USA > Iowa > Johnson County > History of Johnson County, Iowa, containing a history of the county, and its townships, cities and villages from 1836 to 1882 > Part 65
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559
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
Megistocrinus farnsworthi, White.
Melocrinus solonensis* (new species).
CLASS, MOLLUSCA+-ORDER, BRACHIOPODA.
Strophodonta erratica, Winchell.
Strophodonta demissa, Conrad.
Streptorhynchus chemungensis, Conrad.
Orthis iowensis, Hall.
Chonetes lineata, Vanuxem. Chonetes scitula, Hall.
Productella dissimilis, Hall.
Productella subalata, Hall.
Spirifera parryana, Hall
Spirifera pennata, Owen,
Spirifera whitneyi, Hall.
Spirifera aspera, Hall.
Spirifera subvaricosa, Hall and Whitfield.
Spirifera fimbriata, Conrad.
Cyrtina hamiltonensis, Hall.
Athyris vittata, Hall.
Atrypa reticularis, Linnætus,
Atrypa aspera, var. occidentalis, Hall.
Gypidula occidentalis, Hall Gypidula læviuscula, Hall.
Pentamerella dubia, Hall. Pentamerella micula, Hall.
Rhynchonella intermedia, Barris. Leiorhynchus altus, Calvin.
Terebratula romingeri, Hall Terebratula linklæni, Hall.
Tropidoleptus carinatus, Conrad.
Tropidoleptus occidens, Hall.
ORDER, LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
Casts of these two-valved mollusks are not uncommon, but the preser- vation is usually such as to make it impossible to identify them.
ORDER, GASTEROPODA.
Platyceras, (four or five undescribed species). Euomphalus cyclostomus, Hall. Tentacutites hoyti, White.
* This new species was first found at Solon, in Big Grove township, and hence was so named by Prof. Calvin .--- H. A. R.
+ Mollusks are the great variety of so-called shell fish. The shell rock of which the Uni- versity central hall is built, and which is extensively used for curb stones and other pur. poses throughout Iowa City, is almost entirely composed of the shells of different species of mollusks .--- H. A. R.
560
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
ORDER, CEPHALOPODA.
Casts of chambered shells belonging to the genera Orthoceras, Gomph- oceras and Gyroceras are quite common in some localities.
CLASS, ARTICULATA -- ORDER, CRUSTACEA.
( Trilobites.)*
CLASS, VERTEBRATA-ORDER, FISHES.
Dermal plates of the curious fish Dinichthys, and teeth and fin spines of Devonian sharks, are sparingly distributed through all the rocks of the county.
Of the Carboniferous fossils only two have been identified, and these only generically.
Calamites.
Lepidodendron.
The two species of Strobilocystites are represented in my collection by three specimens, and it is interesting to note that, so far as known, these are the only specimens of Devonian Cystideans that have ever been collected. The type is usually regarded as having become extinct in the Upper Silurian; but, in this particular locality, at least, Cystideans per- sisted as late as the middle of the Devonian age.
The Strobilocystites calvini was described by Dr. C. A. White in the publications of the Philadelphia Academy of Science, for 1876. The S. polleyi differs from it in being larger, more globose, and in having the surface ornamented with minute irregular, vermicular furrows instead of the papillae that characterizes the S. calvini. The arm grooves of S. polleyi do not reach more than half way to the base.
Prof. D. D. Owen describes a number of species of fossils from this locality, but I have not been able to identify them all. It is very probable that his Chonetes iowensis is identical with Chonetes scitula, of Hall, but his drawing and description are so imperfect as to make it impossible to determine the fact with absolute certainty. Others of Owen's species doubtless pass under names assigned to them by more recent workers.
* The trilobites were a sort of three-lobed cross between a worm and a crayfish. There were scores of different species of them in the ancient seas, but only one kind has yet been found in Johnson county. - H. A. R.
561
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
CHAPTER IX .- PART 3.
NATURAL HISTORY.
A Lesson in Zoology .- Mr. Shimek's Report -- Lists of Beasts, Birds, Reptiles, Fishes .- Native Animals .- Bear and Wolf Stories .- Wolf Scalp Bounties .- The Game Law .- Game and Fish Interests.
A LESSON IN ZOOLOGY.
Bohumil Shimek, a student in the State University, class of 1883, has made a special study of the zoology and botany of Johnson county. An additional interest attaches to Mr. Shimek's work from the fact that he is himself one of the "native animals" of Johnson county, having been born in Jefferson township, June 25, 1861, of Bohemian parentage. He took the full college course in natural science, and kept the laboratory well supplied with live frogs, for illustrative experiments on muscle and nerve action. His expertness in catching frogs by hand led his class-mates to perpetrate the joke that Shimek was a Frenchman, and would never starve to death as long as there was a wild frog loose in the country. Mr. Shimek stands very high in the esteem and confidence of Prof. Calvin, as a diligent, careful, thorough going and zealous student of science; and it is pleasant to record that the best study yet made of the zoology of John- son county has been by one of her own sons.
MR. SHIMEK'S REPORT.
LIST OF MAMMALS.
1. Felis concolor (L.)-American panther or cougar.
2. Lynx rufus, (Gul.)-American wild-cat or lynx.
3. Canis lupus, (L.)-Common wolf. The "timber" and "prairie" wolves are zoologically the same.
4. Vulpes vulgaris (Flem.)-Red fox, very variable; known by the fol- lowing other names: Cross fox, black fox.
5. Putorius vulgaris, (Cuv.)-Least weasel; usually white in winter.
6. Putorius ermineus, (Cuv.)-Common weasel; white in winter.
7. Putorius vison, (Gap.)-Common mink ; quite frequently met with.
8. Taxidea americana, (Bd.)-American badger.
9. Mephitis mephitica, (Bd.)-Common skunk; plenty.
10. Lutra canadensis, (Sab.)-American Otter.
11. Ursus americanus, (Pallas.)-Bear.
12. Procyon lotor, (Ston.)-Common raccoon. This species was formerly abundant, but as the heavy timber is being cut away, it is becom- ing rarer. They can be seen most easily in early spring, during the "love" season; at this time the males become very fierce, and are more likely to show "fight" than at other times.
13. Cariacus virginianus, (Gray.)-Red deer ; formerly abundant. My
562
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
father, who came to the country in 1856 and settled in Jefferson township, used to tell of deer that he had seen in Hutchin's grove. [Mr. Shimek omits the elk-(Cervus canadensis)-individuals and herds of which were occasionally seen by the early settlers in Johnson county.]-EDITOR.
14. Vespertilio subulatus, (Say.)-Little brown bat; very common. Probably two other species of vespertilio are found in the county.
15. Atalapha noveboracensis, (Coues.) -- Red bat.
16. Scalops argentatus (Aud. & Bach.)-Silvery mole or prairie mole.
17. Blarina brevicauda, (Bd.)-Mole shrew, or short-tailed shrew; a small, insignificant species.
18. Sciuropterus volucella, (Geoff.)-Common flying squirrel; abun- dant.
19. Sciurus niger (Linn.)-Fox squirrel; common.
20. Sciurus carolinensis, (Aud.)-Gray squirrel, orį black squirrel This species varies from a grizzly yellowish gray to pure jet-black; the jet-black form is very rare here.
21. Tamias striatus, (Bd.)-Chipmunk, or ground squirrels; very com- mon in the timber, and along hedge and fence-rows.
22. Spermophilus tridecemlineatus, (And. & Bach.)-Striped gopher, or thirteen-lined spermophiles.
23. Spermophilus franklini, (Rich.)-Gray gopher; these two species of gopher are found in fields and on the prairies. They are a great nuis- ance to farmers, destroying much corn.
24. Arctomys monax, (Gmel.)-Woodchuck, or ground-hog; formerly quite common, now rather rare.
25. Castor fiber, (L.)-Beaver; this species has become extinct in the last few years. Two specimens now in the University were captured about ten years ago.
26. Geomys bursarius, (Rich.)-Pouched gopher, pocket gopher; a farmers' pest.
27. Zapus hudsonius, (Coues.)-Jumping mouse; small, mouse-like. Remarkable for its jumping powers.
28. Arvicola riparius, (Ord.)-Meadow mouse.
29. Arvicola pinetorum, (Le C.)-Pine mouse; one specimen taken. There are probably three or four more species of the mouse-kind, but I have not sufficient data at hand to give a record.
30. Fiber zibethicus, (Cuv.)-Muskrat; very common.
31. Lepus sylvaticus, (Bach.)-Common rabbit; very common.
32. Didelphys virginiana, (Shaw.)-Opossum.
Of the above list, numbers 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 11, 13, 25 and 32, are no longer found in the county.
BIRDS.
1. Turdus migratorius, (L.)-Robin.
2. 66 mustelinus, (Gm.)-Wood thrush; a fine singer.
563
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
3. Turdus pallasi, (Cab.)-Hermit thrush.
4. swainsoni, (Cab.) -- Olive-backed thrush.
5. Mimus carolinensis, (Gm.)-Cat-bird; an exquisite songster, although its common note is harsh.
6. Harporhynchus rufus, (L.) Cab .- Brown thrush; a fine songster.
7. Sialia sialis, (L.) Hold. Blue-bird.
8. Regulus calendula, (L.) Licht .- Ruby-crowned kinglet.
9. satrapa, (Licht .- Golden-crested kinglet.
10. Polioptila cærulea, (L.) Scl .-- Blue-gray gnatcatcher.
11. Parus atricapillus, (L.)-Chickadee, or black-capped titmouse.
12. Sitta carolinensis, (Gm.)-White-bellied nuthatch.
13. " canadensis, (L.)-Red-bellied nuthatch.
14. Certhia familiaris, (L.) -- Brown creeper.
15. Troglodytes aedon, (V.) -- House wren.
16. Anorthura troglodytes, (L.) Cs. var. hyemalis (Wils.) Cs .- Win- ter wren.
17. Cistothorus stellaris, (Licht.) Cab .- Short-billed marsh wren.
18. Eremophila alpestris, (Forst) Boie .-- Horned lark, or shore-lark; sometimes also called sky-lark.
19. Mniotilta varia, (L.) V .- Black and white creeper.
20. Parula americana, (L.) Jor .- Blue yellow-backed warbler.
21. Protonotaria citraea, (Bodd.) Bd .--- Prothonotary warbler.
22. Dendrœca æstive (Gm) Bd .- Summer warbler; yellow-bird.
23. coronata (L.) Gr .- Yellow-rumped warbler.
24. blackburniæ, (Gm.) Bd .- Blackburnian warbler.
25. castanea, (Wils.) Bd .- Bay-breasted warbler.
26. pennsylvanica, (L.) Bd .- Chestnut-sided warbler.
27. palmarum, (Gm.)Bd .- Yellow red-poll warbler.
28. 66 virens, (Gm.) Bd .- Black-throated green warbler. Probably other Dendraca occur.
29. Seinrus anrocapillus, (L.) Sw .- Golden-crowned thrush.
30. noveboracensis, (Gm.) Nutt .- Water wagtail, or water thrush.
31. ludovi cianus, (V.) Bp .- Large-billed water thrush.
32. Geothlypis trichas, (L.) Cab .- Maryland yellow-throat.
33. Icteria virens, (L.) Bd .- Yellow-breasted chat.
34. Myiodioctes pusillus, (Wils) Bp .- Green black-capped fly catcher.
35. Myiodioctes canadensis, (L.) Aud .- Canadian fly catcher.
36. Setophaga ruticilla, (L.) Sw .- Redstart.
37 Pyranga rubra, (L.) V .- Scarlet tanager.
38. Hirundo horreorum, (Barton)-Barn swallow.
39. Tachycineta bicolor, (V.) Cs .- White-bellied swallow.
40. Petrochelidon lunifrons, (Say.) Cab .- Cliff swallow, or eave swal
low.
564
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
41. Cotyle riparia, (L.) Boie .- Bank swallow or sand martin.
42. Stelgidopteryx serripennis, (Aud) Bd .- Rough-winged swallow.
43. Progne purpurea (L.) Boie .- Purple martin.
44. Ampelis garrulus, (L.) Bohemian waxwing. These beautiful birds visit us in flocks during the winter.
45. Ampelis cedrorum, (V.) Bd .- Cedar-bird, waxwing, or cherry-bir d
46. Vireo olivaceus, (L.) V .- Red-eyed vireo.
47. gilvus, (V.) Bp .--- Warbling vireo.
48. flavifrons, (V.)-Yellow-throated vireo.
49. solitarius, (V.)-Solitary vireo.
50. belli, (Aud.)-Bell's vireo 66
51. Collurio borealis, (V.) Bd .-- Butcher bird or great northern shrike ..
52. Collurio ludovicianus, (L.) Bd .-- var. excubitoroides (Sw.) Co .- White-rumped shrike.
53. Carpodacus purpureus, (Gm.) Gr .- Purple finch.
54. Loxia leucoptera (Gmel)-White-winged cross-bill.
55. Aegiothus linaria, (L.) Cab .-- Red-poll linnett.
56. Chrysomitris tristis, (L.) Bp .- American gold finch.
57. Plectrophanes nivalis, (L.) Mey .- Snow bunting.
58. Passerculus savanna, (Wils) Bp .- Savanna sparrow.
59. Pooecetes gramineus, (Gm.) Bd .- Bay-winged bunting or grass finch.
60. Coturniculus passerinus, (Wils.) Bp .- Yellow-winged sparrow.
61. Melospiza palustris, (Wils) Bd .- Swamp sparrow.
62. Melospiza melodia, (Wils) Bd .- Song sparrow.
63. Junco hyemalis, (L.) Scl .- Snowbird.
64. Spizella monticola, (Gm.) Bd .- Tree sparrow. .
65. socialis, (Wils) Bp .- Chipping sparrow.
66. 66 pusilla, (Wils) Bp .- Field sparrow.
67. Zonotrichia albicollis, (Gm.) Bp .- White-throated sparrow.
68. Zonotrichia leucophrys, (Forst) Sw .- White-crowned sparrow.
69. Choudestes grammaca, (Say.) Bp .- Lark finch.
70. Passer domesticus, (Linn)-English sparrow. This pestiferous. pugnacious little rascal introduced himself probably from some of our eastern neighbors, Already one can notice in the University campus a wonderful dearth of other birds, while this little pest is seen every where. They will drive out the blue bird, robin and other common useful birds.
71. Passerella iliaca, (Sw.)-Fox sparrow.
72. Euspiza americana, (Gm.)Bp .- Black-throated bunting.
73. Goniaphea ludoviciana, (L.) Bowd .- Heart-bird or rose-breasted grosbeak.
74. Cyanospiza cyanea, (L.) Bd .- Indigo-bird.
75. Cardinalis virginianus (Briss) Bp .- Cardinal redbird. Severa have been seen, but it is possible that they were escaped cage birds.
565
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
76. Pipilo erythrophthalmus, (L.) V .- Towhee bunting; chewink.
77. Dolichonyx oryzivorus, (L.) Sw .- Bobolink, reed-bird or rice-bird.
78. Molothrus ater, (Gm.) Gr .- Cowbird. This bird, like the Euro- pean cuckoo, deposits its eggs in the nests of other birds.
79. Agelaus phoniceus (L.) V .- Red-winged blackbird.
80. Xanthocephalus icterocephalus, (Bp.), Bd .- Yellow-headed black- bird.
81. Sturnella magna, (L.) Sw .- Meadow lark.
82. Icterus spurius (L.) Bp .- Orchardoriole.
83. Icterus baltimore, (L.) D .- Baltimore oriole.
S4. Quiscalus purpureus, (Licht.)-Purple grackle, or crow blackbird.
85. Corvus americanus, (Aud.)-Crow.
86. Cyanurus cristatus, (L.) Sw .- Blue Jay.
87. Tyrannus carolinensis, (L.) Bd .- King bird; bee martin.
87. Myiarchus crinitus, (L.) Cab .- Great crested Flycatcher. This bird almost invariably has a cast-off snake's skin interwoven in its nest.
89. Sayornis fuscus, (Gm.) Bd .- Pewee.
90. Contopus virens, (L.) Cab .- Wood Pewee.
91. Empidonax trailli, (Aud.) Bd .- Traill's fly catcher.
92. Empidonax minimus, (Bd.)-Least fly catcher.
93. Antrostomus vociferus (Wils.) Bp .- Whipporwill.
94. Chordeiles virginianus, (Briss.) Bp .- Night-hawk. This bird, which is usually seen flying about, at a considerable hight, at dusk, is com- monly mistaken for the Whipporwill.
95. Chatura pelasgia, (L.)-Chimney swift.
96. Trochilus colubris, (L.)-Ruby-throated humming-bird.
96. Ceryle alcyon, (L.) Boie .- King-fisher.
98. Coccygus erythrophthalmus, (Wils.) Bd .- Black-billed cuckoo.
99. Coccygus americanus (L.) Bp .- Yellow-ebllied cuckoo.
100. Picus villosus, (L.)-Hairy woodpecker.
101. Picus pubesceus (L.)-Lowny woodpecker.
102. Sphyrapicus varius, (L.) Bd .- Yellow-bellied woodpecker.
103. Centurus carolinus, (L.) Bp .- Red-bellied woodpecker.
104. Melanerpes erythrocephalus, (L.) Sw .- Red-headed woodpecker.
105. Colaptes auratus, (L.) Sw .- Flicker, or golden-winged wood-
pecker.
106. Bubo virginianus (Gm.) Bp .- Great horned owl.
107. Scops asio (L.) Bp .- Screech owl.
108. Otus vulgaris (L.) var. wilsonianus, (Less)-Long-eared owl.
109. Brachyotus palustris (Anct.)-Short-eared owl.
110. Syrnium nebulosum, (Forst.) Gm .- Barred owl.
111. Nyctea nivea (Dawd) Gr .- Snowy owl. Occurs rarely, only during severe winters.
36
566
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
112. Circus cyaneus (L.) var. hudsonius (L.) Cs,-Marsh hawk.
113. Nauclerus furcatus (L.) Vig .- Swallow-tailed kite.
114. Accipiter fuscus, (Gm.) Bp .- Sharp-shinned hawk.
115. Accipiter cooperi (Bp.) -- Cooper's hawk.
116. Astur atricapillus (Wils.) Bp .-- Goshawk.
117. Falco columbarius (L.)-Pigeon hawk.
118. Falco sparverius (L.)-Sparrow hawk.
119. Buteo borealis (Gm.) V .- Red-tailed buzzard or hen hawk.
120. Beuto lineatus (Gm.)-Red-shouldered buzzard.
121. Beuto pennsylvanicus (Wils.) Bp .- Broad- winged buzzard.
122. Beuto swainsoni (Bp.)-Swainson's bzzard.
123. Pandion halietus, (L.) Sav .- Fish-hawk; osprey; fish eagle.
124. Aquila chrysaetus, (L.)-Golden eagle.
125. Halietus leucocephalus (L.) Sav .- Bald eagle or white-headed
eagle. This is the emblem of our country. Both of the last two speci- mens occur quite frequently.
126. Cathartes aura (L.) Ill .- Turkey buzzard.
127. Ectopistes migratorius (L.) Sw .- Wild pigeons.
128. Zenædura carolinensis (L.) Bp .- Mourning dove, or Carolina dove; sometimes wrongly called turtle dove.
129. Meleagris gallopavo, (L.)-Wild turkey. These were formerly common, and a few may still be found in heavy timber. I saw three last fall in the heavy timber eight miles north of Iowa City.
130. Cupidonia cupido (L.) Bd .- Prairie hen or pinnated grouse.
131. Bonasa umbellus (L.) (Steph.)-Variously called ruffed grouse, partridge, and pheasant. The two last are wrong.
132. Ortyx virginianus, (L.) Bp .- Quail, bob-white, Virginia partridge.
133. Aegialitis vociferus, (L.) Cass .- Kildeer plover.
134.
Philohela minor (Gm.) Gray .- Woodcock.
135. Gallinago wilsoni, (Bd.) -- American snipe; Wilson's snipe.
136. Ereuntes pusillus, (L.) Cass .- Peep, or Semipalmated sand-piper.
137. Tringa minutilla (Vieill) .-- Least sand piper.
138. Tringa maculata (Vieill)-Jack snipe, grass snipe, pectoral snipe. 139. Totanus semipalmatus (Gm.)-Willet, semipalmated plover.
140. Totanus melanoleucus (Gm.)-Greater tell-tale, yellow shanks.
141. Totanus flavipes, (Gm.) Lesser tell-tale; lesser yellow shanks.
142. Totanus solitarius (Wil.)-Solitary tattler.
143. Tringoides macularius (Gray)-Tip-up, spotted sandpiper, or teeter-tail.
144. Actiturus bartramius (Wil.)-Bon .- Upland plover. This is a bird which farmers ought to protect on account of the large number of grubs which it destroys.
145. Tryngites rufescens (Vieill.)-Cab .- Buff-breasted sandpiper.
567
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
146. Numenius longirostris (Wil.)-Long-billed curlew. Rarely occurs
147. Numenius borealis (Lath.)-Esquimaux Curlew.
148. Ardea herodias (L.)-Great blue heron.
149. Garzetta candidissima (Jacq.) Bon .- Snowy Egret. One specimen seen in spring of 1881.
150. Ardea virescens (L.) Bon .- Green heron; Fly-up-the-creek.
151. Nyctiardea grisea (L.) var nevia, (Bodd.)-Allen-Night heron.
152. Botaurus minor (Gm.) Boie .- Bittern, Thunder pump, Stake driver. 153. Grus americanus (L.) Ord-White crane.
154 canadensis (L.) Lemm-Brown or sand hill crane. * The last two merely pass over during migratory season.
155. Rallus elegans (Aud.)-King rail.
virginianus (L.)-Virginia rail.
156. 157. Porzana carolina (L.) V .- Carolina rail. 158. Fulica americana (Gm.) Coot; Mud hen. 159. Cygnus buccinator (Rich.)-Trumpeter swan. And probably
Cygnus columbianus (Ord.)-Cs .- Whistling swan. Were fre- quently seen during migrations in former years.
Anser albifrons (Gm.) var. gambeli (Cs.)-White-fronted goose.
Branta canadensis (L.)-Wild goose, Canada goose.
160. 161. 162. hyperboreus (Pallas.)-Snow goose. 163. 164. Anas boschas (L.)-Mallard duck. 165. obscura (Gm.)-Black duck. 166. Dafila acuta (L.) Jen .- Pin-tail. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. Fuligula marila (L.)-Big scaup duck. 174. affinis (Eyton.)-Lesser scaup duck. 175. collaris (Don.)-Ring-necked duck. 176. 177. 178. 179. 180. Mergus cucullatus (L.)-Hooded merganser.
Chanlelasmus streperus (L.) Gray-Gadwall.
Mareca Americana (Gm.) Steph .- American Widgeon, Baldpate.
Querquedula discors (L.) Steph .- Blue-winged teal.
carolinensis (Gm.)-Green-winged teal.
Spatula clypeata (L.) Boie .- Shoveller, Spoon-bill. Aix sponsa (L.) Boie .- Wood duck, Summer duck.
ferina (L.) var. Americana (Eyton)-Red head.
" vallisneria (Wil.)-Canvas-back duck.
Bucephala albeola (L.)-Dipper, buffle head, butter ball.
Mergus merganser (L.)-Goosander, fish duck.
181. Pelicanus trachyrhynchus (Lath.)- White pelican; usually occurs in large flocks.
182. Graculus dilophus (Sw.)-Double crested cormorant.
*There are undoubtedly other waders here, especially during the migratory season, but I have not data to give record.
568
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
183.
Sterna hirundo (Auct.)-Sea swallow, Wilson's tern.
184. forsteri (Nutt.)-Forster's tern.
185. 66 caspia (Pall.) var. imperator (?) Cs .- Caspian tern.
186. superciliaris (Vieill.)-Least tern.
187. Hydrochelidon lariformis (L.)Black or Sooty tern.
188. Columbus torquatus (Brunn)-Loon, diver.
189. Podiceps cornutus (Gm.) -- Horned grebe.
190. Podilymbus podiceps (L.)-Hell diver, Pied billed grebe.
REPTILIA.
1. Cistudo clausa (Gm.)-Box turtle.
2. Chrysemys picta (Herm.) (?)-Painted turtle.
2. Malacoclemmys geographicus (Le. S.)-Map turtle.
4. Pseudemys hieroglyphica (Holbe)-Hieroglyphic turtle.
5. Chelydra serpentina (L.)-Snapping turtle.
6. Aspidonectes spinifer (Le. S.)-Soft-shelled turtle.
7. Phrynosoma douglasi (Bell.)-Horned toad; one specimen taken east of Iowa City in 1880. This is really a lizard and is very rare in Iowa.
S. Opheosaurus yentralis (L.)-Glass snake. This, also, is really a lizard, but without external legs.
9. Eumeces septentrionalis (Bd.)-Northern skink.
10. Heteodon platyrhinus (Lat.)-Blowing Viper.
11. Tropidonotus sipedon (L.)-Water snake.
12. 66 leberis (L.) (?)-Leather snake.
13. Eutaenia saurita (L.)-Riband Snake, or switt snake.
14. sirtalis (L.)-var. dorsalis (B. & G.)-Garter snake.
15. 66 var. parietalis (Say).
16. Bascanium constrictor (L.)-Black snake.
17 Pityophis melanoleucus (Daud.)-Bull snake.
18. Coluber obsoletus (Say.)-Pilot snake, or racer.
19. Liopeltis vernalis (DeK.)-Green snake, or spring snake.
20. Ophibolus doliatus (L.) var. triangulus (Boie.)-Spotted adder, milk snake, house snake.
21. Crotalus horridus (L.)-Banded, or timber rattlesnake.
22. Candisona tergemina (Say.)-Massassangas, prairie rattlesnake. [List not entirely complete.]
BATRACHIA.
1. Rana halecina (Kalm .- Leopard frog.
2. catesbiana (Shaw) -- Bull frog.
3. Hyla versicolor (LeC.)-Tree toad.
4. Bufo lentiginosus (Shaw.)-Toad.
5. Amblystoma mavortium .- Salamander.
6. Necturus lateralis (Say.) -- Mud puppy, water dog. [List not entirely complete.]
569
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
FISHES.
1. Pœcilichthys cræuleus (Stor.)-Rainbow fish, or blue darter; an exquisite, highly colored little fish.
2. Stizostethium vitreum (Mitch.)-Wall-eyed pike, yellow pike.
3. Microterus pallidus (Raf.)-Black bass.
4. Ambloplites rupestris (Raf.) -- Rock bass, goggle-eye.
5. Apomotis cyanellus (Raf.)-Blue-spotted sunfish.
6. Eupomotis aureus (Walb.)-Pumpkin-seed.
7. Pomoxys annularis (Raf.)-Crappie.(?)
8. Haploidonotus grunniens (Raf.)-Sheepshead.
9. Labidesthes sicculus (Cope.)-River silversides.
10. Zygonectes notatus (Raf.)-Top minnow.
11. Melanura limi (Kirt.)-Mud minnow.
12. Esox nobilior (Thomp.) -- Muskallunge, or great pike.
13 Hyodon tergisus (LeS.) -- Silver bass.
14. Alosa sapidissima (Wil.)-Shad; introduced by the State Fish Commissioner.
15. Campostoma anomala (Raf.)-Stone roller.
16. Luxilus cornutus (Mitch.)-Red fin, or common shiner.
17. Semotilus corporalis (Mitch.)-Common chub.
18. Ceratichthys biguttatus (Kirt.)-Horned chub.
19. Myxostoma macrolepida (LeS.)-Mullet, or red horse.
20. Catostomus teres (Mit.) -Common white sucker.
21. Carpiodes velifer (Raf.)-Quill-back.
22 Ichthyobus bubalus (Ag.) (?)-Buffalo-fish.
23. Ichthælurus punctatus (Raf.)-Channel catfish, blue cat.
Amiurus nigricans (LeS.)-Mississippi cat, great blue cat.
24. 25. catus (L.)-Bull-head cat.
26. Pelodichthys olivaris (Raf.)-Mud cat.
27. Anguilla rostrata (LeS.) -- Common eel.
28. Amia calva (L.) -- Dog-fish.
29. Lepidosteus osseus (L.) -- Gar pike.
30. Polyodon folium (Lac.)-Spoon-billed sturgeon.
31. Scaphirhynchops platyrhynchus (Raf.)-Shovel-nosed sturgeon,. shovel-fish.
This list is very incomplete. There are other species, particularly of minnows, but I have no records at hand.
Crustacea .- There are two, or perhaps three varieties of crayfish, besides a number of small crustaceans, which for want of a better name are commonly called water bugs, sand bugs, etc.
GENERAL SUMMARY.
In richess of natural products Johnson county equals any in the State. Of Mammals there are twenty-five species, representing twenty genera and twelve families. Number of specimens taken was about 100.
570
HISTORY OF JOHNSON COUNTY.
Of Birds there are 196 species, representing 136 genera and forty-two families. Of these, ten species are winter visitants only; twenty-three are residents, and about ninety-five breed here. The remainder are mere migrants or stragglers. Number of specimens taken, about 2,000.
Of Reptilia there are about eighteen species, representing about sixteen genera and six families. About 100 specimens taken.
Of Batrachia there are eight species, representing seven genera and six families. About 500 specimens taken.
Of Molluscas there are 119 species, representing forty genera and nine families. Of these, seventy one are Gasteropoda, and forty-eight are Lamellibranchiata. Over 50,000 taken.
PLANTS OF THE COUNTY.
Of Phenogamous, or flowering plants, I have studied about 210 species, representing 140 genera and sixty-one families. This, however, does not include all the species in the county. About 1,500 specimens taken.
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