USA > Illinois > Morgan County > History of Morgan county, Illinois : its past and present, containing a history of the county; its cities, towns, etc.; a biographical directory of its volunteers in the late rebellion; portraits of its early settlers and prominent men [etc., etc.] > Part 46
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The village now contains two stores, a post-office, blacksmith shop, school, and a dozen residences. About two miles south is the " Berea Church." It was erected in the autumn of 1855, by the "Christians."
433
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
It is near the head of the south fork of Indian Creek, and is a frame build- ing, costing $1,600. The society was organized on the 15th of August, 1852, with a membership of twenty-five. Of these, only four are now living in the vicinity, and of the sixty-five enrolled during the first two years, only twelve are now living. Much of the early success of this church was due to the aid and counsel of the late Elder W. W. Happy, of Jacksonville. Of the early and prominent laymen who were identified with the church, Joel and Isaac Robinson, Benjamin McIntyre and Dr. John C. Cobbs, are worthy of special mention. Of these, all are dead excepting Mr. Joel Robinson. The various ministers of this church have been Elders Charles Rowe, Albert Hickox, James G. Cox, A. Simms, C. G. Jones, Wm. R. Grant, John Boston. The total membership since its organiza- tion has been two hundred and sixty-two.
ALEXANDER
Was surveyed for Edward S. Heinrichsen, February 13, 1857. It was named after Mr. John T. Alexander, who owned vast tracts of land in its immediate vicinity. Soon after the town was laid out, the Toledo, Wabash and Western Railroad made a station of it, and a building belong- ing to Mr. Heinrichsen was used for a depot, be being the station agent, which position he held until 1876. The government establishing a post- office here the year the town was surveyed, appointed Mr. Thomas Brunk postmaster. He occupied a brick building erected by Mr. Hein- richsen adjoining the depot building. George La Rue built a hotel in 1857, which is still occupied by his widow. A store and shop or two were also added to the growing town, and a few residences were erected. The town has been an excellent point for the shipment of grain and live stock. From the year 1857, to 1872, the shipment of live stock averaged two thousand car loads per year; or more than thirty thousand car loads. Since the later date the farmers have paid more attention to the raising of grain, and the stock shipments have been about five hundred cars a year. An elevator is in course of erection. During the last year-1877, more than one hundred thousand bushels of grain were shipped from Alexander. A school house was built in 1858, which is still used. In 1865, a union church was built, which has been occupied principally by the Methodists.
NEELYVILLE
Is a small town in the western part of the county, fifteen miles from Jacksonville. The town was located April 20, 1865, by Messrs. Jona- than and James Neely, who owned the land, and opened a coal shaft in the vicinity. From this place all of the coal used on the Wabash railroad, and in the towns along its route from Quincy to Danville, was procured for several years. When the shaft was first opened quite a number of miners were employed. These men boarded at Van Gundy-a town which was near the present town of Bluff City, in Scott County. The firm name was afterward changed, Mr. Royal Moore, of Naples, becoming a partner. Messrs. H. N. & C. Ridgly afterward became connected with the business. For some time the business paid twenty per cent. on its capital. '$100,000. The business was finally abandoned, owing to the
434
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
failure of the coal beds. Several stores have had an existence in this town but at present one or two do all the business in the place. Mr. William Bennie is the merchant, and keeps a good stock of articles usually found in a country store.
ARCADIA.
This town -which at first was called New Lexington -lies about eight miles north of Jacksonville, and is about three miles west of Liter- berry. It was laid out about the year 1829, by 'Squire Bristow. When Dr. Morrison, the first physician in the place, located there in 1831, the town contained three grocery stores, which were kept respectively by Wm. Vance, Mr. Dougherty, and Mr. Carson. The first minister in the place was Father Simons, a Protestant Methodist clergyman, a man well known in this part of the county. There was a school at this time, a mile or two from the town. In addition to the grocery stores already mentioned, there was one blacksmith shop; these, and some half dozen residences, comprised the town which has never increased in growth. After the advent of the railroads, the business of the town was taken elsewhere. The change in the nanie was made by an act of the legis- lature, February 12, 1853.
BETHEL
Was laid out for Samuel and Catherine Whitley, and recorded April 8, 1833. It has been a town of considerable note, but railroads have destroyed its prosperity. A store, and a shop or two, and a few dwel- lings, were erected here. A post-office was established soon after the commencement of the village, and for some time a good local trade was maintained. The building of the Northern Cross Railroad, in 1838, greatly retarded its prosperity, and for a while its trade almost entirely . ceased. Mr. Archibald C. Wadsworth, now a merchant of Jacksonville, and John Wallahan, opened a small store in Bethel, in 1844. They came from St. Louis in a peddling wagon. They remained in business for some time, enjoying a very good trade. The town being off the railroad, could not compete with others more fortunately situated, and it has never attained to any size. A village school and church - Methodist -are sustained.
MORGAN CITY
Was laid out May 24, 1839, by Messrs. Charles Collins and Myron Leslie. It was the intention of its founders to have the county seat removed there, but in this design they were frustrated. It was for some time the eastern terminus of the Northern Cross Railroad. A few stores were erected there, which, for some time, did a fair business, but Bethel, a few miles north, being by several years the older place, got most of the trade, and Morgan City as a city proved a failure. No business is now transacted there, and, except being a railroad station, Morgan City is of the past.
435
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
LITERBERRY
Is a small town on the Peoria, Pekin and Jacksonville Railroad, nine miles north of Jacksonville. It was laid out May 22, 1869, by Jonas Liter. The stores are two in number, one a general store, kept by Mr. J. B. Baxter, who is also postmaster and station agent, the other a drug- store, owned by Griffin & Goodpasture. There is also a wagon and blacksmith shop in the town. There is a good school, which is well attended. The Union Baptist Association have a neat frame church, in which occasional services are held. This is quite a shipping point for grain and live stock. The town is growing, and may become an important country town.
ORLEANS.
In 1856, Robert S. Anderson was keeping a store at a place about eight miles east of Jacksonville. Mr. E. S. Heinrichsen endeavored to have a town laid out there, but being discouraged, he went two miles further east and laid out the present town of Alexander. Shortly after- ward, Mr. Michael Heinrichsen - brother of E S. Heinrichsen -laid out the town on land belonging to Robert and John Smith, Septimus Steven- son, and James Strawn, and gave it the name, "Orleans." That year a vast quantity of grain was raised, and shipped from that place. It has at present a stone post-office, and a few dwellings. But little trade is carried on here, Alexander being what Orleans might have been, had the endeavors of Mr. Heinrichsen met with success.
PISGAH.
In 1832, a log church building was erected by some Presbyterian founders, six miles east of Jacksonville, to which the name Pisgah was given. Occasional services were held until 1833, when Rev. Wm. Gal- laher became the pastor. In 1839 a new frame building was erected to take the place of the old log structure. Rev. Gallaher continued as pas- tor for a term of thirty-three years, when he was succeeded by his nephew, Rev. Thomas Gallaher. He, in time, was succeeded by Rev. W. D. Sanders, who continued for several years. The present pastor is Rev. W. N. Steele. From this church the station on the J., N. W. & S.E. Rail- road, derives its name. This is merely a railroad station, containing a depot and warehouse. Considerable shipping is done from this station, consisting mostly of grain, of which large quantities are raised in the immediate neighborhood.
WOODLYN
Is a small station on the Jacksonville, Northwestern and Southeastern Railroad, seven miles from Jacksonville. The station was made for the accommodation of the public living in the neighborhood. On the com- pletion of the railroad through that section of the country, Judge Samuel Wood erected a depot building and warehouse. The station takes its name from its projector, Judge Wood, who is a large land owner, and
436
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
cattle shipper, residing one mile from the station. About two hundred car loads of grain and live stock are shipped from here annually. Judge Wood being the principal shipper.
SINCLAIR
Is a small station on the Chicago and Alton Railroad, seven miles north of Jacksonville. It was laid out Nov. 9, 1857, by Mr. Samuel Sin- clair. It is in the midst of a fine farming region, and is a good shipping point, there being more than thirty-five thousand bushels of grain shipped from there during the year. 1877. The first church in the town -" Hebron Church "-was erected in 1835, of logs, and was soon after enlarged, and in 1857 was replaced by the present church. Owing to the fact of the town being near older and larger places, it has not grown much. At present it contains only the church, doctor's office and residence, a black- smith shop, a store, and the post-office. .
YATESVILLE
Was laid out July 16, 1857, by Joseph Hayes and J. R. Bennett. It is fifteen miles north of Jacksonville, on the Chicago, Alton and St. Louis Railroad. At one time there was a store, blacksmith shop, and several residences. Owing to its being so near Prentice, it has not been a stopping place for trains of late years, all of its trade being done at Prentice. It is in the midst of a fine farming region. Large quantities of grain are shipped from the neighborhood of Yatesville, mostly to Chicago.
MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD.
ABBREVIATONS.
Adj
Adjutant
Art.
Arilllery
In1.0. .. .mustered out Col.
. Colonel
mnstered. date of mus er
Cant ..
.Paptal
miels ..
.. prisoner
Corp
. Corporal
pro. promoted
Cav.
. Cavalry
deserted
disch
discharged
Regt. . Regiment
e ...
.. enlisted
rank date of rank
ex.
... expired
re-enl. .re-enlisted
hon.
honorably
Inf
Infantry
Inv.
Invalid
vet
.. veteran
TENTH (three months) INFANTRY. COMPANY B.
Col. Chas. H. Adams.
Major. Chas. H. Adams, rank May 31,'61. pro. Llent. Col. re- emered three years service, as Lieut. Col. 1st INI. CIV.
Capt. Chas. H. Adams, rank Apr. 9. '61, pro.
Capt. John W. King, rank June 1, '61
Firs' Lleur. John W. King. rank Apr. 29, '61, pro.
First Lleut. Thos. W. Smith, rank June 1, '61, re- entered three years service
Second Lieut. Thos. W. Smith, rank Apr. 29, '61, DTO.
Residences of non-commissioned officers, and pri- vates, not given in Adj. Gen. report.
COMPANY G.
Capt. McLean F. Wood, rank Apr. 22, '61, re-en- tered three years service
First Llent. James Mitchell, rank Apr. 22, '61
Second Lleur. James F. Longley, rank Apr. 22. '61
Residences of non-commissioned officers, and pri- vates, not given In Adj. Gen. report.
EIGHTH INFANTRY.
COMPANY B. PRIVATES.
Chandler Henry W. e. Ang. 8, '61, re-eni. as vet. VETERANS.
Chandler Henry W. e. Dec. 26, '65, pro. 1st Sergt. m. o. May 4, '66
COMPANY I. PRIVATES. Meyer Henry, e. Jan. 5, '64. aceldentally kld. on cars, near Marshal, Tex., Nov. 29, '65
NINTH INFANTRY.
COMPANY K. PRIVATES. Sloan George, kld. Shiloh, Apr. 6, '62
NINTH (Consolidated.) INFANTRY. COMPANY G.
Corp. John H. Burdett, e. Jan. 1, '64 PRIVATES.
Benjamin Jolın W. e. Jan. 1. '64 Benjamin Geo. T. e. Mar. 18, '64 Rader Hiram. e. Jan. 1. '64 Richards David, +. Feb, 19, '64, m. o. Jnly 9. '65 Sargent James M. e. Jan. 1, '64, disch. June 28, '65 Watt Wm. J. e. Apr. 11, '64, in. o. July 9, '65
TENTH INFANTRY.
HISTORY.
The Tenth Infantry, Illlnols Volunteers, was or- ganized and mustered Into United States service at Calro. Illinois, April 29. 1861. by Capt. Pope: B. M. Prentiss Colonel; James D. Morgan, Lient. Colonel. and Charles H. Adams, Major. It was composed of seven companies of Infantry, and three of cavalry. These comp miles had been at Cairo since the 20th. garrisoning the place.
The regiment remained at Calro during the three months service, during which the expeditions were made to rear of Columbus In June, and to Ben- ton, Mo .. In July.
The regiment was mustered Into United States service, for three years, July 29, 1861, by Capt. T. G. Pitcher, and remained at Cairo and Bird's Point during the win er, taking part In January, 1862. In the movement, made by Gen. Grant, to the rear of Columbus. March first. In connection with Seventh Cavalry, scattered Jeff Thompson's guer- rillas, at Sykestown, Mo., taking several prisoners. and two guns. During the month It was sent to Gen. Pope's army, at New Madrid.
On the night of the 12th It advanced on New Mad- rld, driving In the enemy's plekets, at right shoul- der shift arms, and without firing a shot. Before morning earthworks were thrown np, and four guns planted. under the fire of five gunboats, and Forts Thompson and Pillow. Our loss was one captain and two men kliled. New Madrid was evacuated that night.
On the night of April 7th, crossed the river, below New Madrid, and Intercepted the retreating forres from Island No. 10. Causing the surrender at Tip- tonville, of Gen. Mackall and 2.500 men, and secur- ing a large amount of artillery and small arms. The movement resulted in the capture of over 6.000 prisoners.
13th of April to Fort Pillow; 18th returned, and passing un the Tennesee river, landed at Hamburg, on the 24th. Took part in all the contests of Gen. Pope's army in moving on Corinth On the 30th. and 8th of May. was under fire of the works of Corinth, Atfer struggling through Four Mlle Swamp on the 3rd, had a brisk skir- mish, capturing fifteen. and killing thirty, of the en-my. Our loss, one killed, and five wounded. Was In all the movements resulting In the capture of Corinth, and pursuit of enemy to Booneville. Col. Smith took command of the brigade. The regl- ment lay at Blg Springs. during the months of June and Jniy, and on the 21st of July, marched 10 Tus- cumbla. Thence, under Gen. Palmer, as division commander. marcoed via Florence. Athens, and Columbus, to Nashville. Last by guerrlilas, five men, kliled. Reaching Nashville, Sept. 12th, re- malned there during the blockade. Participated in the repulse of the enemy. Nov. 5th, lost two. killed.
Assigned to Mitchell's division. Thomas' corps, Army of the Cumberland, and remained In Nash- ville nntll July, 1863, and was then placed In Smith's brigade, Morgan's division, Grauger's re- serve corps.
Sergt. .. Sergeant
transf. .. transferred
kld
killed
Lleut. . Lieutenant
438
MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD.
Marched July 20, to New Fosterville, and Aug. 24. to Bridgepo t, Ala., via Shelbyville, Columbia, Athens, Huntsville, an ] Stephens m; Oct. 1st. to Segnatohle Valley, and, In connection with MeCook's cavalry dlvision, drove Wheeler's . avalry from the valley. From thence, on the 24th of Oct., In Mor- gan's brigade. Davis' division. Palmer's Fourteenth army corps. to Igo's Ferry, on the Tennessee; thence to Caldwell's.
Nov. 24. crossed on pontoons, supporting General Shermin's attack on the left of Mission Rlige. Pnrsned on the 25th, Hardee's retreating column, who were bronght to bay at Chickamauga Siation. Captured twenty of their rear guard. Followed the retreating enemy as far as Ringold; thence moved via Cleveland. Charlestown, London, and Morgan- town, to within fifteen miles of Knoxville; thence 10 C fmons, on the Hawassle Riv.r. Returning to Chattanooga, went Into winter quarters In the rear of Rossville, Georgia.
On the 1st of Jannary, 1864, the regiment re-en- listed as veterans. 394 men started for home Jan. 11, 1864. Regiment left Illinois for the field agaln in February, 1864, commanded by Colouel John Tillson.
( No history of Tenth for 1864 on file in the Adju- tant-General's office ).
The Tenth lav at Beaufort. S. C., from Jan. 9 to 13. when It moved with the (llvision ( Mower's First (Ilvislou) to Pocotaligo, on Charleston and Savan -. nah Railroad. Remained there until the 30th, attempting on the 20th and 26th to cross the Salka- hatchle, but faillng on account of high water. On th . 30th. mi .ved up on the right bank of the river, and effected a crossing at River's Bridge on the 3d, with a loss of forty meu.
The Tolrd brigade, lo which the Tenth was at- tached, was In the advance, and lost abont 125 men. The crossing wasd fficnlt, and obstinately contested. The swamp. a mile wide, and with many streams to cross, the wa er lee cold, and from o e to five feet deep. We were In it from 7 a. m. till dark. Gen. Howard, who was present, pronounced It " The best thing of the war."
The regiment marched to Midway, on the Augusta and Charleston Rillroad. 9th crossed South Edisto at Binlcker's bridge, throwing a pontoon over it in the face of the enemy, and wading after dark over one-third of a mile through the " lake," took t e position of the enemy In the fiank, drove themu from their entrenchments, and captured sev- eral pri outers, and one caisson.
Passing with the army through Orangeburg to Columbia, Winnsboro, and Cheraw, skirmishing and destroyIng rallroad, thence to Fayetteville, March 11th. There the regiment was detached to lay pontoons over Cape Fear River, which was done, and lodgment effected for a brigade on the opposite bank. The enemy's cavalry was driven back with a loss to them of one lieutenant and five men killed. Thence with renewed sklrinishing. we pushed toward Goldsboro, and when the Fourteenth corps was a racked at Bentonville, we joined It by a forced night's march, and took part in the battle of the 20th and 21st. On the latter day, our division, with the 64th Illinois sharpshooters on the skirmish Ilne got lu on Johnson's rear, and captured part of his headgnarter's material. Our division success- fully resisted the attack of Hardee's whole corps. The loss to the regiment on this occasion was about 60. and to the brigade over 100. being one-fourth of the loss of the whole Army of the Tennessee. The enemy evacuating during the night, the next day we moved to Goldsboro. thence to Raleigh. After Johnson's surrender, to Richunond, Fredericksburg, and Washington, where we participated In the grand review.
Proceeded on the 4th of June, to Loulsville, Ky. Mustered out of United States service, July 4, 1865. and received final discharge and pay July 11th, at Chicago.
During this campaign the regiment was com- manded by Lientenant-Col. David Gillesple, Third Brigade by brevet Brigadler Gen. Tillson. First Division by Major Gen. J. A. Mower, until Golds- boro, and afterward by brevet Major Gen. M. F. Force. Seventeenth Army Corps. Major Gen. Frank P. Blair, commanding. Army of the Tennessee, Major Gen. O. O. Howard, commanding.
HISTORY OF THE HARDIN LIGHT GUARDS AND UNION GUARDS.
WRITTEN BY PRIVATE M. J. CLERIHAN, CO. B.
The old adage, that " in time of peace prepare for war," proved In 1861, to be full of National wisdom. Illinois had my home companies organized prior to the great rebellion, and Jacksonville had the prond satisfaction of having two splendid, well- disciplined companies-the "Hardin Light Guards,"
and the " Union Guards." The call to arms was re- sponded to with alacrity, and on the 16th of April, 1861, by the union of Capt. Charles H. Adams and Capt. John W. King's companles, the Hardin Light Gnards were filled up to the regulation number of men. Charles H. Adams was elected Captaln. J. W. King, 1st Lleut., and Thomas W. Smith, 2d Lleut. The company b-Ing ready for the field, the ladies of the "Athens of the West " presented it with a fine slik flag, which bore the sigulficant Inscription- "Strike, strike the bolt from treason's hand "-this was an Inpetns to Young American heart, to wipe out the blot of sectional treason from the land. On April 22, 1861, the two companles arrived at Camp Yates, near Springfield. The Unlon Guards were offirered by M. F. Woods. Capt ; Floyd Long- ley, 1st Lleut .; and James M. Mitchell, 2d Llent. On the same dlay tle Jacksonvlile companles and two companies from Quincy, 111., were ordered to occupy ( alro, and on Tuesday night, Aprll 23d. Cal- ro was a Federal outpost, just one week after the call of President Lincoln. Althongh these companles werc the first In the field. the tardy anthoritics at Sprlugfield falled to fill up the regiment, of which they were a nurlens, so that the regiment at Calro was not mustered Into the service of the United States nnt11 April 29th, and had to take the number of the 10th, whereas, by rights, It should have been numbered the 7th. On the formation of the regl- ment, the "Unlon Gnards" were assigned to the right flankIng company, and lettered "A" company, the " HardIn Light Guards" were assigned to the left and lettered "B " company. At the election of regimental officers, Capt. Adams was elected Major, and J. W. King was elected Capta n ; T. W. Smith promoted to 1st Lieut., and Sergt. James H. Burnett promoted to 2d Lleut.
The " Hardin Light Guards " were the first Feder- al troops to " invade the sacred soll of Kentucky." Early In June. 1861, a report came that the rebels were encamped at Elllott's Mills, twelve miles be- low Calro on the Kentucky slde. That same night the "Guards," with the stealthy steps of veterans. quletly marched from thelr quarters and took a steamboat and proceeded down the Mississippi. landing at a polnt nearest to the MIlls; after march- Ing through canebrakes, over logs, and wading through swamps, through the gloomy darkness, ar- rived at the Mills to find the Johnnies gone. On their return, when the steamboat hove in sight of Calro, there was a hurrylng to and fro, with the people terror-stricken that the rebels were upou them. In the latter part of June the II. L. G. cap- tured the " Hindman," on her way from St. Louis to New Orleans, heavily loaded with arms and muni- tions of war, for the Confederacy. The Guards were concealed from the daring blockade runner, and as soon as she touched the shore they suddenly board- ed her, and when the Hindman took her departure for " Dixie," her officers were wiser and the boat innch lighter. In the early part of July, '61, at grand review of the armies of the West, by Gen. Geo. B. MacClellan, the General noticed the precis- ion of the Hardin Light Guards in the evolutions of drill, and had the Guards to drill in front of his headquarters. After Cant. King had given the ex- hlbition drlli, the General pronounced it " the best drilled company he had ever seen, regulars or vol- unteers," a compliment that the boys appreciated, and sustained to the end of the war. The H. L. G. furnished for the balance of the war fifty-six com- missioned officers, one being a Brigadler-i;cneral and a Major-General, and several field officers In the regular army. The wnote of the Senior Class of " Illinols College. " enlisted In the Guards, sothat the usual college commencement was not held that year. bnt the college anthorities gave the Seniors thelr diplomas all the same. The oldest mau In the H. L. G. was thirty years ; average age, twenty-two years. Students, lawyers. doctors, and teachers. numbered thirty- two. all others were farmers, me- chanles, clerks, etc. Theterm of enlistment having expired on July 28th, the Jacksonville companles re-enlisted on the same day for three years. retaln- Ing their old positions In the regiment. The H. L. G. elected on August 13th, 1861, Thomas W. Smith, Capt .; W. D. Green, 1st S'cut .; Charles P. McEn- malty. 2d Lieut .; and John B. Talt, Orderly Sergt. The Union Guards were officered by M. F. Woods, Capt .; Floyd Longley, 1st Lleut .; and - Critzer. 2d Lieut. The general routine of camp life was kept up until September 26th, Company B was sent Io guard " Big Muddy Bridge. " ou the Illinois Central R. R .; October 2d, pulled stakes and jolned the reg- iment at Cairo; October 5th the regiment moved to Mound City, the Union Guards landing December 17th, received by Genl. Van Rensalaer, U. S. A .; Genl. J. A. McClernand, Commodore Porter, and many others. On that occasion the H. L. Guards were highly complimented by all the officers. Jan- narv 10th, 1862, the Jacksonville boys lead the van in Grant's famous reconno sance In Kentucky, and
439
MORGAN COUNTY WAR RECORD.
on January 15th the old 10th Regiment, with the H. L. G. on the advance, gets within seven milles of Columbus, Ky. As nothing of note happened. the regiment returned to Its old quarters on Jannary 21st. As the war progressed the Jacksonville com- panles of the ve eran 10t , were ever pashed for- ward when hard work was to be done. On Februa- ry 12th Co. B. with the ald of Co. D. captured two car loads of corn near Charleston, Mo., and returned to their quarters at Birds' Point, in a piriless snow storm. On February 6th. '62. Company B was se- lected to furnish a detati of twenty men, one llen- tenant, to accompaoy Genl. Grant's famon- spy to capture a band of guerrillas who had butchered some pickets of the 10th low: Inf. The following were the men selected : Ist Llent. Charles P McEn- nally, privates Robert Brown, Blair, M. J. Clerthan, Crowthers. Downing, Eldson, Flynn, Grundv. Har- rison, Howard, S. J. Anderson, Marsh, McConnell, McEuraly, Matheson. Norris, Stockton, D. H. Sor- rells, White, and Whitney.
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