USA > Iowa > Clinton County > The history of Clinton County, Iowa, containing a history of the county, its cities, towns &c., biographical sketches of citizens > Part 31
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The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session.
SEC. 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such mea- sures as he shall judge necessary and expedient ; he may on extraordinary
275
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES
occasions convene both houses, or either of them. and in case of disagree- ment between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers ; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States.
SEC. 4. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and con viction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.
ARTICLE III.
SECTION I. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.
SEC. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority ; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls ; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party ; to controversies between two or more states; between a state and citizens of another state; between citizens of differ- ent states ; between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens, or subjects.
In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction.
In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.
The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury ; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed ; but when not committed within any state, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed.
SEC. 3. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levy- ing war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the tes- timony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.
The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture except during the life of the person attainted.
ARTICLE IV.
SECTION 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And
276
AND ITS AMENDMENTS.
the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such aets, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.
SEC. 2. The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states.
A person charged in any state with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice and be found in another state, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the state having jurisdiction of the crime.
No person held to service or labor in one state, under the laws thereof escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on the claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due.
SEC. 3. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state ; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the Legislatures of the states concerned, as well as of the Congress.
The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States ; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States or of any particular state.
SEc. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion, and on application of the Legislature, or of the Execu- tive (when the Legislature can not be convened), against domestic vio- lence.
ARTICLE V.
The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the ap- plication of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of this Constitution, when rati- fied by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several states, or by con- ventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratifi- cation may be proposed by the Congress. Provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article ; and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate.
ARTICLE VI.
All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adop- tion of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution as under the Confederation.
This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land ; and the Judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the mem-
277
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES
bers of the several state Legislatures, and all executive and judicial offi- cers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution ; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States.
ARTICLE VII.
The ratification of the Conventions of nine states shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between the states so ratifying the same.
Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the states present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the independence of the United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names.
GEO. WASHINGTON, President and Deputy from Virginia.
New Hampshire. JOHN LANGDON, NICHOLAS GILMAN.
Massachusetts. NATHANIEL GORHAM, RUFUS KING.
Connecticut. WM. SAM'L JOHNSON, ROGER SHERMAN.
New York. ALEXANDER HAMILTON.
New Jersey. WIL. LIVINGSTON, WM. PATERSON, DAVID BREARLEY, JONA. DAYTON.
Pennsylvania. B. FRANKLIN, ROBT. MORRIS, THOS. FITZSIMONS, JAMES WILSON, THOS. MIFFLIN, GEO. CLYMER, JARED INGERSOLL, Gouv. MORRIS.
Delaware. GEO. READ,
JOHN DICKINSON, JACO. BROOM, GUNNING BEDFORD, JR., RICHARD BASSETT.
Maryland. JAMES M'HENRY, DANL. CARROLL, DAN. OF ST. THOS. JENIFER.
Virginia. JOHN BLAIR, JAMES MADISON, JR.
North Carolina. WM. BLOUNT, HU. WILLIAMSON, RICH'D DOBBS SPAIGHT.
. South Carolina.
J. RUTLEDGE, CHARLES PINCKNEY, CHAS. COTESWORTH PINCKNEY, PIERCE BUTLER.
Georgia. WILLIAM FEW, ABR. BALDWIN.
WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary.
278
AND ITS AMENDMENTS.
ARTICLES IN ADDITION TO AND AMENDATORY OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Proposed by Congress and ratified by the Legislatures of the several states, pursuant to the fifth article of the original Constitution.
ARTICLE I.
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
ARTICLE II.
A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.
ARTICLE III.
No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war but in a manner to be pre- seribed by law.
ARTICLE IV.
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be vio- lated ; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by cath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.
ARTICLE V.
No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger ; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb ; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
ARTICLE VI.
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation ; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
ARTICLE VII.
In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact
281
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES
tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States than according to the rules of the common law.
ARTICLE VIII.
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
ARTICLE IX.
The enumeration, in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
ARTICLE X.
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.
ARTICLE XI.
The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or sub- jects of any foreign state.
ARTICLE XII.
The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person to be voted for as president, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice- President, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest number not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two- thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a Presi- dent whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice- President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be the majority of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have a major-
282
AND ITS AMENDMENTS.
ity, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President ; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.
ARTICLE XIII.
SECTION 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their juris- diction.
SEC. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appro- priate legislation.
ARTICLE XIV.
SECTION 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States, and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
SEC. 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of per- sons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed ; but when the right to vote at any election for the choice of Electors for President and Vice- President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the execu- tive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twenty-one years of age and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged except for participation in rebellion or other crimes, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the num- ber of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state.
SEC. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or Elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previ- ously taken an oath as a Member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state Legislature, or as an execu- tive or judicial officer of any state to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability.
SEC. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States author- ized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and boun- ties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be ques- tioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall pay any debt or obligation incurred in the aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any loss or emancipation of any slave, but such debts, obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and void.
283
ARTICLE XV.
SECTION 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any State, on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
VOTE FOR GOVERNOR, 1877, AND PRESIDENT, 1876.
1877. Governor.
1876. President.
1877. Governor.
1876. President.
COUNTIES.
COUNTIES.
Rep.
Dem.
Gr.
Pro.
Rep.
Dem.
Rep.
Dem.
Gr.
Pro.
Rep.
Dem.
Adair.
982
161
581
15
1334
593 Johnson.
1884
2345
273
2345
3563
Adams.
870
397
4×5
3.8
1376
626 Jones
1868
1218
14
GS
2591
1763
Allamakee
1547
1540
69
36
1709
1646
Keokuk
1772
1526
322
105
2364
1862
Appanoose
1165
1049
729
32
1711
1419
Kossuth
463
236
13
89
638
227
Andubon
410
352
26
.1:27
352
Lee
2157
2863
350
299
3160
3682
Benton.
1432
712
567
449
2901
1356
Linn
2524
2316
75
585
4331
2917
Black Hawk
1780
1111
95
241
2979
1592
Louisa
1328
817
89
108
1920
1008
Boone ..
1612
981
466
10
2018
1305
Lucas
1203
804
103
12
1478
1044
Bremer
1180
582
196
1
1737
757
Lyon
261
17
9
14
262
4€
Buchanan
1290
769
725
223
2227
1416
Madison
1792
1077
616
56
2246
1538
Buena Vista.
747
192
161
20
770
200
Mahaska
1823
1056
1011
596
3221
1701
780 Marion
1976
1866
760
95
2736
2304
Calhoun.
418
75
171
74
622
196, Marshall
1448
837
389
504
305G
1189
Carroll
633
744
141
11
799
771 Mills
1435
1102
98
28
1452
1165
Cass
1592
839
116
30
1876
979 Mitchell
1396
459
35
36
1663
671
Cedar.
1315
1093 348
72
40
1276
448 Monroe
1034
928
217
26
1418
1246
Cherokee ..
7 E
383
864
175
Montgomery
1122
441
532
47
1749
759
Chickasaw
1279
1107
37
94
1574
1090; Muscatine
1753
1775
171
387
2523
2075
Clark
1054
267
813
19
1405
816 O'Brien. 94 Osceola.
295
40
13
33
329
59
Clayton
1873
1770
66
167
2662
2621
l'age
1166
508
348
293
2243
861
Clinton
2144
2327
286
66
3654
311
357
77
39
835
374
141
Davis
893
1231
803
12
1586
1631 Polk
3171
1885
1353
94
4321
2382
Decatur
1269
961
310
19
1647
2223
2059
218
121
2565
2414
Delaware.
1226
1143
32
525
2233
1496
882
420
346
2509
1083
Des Moines
2315
1384
767
6
3325
2917 Ringgold
964
71
177
13
661
166
Dubuque
1587
3415
406
53
2798
4977 Scott
3031
1963
309
37
3819
2853
Emmett
213
28
889
27
3029
1709 Sioux
436
132
49
439
220
Floyd.
1233
208
162
30
2032
751 Story
1260
344
644
187
1843
579
Franklin
1311
336
16
10
1178
379 Tama
1426
833
196
133
2337
1317
Fremont
1250
1331
334
1658
1682 Taylor
1325
293
868
1727
676
Greene
1031
215
551
27
1310
8
1099
417 Van Buren
1490
1305
301
130
2113
1661
Guthrie
1160
496
364
21
1434
629 Wapello
17:0
1029
1265
296
2582
2412
Hamilton
842
265
422
57
1187
425 Warren
1726
944
742
101
2439
1315
Hancock
340
95
29
2
281
99
Washington
1687
1221
303
112
2467
1508
Hardin
1492
661
238
154
2152
980 Wayne
1316
832
404
3
1692
1341
Harrison
1348
86;
523
19
1557
1386 Webster
850
127
1.121
47
1299
987
Henry
1770
424
1041
140
2809
1485
Winnebago
544
40
1009
279
238
2759
1617
lInmboldt.
382
149
115
64
523
183' Woodbury
1109
867
226
9
1034
997
Ida
321
54
104
212
57 Worth
628
132
8
14
703
149
Jasper.
1977
1154
101>
263
3375
1.804
Totals
121546
79353
3422>
10639
171332 112121
Jefferson.
1396
7531
576
109
2166
1449!
Majorities.
42193
Total vote, 1877, 245,766, 1876 (including_949 Greenback), 292,943.
VOTE FOR CONGRESSMEN, 1876.
District.
Rep.
Dem.
R. Maj.
Total.
Maj. '74.
District.
Rep.
Dem.
R. Maj.
Total.
Maj. '74.
1
17188
14814
2374
32002
D. 1863
VII
19496
11688
7808
31184
R. 2300
II
16439
14683
1756
31122
R. 657 VIII
19358
15236
4122
34594
R. 2127
III
17423
16100
1323
33523
D. 63
IX
19563
10583
8980
30146
R. 5849
1V
20770
9379
11391
30149
R. 3824
V
19274
11154
8120
30428
R. 5243
168289 118356
49933
*292111
VI
18778| 147191
4059
33497/ R. 2724
1
898
651
19
111
1043
638 Plymouth
779
Dallas.
1541
215
1241
80
2136
752 Pocahontas
370
93
44
36
47
1246
42.
Dickinson
197
00
12
259
246
36 Shelby
888
639
3
16
897
631
Fayette .
517
16
20
67
567
1445
Monona
580
119
432
9
713
304
Cerro Gordo.
903
758
19
95
1828
2328
306
21
201
14
463
116
Clay
3
343
333
Crawford
48 Sac .
656
128
516
830
63
1238
795
Grundy
909
504
201
519
1194
600:
Winneshiek
2074
Iowa
1132
1120
642
228
1870
1348 Wright
391
166
117
95
574
184
Jackson
1619
1966
224
15
2126
2185
lloward
551
647
498
510 Union
899
487
Butler
1453
562
206
416
3398' Palo Alto
1282 Potta wattamie.
1466' Poweshick
1933
1067
Total vote, 1874, 184,640 ; aggregate Republican majority, 24,524. * Including 5,466 Greenback votes.
592111
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
PRACTICAL RULES FOR EVERY DAY USE.
How to find the gain or loss per cent. when the cost and selling price are given.
RULE .- Find the difference between the cost and selling price, which will be the gain or loss.
Annex two ciphers to the gain or loss, and divide it by the cost price ; the result will be the gain or loss per cent.
How to change gold into currency.
RULE .- Multiply the given sum of gold by the price of gold.
How to change currency into gold.
Divide the amount in currency by the price of gold.
How to find each partner's share of the gain or loss in a copartnership business.
RULE .-- Divide the whole gain or loss by the entire stock, the quo- tient will be the gain or loss per cent.
Multiply each partner's stock by this per cent., the result will be each one's share of the gain or loss.
How to find gross and net weight and price of hogs.
A short and simple method for finding the net weight, or price of hogs, when the gross weight or price is given, and vice versa.
NOTE .- It is generally assumed that the gross weight of Hogs diminished by 1-5 or 20 per cent. of itself gives the net weight, and the net weight increased by X or 25 per cent. of itself equals the gross weight.
To find the net weight or gross price.
Multiply the given number by .8 (tenths.)
To find the gross weight or net price.
Divide the given number by .8 (tenths.)
How to find the capacity of a granary, bin, or wagon-bed.
RULE .- Multiply (by short method) the number of cubic feet by 6308, and point off ONE decimal place-the result will be the correct nswer in bushels and tenths of a bushel.
For only an approximate answer, multiply the cubic feet by 8, and point off one decimal place.
How to find the contents of a corn-crib.
RULE .- Multiply the number of cubic feet by 54, short method, or
(284)
285
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
by 4} ordinary method, and point off ONE decimal place-the result will be the answer in bushels.
NOTE .- In estimating corn in the ear, the quality and the time it has been cribbed must be taken into consideration, since corn will shrink considerably during the Winter and Spring. This rule generally holds good for corn measured at the time it is cribbed, provided it is sound and clean.
How to find the contents of a cistern or tank.
RULE .- Multiply the square of the mean diameter by the depth (all in feet) and this product by 5681 (short method), and point off ONE decimal place-the result will be the contents in barrels of 31} gallons.
How to find the contents of a barrel or cask.
RULE .- Under the square of the mean diameter, write the length (all in inches) in REVERSED order, so that its UNITS will fall under the TENS ; multiply by short method, and this product again by 430 ; point off one decimal place, and the result will be the answer in wine gallons.
How to measure boards.
RULE .- Multiply the length (in feet) by the width (in inches) and divide the product by 12-the result will be the contents in square feet.
How to measure scantlings, joists, planks, sills, etc.
RULE .- Multiply the width, the thickness, and the length together (the width and thickness in inches, and the length in feet), and divide the product by 12-the result will be square feet.
How to find the number of acres in a body of land.
RULE .- Multiply the length by the width (in rods), and divide the product by 160 (carrying the division to 2 decimal places if there is a remainder) ; the result will be the answer in acres and hundredths.
When the opposite sides of a piece of land are of unequal length, add them together and take one-half for the mean length or width.
How to find the number of square yards in a floor or wall.
RULE .- Multiply the length by the width or height (in feet), and divide the product by 9, the result will be square yards.
How to find the number of bricks required in a building.
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