USA > Iowa > Humboldt County > History of Kossuth and Humbolt counties, Iowa : together with sketches of their cities, villages, and townships, educational, civil, military, and political history, portraits of prominent persons, and biographies of representative citizens > Part 8
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85 | Part 86 | Part 87 | Part 88 | Part 89 | Part 90 | Part 91 | Part 92 | Part 93 | Part 94 | Part 95 | Part 96 | Part 97 | Part 98 | Part 99 | Part 100 | Part 101 | Part 102 | Part 103 | Part 104 | Part 105 | Part 106 | Part 107 | Part 108 | Part 109
In 1856 and 1858 large appropriations were made for the erection of public build- ings and the support of the unfortunate classes, and a loan of $200,000 was author- ized.
During the years 1858-60, the Sioux In- dians became troublesome in the north- western part of the State. They made frequent raids for the purpose of plunder, and on several occasions murdered whole families of settlers. In 1861 several com- panies of militia were ordered to that por- tion of the State to hunt down and expel the thieves. No battles were fought, the Indians fleeing as soon as they ascertained systematical measures had been adopted for their punishment.
In 1870 the General Assembly made an appropriation and provided for the appoint- ment of & Board of Commissioners to commence the work of building a new cap-
itol. The corner-stone was laid with ap- propriate ceremonies November 23, 1871. The building is a beautiful specimen of modern architecture.
When Wisconsin Territory was organ- ized, in 1836, the entire population of that portion of the Territory now embraced in the State of Iowa, was 10,531. The Terri- tory then embraced two counties, Dubuque and DesMoines, erected by the Territory of Michigan, in 1834. Since then, the counties have increased to ninety-nine, and the population in 1880 was 1,624,463. The following table will show the population at different periods since the erection of Iowa Territory:
Year.
Population.
1888
22,589
1840 43,115
1844 .75,152
1846
97,588
1847
116,651
1849
152,988
1850 .191,982
1851 204,774
1852
.230,713
1854
326,013
1856
519,055
1859
638,775
1860 674,913
1863
701,732
1865 .750,699
1867 .902,040
1869 1,040,819
1870
1,191,727
1873 1,251,333
1875
1,366,000
1880 1,624,463
The most populous county is Dubuque, 42,997. Polk county has 41,395, and Scott 41,270. Not only in population, but in
Dia zed by Google
.
66
HISTORY OF IOWA.
everything contributing to the growth and greatness of a State has Iowa made rapid progress. In a little more than thirty-five years its wild but beautiful prairies have advanced from the home of the savage to a highly civilized commonwealth, embra- cing all the elements of progress which characterize the older States.
The first railroad across the State was completed to Council Bluffs in January, 1861. The completion of three others soon followed.
In 1854 there was not a mile of railroad in Iowa. Within the succeeding twenty years, 3,765 miles were built and put in successful operation.
The present value of buildings for State institutions, including the estimated cost of the capitol, is as follows :
State Capitol. $2,500,000
State University. 400,000
Agricultural College and Farm. 800,000
Institution for the Blind. ... 150,000
Institution for the Deaf and
Dumb. 225,000 Institutions for the Insane. 1,149,000
Orphans' Home 62,000
Penitentiaries. 408,000
Normal School 50,000
90,000
R form School
The State has never levied more than two and one-half mills on the dollar for State tax, and this is at present the consti- tutional limit. The State has no debt.
No other influence has contributed so much to the progress and development of Iowa as the newspapers of the State. No class of men have labored more assiduously and disinterestedly for the development of the State and the advancement of her ma- terial interests, than her editors. There
are now published in Iowa 25 daily papers, 364 Weekly papers, and 13 monthly publi- cations. These are as a rule well supported by the people.
Sach is briefly a summary of the history and resources of Iowa. There is perhaps no other country on earth where so few people are either rich or poor as in Iowa; where there is such an equality of condi- tion, and where so many enjoy a compe- tence. The law exempts from execution a homestead to every head of a family. Every sober, industrious man can in a short time acquire a home. Iowa is the home for the immigrant. The children of the laboring man have no prejudice of caste to overcome in the effort they may choose to make for the improvement of their condi- tion in life. Here all men enjoy the alien. able blessings of "life, liberty and the pur- suit of happiness," not only unfettered by legal disabilities, but also untrammeled by those fixed conditions of social and busi- ness life that elsewhere result from accu- mulated wealth in the possession of the few. As education is free, so also the ave- nues of success are open in every pursuit and calling. The highest incentives exist to exertion. Labor and effort, whether manual or mental, are held alike honorable; and idleness and crime are alone consid- ered disreputable.
Thriving cities and towns dot the land; an iron net-work of thousands of miles of railroads is woven over its broad acres; 10,000 school-houses, in which more than 500,000 children are being taught the rudi- ments of education, testify to the culture and liberality of the people; high schools, colleges and universities, are generously eudowed by the State; manufactories are
Digitized by Google
1
L
HISTORY OF IOWA.
1
busy on all her water-courses, and in most of her cities and towns.
We quote from Judge Nourse: "The great ultimate fact that America would demonstrate is, the existence of a people capable of attaining and preserving a su- perior civilization, with a government self- mjwed, self-administered and self perpet- usted. In this age of wonderful progress, America can exhibit nothing to the wall of mankind more wonderful or more glo. rious, than her new States-young empires,
born of her own enterprise, and tutored at her own politteal hear the stone. Well inty sie way to the mos archives of the old wild. win look toys dement her regal grandeur and state: ddd. these are my jewels " Mak Hay she never bạch to add: . This ow in the center of the diadem is called
The following is the consna of Iowa by cunyttes, as taken by the National Gov- erin it at each leesde:
CENSUS OF IOWA.
COUNTIES.
1640.
1-5.1.
1-70
Adar
11.19)
A 4:114
1
11.1-4
A onaken
1:
1
4.
An
BwkHawk
7 6
Bremer
4 415
H .c. nhan
7 .. .
17. 4
1× 47
H ota Vita
HHtrF
3. 7
14 . 11
147
.
1
12 .41
1 1.
5 4. 4
1. 91'
1, 23
12. 51+
19.
=
11. 4. 1
Creroken
M.
14, .4
CAV
4.749
I ran ford
15. 41.
Dallas
11 :40
Decatur
IT - 4
3.
-41
Einwelt
Faretto
-
Frete .lit
--
- ١٩٠ ٢٠٢٠٠٥٠
1
.
Dia zedby Google
Cerro Gordo
4 .
11,112
4. ...
14,.P1
.V. P.4
6
68
HISTORY OF IOWA.
CENSUS OF IOWA-Continued.
COUNTIES.
1840.
1850.
1860.
1870.
1880.
Hamilton
1, 699
6, 055
11,252
Hancook
5,440
13, 684
17,808
Harrison
3, 778
8, 707
3, 108
6, 992
10,8337
Howard
6, 341
Humboldt
43
226
4, 382
Ida . ..
Iowa .
1, 411
7,210
18, 493
22, 619
¥3.771
Jasper ...
2, 773
9,904
15, 038
17.839
17,478
Jobneon
1, 49€
4,472
17, 573
24,898
25, 429
Jones .
471
3, 007
13,306
19.731
21, 259
Kosanth
6, 093
18,861
29, 232
37,210
84, 859
Lee ...
1,373
5. 444
18,947
28.839
37, 235
Linn ..
1,92;
4,939
10, 370
12, 877
13, 146
Louisa.
471
5, 766
10, 3-8
14, 530
Lucas
221
1,968
Lyon .
1, 179
7,339
13, 884
17, 225
Madison
5.9-9
14, 816
25, 5/ 8
25. 201
Marion
5,483
16,811
24, 436
23, 759
Marshall
8,716
14, 135
Mills ...
14, 361
Mitchell
81
3, 654
9, 055
Monona
2, 884
8, 612
14,724
15, N95
Montgomery
6. 731
16, 444
21, 688
4. 155
O'Brien.
2, 219
Osceola
551
4, 419
9.975
19, 667
Page .
132
1.336
4,131
Palo Alto
148
2 199
8, 567
Plymouth
103
1.446
3,713
Pocahontas
4.511
11.623
87. 837
42, 195
Polk
4.964
16, 893
39.846
Pottawattamie
615
5,668
15, 5×1
18, 936
Ringgold
216
1,4:1
8, 771
Scott
2.140
HIN
2. 549
12, 696
Shelby
10
570
6,426
Sioux
4, 051
11, 651
16, 966
Story.
A
5, 283
16, 131
21.5-5
Tama
3.590
6, 989
15, 635
Taylor
$ 014
5, 9-6
14 9%0
Union
6, 116
17, 081
17,672
17,04%
Van Buren
8, 461
14.51zł
22. 346
25,282
Warren
4. 9. 7
14, 235
J8, 952
20, 375
Washington
340
6. 41 9
11, 287
16, 127
Wayne.
¥, 504
10, 484
15, 950
Webster ..
168
1, 52%
4,917
Winnebago
! 46
13,94%
23,570
23, 937
Woodbury
75%
2, 892
7,953
Worth ..
653
2, 392
5, 062
Wright.
Total
43, 112
192, 214
674,913
1, 191, 792
1, 624, 463
Hardin ..
3,021
8,931
16, 649
18, 701
21. 463
20, 826
Henry ..
Jack son
1, 280
9.883
2, 116
25, 902
Jefferson
21, 05%
Keokuk
4. 8:21
13,971
19, 434
416
3, 351
6, 179
Mabaska
25, 111
Mangue
1, 256
5, 934
23,16%
Muscatine.
1,912
25,939
88,509
41,270
Wapello
10. 281
17,980
19,578
Poweshiek
9, 921
5, 691
12, 085
6, 015
17,576
4, 481
3, 404
9,582
13, 719
8,0%9
16, 664
19, 291
179
999
8, 453
1
Digitized by Google
Winneshink
1, 119
6,172
14, 997
12, 270
1,594
5,986
715
2, 50G
4 1
HISTORY OF IOWA.
CHAPTER VII.
-
GEOLOGY-TOPOGRAPHY-WATER COURSES.
Goodogiste divide the soil of Iowa into State, and Jad'a out to the Missouri river three general division -drift, Wulf ul paar of the surface ot ila State the bih the offer The Mail les the next meatest andof surface, and the divine est. Af wat is disintegrated rock. The dritt die. pasit of Iwa was derived, to a cars for- ade extent, from the reeks of Minnesota; but the greater part of Iowa drift wis de rived from its own rocks, much of which has been transported but a short distance. In northern and northwestern lowva the drift contains more sand and grivel than elsewhere. In southern lowas the wall is frequently stiff and davey The bluff son is found only in the western part of the |
Although it contains less than om per cent. of clay in its comp spion, it is in the pr -pret inferior to the best drift soil. T .... aduvid soll is that of the thood plais of the river valleys, or hatom louis Tra
la a las part of it is mutualy al n th of the hochest thead, but is very pre
The studied ress & loweringe I'm the Azure to the Mes ze, incatsive; hop the gre tter portion of ter surfare et che State is ve mồi 1 by Des Độ the Pai ước Age. The tabir below will show eachad these formations me the sender:
BY-TRMS
11 1 .
Cretaceous
( Ies) Tertiary ..
Drift
10 t41 .61
1
1
..
Carboniferous
1
1
ti
1
Lien'un.
Lower Silurian.
1
Azule
4
1
r
Ing Led by Google
1
1
17:
1
70
HISTORY OF IOWA.
AZOIC SYSTEM.
The Sioux quartzite is found exposed in natural ledges only upon a few acres in the extreme northwest corner of the State, upon the banks of the Big Sioux river, for which reason the specific naine of Sioux quartzite has been given them. It is an intensely hard rock, breaks in splintery fracture, and of a color varying, in different localities, from a light to deep red. The process of metamorphism has been so complete throughout the whole formation, that the rock is almost every- where of uniform texture. The dip is four or five degrees to the northward, and the trend of the outcrop is east vard and westward.
LOWER SILURIAN SYSTEM.
Primordial Group .- The Potsdam sand- stone formation is exposed only in a small portion of the northeastern part of the State. It is only to be seen in the bases of the bluffs and steep valley sides which border the river there. It is nearly value- less for economic purposes. No fossils have been discovered in this formation in Iowa.
Lower Magnesian Limestone. - This formation has but little greater geographi- cal extent in Iowa than the Potsdam sand- stone. It lacks a uniformity of texture and stratification, owing to which it is not generally valuable for building purposes. The only fossils found in this formation in the State are a few traces of crinoids, near McGregor.
The St. Peters sandstone formation is remarkably uniform in thickness through-
out its known geographical extent, and it occupies a large portion of the northern half of Allamakee county, immediately beneath the drift.
Trenton Group .- With the exception of the Trenton limestone, all the limestones of both Upper and Lower Silurian age in Iowa are magnesian limestone - nearly pure dolomites. This formation occupies large portions of Winneshiek and Allama- kee counties and a small part of Clayton The greater part of it is useless for eco- nomic purposes; but there are some com- pact, even layers that furnish fine material for window-caps and sills. Fossils are so abundant in this formation that in some places the rock is made up of a mass of shells, corals and fragments of trilobites, cemented by calcareous material into a solid rock. Some of these fossils are new to science and peculiar to Iowa.
The Galena limestone is the upper form- ation of the Trenton Group. It is 150 miles long, and seldom exceeds 12 miles in width. It exhibits its greatest develop- ment in Dubuque county. It is nearly a pure dolomite, with a slight admixture of silicous matter; good blocks for dressing are sometimes found near the top of the bed, although it is usually unfit for such a purpose. This formation is the source of the lead ore of the Dubuque lead mines. The lead region proper is confined to an area of about 15 miles square in the vicinity of Dubuque. The ore occurs in vertical fissures, which traverse the rock at regular intervals from east to west; some is found in those which have a north and south direc- tion. This ore is mostly that known as Galena, or sulphuret of lead, very small
Digitized by Google
71
HISTORY OF IOWA.
quantities only of the carbonate being found with it.
Cincinnati Group -The surface ocon- pied by the Maquoketa shales is more than 100 miles in length, but is singularly long and narrow, seldom reaching a mile or two in width. The most northern exposure yet recognized is in the western part of Winneshiek county, while the most south- erly is in Jackson county, in the bluffs of the Mississippi. The formation is largely composed of bluish and brownish shales, sometimes slightly arenaceous, sometimes calcareous, which weather into a tenacious clay upon the surface, and the soil derived from it is usually stiff and clayey. Several species of fossils which characterize the Cincinnati Group are found in the Maquo- keta shales, but they contain a larger num- ber than have been found anywhere else in these shales in Iowa, and their distinct faunal characteristics seem to warrant the separation of the Maquoketa shales as a distinct formation from others in the group.
UPPER SILURIAN SYSTEM.
Niagara Group .- The area occupied by the Niagara limestone is 40 and 50 miles in width, and nearly 160 miles long, from north to south. This formation is entirely a magnesian limestone, with a considerable portion of silicious matter, in some places, in the form of chert or coarse flint. A. large part of it probably affords the best. and greatest amount of quarry rock in the State. The quarries at Anamosa, LeClaire and Farley are all opened in this forma -. tion.
DEVONIAN SYSTEM.
Hamilton Group .- The area of surface occupied by the Hamilton limestone and
shales is as great as those by all the form- ations of both Upper and Lower Silurian age in the State. Its length is nearly 200 miles, and width from 40 to 50. A large part of the material of this is quite worth- less, yet other portions are valuable for economic purposes; and, having a large geographical extent in the State, is a very important formation. Its value for the production of hydraulic lime has been demonstrated at Waverly, Bremer county; the heavier piers and other material re- quiring strength and durability. All the Devonian strata of Iowa evidently belong to a single epoch. The most conspicuous and characteristic fossils of this formation are brachiopodes, corals and mullusks. The coral Acervularia Davidsoni occurs near Iowa City, and is known as "Iowa City marble" and "Bird's Eye marble."
CARBONIFEROUS SYSTEM.
Of the three groups of formations that constitute the carboniferous, viz: the sub- carboniferous, coal measures and Permian, only the first two are found in Iowa.
Subcarboniferous Group .- This group occupies a very large area of surface. Its eastern border passes from the northeast- ern part of Winnebago county, with con- siderable directness in a southeasterly direction to the northern part of Washing- ton county. It then makes a broad and direct bend nearly eastward, striking the Mississippi at Muscatine. The southern and western boundaries are to a consider- able extent the same as that which separates it from the real field. From the southern part of Pocahontas county it passes south- east to Fort Dodge, thence to Webster City, thence to a point 3 or 4 miles north-
Digitized by Google
5
78
HISTORY OF IOWA.
east of Eldora, in Hardin county, thence southward to the middle of the north line of Jasper county, thence southeastward to Sigourney, in Keokuk county, thence to the northeastern corner of Jefferson county, thence sweeping a few miles eastward to the southeast corner of Van Buren county. Its aro is about 250 miles long, and from 20 to 50 miles wide.
The Kinderhook Beds .- The most south- erly exposure of these beds is in Des- Moines county, near the mouth of Skunk river. The most northerly now known is in the eastern part of Pocahontas county, more than 200 miles distant. The princi- pal exposures of this formation are along the bluffs which border the Mississippi and Skunk rivers, where they form the eastern and northern boundary of DesMoines county; along English river, in Washing- ton county; along the Iowa river in Tama, Marshall, Hamlin and Franklin counties, and along the DesMoines river in Hum- boldt county. This formation has consid- erable economic value, particularly in the northern portion of the region it occupies. In Pocahontas and Humboldt counties it is invaluable, as no other stone except a few boulders are found here. At Iowa Falls the lower division is very good for building purposes. In Marshall county all the limestone to be obtained comes from this formation, and the quarries near Le Grand are very valuable. At this point some of the layers are finely veined with peroxide of iron, and are wrought into both useful and ornamental objects. In Tama county the oolitic member is well exposed, where it is manufactured into lime. Upon exposure to atmosphere and frost it crum-
bles to pieces; consequently it is not valu- able for building purposes.
The remains of fishes are the only fossils yet discovered in this formation that can be referred to the sub-kingdom Vertebrata; and so far as yet recognized, they all be- long to the order Se achians Of Articu- ticulates, only two species have been recog- nized, both of which belong to the genus Phillipsia. The sub-kingdom Mollusca is also largely represented. The Radiata are represented by a few crinoids, usually found in a very imperfect condition. The sub-kingdom is also represented by corals. The prominent feature in the life of this epoch was molluscan. It overshadowed all other branches of the animal kingdom. The prevailing classes are: Lamellibranch- istes, in the more arenaceous portions; and Brachropods in the more calcareous por- tions. No remains of vegetation have been detected in any of the strata of this formation.
The Burlington limestone formation consists of two distinct calcareous divi- sions, separated by a series of siliceons beds; both divisions are crinoidal. The Burlington limestone is carried down by the southerly dip of the Iowa rocks, so that it is seen for the last time in the State in the valley of Skunk river, near the south- ern boundary of Des Moines county, which is the most northerly point that it has been found, but it probably exists as far north as Marshall county. Much valuable mate- rial is afforded by this formation for eco- nomic purposes. The upper division furnishes excellent common quarry rock. Geologists are attracted by the great abundance and variety of its fossils-cri- noids-now known to be more than 300.
Dhiszed by Google
73
HISTORY OF IOWA.
The only remains of vertebrates discov. ered in this formation are those of fishes, and consist of teeth and spines. Boncs of bony fish, on Buffington creek, Louisa county, is an exposure so fully charged with these remains that it might with pro- priety be called bone breccia.
Remains of Articulates are rare in this formation; so far as yet discovered, they are confined to two species of trilobites of the genus Phillipsia. Fossil shells are very common.
The two lowest classes of the sub-king- dom Radiata are represented in the genera Zaphrentis, Amplexus and Syringaposa, while the highest class, Echinoderms, are found in most extraordinary profusion.
The Keokuk limestone formation is to be seen only in four counties-Lee, Van Buren, Henry and DesMoines. In some localities the upper siliceons portion is known as the Geode bed; it is not recog- nizable in the northern portion of the formation, nor in connection with it where it is exposed, about 80 miles below Keo- kuk. The geodes of the Geode bed are more or less masses of silex, usually hol- low and lined with crystals of quartz; the outer crust is rough and unsightly, but the crystals which stud the interior are often very beautiful; they vary in size from the size of a walnut to a foot in diameter.
This formation is of great economic value. Large quantities of its stone have been used in the finest structures in the State, among which are the postoffices at Dubuque and DesMoines. The principal quarries are along the banks of the Missis- sippi, from Keokuk to Nauvoo. The only vertebrate fossils in the formation are fishes, all belonging to the order Selachians,
some of which indicate that their owners reached a length of 25 or 30 feet. Of the Articulates, only two species of the genus Phillipsia have been found in this forma- tion. Of the Mollusks no Cephalopods have yet been recognized in this forma- tion in Iowa. Gasteropods are rare; Brachiopods and Polyzoans . are quite abundant. Of Radiates, corals of genera Zaphrentis, Amplexus and Aulopora are found, but crinoids are most abundant. Of the low forms of animal life, the proto- zoans, a small fossil related to the sponges, is found in this formation in small num- bers.
The St. Louis limestone is the uppermost of the sub-carboniferous group in Iowa. It occupies a small superficial area, consisting of long, narrow strips, yet its extent is very great. It is first seen resting on the geode division of the Keokuk limestone, near Keokuk; proceeding northward, it forms a narrow border along the edge of the coal fields in Lee, Des Moines, Henry, Jefferson, Washington, Keokuk and Ma- haska counties; it is then lost sight of until it appears again in the banks of Boone river, where it again passes out of view under the Coal Measures, until it is next seen in the banks of the DesMoines, near Fort Dodge. As it exists in Iowa, it consists of three tolerably distinct sub- divisions-the magnesian, arenaceous and calcareous. 'The upper division furnishes excellent material for quicklime, and when quarries are well opened, as in the north- western part of VanBuren county, large blocks are obtained. The sandstone, or middle division, is of little economic value. The lower, or magnesian division, furnishen a valuable and durable stone, exposures of
Dhi zed by Google
1.
.
74
HISTORY OF IOWA.
which are found on Lick creek, in Van Buren county, and on Long creek, seven miles west of Burlington.
Of the fossils of this formation, the vertebrates are represented only by the remains of fish, belonging to the two orders, Selachians and Ganoids. The Articulates are represented by one species of the trilobite, genus Phillipsia; and two ostracoid genera, Cythra and Beyricia. The Mollusks distinguished this formation more than any other branch of the animal kingdom. Radiates are exceedingly rare, showing a marked contrast between this formation and the two preceding it.
The Coal Measure Group is properly divided into three formations, viz: the Lower, Middle and Upper Coal Measures; each having a vertical thickness of about two hundred feet.
The Lower Coal Measures exists east- ward and northward of the DesMoines river, and also occupy a large area west- ward and southward of that river; but their southerly dip passes below the Middle Coal Measure at no great distance from the river. This formation possesses greater economic value than any other in the whole State. The clay that underlies almost every bed of coal, furnishes a large amount of material for potters' use. The sandstone of these measures is usually soft and unfit for use; but in some places, as in Red Rock, in Marion county, blocks of large dimensions are obtained, which make good building material, samples of which can be seen in the State Arsenal, at Des Moines.
But few fossils have been found in any of the strata of the Lower Coal Measures, but such animal remains as have been
found are, without exception, of marine origin. All fossil plants found in these measures, probably belong to the cl.iss Acrogens. Specimens of Calamites and several species of ferns are found in all the Coal Measures, but the genus Lepidoden- dron seems not to have existed later than the epoch of the Middle Coal Measures. The latter formation occupies a narrow belt of territory in the southern-central portion of the State, embracing a superfi- cial area of about 1,400 square miles The counties underlaid by this formation are, Guthrie, Dallas, Po'k, Madison, Warren, Clarke, Lucas, Monroe, Wayne and Appa- noose.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.