History of Morgan county, Illinois : its past and present, containing a history of the county; its cities, towns, etc.; a biographical directory of its volunteers in the late rebellion; portraits of its early settlers and prominent men [etc., etc.], Part 1

Author:
Publication date: c1878
Publisher: Chicago : Donnelley, Loyd & co.
Number of Pages: 792


USA > Illinois > Morgan County > History of Morgan county, Illinois : its past and present, containing a history of the county; its cities, towns, etc.; a biographical directory of its volunteers in the late rebellion; portraits of its early settlers and prominent men [etc., etc.] > Part 1


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HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY, IL: PAST and PRESENT


LARVEY.


01.


HISTORY


OF


MORGAN COUNTY,


ILLINOIS:


Its Past and Present,


CONTAINING


A HISTORY OF THE COUNTY; ITS. CITIES, TOWNS, ETC .; A BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY OF ITS CITIZENS; WAR RECORD OF ITS VOLUNTEERS IN THE LATE REBELLION ; PORTRAITS OF ITS EARLY SETTLERS AND PROMINENT MEN; GENERAL AND LOCAL STATISTICS; HIS- TORY OF THE NORTHWEST; HISTORY OF ILLINOIS; CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES; MAP OF MORGAN COUNTY; MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS, ETC., ETC.


ILLUSTRATED. e


CHICAGO:


·


DONNELLEY, LOYD & CO., PUBLISHERS. 1878.


COPYRIGHT. DONNELLEY, LOYD AND COMPANY, 1878.


DŐA VEILEY. GASSETTE &


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PREFACE.


‹ But little over half a century ago and not a white man dwelt in the present confines of Morgan County. It was then a luxuriant, trackless, uninhabited domain, with no life save that of the wild beast or bird, native savage, or wandering hunter, or explorer, in his search for new scenes and fresh exploits. One hundred and thirty-six years before that time, the western borders of the county had first fallen under the gaze of the white man, as the devoted mis- sionary, Marquette, paddled up the Illinois River, on his return voyage of discovery. It will soon be two hundred years since the first habitation of the white man appeared in the Mississippi Valley. Ere he could do this, empires were to change, the native savages were to be expelled, and new powers were to come into energetic existence. Though the French were the discoverers of this beautiful, fertile 'valley, yet it was reserved to the sturdy Anglo-Saxon to develop its resources, and bring it to its present condition. The merry French- man loved ease, not conquest, and here he could pass his time in luxuriant idleness, the natural fertility of the soil providing abundantly for all his simple desires.


A little over a century passed from the date of Marquette's explorations, until the War of Independence occurred, whereby this vast region passed into the hands of the valiant sons of freedom, and emigration began rapidly to pour into it. So quickly did the valley fill, that in less than half a century it was divided into territories and states; and in 1809, Illinois was recognized as an integral part of the Union. Nine years after, the State passed to the second grade of government. About this time the "Sangamo country " became noted in the East and South, and emigrants came thither in great numbers. Early in the Autumn of that year, Ambrose Collins, Elisha and Seymour Kellogg, with their families, left their eastern home, proceeded in wagons to the head of navigation, for the West, where they embarked in flat-boats, and side by side, floated down the beautiful Ohio to old Shawneetown, where they disembarked, resumed their first mode of travel, and went on to Carmi. As it was late in the season, they remained here during the winter, and the next summer proceeded , to Edwardsville, then a prominent western town. Here Mr. Collins was taken sick, and with his family, with the exception of one son, Charles, was compelled to remain for the winter. The two Kelloggs, their families, and Charles, went on to the head of Mauvaisterre Creek, where, late in the Autumn of 1819, they


" 'established their homes, the first in the county. The following winter they were visited by three commissioners from a New York city colonization com- . pany, one of whom, Isaac Fort Roe, remained and founded a home. He,


E


>


xiv.


PREFACE.


however, lived but a short time, his death being the first among the whit residents in the present county.


Emigration now began to come into the new country with surprisin rapidity, and five years after these events occurred, Morgan County was created retaining at that time the present counties of Scott and Cass, the former bein separated in 1832, the latter in 1837.


To record the events from the arrival of the Kelloggs until the presen time, and preserve them for coming generations, has been the aim of this work This lapse of time has not been without its history ; a history so full of import ant events, and fraught with interest to the children of these sturdy pioneers who left homes for these wild haunts, and whose energy has made Morga County what it is-abounding in wealth, enterprise, and culture.


To preserve correctly these annals has been our aim, and while we do no arrogate to ourselves accuracy beyond criticism, the narration will be found measurably correct, the arrangement and collation of which compelled th careful examination and digestion of a labyrinth of facts, incidents, an narratives enveloped in the PAST, entering so largely into the PRESENT of th community in whose interest these pages have been written.


To the patriarchs of the PAST, and to the representative men of the PRESENT without whose aid the undertaking would have been fruitless, we tender ou . grateful acknowledgements. Especially do we desire to record our obligation to JUDGE WILLIAM THOMAS, that eminent citizen, whose. pen has so faithfull preserved the PAST during his long residence in the county, and whose aid ha been so freely given. . Also to MR. TIMOTHY CHAMBERLAIN, secretary of the Ol Settlers' Association, for the use of the society's records, and the list of the ol settlers, prepared by him. To J. R. BAILEY, for the use of the Sentinel (nor Courier) files, and for valuable information contained .in them. To MR. M. F SIMMONS, and MR. C. M. EAMES, for free access to the Journal files. To th propriet. "s.and editor of the Courier, and to the Waverly and Meredosia press all of wh. n freely extended aid to us whenever desired.


To many others, and to the citizens of Morgan County in general, w tender our acknowledgements,"for the uniform courtesy and kindness extende our representatives during the preparation of these annals, as well as for thei liberal patronage, without which this history could not have been prepared, an would have 1 nained un v. ritten, and unpreserved. Respectfully,


DONNELLEY, LOYD & CO.,


Publishers.


CONTENTS.


HISTORICAL.


PAGE


History of Northwest Territory .. 19


Geographical Position. 19 Agriculture. .229


Early Explorations ..


20


Agricultural Implements.


.242


Morgan


County


Medlcai


Divislons of Land ...


.243


Society ...


.. 367


Fences ..


.243


Jacksonville Medical Club ... 367 Churches ... 367


City Schools


375


lilinois Coliege. .380


Whippie Academy .... ... 385


Jacksonville Female Acade- my .. 386


Illinois Female College


389


Jacksonville Business Coi-


lcge ..


.392


.294


Athenæum


.394


307


1liinois


Conservatory


of


Music ..


396


Orphans llome. 398


.330


The Press.


399


The State Institutions.


Illinois Ir titution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. 401


Education of the Blind ..... 410 Moredosia 413


Waverly .420


Murra: v Ile 427


Frankiln. 428


Woodson 429


Milltia. 362 Chapin 430


Young Mens Christlan Asso- ciation .. Concord 431 .362 Lymiviiie 432


Prentice.


432


Alexander.


433


Arcadia. 434 Art Association of Jacksoll- vlilc ..... .. 364 Jacksonville Literary Union.364 Morgan Citv 434 Bethci. 434 Piato Ciub (Tlie) .365 Literberry 435


Orieans. .435


Clays. .228 Soclety. .366 Pisgah. 435


Building Material. .228


Jacksonvliie Natural History


Woodiyıl. 435


Railroads. .229 Society 366 Sinciair 436


Population .229


ILLUSTRATIONS.


PAGE


PA E


Mouth of the Mississippi. 21


Source of the Mississippi. 21


Wlld Prairie.


LaSalle Landing on the Shore of Green Bay. 25


Buffalo Hunt.


27


Trapping.


29


Hunting.


32


Appie Harvest ..


Great Iron Bridge of the C., R.


Grac.


E. Church.


.375


Iligh chpoi .. 379


Illinois Dilege .. .383


Iilinois remale College ...... 391 liiinols Institution for the Education of the Blind. ... 411 Illinois Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb .. .. 401


Jacksonviu Female Acade- my .. .. 388 Jacksonville Woolen Mills ... 356 Morgan County Court House.377


PORTRAITS.


PAGE


Burnett 1sham


. . 200


Langley James.


146


Orear William. 348


Reinbach Harry


.252


PAGE PAGE


ScymondWiiiianı .182


Curtiss T. E. .212


Devere J. H .. .364


Hart Wm. P. Rev .219


Village Residence .. ..


86


A Representative Pioneer .. 87


Lincoin Monument, Springfieid. 88


A Ploneer School House .. 89


Farm View in the Winter. 90


Spring Scene .... 21


Pioneers' First Winter.


Conservatory of Music. .397


Courier Office 400


Iroquois Chlef.


34 43


Pontiac, the Ottawa Chieftain ... Indians Attacking Frontlers- inch


56


A Western Dwelling. 100 Hunting Prairie Woives at : Early Day. .. It


Starved Rock, on the Illinois


Tecumseh, Shawnee Chieftain ... 69 River, LaSalle Co., Il. 110


Indians Attacking a Stockade ... 72 An Early Settlement 116


Black Hawk, tlie Sac Chieftain .. 75 Chicago in 1833. 133


Oid Fort Dearborn, 1830. 136 Blg Eagle ... 80


Capt. Jack, the Modoc Chieftain 83


Present Site Lake Strect Bridge, Chicago, 1833 .. 136 Kinzie House 85


PAGE


Jacksonvllic, City of:


Microscopicai Socicty 367


Discovery of the Ohio. ..


33


English Explorations and


Settlements. 35


American Settlements 60


Division of the Northwest Morgan Coun+v Agricultural Political History. .252 Society .. .250 Territory .. 66 Tecnmsch and the War of 1812 70 County Officers since 1823 ... 263


Past and Present .. 267


Winnebago War (The). .288


Other Indian Troubles. 79 The Deep Snow 293


Present Condition of the


Northwest.


87 99


Indiana 101


Iowa ... 102


.103 Michigan .334


Wisconsin. 104


Minnesota. 106 Banks.


354


Nebraska. 107 Mannfactures. 355


History of Illinois. 109 Water Works. .356 Oak Lawn Retreat. .. 409


Coal ... 125


Compactof 1787 .117


Cilcago. 132 Municipal History 357


Early Discoveries 109 Fire Department. 361


Early Settlements 115


Cemeteries ... 361 Education .. 129


French Occupation 112


Genius of LaSaile. 113


Materiai Resources. 124


Massacre at Fort Dearborn .. 141


Physical Features .. .121 Progress of Development .... 123 Religion and Morais. 128 War Record of lliinois. 130


Illstory of Morgan County 221 Topography and Geology .. .221


Coal Measures 222


Limestone .227


Jacksonville


Horticultural


PAGE


Ruins of Chicago. 142 View of the City of Chicago ... .. 144 Shabbona ... .149 Illustrations of the City of Jack - souvili3:


Athenæum. .395


& P. R.R., crossing the Missis- sippi at Dr venport, lowa 96


A Pralrie Storm. 59


A Pioneer 1)welling 61 63


Breaking Prairie ..


Lodges. Associations, and


Societles .. .362


Gas Works. 357


Street Railway. .357


.319


Old Settiers Association. Common Schools.


Jacksonville, City of.


.401


Business Interests


.354


Biack llawk War (The).


The Sudden Freeze ...


Railroads .. 310


Architecture (Early). .244


Agricultural Organizations .. 247


Black Hawk and the Black Hawk War ... 74


liiinois.


History of Morgan County :


PAGE


Sorosls.


367


Yatcsviile .436


Strawn Jacob .. . frontispiece. Widenham J. C ... ..... ... 380


Illinois Institution for the


Reading Room and Library.362 Jacksonville Library Asso-' clation .. 363 Neelyviile. 433


xvi


CONTENTS.


MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD.


PAGE


PAGE


PAGE


. Infantry.


Infantry.


Infantry.


10th (3 months). .437


54th (3 years) .450


140th (100 days). 462


8th (3 years).


.437


56th


.450


144th (one year).


.462


9tlı ..


.437


57th


450


145th (100 days) 462


9th (consolidated).


58th (consolidated).


450


146th (one year)


.463


10th (3 years).


437


450


149th (3 years).


463


11th.


441


61st 450


150th (one year). 463


14th


.441


62d 450


153d ..


463


64til


.450


154th


463


67th 450


155th


464


68th


.450


Cavalry.


71st (3 months)


450


464


.


16th (3 years) ..


.444


18th (reorganized).


3d (consolidated)


465


19th (3 years)


4th (3 years).


465


20th


66


.444


5th


465


21st


.444


6til


465


23d


444


26th


.445


8th


465


27th


..


95th


452


9th


466


28th


.446


99th


.452


10th


466


28th (consolidated)


446


101st 66


.452


466


29th (3 years) ...


.447


105til


460


12th


466


30th


447


113th


460


31st


66


447


115th


460


32d


117th 6.


461


33d 448


118th


461


34th


448


119th


461


36til


449


122d


461


39tl:


..


449


129th


41st


449


130th


43d (consolidated).


.449


133d


.461


29th U. S. Colored Infantry. .... 468


44th (3 years).


449


45tlı


449


50th


449


135th


Recruits for the U. S. Regular


53rd


.450


137th (100 days) 462 Army.


.468


DIRECTORIES.


PAGE


PAGE


PAGE


Jacksonville City Directory ..... 469


Town 14 North Range 9 West ... 631 .. 66


10


... 657


..


9


... 727


66


..


10


... 587


66


10


... 694


12


... 753


Town 14 North Range 8 West ... 615


..


11


... 703


13


... 762


ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS.


PAGE


Forms:


PAGE


PAGE


Adoption of Chilldren. .160


Bonds.


.176


Game.


151


Biils of Exchange and Promis- sory Notes


151


Codicil ... 189 Lease of Farm and B'ldings.179


Jurisdiction of Courts.


154


County Courts. 155


Conveyances. 164


Lease of House


180


Landiord and Tenant.


.169


Church Organizations.


189


180


Liens. 172


Desceut ....


151


Married Women 155


Deeds and Mortgages.


157


Notice Tenant to Quit.


181


Millers .. 159


Drainage ...


163


Orders ..


174


Marks and Brands. Panpers. 164


159


Damages from Trespass .169


Quit Ciaim Dced. 185


Receipt ... 174


Roads and Bridges 161


Real Estate Mortgage to se-


Surveyors and Surveys .. 160


Suggestions to Persons purchas- ing Books by Subscription .. .190


Articles of Agreement. 175


Tenant's Notice to Quit 181


Bilis of Purchase 174


Warranty Deed. 182


Weights and Measures. 158


Biils of Saie. 176 Will .187 Woif Scalps. 164


MISCELLANEOUS.


PAGE


Map of Morgan County. .front. Constitution of the United States 192


How to keep Accounts. .211


Interest Table. .212


... Miscellaneous Tabie. 212


Names of the States of the Union


and their Significations 213


Population of the U. S.


214


Population of Fifty Principal Cities of the U. S ... .. 214 Population and Area of the U. S.215 Population of the Principal Countries in the Worid .... .... 215 Population of Iiiinois ... .. 216


PAGE


Surveyors Measure .. 211


Electors of President and Vice- President. 1876 .. .206


Practical Rules for every day 207 use.


U. S. Government Land Meas- ure .... 210


Agricultural Productions of Iiii- nois by Counties. .218


11


... 739


..


66


9 ... 567


Town 15 North Range 8 West ... 685


66


... 688


64


..


10


... 733


38th


449


126th


461


2d .. 467


Chicago Board of Trade .468


Springfield Light 468


133d (100 days). 462 30th


468


144th (3 years).


462


First Army Corps. .. 468


462


Town 15 North Range 12 West ... 717 Town 16 North Range 8 West ... 724


Business Directory.530


Town 13 North Range 8 West ... 537 46


66


11


... 679


..


11th 66


..


13th 466


13th (consolidated)


466


15th (3 years). 467


17th 467


Artiliery.


1st. 467


15th


.444


2d (3 years).


73d (3 years) ..


451


3d


464


74th


444


76th


451


87th


451


91st


.452


92d


452


7th


465


94tl


.445


59th (3 years).


.6


.. 4


Vetcran Batallion, 14th and 15th ......


443


14th (reorganized)


.444


444


451


437


.


Chattei Mortgages .177


Interest.


158


Limitation of Action. 155


Landlord's Agreement. Notes .. 174


Definition of Commercial Terms173


Exemptions from Forced Sale ... 156 Estrays. 157 Fences .. .168 Forms:


cure Payment of Money .... 181 Release ... 186


Tenant's Agreement. 180


Taxes .. 154 Wilis and Estates. 152


11 ... 603


461 461


447


452


.4


PAGE


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION.


When the Northwestern Territory was ceded to the United States by Virginia in 1784, it embraced only the territory lying between the Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers, and north to the northern limits of the United States. It coincided with the area now embraced in the States of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and that portion of Minnesota lying on the east side of the Mississippi River. The United States itself at that period extended no farther west than the Mississippi River ; but by the purchase of Louisiana in 1803, the western boundary of the United States was extended to the Rocky Mountains and the Northern Pacific Ocean. The new territory thus added to the National domain, and subsequently opened to settlement, has been called the " New Northwest," in contradistinction from the old "Northwestern Territory."


In comparison with the old Northwest this is a territory of vast magnitude. It includes an area of 1,887,850 square miles ; being greater in extent than the united areas of all the Middle and Southern States, including Texas. Out of this magnificent territory have been erected eleven sovereign States and eight Territories, with an aggregate popula- tion, at the present time, of 13,000,000 inhabitants, or nearly one third of the entire population of the United States.


Its lakes are fresh-water seas, and the larger rivers of the continent flow for a thousand miles through its rich alluvial valleys and far- stretching prairies, more acres of which are arable and productive of the highest percentage of the cereals than of any other area of like extent on the globe.


For the last twenty years the increase of population in the North- west has been about as three to one in any other portion of the United States.


(19)


20


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


EARLY EXPLORATIONS.


In the year 1541, DeSoto first saw the Great West in the New World. He, however, penetrated no farther north than the 35th parallel of latitude. The expedition resulted in his death and that of more than half his army, the remainder of whom found their way to Cuba, thence to Spain, in a famished and demoralized condition. DeSoto founded no settlements, produced no results, and left no traces, unless it were that he awakened the hostility of the red man against the white man, and disheartened such as might desire to follow up the career of discovery. for better purposes. The French nation were eager and ready to seize upon any news from this extensive domain, and were the first to profit by DeSoto's defeat. Yet it was more than a century before any adventurer took advantage of these discoveries.


In 1616, four years before the pilgrims " moored their bark on the wild New England shore," Le Caron, a French Franciscan, had pene- trated through the Iroquois and Wyandots (Hurons) to the streams which run into Lake Huron ; and in 1634, two Jesuit missionaries founded the first mission among the lake tribes. It was just one hundred years from the discovery of the Mississippi by DeSoto (1541) until the Canadian envoys met the savage nations of the Northwest at the Falls of St. Mary, below the outlet of Lake Superior. This visit led to no permanent result; yet it was not until 1659 that any of the adventurous fur traders attempted to spend a Winter in the frozen wilds about the great lakes, nor was it until 1660 that a station was established upon their borders by Mesnard, who perished in the woods a few months after. In 1665, Claude Allouez built the earliest lasting habitation of the white man among the Indians of the Northwest. In 1668, Claude Dablon and James Marquette founded the mission of Sault Ste. Marie at the Falls of St. Mary, and two years afterward, Nicholas Perrot, as agent for M. Talon, Governor Gen- eral of Canada, explored Lake Illinois (Michigan) as far south as the present City of Chicago, and invited the Indian nations to meet him at a grand council at Sault Ste. Marie the following Spring, where they were taken under the protection of the king, and formal possession was taken of the Northwest. This same year Marquette established a mission at Point St. Ignatius, where was founded the old town of Michillimackinac.


During M. Talon's explorations and Marquette's residence at St. Ignatius, they learned of a great river away to the west, and fancied -as all others did then-that upon its fertile banks whole tribes of God's children resided, to whom the sound of the Gospel had never come. Filled with a wish to go and preach to them, and in compliance with a


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


SOURCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI.


BRIGHAM


MOUTH OF THE MISSISSIPPI.


21


22


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


request of M. Talon, who earnestly desired to extend the domain of his king, and to ascertain whether the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico or the Pacific Ocean, Marquette with Joliet, as commander of the expe- dition, prepared for the undertaking.


On the 13th of May, 1673, the explorers, accompanied by five assist- ant French Canadians, set out from Mackinaw on their daring voyage of discovery. The Indians, who gathered to witness their departure, were astonished at the boldness of the undertaking, and endeavored to dissuade them from their purpose by representing the tribes on the Mississippi as exceedingly savage and cruel, and the river itself as full of all sorts of frightful monsters ready to swallow them and their canoes together. But, nothing daunted by these terrific descriptions, Marquette told them he was willing not only to encounter all the perils of the unknown region they were about to explore, but to lay down his life in a cause in which the salvation of souls was involved ; and having prayed together they separated. Coasting along the northern shore of Lake Michigan, the adventurers entered Green Bay, and passed thence up the Fox River and Lake Winnebago to a village of the Miamis and Kickapoos. Here Mar- quette was delighted to find a beautiful cross planted in the middle of the town ornamented with white skins, red girdles and bows and arrows, which these good people had offered to the Great Manitou, or God, to thank him for the pity he had bestowed on them during the Winter in giving them an abundant "chase." This was the farthest outpost to which Dablon and Allouez had extended their missionary labors the year previous. Here Marquette drank mineral waters and was instructed in the secret of a root which cures the bite of the venomous rattlesnake. He assembled the chiefs and old men of the village, and, pointing to Joliet, said : " My friend is an envoy of France, to discover new coun- tries, and I am an ambassador from God to enlighten them with the truths of the Gospel." Two Miami guides were here furnished to conduct them to the Wisconsin River, and they set out from the Indian village on the 10th of June, amidst a great crowd of natives who had assembled to witness their departure into a region where no white man had ever yet ventured. The guides, having conducted them across the portage, returned. The explorers launched their canoes upon the Wisconsin, which they descended to the Mississippi and proceeded down its unknown waters. What emotions must have swelled their breasts as they struck out into the broadening current and became conscious that they were now upon the bosom of the Father of Waters. The mystery was about to be lifted from the long-sought river. The scenery in that locality is beautiful, and on that delightful seventeenth of June must have been clad in all its primeval loveliness as it had been adorned by the hand of


·


23


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


Nature. Drifting rapidly, it is said that the bold bluffs on either hand "reminded them of the castled shores of their own beautiful rivers of France." By-and-by, as they drifted along, great herds of buffalo appeared on the banks. On going to the heads of the valley they could see a country of the greatest beauty and fertility, apparently destitute of inhab- itants yet presenting the appearance of extensive manors, under the fas- tidious cultivation of lordly proprietors.


THE WILD PRAIRIE.


On June 25, they went ashore and found some fresh traces of men upon the sand, and a path which led to the prairie. The men remained in the boat, and Marquette and Joliet followed the path till they discovered a village on the banks of a river, and two other villages on a hill, within a half league of the first, inhabited by Indians. They were received most hospitably by these natives, who had never before seen a white person. After remaining a few days they re-embarked and descended the river to about latitude 33°, where they found a village of the Arkansas, and being satisfied that the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, turned their course


24


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


up the river, and ascending' the stream to the mouth of the Illinois, rowed up that stream to its source, and procured guides from that point to the lakes. "Nowhere on this journey," says Marquette, " did we see such grounds, meadows, woods, stags, buffaloes, deer, wildcats, bustards, swans, ducks, parroquets, and even beavers, as on the Illinois River." The party, without loss or injury, reached Green Bay in September, and reported their discovery-one of the most important of the age, but of which no record was preserved save Marquette's, Joliet losing his by the upsetting of his canoe on his way to Quebec. Afterward Marquette returned to the Illinois Indians by their request, and ministered to them until 1675. On the 18th of May, in that year, as he was passing the mouth of a stream-going with his boatmen up Lake Michigan-he asked to land at its mouth and celebrate Mass. Leaving his men with the canoe, he retired a short distance and began his devotions. As much time passed and he did not return, his men went in search of him, and found him upon his knees, dead. He had peacefully passed away while at prayer. He was buried at this spot. Charlevoix, who visited the place fifty years after, found the waters had retreated from the grave, leaving the beloved missionary to repose in peace. The river has since been called Marquette.




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