USA > Iowa > Johnson County > History of Johnson County, Iowa, containing a history of the county, and its townships, cities and villages from 1836 to 1882 > Part 48
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Done in Iowa City, this 11th day of April, in the 1866th year of Grace and the 11th of the Maine Liquor Law.
JNO B. SEYKORA, JOHN XANTEN, LEONHARDT ETZEL, G. P. BURCKLE,
LEO MUCHENBERGER, F. VOLKRINGER,
ZIMMERMAN & Co.
PROHIBITORY CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT-1882,
In deference to the growing temperance sentiment throughout the State, and the popular demand for some more effective way of repressing the liquor traffic thah was afforded by the various and confused statutes on the subject, the Eighteenth General Assembly (winter of 1879-80), and again, the Nineteenth General Assembly (winter of 1881-2), submitted to the people, at a special election, on June 27, 1882, a prohibitory amend- ment to the State constitution. There were then published in Johnson county the following weekly newspapers: State Press, Iowa City Repub- lican (daily and weekly), Iowa City Post (German), Volksfreund (German), Slovan-Ameriky (Bohemian), the Oxford Democrat, and the Oxford Fournal. (The Solon Reaper was not started until July 28, a month after the election.) All of these papers, except the Oxford fournal, were anti- amendment organs. The following was the result of the vote in the county :
OFFICIAL CANVASS
of the votes cast at the special election, June 27, 1882, in Johnson county, Iowa, on the proposition to amend the constitution of the State.
413
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
Name of twps
and precincts.
Total votes cast.
For the amendment.
Against the amendment.
Cedar .
138
62
76
Big Grove.
235
86
149
Jefferson
137
39
98
Monroe.
155
13
142
Oxford.
290
139
151
Hardin
122
36
86
Madison
102
65
37
Penn .
107
75
32
Clear Creek
114
57
57
Newport
125
24
101
Graham
154
70
84
Scott.
160
126
34
Union
131
64
67
Washington
170
83
87
Sharon
164
60
104
Liberty
99
7
92
Fremont.
225
125
100
Pleasant Valley
109
67
42
Lincoln .
122
45
77
Lucas, East
89
34
55
Lucas, West.
127
82
45
Iowa City, North
699
158
.
541
Iowa City, South
604
253
351
Total
4378
1770
2608
Majority in Johnson county against the' amendment, 838. The exact form of the amendment, and the result throughout the State are set forth in the following
PROCLAMATION.
State of Iowa. By the Governor. A proclamation declaring the result of the special election held on June 27, 1882:
WHEREAS, The eighteenth and nineteenth general assemblies of the State of Iowa, did in due form and according to the provisions of the con- stitution, agree to add, as section 26, to article 1, of the constitution, an amendment in the words following, to-wit:
"SECTION 26. No person shall manufacture for sale, or sell or keep for sale, as a beverage, any intoxicating liquors whatever, including ale, wine and beer. The general assembly shall by law prescribe regulations for the enforcement of the prohibition herein contained, and shall thereby provide suitable penalties for the violation of the provisions hereof." And,
WHEREAS, Proclamation was made and said amendment was submitted to a vote of the electors of the State at a special election held throughout the State in pursuance of law, on Tuesday, the 27th day of June, 1882; and
WHEREAS, The official canvass of the result of said election, as made by the executive council, acting as a State board of canvassers, shows 155,436 votes for the adoption of the amendment and 125,677 votes against, leaving a majority of 29,759 votes for the adoption of the amendment.
Now, therefore, I, Buren R. Sherman, Governor of the State of Iowa, by virtue of the authority vested in me by law, and in the name of the
414
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
people of Iowa, do hereby proclaim that the aforesaid amendment is adopted and is a true and valid part of the constitution of the State of Iowa; whereof all persons will take due notice, and govern themselves accordingly.
BUREN R. SHERMAN.
Attest. J. A. T. HULL, Secretary of State.
The vote in this, the Fifth Congressional District, stood: For the amendment, 16,587; against the amendment, 13,408; majority for the amendment in this district, 3,179.
A DRUGGIST DECLARATION.
To the Public :
The conditions, restrictions, and penelties of the liquor and pharmacy laws are so onerous and severe that we, the druggists of Iowa City and vicinity, having due regard for our honor and financial safety, feel that we dare not avail ourselves of the laws' exemption. We therefore have adopted the following resolution to go into effect as soon as published.
Resolved, That hereafter we will sell no alcoholic liquors of any kind for any purpose whatever.
Adopted by the Johnson County Pharmaceutical Association July 10, 1SS2.
M. J. MOON, W. E. SHRADER, E. A. DOTY, H. A. ROBINSON.
M. W. DAVIS, T. J. RIGG,
J. H. WHETSTONE, WM. A. MORRISON, W. H. BOERNER & SON,
The Woman's Christian Temperance Union, was instituted by Mrs. J. Ellen Foster: date of charter January, 1875. The first officers were: President, Mrs. H. S. Osmond; Secretary, Miss Fanny White; Treasurer, Mrs. N. H. Brainerd. Present officers are: President, Mrs. S. N. Fel- lows; Secretary, Mrs. A. C. Hinman; Treasurer, Mrs. N. H. Brainerd. The membership is twenty-five. Miss Frances E. Willard, Mrs. J. Ellen Foster, Mrs. A. M. Palmer, Mrs. M. J. Aldrich, Mrs. Hunt and Mrs. Washington, have lectured before the Union. Successful work has been done in the spread of temperance literature, instruction of the children in the Band of Hope, enforcing the temperance law, especially at county fairs; and in personal effort to reform the inebriate.
ANTI-PROHIBITION LEAGUE.
Rev. C. Compton Burnett promised to prepare for this history a sketch of the organization at Iowa City of the State Anti-Prohibition League, which grew out of the labors of himself and Hon. John P. Irish against the prohibitory constitutional amendment, early in 1882. But he has failed to furnish the sketch, and depending on him, we did not collect data to present the matter.
The vote of the state June 27, 1882, on the prohibition question gives the following points of historic interest: The total vote of the state was 281,381, and the majority in favor of the amendment was 29,759. The total vote is 46,275 greater than that cast for governor in 1881, and 41,287 smaller
415
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
than the vote cast at the presidential election in 1880. There were 45 counties that gave majorities for the amendment, 23 counties against it, and one, Van Buren county, which was a tie. Polk county gave the largest majority for the amendment, 2,111, and Dubuque the largest against, 5,060. Audubon gave the smallest majority for, 28, and Davis the smallest against, J.
CHAPTER VI. - PART 4.
MEDICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS.
MEDICAL HISTORY -- County Physicians, Medical Societies, etc.
MISCELLANEOUS-Notes in 1840-41 -- Trowbridge's County History -- The Gov. Lucas Home- stead -- Ex-Gov. Kirkwood as Road Supervisor-Jim Hamilton's "Gunpowder Plot" -- A Benevolent Crank -- Confusion of Names -- Bible Society.
THE FIRST COUNTY PHYSICIAN.
The following proceedings of the county board, October 9, 1841, wil be both amusing and interesting, at least to medical gentlemen:
It having been made known to the physicians of Iowa City that pro- posals would be received on this day by the board of commissioners on what terms the medical attendance on all paupers should be given for one year, by either physician for one year, and furnish their own medicines, on this day, to-wit: October 9, at 3 o'clock P. M., the following proposals were received to- wit:
To the honorable "board of county commissioners of Johnson county, Iowa territory:
GENTLEMEN : I, in accordance to your wishes, as physician for all the paupers of Johnson county, Iowa territory, do hereby obligate myself to attend professionally, and furnish all necessary medicines for them, for the sum of seventy-five dollars annually.
Yours, gentlemen, with respect,
HENRY MURRAY, M. D."
Iowa City, October 9, 1841.
To the honorable board of county commissioners. of Johnson county:
We whose names are hereunto subscribed (physicians of Johnson county), make a joint application for rendering medical services to, and medicines to the paupers of this county, from this date to the 1st of October, 1842, under the direction of the board of county commissioners or their agent, for the sum of twenty-five dollars each.
JESSE BOWEN. EZRA BLISS. S. M. BALLARD.
These proposals being in effect of equal amounts, it was motioned by Mr. Parrott, one of the board, "Shall we select from the proposals which shall be accepted?" Mr. Cavanagh and Mr. Clark were opposed to the acceptance of either proposal as they now stand. Mr. Parrott votes for
416
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
selecting, and Mr. Cavanagh objects because the word cach was added to the last recorded proposal after the same was delivered and opened by the board, so Mr. Parrott's motion was lost.
Mr. Cavanagh then motions that the services mentioned in the afore- said recorded proposals be let to the lowest bidding physician or physi- cians, which motion was agreed to by Mr. Clark and dissented from by Mr. Parrott. So the motion of Mr. Cavanagh was carried, and the same being set up at public outcry, Dr. Henry Murray, being the lowest bid- der, at the sum of six dollars, became the physician as employed by the board according to the proposals and the actions on them aforesaid.
THE COUNTY PHYSICIAN PROBLEM AGAIN.
October 6, 1842, the county board appointed Doctors Murray and Bliss to be county physicians, to furnish all medicines themselves for pauper patients, make out their separate bills, and at the end of the year the county board would allow them a pro rata compensation out of a total fund of $100 for the whole year. October 8th Dr. H. Murray wrote a note to the board, emphatically saying, "I will have nothing to do with the partnership affair of doctors for the paupers of Johnson county."
It seems that Dr. Bliss went on acting under the " partnership affair," but somehow or other things did not go smoothly, for on January 6, 1843, the following further proceedings were had on the pauper doctor diffi- culty :
The object of this meeting being at this time to take into consideration the propriety of letting out medical attendance to paupers for one year from the October term of this board, 1842, to the lowest bidder. One of the physicians appointed at that time having refused to accept the appointment.
On consideration of the premises, it is ordered that the order made on yesterday on this subject, be expunged from the record.
And it is also ordered that Dr. Ezra Bliss be allowed the sum of thirty- seven dollars and fifty cents in full compensation for his medical services to paupers since the October session, 1842, and that order and contract entered and made at that time, be mutually and is hereby rescinded.
And now, on this day, to-wit, January 6, 1843, it is ordered and agreed on the part of the commissioners, that the sum of one hundred dollars shall be appropriated out of the county treasury, for the payment of physicians for their medical attendance and services rendered to paupers in this county for one year from this date. It is understood by the board that sick paupers shall have their choice of physicians in this county, and that the sum above named shall be paid to the physicians so employed, in proportion to actual services rendered by them respectively, and it is further understood that each physician shall furnish his own medicine, and present the bills to be adjusted at the January term of this board in the year 1844.
That expression by the board, " that sick paupers shall have their choice of physicians in this county," seems to have been a direct resentment of the assumption of the allopathic class or school of doctors that they alone were "regular" and entitled to public recognition as physicians. Whether they wanted an allopathic, a homeopathic, a botanic or an eclectic doctor,
417
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
they might take their choice; the county board would treat all schools of doctors as on the same footing.
PHYSICIANS' BILLS.
The following from county record of January 7, 1856, will be interest- ing to the doctors:
Ordered, that Dr. L. M. Ballard be allowed sixty-five dollars for his medical bill to paupers since January 1, 1845.
Ordered, that Dr. Ezra Bliss be allowed seven dollars for his medical bill to paupers since January, 1845.
Ordered, that Dr. S. R. Crummey be allowed his medical bill to pau- pers since January, 1845.
There being twelve dollars not yet appropriated and Dr. Murray's bill of $20 not being satisfactory to this board, and $6 of Dr. Crummey's bill being also unsatisfactory it is ordered, that if Dr. Murray and Dr. Crum- mey shall hereafter establish their bills as being properly chargeable to the paupers, that the said sum of twelve dollars shall be allowed and divided in proper proportion between them.
The county seems to have had a good deal of trouble with its pauper doctor business. January 7, 1847, this record appears:
Dr. Henry Murray presented his medical bill for services rendered by Murray, McCormick and Swan to paupers during 1846, amounting to $47.00; which being investigated by the board, it is ordered, that the said Murray, McCormick and Swan, be allowed the sum of $38.50 on said bill out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
Dr. Enos Metcalf presents his bill for medical services to paupers in 1846, amounting to $25.00; which being fully investigated by the board, it is ordered, that he be allowed fifteen dollars on said bill, provided, that the amount of the taxes due this county by him, shall be paid the treasurer of this county out of the above amount of fifteen dollars.
MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
The first mention found of a medical organization was a notice dated May 10, 1843, and published in the Iowa City papers, stating that "the adjourned meeting of the Iowa Medical Society will be held on Monday, the 5th day of June next, in Iowa City." It is signed "by order of the president ; Ezra Bliss, secretary." Dr. Bliss was then of the firm of Bal- lard & Bliss, physicians and surgeons.
The next record found in this line was the following:
BOTANIC MEDICAL MEETINGS.
At a meeting of the friends of the botanic medical practice, in Iowa City, on the 3d of June, 1843, a society was organized to be known by the name of the " Medical Botanic Society of Johnson county, Iowa terri- tory," and the following officers were chosen for the year ensuing, viz :- James Robinson, Esq., president; B. S. Holmes, vice president; J. A. Mil- ler, recording secretary ; J. N. Ball, corresponding secretary. Censors, E. Metcalf, J. L. Frost, Rev. Wm. Patterson, S. H. Bonham, Esq., and J. Heberson.
The published report at the time says:
An address was delivered by Dr. Metcalf, in which it was clearly
418
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
demonstrated that the present state of things call loudly for a reform in the practice of medicine-that such reform has been introduced; and not- withstanding it has waded through an opposition paralleled only by that arrayed against the Christian religion, yet it begins to stand forth pre- eminent, wearing a wreath of truth and reason, and bearing in triumph the laurels of victory, until it has overcome the prejudices of more than three and a half millions of the inhabitants of these United States: and that it only needs an investigation to be adopted by every candid, thinking mind. On motion,
Resolved, that the proceedings of this meeting be signed by the presi- dent and secretary, and published in both the papers printed in this city. On motion,
Resolved, that this meeting adjourn to the first Saturday in July next, at one o'clock P. M. All friends of the botonic practice are respectfully invited to attend. A public address may be expected in the evening at half past seven o'clock.
JAMES ROBINSON, President. J. A. MILLER, Secretary.
The sanguine expectations of these " reformers" have not been met; yet their views and "resolves" make a part of the medical history of the county, and as such have a rightful place here.
On Friday evening, May 17, 1867, a meeting was held, at which the following was adopted:
Resolved, That the Johnson County Medical Society (a quorum of whose members is now here present), which was organized on the 27th of May, 1856, and the last meeting of which, as appears from the minutes now before us, was held December 31, 1859, is hereby re-organized and revived by this meeting.
The medical gentlemen reported present at this re-organization meeting were: Drs. Sanford W. Huff, Frederick Lloyd, T. S. Mahan, A. C. Moon, Henry Murray, J. C. Shrader, J. H. Ealy, Wm. Ott.
On May 25 another meeting was held, and the following officers elected: President, Dr. Huff; vice-president, Dr. Ealy; secretary, Dr. Lloyd; treasurer, Dr. Ott; librarian, Dr. Mahan; committee on ethics and admis- sions, Drs. Henry Murray, J. C. Shrader, and J. J. Sanders.
Drs. C. A. White and O. Heinsins, of Iowa City; David Stewart, of North Liberty, and F. C. Stewart, of Solon, were made members. Dur- ing the remainder of that year, 1867, some very good meetings were held, valuable reports made and discussions had. Dr. White was the State Geologist. Dr. Shrader seems to have been the leading surgeon at that time.
Drs. George Mitchell, M. J. Morsman, C. C. McGovern, Robert M. Paddock and Wm. Vogt, of Iowa City, were afterward members. The society continued to exist under the above name with varying fortunes for nineteen years-the first organization having occurred May 27, 1856, and the last recorded meeting on December 16, 1875. It does not appear that . they ever sent a delegate to the national association.
419
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
" The Iowa City Medical Society " was a direct successor of the last mentioned one, and was organized Jan. 10, 1876. Its first officers were: Drs. E. F. Clapp, president; R. W. Pryce, vice-president; E. H. Sheaffer, secretary ; N. H. Tulloss, treasurer. Censors, Drs. Gustavus Hinrichs, J. C. Shrader.
Its present officers are: J. C. Shrader, president; Elizabeth Hess, vice president; S. S. Lytle, secretary ; N. H. Truloss, treasurer. Censors, Drs. C. M. Hobby, J. C. Shrader, and Gustavus Hinrichs. The total membership is twelve.
The following members have been delegates to the National Medical Association: Dr. Clapp in 1876, Philadelphia; 1877, Chicago; 1878, Buffalo. Dr. Shråder, 1877, Chicago.
As matters of general interest to the people, and information which they ought to have, we present the following additional points:
The objects of this society shall be the advancement of medical knowl- edge, the elevation of professional character, the protection of the interests of its members, and the promotion of all measures adapted to the improve- ment of the health and the protection of the lives of the community.
The article on membership specifies that "None shall be admitted to membership except those who are regular graduates in medicine and sur- gery, having diplomas procured in a regular manner from medical institu- tions recognized by the American Medical Association."
The code of ethics followed is that of the American Medical Associa- tion.
MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS.
This sub-chapter is devoted as a sort of scrap-bag, to include a variety of historical items which were collected in the course of our work at pre- paring this volume, but which did not seem to quite exactly fit in any- where else.
NOTES IN 1840-41.
The first book ever printed in regard to Iowa was compiled by John B. Newhall, of Burlington, and published by J. H. Colton, the great map pub- lisher of New York city. The title of the book was "Sketches of Iowa, or the Emigrant's Guide," and Mr. Newhall's preface is dated February 2, 1841, hence the material must have been gathered chiefly in 1840. It was a well prepared and very valuable little book for the time, and being the first publication on Iowa, we copy what it gives in regard to Johnson county, as it was regarded at that time:
This county borders upon the Indian country, the principal part of it being embraced in the purchase of 1837. It was organized in 1839, and is attached to the second judicial district. It is bounded on the north by Linn, east by Cedar and Muscatine, south by Washington and Louisa, and contains an area of about 610 square miles. As a whole, Johnson may
420
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
be estimated a good county of land, well watered and timbered, and abounding with excellent springs, although it is somewhat more broken and uneven than some of the adjacent counties. It has the character of being a very healthy county, there existing no local causes to produce disease, and, at the present time, is as rapidly populating as any county in the territory. The location of the permanent seat of government of the territory being established in this county, (at Iowa City,) has directed the attention of hundreds of enterprising and industrious emigrants hither, many of them possessing wealth and refinement, and influence, and per- haps the results witnessed in a few short months, from the first settlement of this county, is without a parallel in the growth of countries.
It was on the 4th day of May, 1839, the commissioners appointed by the legislative assembly selected the site for this new city, which, up to that time, was the hunting-ground of the savage, without the first landmark of civilization. And on the ensuing 4th of July, but one log cabin marked the place of a city, and the devoted few who made the pilgrimage on that glorious day to consecrate this young city to freedom and civilization, slept under the trees of the forest, having no other shelter save the broad canopy of heaven; yet here were the seeds of liberty planted, and for the first time proudly waved the stars and stripes of freedom. On the follow- ing June, after the lapse of eleven months, Iowa City contained between six and seven hundred inhabitants, several spacious hotels, a dozen stores, and artisans of every description, churches, coffee houses, and all the life and bustle of a city of years! For more detailed descriptions, see chief towns in Iowa.
The main branch of the Iowa river flows through this county in a south- easterly direction, and touching the northeast corner of Washington, pur- sues its course through Louisa to the Mississippi. Big Grove commences near Iowa City, and extends to the borders of the Indian country. It has been pronounced among the best and most extensive bodies of timber in Iowa. It is situated between the Iowa and Cedar rivers, being about twenty miles in length, with an average width of six to seven miles.
Johnson county is abundantly supplied with excellent building rock, and its clay makes brick of the best quality. Perhaps few counties are more favored with all the requisites, either for the artisan or the agriculturist, than Johnson; the population are principally engaged in agricultural pur- suits, but so recent has been its settlement, that but few farms have been cultivated to any great extent ; yet the time is near at hand when the farm- ers of Johnson will have a surplus of products, and their meadows will abound with stock.
Population in 1838, 237; and in 1840, 4,504.
POPULATION OF IOWA.
To give the reader some idea of the surprising increase of population in this young territory, I will commence with the first sensus, taken in August, 1837, at which time the whole of the present territory was com- prised in only two counties, the population of which, according to the official returns stood thus:
Dubuque county . 4,274.
Des Moines county 6,257.
Total . 10,531.
421
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
In May, 1838, these two counties having been divided into sixteen-the census was again taken, and the result was as follows:
Counties.
Pop.
Counties.
Pop.
Louisa
1,180
Linn .
205
Jackson
881
Des Moines
4,605
Jones.
241
Muscatine
1,247
Clinton .
445
Henry .
3,058
Scott.
1,252
Clayton.
274
Dubuque
2,381
Johnson
237
Lee.
2,839
Cedar
557
Van Buren
. 3,174
Total
22,859
From this it appears, that in twenty-one months the population had doubled itself, and left an excess of 1797 souls.
In July, 1840, the census was again taken, and the following result exhib- ited:
Counties.
Pop.
Counties.
Pop.
Clayton
1,045
Jefferson
2,780
Clinton . .
800
Linn
1,385
Cedar .
1,225
Lee.
6,096
Delaware
171
Louisa
1,925
Dubuque.
3,056
Muscatine.
1,942
Des Moines
5,546
Scott. .
2,193
Henry.
3,784
Jones
474
Van Buren
6,166
Jackson
1,452
Johnson
1,504
Total.
43,116
TROWBRIDGE'S COUNTY HISTORY.
Oct. 8, 1844. Ordered, that Samuel C. Trowbridge be requested to make a certified statement of the organization of Johnson county; who were the first officers legally elected or appointed; the time when, and where qualified; and give generally all the information in his power, which may be necessary to make the acts of the first officers of the county fully understood and legal.
Col. Trowbridge commenced preparing a sketch in accordance with the above order, and had it nearly completed. He was postmaster at the time and had his early history sketch, and some of the documents per- taining to the matter, in the post-office when it was burned down on the Sunday night, of March 26, 1845. His manuscripts and papers were all destroyed in the fire, and nothing further was ever done by the county to rehabilitate its lost or unwritten records. Col. Trowbridge was so much broken and depressed by his loss of property and records, books and docu- ments in this post-office fire, that he has had no heart since to make any attempt at writing out his recollections of the early days; but he is always respectful and cordial toward any candid inquirer after such knowledge as abides in his recollection.
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