USA > Iowa > Mahaska County > The history of Mahaska County, Iowa, containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, &c., a biographical directory of its citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion, general and local statistics > Part 57
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The colored school was at this time held in the colored church, but the pupils are now in the schools in common with the white children.
In March, 1876, the growing wants of the city for more room to be used for school purposes, were made known to the citizens, and bonds to the amount of sixteen thousand dollars were voted for the purpose of building two new structures, in the first and fourth wards. These buildings were planned to be exactly alike, being two stories brick, with eight rooms and a seating capacity of 400 pupils. The contract was let to John Waggoner at $10,420 apiece. They cost the city about $11,000 complete.
Of the bonds issued there are yet $24,000 ontstanding. These bonds draw 10 per cent interest, payable semi-annually. Of the issue of 1869 only $3,000 are outstanding, due in 1879. Of the issue of 1876 there are $2,000 due in 1880, $2,000 in 1881, $2,000 in 1882, $2,000 in 1883, $2,000 in 1884, $2,000 in 1885, and $4,000 in 1886.
About the time of the completion of the two ward buildings $5,000 inore bonds were issued, whose time of payment we did not learn.
For 1878 the tax levy was:
School House Fund . $ 5,600.00
Teachers' Fund .
8,000.00
Contingent Fund.
2,000.00
For the year ending February 25, 1878, the total receipts were:
School House Fund.
$ 11,677.08
Teachers' Fund.
8,810.05
Contingent Fund.
2,237.20
$ 22,724.33
EXPENDITURES:
School House Fund
$ 4,745.55
Teachers' Fund.
10,743.95
Contingent Fund.
6,645.31
$ 22,133.81
During 1866-7 J. Valentine was superintendent of schools at a salary of $1,200. During that year, however, such a change was made in the ma- chinery of the schools as to require most of Mr. Valentine's time in the high school, so that the superintendency of schools was practically abol-
477
HISTORY OF MAHASKA COUNTY.
ished until 1869, when J. F. Everett was employed, and continued to serve in that capacity until 1872, when Wm. Lytle succeeded him, holding the position until 1875, when the present inenmbent, Prof. II. H. Seerley, was elected superintendent. Mr. Seerley came to Oskaloosa in the fall of 1873, as high school assistant. He was promoted as high school principal for 1874-5, and the following year stepped to the first place in the schools.
From the high school there have been fifty-nine graduates, as follows: seven in 1873, twenty in 1875, sixteen in 1876, six in 1877, and ten in 1878.
The first class being in 1873, was composed of Minnie Needham, Mamie Loring, Ida Street, Emma Fletcher, Mollie Robison, Ada McKinley, and Sadie Wright.
Of the graduates the great proportion are girls, the sexes being divided- 49 girls and 10 boys. This general fact, in regard to high schools, has called forth argument against such institutions, on the ground that it is the boys who specially need education-a short-sighted and much mistaken view, when it is considered that the girls of the present generation will be the mothers of the next, and if there is any surety for a high and pure citizenship, it is in a cultivated, well-trained, and high-minded mother- hood. Such will high school discipline produce, and every man who is not so selfish as to live alone for the present generation, will not descry high schools on the ground of a useless education of the gentler sex.
In the high school is a library of several hundred volumes, part of which was purchased by entertainments given by the students, but the major por- tion of which was a donation from a collapsed association of Oskaloosa known as the Harper Library Association. This is free to the students of the high school.
An Alumni Association has been formed by the graduates of the high school, in which twenty-seven alumni and alumna have enrolled their names. This association expects to hold annual reunions of the graduates. The first reunion was held at the close of the school year, 1878, in the First M. E. Church. The exercises consisted of orations, essays, and deelama- tions, participated in by Miss Carrie MeAyeal, Mrs. Minnie Lacey, Miss Mamie Loring, and Will H. Needham, Jr.
John M. Kemble, of 1875, has been appointed Alumni Historian for three years, dating from September, 1877.
The high school course of study is quite complete, for a city of the size of Oskaloosa, including a thorough course in English and Mathematics, with Elementary Sciences, Latin and German.
The present members of the board are John M Jones, president, R. Du- mont, secretary, G. W. Hale, treasurer. Directors, Dr. D. A. Hurst, Ben. McCoy, Mitch. Wilson, Byron V. Seevers, Geo. A. Ross.
The following are the teachers for 1878-9.
IIIGHI SCHOOL.
1. J. J. McConnell, Principal.
2. Kate A. Wright, Assistant.
3. Eva Sellers, Fourth Grammar Room.
4. R. Anna Morris, Third Grammar Room.
5. Carrie M. McAyeal, Second Grammar Room.
6. Mary McFall, First Grammar Room.
478
HISTORY OF MAHASKA COUNTY.
7. Clemmie Perdue, Fourth Primary Room.
8. Ida M. Perry, Third Primary Room. .
9. Lida J. Pickerell, Second Primary Room.
10. Hettie S. Fisher, First Primary Room.
FIRST WARD SCHOOL.
11. P. L. Kendig, Principal.
12. Lida Collins, Second Grammar Room.
13. P. K Gilchrist, First Grammar Room.
14. Erville Harris, Fourth Primary.
15. Retta Holmes, Third Primary.
16. Carrie Hawkins, Second Primary.
17. Dora Fuller, First Primary.
FOURTH WARD SCHOOL.
18. Wilford Hull, Principal.
19. Becca E. Fisher, Grammar.
20. Alice Sellers, Third Primary.
21. Nina Kemble, Second Primary.
22. Lou J. Hawkins, First Primary.
GENERAL STATISTICS COMPARATIVE.
1876.
1877.
1878.
School population.
1,400
1,557
1,543
Enrolled during year
1,199
1,205
1,198
Average monthly enrollment
886
932
984
Average monthly belonging.
833
864
916
Average monthly attendance
767
816
862
Days absence during year
11,417
7,513
8,321
Number of tardinesses .
4,647
3,175
1,979
Percentage of punctuality
97.6
98.2
99.3
Percentage of attendance (on membership).
97.2
94.6
95.2
Percentage of attendance (on enrollment).
64.0
67.7
71.1
Percentage of attendance (on enumeration).
54.0
52.4
55.8
Percentage of enrollment (on enumeration). ....
77.4
77.6
In the year 1876 the school population was changed by the county super- intendent after the report. We give the percentage of that year on the number allowed by the superintendent.
COST OF OSKALOOSA SCHOOLS FOR YEAR 1877-78 .- NINE MONTHS.
Whole amount paid teachers from September, 1877, to Septem-
ber, 1878. ..
$ 10,397.50
Contingent expenses
2,219.89
Total $ 12,617.39
Average cost per pupil, including amount paid for instruction and su- pervision :
479
HISTORY OF MAHASKA COUNTY.
On average number enrolled
$ 10.56
On average number belonging
11.34
On average number in attendance
12.06
Average contingent expenses per pupil :
On average enrolled
2.25
On average belonging
2.42
On average attendance
2.57
Comparative cost per month for each pupil during years 1877-78:
1877
1878
On average enrollment .
1.57
$ 1.42
On average belonging.
1.69
1.53
On average attendance
1.79
1.63
OSKALOOSA COLLEGE.
Education and educational institutions have been mainly indebted to re- ligious thought and religious organizations for their origin and support. The Church of Christ, of which Alexander Campbell, Walter Scott, B. W. Stone, and others were permanent members during the first half of the present century, have been pre-eminently an educational people.
Early in the history of Iowa influential members of this church, imbued with the spirit of the age and of Christianity, appreciating the importance of an educational institution of a high order, and projected upon a broad, modern, and liberal basis, began to discuss the propriety of attempting such an enterprise. At length, at the State Meeting which convened at Mt. Pleasant, June, 1855, it was resolved that the time had come to begin the work. The location was offered to the place that should raise the largest local aid. After a sharp competition from Marion, Mt. Pleasant, Winter- set and other points, but especially from Marion, Oskaloosa offered a sub- scription of $30,050, and in October, 1856, secured the location. Elder A. Chatterton, R. Parker, Dr. C. G. Owen, J. Adkins. W. T. Smith, J. H. Ba- com, A. S. Nichols, Mr. Edmundson, C. Hall, J. M. Berry, J. Swallow, S. H. Banham, W. A. Saunders and S. H. McClure were chosen trustees. The work of endowment was also begun with much vigor, and over $20,000 subscribed within a few weeks, but the hard times of 1857-8 came on, con- tractors broke, subscribers failed to pay, the work of endowment was sns- pended, mortgages and liens were pressed toward foreclosure, and every- thing for a time looked dark for the college so auspiciously begun. At length a little more than half of the original building fund was realized, the church of the State raised a " relief fund," and later added over $40,000 to the subscribed endowment fund, but a considerable portion of this subscrip- tion proved to be worthless.
September 2, 1861, professors G. T. and W. J. Carpenter opened a pre- paratory school in the rooms temporarily fitted up for that purpose. A full description of the condition of the buildings and grounds, or a detailed delineation of the difficulties to be overcome would here be out of place; suffice it to say that the school opened with the following named students, since known as the " immortal five ": George Wilson, James Brown, Jen- nie Coarse, Jennie McCall and Maggie Stevens. During the entire year there were less than fifty enrolled. But the young teachers and a few friends were full of faith, and labored on until success crowned their efforts.
480
HISTORY OF MAHASKA COUNTY.
The following named persons have at different times discharged the du- ties of president: G. T. Carpenter, A. F. Ross, B. W. Johnson, F. M. Bru- ner and L. P. Lucy. Besides these, W. J. Carpenter, M. P. Givins, O. Goodrich, F. M. Kirkham, A. Hull, J. L. Pinkerton, N. Dunshee, G. H. Laughlin, O. P. Hay, W. S. Burnard and B. E. Shepperd have held regular professorships in the college. Beside these, a number of others have acted as tutors, and teachers of specialties, etc. ,Among those who have acted most extensively and successfully as financial agents for the college may be named A. Chatterton. J. B. Noe, J. F. Rowe, N. E. Cory, F. Walden, G. T. Carpenter, W. J. Carpenter, N. A. McConnell, J. B. Heatton, J. Wiley, F. M. Bruner and J. D. Guthrie. The college now has a full and able fac- ulty with G. T. Carpenter as president; cabinets, libraries, apparatus and other facilities for doing excellent work, and is rapidly growing in patronage and influence. The scheme embraces prepararory, classical, scientific, ladies, biblical, normal and commercial courses. With such designs, facilities and managers, Oskaloosa College is rapidly taking its place in the front rank of Western colleges, and is a just source of pride in the county and State.
PENN COLLEGE.
Quite a number of years ago, at Spring Creek Meeting House, was lo- cated an educational association known as the Spring Creek Union College Association of Friends. In September, 1866, at the Iowa Yearly Meeting of Friends at Oskaloosa, a committee was appointed to take into considera- tion the educational wants of the members of the Yearly Meeting. This committee was composed of thirty members of the Yearly Meeting, who, on the eleventh day of this same month, held a conference with the Spring Creek Association, and a union was formed with that body under the title of " Iowa Union College Association of Friends." This association con- ducted a most flourishing school about two miles east of Oskaloosa, until the buildings were burned down. About 1870 a site for a school in the northern part of Oskaloosa was sold to the association at such a figure by John White, Esq., as to amount to a donation. Several thousand dollars were donated by eastern and English Friends, and such subscriptions made as to encourage the erection of a building, being the wing of the present structure. This wing was completed in the fall of 1872 at a cost of $17,000, and a High School was opened on the 5th day of November, with John W. Woody as superintendent and Mary C. Woody and Anna E Gove as assist- ant teachers.
The success of this enterprise encouraged the board of directors to organ- ize on a college basis during the following season. In the annual meeting of the association, held in September, the name was changed from "Iowa Union College Association of Friends" to that of "Penn College," and on the 23d of the same month, 1873, the college was opened with the fol- lowing faculty:
JOHN W. WOODY, A. M., PRESIDENT, ENGLISH LITERATURE AND NATURAL SCIENCES.
BENJAMIN TRUEBLOOD, A. B., LATIN AND GREEK LANGUAGES AND MIXED MATHEMATICS.
RUTH WOODWARD, B. S., MATHEMATICS.
C. P. DORLAND, BOOK-KEEPING AND PENMANSHIP.
481
HISTORY OF MAHASKA COUNTY.
The enrollment for the first year reached two hundred and nineteen stu- dents, and the outlook was quite encouraging. The main building was erected in 1875, and the entire cost of building has been near $37,000, af- fording accommodation for five hundred students.
The first graduates were in 1875, at which time Linda A. Dorland and Jennie Kitchen became the first representatives of Penn College alumni. The class of 1878 comprised three graduates from the classical course, Benjamin E. Ninde, Lizzie Green, and Eva Waggoner.
Professor Woody has since retired from the presidency, which office he ably filled until 1877. His successor is William B. Morgan, A. M., C. E., who now has entered on his second year in the management of the institu- tion.
Three departments of study are sustained-collegiate, preparatory, and normal. The attendance during the last year was about one hundred and thirty students, who received instruction from the following professors, viz: William B. Morgan, mathematics and astronomy; Stephen A. Jones, Latin and Greek languages; Charles E. Tibbets, natural sciences; Ruth Hinshaw, mental and moral science and German language; Lydia J. Jackson, math- ematies and political economy; H. H. Seerley, didactics; Daniel V. Jane- way, tutor in Latin; J. P. Gruwell, anatomy.
The college is equally free to both sexes, and to all denominations. The managers rely upon the students to a considerable extent for self-government, believing that, within proper limits, the best government is that which governs least. The general tone and deportment of the institution is quite gratifying to its friends, and the financial condition is such as to insure its prosperity.
The board of directors of Penn College for 1878 are as follows, viz:
Appointed by Iowa Yearly Meeting :- R. J. Mendenhall, Charles Hutchinson, Lawrie Tatum, Alistus W. Lewis, Samuel T. Mote.
Elected by the College Association :- Israel C. Green, Leonard H. Hole, Levi Hambleton, Amos Briggs, John F. Gritman, Joseph D. Hoag, Green- bury P. Wood, John H. Green, D. W. Hunt.
CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHI.
This congregation was organized November 10, 1844, by Rev. B. B. Bonham. The organization at first consisted of twenty-two members. Articles of incorporation were drawn up, signed and recorded. The first ruling elders were W. McMurry, Robert W. Long, Silas M. Martin, Thomas P. Chapman, M. L. Smith and W. B. Street. On lots 5 and 6, block 34, which the congregation bought from the county commissioners, this society, in 1846, erected their house of worship, being the first church building erected in the county. From its organization until 1849 the church was supplied by different ministers, among whom were Rev. J. M. Cameron and Rev. Jolly. In 1850 the minister and members of the congregation, except three men and a few females, moved to California. From this time to 1857 the congregation merely held its existence. A part of this time the pulpit was supplied by the Revs .. J. M. Berry, W. Laurence, J. Mathers, and B. A. Smith. During most of the time, however, the church was oc- cupied by the Methodists, Old and New School Presbyterians, and the Congregationalists. These churches, were, for the most part, organized in this building, and occupied it until their own houses of worship were
482
HISTORY OF MAHASKA COUNTY.
erected. In 1857 Rev. J. R. Lawrence, at the call of the congregation, be- came pastor, and continued as such until the fall of 1866, when the congre- gation became vacant, and remained so till October, 1867, when Rev. G. S. Adams became pastor. In 1869 Rev. W. M. Medcalf took his place, and remained until the fall of 1870, when he was succeeded by Rev. William Wilson, who remained only six months, since which time the church has not had a pastor.
This congregation has suffered severe depletion at different times. In 1850, as above mentioned, most of the congregation moved to California; then in 1859 the congregation was divided, and another society formed at White Oak. During the war many of the members went into the Union army, and were killed or died there.
At present, by removals and deaths, the membership has been reduced to about twenty-five. The Sabbath-school has been discontinued, and the prospect for reviving the church is not very promising. The society still owns the building, which is now occupied by the Adventists. The mem- bers of the present session are William B. Street, D. M. Walton, J. B. Rickey, and William McWilliams.
The bell which is still rung in this church building was brought from Keokuk by wagon, in 1846, and an old settler informs us that it was so hung as to ring by the jolting of the vehicle the entire distance-an odd sound, we should judge, in a western wilderness, such as most of the Des Moines Valley was then.
FIRST M. E. CHURCH.
The first Methodist class was organized in Oskaloosa by Rev. A. W. Johnson, sometime in the fall of 1844. In the fall of the same year a small log cabin for the purposes of a cabin, was erected on the north end of the lot now used for the same purpose. Mr. T. G. Phillips, now of Oska- loosa, assisted in hauling the logs for the erection of this cabin, which was ready for occupancy about the commencement of 1845. The houses con- sisted of a single room which served as a study, parlor, kitchen, wash-room, bed room, pantry, and dining room, and all the other uses to which houses are generally put. Useful as the edifice was it would not serve the pur- poses of a church, and the meetings of the members were held at the house of Mrs. Phillips, mother of T. G. Phillips.
After the completion of the Court House, this building was occupied by the Methodists, at stated times, till 1853, when they erected a house of worship of their own. The membership at that time was but small and weak, and they could do but little towards the erection of their house. They first undertook to build a frame-got the materials on the ground, but could not raise means enough to put it up and finish it. It lay in this shape for two years, when they abandoned all idea of building a frame house and concluded to put up a brick which they did in 1853, in the very spot where the present church stands. This was done during the ministering of G. W. Teas. After using this house until 1857-S during the pastorate of W. F. Cowles, it was found to be too small to accommodate the congrega- tion, when by a vote of the members it was determined not to tear down, but to enlarge the old house so it might accommodate more people. This was done, and the house thus made more spacious and comfortable. It re- mained thus until during the ministry of the Rev. Wesley Dennett, per- haps in the year 1865, when another large addition was put to the house in the shape of a T. This addition was made at an expense of $6,000.
483
HISTORY OF MAHASKA COUNTY.
In 1845 the membership of this church numbered about 260, at which time Revs. Kirkpatrick and Rayner were the traveling preachers. In 1846 Revs. Sherin and Harrison were the ministers. In 1847 the membership was about 380, with Jennison and Wright as preachers. In 1848 the mem- bership had increased to 400 under the ministry of the Rev. Anson Wright.
Oskaloosa became a station in 1851, with 144 members. Rev. J. B. Hardy was the first stationed preacher. The successive preachers were Revs. Harris, Stewart, Slusser. Allender, Cowles, Waring, Teter, Dennett, Corkhill, and E. L. Briggs. During the ministry of the latter, the church was divided, it having reached a membership of over 500, and was too large for one pastor to care for, and the Simpson Charge M. E. Church was formed.
In charge of the old body of members which still continued to be called the First M. E. Church, was Rev. Jno. Harris, in 1869. J. W. McDonald ministered here in 1870-1-2. In 1873 the church passed into the hands of Rev. C. B. Clark, who also remained three years. The present minister, Rev. W. H. H. Pillsbury, succeeded Mr. Clark in 1876.
The church now numbers about 275 members. Connected with the church is a flourishing Sabbath-school of about 140 children, of which the pastor is the superintendent. The contributions of the church for all pur- poses'are not far from $2,000 per year.
The trustees are J. W. McMullen, Dr. D. A. Hurst, Dr. D. A. Hoffman, F. M. Davenport, E. M. Beatty, D. W. Loring, R. P. Bacon, Wm. Wray, N. J. Smith.
Stewards-J. Kelly, J. W. McMullen, Wm. Waggoner, Wm. Hadley, Dr. W. R. Nugent, A. Barnhart, D. H. Ballard, Uriah Ballard, and Wm. Kemper.
Among the ladies of the church has been organized a Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of about fifty members, whose annual contributions to the mission cause are about one hundred dollars.
A Lyceum, composed of the younger members of the church, affords mutual entertainment and improvement to the young people every week.
CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.
The first records of this society have been lost, and our only dependence for its early history was the memory of its oldest male member, Mr. F. W. McCall.
The church was organized at quite an early day (according to the Iowa Minutes, in 1844). For some time previous to the time of the erection of its church building, the congregation worshiped in Union Hall. Rev. W. O. Westervelt became pastor of the church about 1852. In 1855 the soci- ety was incorporated, and in the following year commenced the erection of their church building. This was partly roofed in November, 1856, when a snow storm stopped the workmen, and they were not able to resume until the following spring. The church was dedicated in the summer of 1857, by Rev. Spaulding of Ottumwa. Its cost was about $2.200.
In 1859 the pastor succeeding the Rev. Westervelt, was Mr. Roberts, who remained with the church one year, and was succeeded by Rev. C. H. Gates, This gentleman continued in charge of the congregation about eighteen years, and labored among this people very acceptably and with much success. February, 1869, came to Oskaloosa congregation Rev. G.
484
HISTORY OF MAHASKA COUNTY.
D. A. Hebard, of Iowa City. During 1870, there were sixty persons uni- ted with the church. Reverned Hebard died in the midst of his work, De- cember 14, 1870. In the following February was succeeded by the present pastor, Rev. J. E. Snowden.
For 1879, the officers of the church are:
Deacons-C. P. Searle, F. W. McCall, S. R. Pettit, and E. Edris.
Trustees-H. Harris, C. T. Willard, M. B. Bristol, Mrs. E. J. Merrill, Mrs. Dr. Hinshaw.
Clerk -- J. J. Merrill.
Connected with the church is a good Sunday-school with an average at- tendance of 100 pupils. Dr. T. K. Brewster is the superintendent. The revenue of the church membership of the congregation for all- purposes is about $1,600. The present membership of the congregation is 175.
The church building, during the present summer, is undergoing a thor- ough renovation. It will be strengthened and changed in appearance by an ontside layer of brick to that of a brick church. There will be a new spire, an alcove pulpit placed in rear, and the building re-seated and re-fin- ished throughout at a cost of some $2,000. It has been for some years the purpose of the congregation to build a new church, but they have finally decided to utilize the old frame-work, the result being, however, substan- tially that of a new building.
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CIIURCH.
The First Presbyterian Church of Oskaloosa was organized February 21, 1845, by Rev. Samuel Cowles, a missionary, with the following persons as organizing members: James Conner, Rachel Conner, Jane Thompson, Win. Bovell, S. B. Shelleday, Elizabeth Shelleday and Sarah A. Shelleday. At this time James Conner was elected and ordained ruling elder. April, 1845, there was an addition of five members. Rev. Cowles served the church as supply till 1850. July 3, 1847, James Bovell was elected ruling elder. In January, 1848, a Sabbath-school was organized in connection with the church, and about the same time a prayer meeting, both of which auxillaries are yet in flourishing condition. In 1848 it was decided to erect a house of worship, which was not, however, completed till 1855, at a cost of $3,025, being the present brick building occupied by the church. Sometime in 1850 Rev. David McComb commenced his labors with the church, which continned for one year, when the pulpit was supplied by occasional ministers till February, 1852. At this time Rev. Geo. M. Swan was installed first pastor of the church, continuing till 1854, during which time fifty-six persons were added to the church membership. In June, 1855, Rev. Irwin Carson became pastor of the church, and continued in this relation until the fall of 1858. One hundred and nine members were received into the church during this period. At a congregational meeting, March, 1858, articles of incorporation were adopted, continning for twenty years. In November, 1858, Rev. Win. M. Stryker began his labors with the church, continuing until the following spring. During the year 1861 Rev. H. A. Barclay supplied the pulpit. Next came Rev. Silas Johnson, who served the church as supply from January, 1862, to February, 1865, and then as pastor until March, 1867, when he resigned his charge. Dur- ing his ministry one hundred and twenty-five persons nnited with the church. At a congregational meeting February 16, 1865, it was decided
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