month the days were mostly clear and warm.
"9. From the thirty colonies I increased to one hundred and forty. I took two thousand and five hundred pounds of honey, nearly all extracted. The honey is selling at 15 cents a pound. The crop is worth $375. The bees are worth $8 a colony, making the one hundred and ten colonies of increase worth $880: total, $1,255. My expenses for hives, frames, foun- dation, paint, labor and sundries were $305, giving a net gain of $950. My bees in the spring were worth $10 a colony or $300 for thirty colo- nies. The gain has therefore been 316 per cent."
368
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
CHAPTER VI .- PART 1.
Newspapers and Libraries-History of the "Iowa City Republican"-History of the "State Press"-Other Newspapers, etc .- History of the Masonic Library-Of the State Uni- versity Library -- Of the State Historical Society's Library -- State Librarians, Prof. Par- vin and Mrs. North.
THE IOWA CITY REPUBLICAN.
The Iowa Standard was started October 23, 1840, at Bloomington, [now Muscatine] by Wm. Crum and W. D. Bailey, as an organ of the whig party. Twenty-seven numbers of the paper were published at Bloomington, or till Thursday, April 29, 1841. This number contained the announcement of the death of President Harrison, and had all its column rules turned bottomjupwards, making sorrowful black lines, indica- tive of the nation's deep, sad mourning.
Mr. Crum had now become the sole proprietor, and had decided to move to Iowa City, and cast his fortunes with the rising young capital city of the newest territory. Accordingly the next number of the paper is called The Iowa City Standard, and is dated Iowa City, I. T., Thurs- day, June 10, 1841.
The press and types were hauled up from Muscatine by Ebenezer M. Adams, with his ox team, and the first printing office was located on Clin- ton street, in a building owned by Charles H. Berryhill.
In December, 1842, the paper was enlarged to six columns, assuming the motto,-"Principles and Men," in opposition to the democratic creed of "Principles, not Men." In August, 1842, Mr. A. P. Wood, a journeyman in the office, became associated in the editorial management of the paper. In June, 1843, it again suspended for a few weeks, owing, Mr. Crum told his patrons, to the "great difficulty experienced in collect- ing means for its maintenance."
In the presidential campaign of 1844, the Standard supported Clay and Freylinghuysen, the editor graciously acknowledging on November 20, that he was "candidly of the opinion" that Henry Clay was beaten. On December 26, 1844, Mr. Crum sold out his interest to Wood. Of the original proprietors, we lose sight of Mr. W. D. Bailey immediately upon his disposing of his interest. Mr. William Crum resided in Iowa City until his death.
About 1854, the late Hon. Rush Clark became temporarily the editor, although he was not yet twenty years of age. Mr. A. P. Wood, after managing the paper alone for a short time, associated with him Mr. W. Penn Clarke. The two continued to conduct the Standard until June 17, 1856, when it passed into the hands of Mr. Silas Foster. Col. Wood is now a resident of Dubuque, and is the author of the war history of Iowa,
369
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
in the earlier pages of this volume. Mr. W. Penn Clarke now resides in Washington, D. C. Mr. Foster, soon after taking charge of the paper, secured the services of the late General Easten Morris in an editorial capacity. The year 1848, the time of the Taylor campaign, found the Standard, financially speaking, in a precarious condition, and sometime during the summer of that year, between April and July, the Standard was transferred to an entirely new management, and after another short suspension, appeared under the editorial charge of S. M. Ballard, with the new caption of The Republican. From Mr. Ballard's charge it passed to the management of Mr. H. W. Lathrop, then to Mr. John Teesdale. Mr. Lathrop, we believe retaining editorial management. In 1856, on June the 6th, The Republican first appeared in a daily edition, under the loca- editorship of C. W. Hobart, Esq., and was kept up about one year.
On March 10, 1858, The Republican passed into the hands of Messrs. Jerome & Duncan. Mr. Teesdale removed to Des Moines and became edi- tor of the State Register. Mr. Lathrop retired to his farm near Iowa City, where he still resides an honored authority on almost all agricultural topics. On December 9, 1863, Messrs. Jerome & Duncan disposed of The Republi- cun to Mr. N. H. Brainerd. In December, 1864, Mr. Brainerd associated with him Mr. Breitigan, who remained in part proprietorship until May 4, 1865, when the senior partner assumed exclusive control. In 1870, Mr. Brain- erd disposed of a half interest in the paper to J. H. C. Wilson, Esq. The firm continued to conduct The Republican until October, 1874, running a daily for a short time during the campaign of 1872. During this period of its existence it was troubled by serious "domestic infelicities," of such importance that it seemed for a time that the days of the paper were num- bered: this result was averted, however, by the purchase, in the month above mentioned, of Mr. Brainerd's interest by Capt. Sam. D. Pryce, Mr. Brainerd retiring to private life, after a semi-public experience of eleven years, and a longer proprietorship of The Republican than any one previ- ous. It next passed into the hands of Wilson, Rogers & Shields. The Republican printing office, for some years, occupied rooms on Clinton street, in the block adjoining the St. James hotel-the same rooms where this book of history was written.
On the 15th day of September, 1879, the office was purchased by a joint stock company, and removed to its present eligible and commodious quarters on the corner of Washington and Dubuque streets. The new ownership was styled " The Republican Publishing Company," and con- sisted of Capt. S. D. Pryce, president; C. D. Close, W. R. Shields, S. J. Kirkwood, T. C. Carson, D. W. C. Clapp, W. A. Fry, W. H. Hubbard, J. E. Stuart, H. H. Seeley, W. J. Haddock. J. C. Cochran, J. C. Shrader, E. G. Fracker, J. C. Stouffer, E. Whitaker, S. E. Woodstock, J. E. Stew- art, J. A. Stevenson, J. H. Whetstone, J. H. C. Wilson, J. W. Durham,
370
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
H. W. Lathrop, G. W. Marquardt, R. H. Finkbine, Dr. E. F. Clapp, D. A. Jones, O. A. Price, P. Shaver.
The management of the paper was given to the board of directors, who employed a full force of workmen. The editorial management was entrusted to Mr. Welker Given, of Des Moines [son of Gen. Josiah Given, who is now circuit judge in the 5th judicial district], with Mr. I. S. Gilli- land, a university graduate, as city editor. For business manager, Mr. Wm. H. Hubbard was selected.
Early in May, 1881, Messrs. Pryce, Wilson, Hubbard, Kirkwood and other stockholders disposed of their stock to H. S. Fairall. The board of directors was reorganized with Geo. W. Marquardt, Esq., as president. Mr. Fairall was chosen editor and manager of the paper, and Mr. J. F. Hoover superintendent of the mechanical department. It is a curious coincidence that Mr. H. S. Fairall, the present editor of the Republican, is son-in-law to Ebenezer M. Adams, the man who hauled the printing material of the Standard office up to Iowa City from Muscatine with his ox-team, in 1840.
At the annual meeting of the stockholders in January, 1882, the follow- ing officers were chosen :
President-Dr. E. F. Clapp.
Secretary-E. E. Brainerd.
Treasurer- Wilbur R. Shields.
Board of directors-E. F. Clapp, E. E. Brainerd, J. F. Hoover, and H. S. Fairall.
Messrs. Fairall and Hoover were continued in their old positions, and Mr. Zach. Seeman was given the management of the bindery, a new and complete branch of the office, which had just been added. Mr. H. S. Kneedler was chosen city editor. In August, 1882, J. C. Cochran appears as treasurer, and Fred O. Newcomb as business manager.
The office contains two large Potter cylinder presses-one for news- paper and one for book work; also two smaller job presses-all driven by steam power. The outfit of types is very complete, having cost, together with the machinery, it is claimed, $10,000. From this office are published the Republican, (daily and weekly-a state edition and a home edition of the latter); the Vidette-Reporter. (weekly-the University paper); the Volksfreund, (weekly-German Republican paper); the Lutheran Home, (monthly); the Jowa Methodist, (monthly); the Annals of Iowa, (semi- occasionally), the Souvenir and Annual, (yearly).
Attached to the printing office there is also a book-bindery, provided with facilities for doing all kinds of work in this branch of industry.
THE STATE PRESS.
On December 4, 1841, was issued the first number of a democratic paper called the Iowa Capital Reporter, edited and published by Gen. Verplanck Van Antwerp and Thomas Hughes. Their printing material
371
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
was brought from Burlington, and George Paul, now [1882] a farmer, of Clear Creek township, was foreman of the printing office. But some time previous to this, Dr. Nathan Jackson had brought some printing material from Lafayette, Indiana, and started a Democratic paper called the Iowa City Argus. The Whig paper called the Iowa City Standard had been moved here from Bloomington (Muscatine) as early as May of this same year. Isaac V. Dennis, now a farmer in Lucas township, (west precinct) had been a type-setter on the Whig paper; but when the Argus office was brought here he was employed as foreman or "boss printer," on it. When the first session of the territorial legislature met in Iowa City (winter of 1841-42) there was a red-hot contest among these three printing offices for the State printing. The Burlington party, or Van Antwerp & Hughes, of the Capital Reporter office, won the stake. This left Dr. Jackson and his Argus "out of a job," so to speak; and in a short time he sold out to the Reporter office and went back to Indiana, "unwept, unhonored, and unsung."
On October 1, 1842, Gen. Van Antwerp sold his interest to the late Col. Jesse Williams, who became Mr. Hughes' partner. June 8, 1844, Jesse Williams became editor and proprietor. May 3, 1845, it was Williams & A. H. Palmer, and on June 25, 1845, it became the property of A. H. & G. D. Palmer, and on March 25, 1846, A. H. Palmer, and finally, in 1850, Richard H. Sylvester took editorial charge, and the Harrison boys became proprietors. Finally came the fated year, 1860. The democratic party had lost the State in 1854. It had lost Johnson county. The pres- idential campaign was on, and one fine morning the democrats woke to find the Reporter (owned by the Harrison boys) sold out to the republi- cans, supporting Lincoln, and Sylvester adrift. Blood was too hot to stand it. A meeting was held. Mr. Templin (then active in politics), Hon. Legrand Byington, and others, came to the fore. Mr. Byington declared that there should be a democratic paper here, if it took the last bull on Pleasant Valley farm. The republicans who supported the old Republican were as mad at the gain of an organ as the democrats were at its loss. Mr. Jerome, editor of the Republican, declared that the party needed another organ about as much as a wagon needed five wheels. An office was gathered together, and located in the block south of the Uni- versity campus. A name was needed. Capt. F. M. Irish and others, foreseeing the short life of the prostituted Reporter, proposed to call the new sheet the True Reporter, but finally Hon. Gilman Folsom suggested the Press. [The first number of the Press was issued August 15, 1860.] " Hickory Sprouts" was the name given to the company of democratic boys who carried camphene lamps for torches and opposed the republican " Wide Awakes." The first issue of the Press called out a procession of "Sprouts," and the procession called out oratory. Judge Buttles made a speech full of wisdom and good advice, for he was an old editor. Mr.
372
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
Templin addressed them upon many mighty parallels to the occasion in Greek and Roman history; Mr. Byington made a characteristic speech, and Mr. Fleishman closed the meeting. The apostate Reporter was edited by " Linkensale," [L. D. Ingersoll], who enjoyed his intrusion upon the respectable regularity of the old Republican, and the vindictiveness of the democrats. He was a choice lampoonist, and his description of the " dedication" of the Press presented the "Song of the Hickory Sprout" thus:
" I come, with many a yell and shout, With dripping grease from my dirty snout, And a yard of shirt tail sticking out, A roaring, rattling. Hickory Sprout."
Poor "Link!" he looked his last on earth and sky in the Colorado mountains. So the kaleidoscope of politics changes in infinite combina- tions. The Reporter went down, soon enough to satisfy the most revenge- ful democrat, and the Press struggled on. Sylvester edited it. It being a joint stock company, everybody that held stock felt it his privilege as well as his duty to volunteer friendly advise, and help to kill the paper, if the editor did not follow in the wake of their suggestions. Too many cooks always aid to spoil the broth, and so in the early days of the Press there were too many cooks. It changed hands often and suddenly.
February 13, 1861, Van Hozen & Given came on deck. August 7, 1861, John G. Given was alone with Sylvester as editor. It seems that Richard H. Sylvester was always on hand and counted on in an emergency. December 11, 1861, it became Williams & Given. August 22, 1863, one Ira C. Mitchell, in company with others, gave the people a paper full of genuine democratic ideas as was current with that party during the war. But the investment was a losing one, and the stock-owners were glad to have any man assume the debts of the printing office and take it. John P. Irish, then teaching school in Iowa City, was young, ambitious, and a rising oratorical star in the democratic firmament. To him they offered the office as a free gift, andhe accepted it, assuming also its debts.
On July 6, 1864, John P. Irish became editor and proprietor of The State Press. He at once took rank as the "Black Knight" on the demo- cratic side of every political tournament in Iowa; and wherever he thrust his lance it fetched blood. The political memories of Johnson county and the State are seamed and scarred all over with cicatrized mementoes of his editorial flesh knife-sometimes justly deserved, and sometimes not, but always cut to the bone. [See a sketch of his life in another place.] He continued to edit the paper from July 6, 1864, to Sept. 6, 1882-a period of over eighteen years, and which is said to be the longest continuous editorship of one paper that has yet occurred in Iowa. Mr. Irish com- menced issuing the Daily State Press on May 1, 1871, and stuck to it with the pluck of clear grit until April 3, 1880, when he yielded at last to the weary struggle and pecuniary rewardlessness of the work, and laid
373
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
his pet daily sadly away in its little bed, where it still sleeps the sleep of the beloved. The weekly edition of course was continued.
September 6, 1882, Mr. Irish sold the paper to A. J. Hershire and John Springer. Mr. Hershire had served the county faithfully and well, both as auditor and as treasurer. He has the repute of being a masterful party leader "on a still hunt." This is in contrast with Mr. Irish, who wielded the party lash with open hand, and made every crack heard from Iowa City to the four corners of the county line. Mr. Springer is a prac- tical printer, and had been connected with the office fifteen or sixteen years before he became joint proprietor. [No statement of machinery, materials or value furnished.] The Iowa City Post (German, weekly) and Slovan Americky (Bohemian, weekly) are both printed in the State Press office. Power presses run by steam.
John P. Irish immigrated to California, and bought the Oakland daily and weekly Times, a republican paper, and changed it to a democratic paper, and engaged in making a warm fight on the Chinese immigration question.
THE COLPORTEUR.
This was a small religious paper started in November, 1844, by the founders of the Snethen Seminary. The first issue of the paper said:
"The politics of the Territory of Iowa, occupy eight or ten papers, each of greater size and frequency than this; in the same extent of country there is hitherto, we believe, no religious periodical. Is it then true, that our political interests are esteemed more deserving of attention than those of religion?"
It does seem to have been "then true," for the paper was not sustained. It was published monthly at 50 cents a year in advance; no name was given either of editor or publisher.
ANNALS OF IOWA.
A quarterly magazine with this title was started in April, 1863, by the Iowa State Historical Society, the four numbers issued in one year (48 pages each number) to be bound together and constitute one volume. Subscription 50 cents a year. This was kept up under the auspices of the society about fifteen years, but finally abandoned. It is now published at irregular intervals, as a private enterprise, by Rev. S. S. Howe. Printed at the Iowa City Republican office.
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