USA > Illinois > Newspapers and periodicals of Illinois, 1814-1879 > Part 1
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0293336
GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY OF UTAH, # 3560
-
ON 1939
COLLECTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY
VOLUME VI GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY OF UTAH. 3560
DATE MICROFILMED 17 Jevre 1942
ITEM # 2
PROJECT and G.S. ROLL # CALL #
XL187-102 #
-
973.3 84, ¥6
ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY
BOARD OF TRUSTEES EVARTS BOUTELL GREENE, President MCKENDREE HYPES CHAMBERLIN,* Vice-President OTTO LEOPOLD SCHMIDT, Secretary.
JESSIE PALMER WEBER, Librarian 1
ADVISORY COMMISSION
EVARTS BOUTELL GREENE
JAMES ALTON JAMES
ANDREW CUNNINGHAM MCLAUGHLIN
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS MEESE
EDWARD CARLETON PAGE
CHARLES HENRY RAMMELKAMP
CLARENCE WALWORTH ALVORD Special Editor of Publications
*Resigned, July, 1910.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SERIES VOLUME I
NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS OF ILLINOIS 1814-1879
THIS VOLUME IS A REVISED AND ENLARGED EDITION OF "NEWSPAPERS PUBLISHED IN ILLINOIS PRIOR TO 1860," PUBLICATIONS OF THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY, VOLUME I., NO. 1, BY EDMUND JANES JAMES
PREFACE
As first planned, this work was to include by way of in- troduction a fairly comprehensive history of the periodicals and newspapers of the state. The bibliography grew be- yond the expected size, and the historical material proved even more abundant; consequently the introduction has been made only a sketch, and is to be regarded as but preliminary to a more thorough treatment of the subject. It is to be hoped, however, that even in this brief form it may indicate some of the many ways in which the ephemeral stuff of newspapers and periodicals is an organic part of the literature and history of the commonwealth. That but a slight amount of this material is preserved at all, and that little of what is extant is accessible, are two deplor- able facts to be derived from the following pages. The library lists may prove a convenience to those who have occasion to consult files of early newspapers. If they serve no other purpose, however, they may call attention to the slight amount of such material now in the safe keeping of fireproof library buildings, and may indirectly help to rescue from attics and storerooms the dwindling legacy that is food for mice and flames.
The sources of the bibliography include practically all of the printed county histories and "biographical albums" and some in manuscript; the proceedings of state, county,
V
vi
ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS
and city historical societies, histories of Illinois and of towns; gazetteers, early books of travels, memoirs, city directories, newspaper directories from 1856, fourteen hundred indi- viduals, either through correspondence or through inter- views, and the files of many of the publications. In many instances it has been well nigh, and in some quite, impossible to reconcile conflicts of statement, especially when no files of the publication concerned could be found. For instance, the desire of publishers to acquire long life for their papers has in some cases caused the papers to accrete age simul- taneously at both ends of their careers. In the newspaper directories for 1871 to 1876, 1868 is given as the year in which a certain paper was established. By 1880 this date had receded to 1864, and, gaining momentum, by 1881 had gone to 1861. Sometimes these dates are changed arbi- trarily; more often, though, antiquity is acquired by fasten- ing paternity upon some preceding publication. This phenomenon has been a source of confusion, and probably of error. Possibly many papers are linked in series that have had no other than a chronological relation.
I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to the large number of persons whom I cannot mention individually : editors, former editors, librarians, members of the State Historical Society, and others, who to the number of nearly fourteen hundred have contributed to the making of this compilation. Special acknowledgement is due President Edmund Janes James, of the University of Illinois; Mrs. Jessie Palmer Weber, Librarian of the State Historical
vii
PREFACE
Library; Miss Caroline McIlvain, Librarian of the Chicago Historical Society; Mr. John Vance Cheney, formerly Librarian of the Newberry Library; Mr. Ensley Moore, of Jacksonville; Mr. Paul Selby, of Chicago; Mr. John W. Merritt, of Springfield; Dr. J. F. Snyder, of Virginia, for the use of his unpublished history of the newspapers of Cass County and for many helpful suggestions; Mr. Herbert E. Fleming, of Chicago, for the use of much unpublished material, as well as his published study of the periodicals of Chicago; and Professor Alvord for much editorial kind- ness. F. W. S.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
. xxi
HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION
· XXV
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS, ETC. . BIBLIOGRAPHY
· cvi
ABINGDON, KNOX COUNTY
ALBANY, WHITESIDE COUNTY.
1 2 I 2
ALBION, EDWARDS COUNTY
2
ALEDO, MERCER COUNTY
2
ALEXIS, WARREN COUNTY
3
ALGONQUIN, McHENRY COUNTY
3
ALTAMONT, EFFINGHAM COUNTY
3
ALTON, MADISON COUNTY
3
ALTONA, KNOX COUNTY
9
AMBOY, LEE COUNTY
9
ANNA, UNION COUNTY
IO
APPLE RIVER, JO DAVIESS COUNTY
II
ARCOLA, DOUGLAS COUNTY
II
ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, COOK COUNTY ASHKUM, IROQUOIS COUNTY .
II
ASHLAND, CASS COUNTY
II
ASHLEY, WASHINGTON COUNTY
12
ASHTON, LEE COUNTY
12
ASSUMPTION, CHRISTIAN COUNTY
I2
ASTORIA, FULTON COUNTY
I2
ATLANTA, LOGAN COUNTY
I2
AUBURN, SANGAMON COUNTY
13
AUGUSTA, HANCOCK COUNTY .
I3
AURORA, KANE COUNTY
13
AVA, JACKSON COUNTY .
17
AVON, FULTON COUNTY
17
BARRINGTON STATION, COOK COUNTY
17
BARRY, PIKE COUNTY
17
BATAVIA, KANE COUNTY
I8
BEARDSTOWN, CASS COUNTY
18
BEECHER, WILL COUNTY
20
BELLEVILLE, ST. CLAIR COUNTY
20
BELLFLOWER, MCLEAN COUNTY
25
ix
II
CONTENTS
BELVIDERE, BOONE COUNTY . 25
BEMENT, PIATT COUNTY
26
BENSON, WOODFORD COUNTY
26
BENTON, FRANKLIN COUNTY .
26
BIGGSVILLE, HENDERSON COUNTY
BLANDINSVILLE, MCDONOUGH COUNTY BLOOMINGTON, MCLEAN COUNTY BLUE ISLAND, COOK COUNTY :
27 27 27 32
BLUFFS, SCOTT COUNTY
32
BRADFORD, STARK COUNTY
32
BRAIDWOOD, WILL COUNTY
32 33 33
BRISTOL, KENDALL COUNTY .
33
BUCKINGHAM, KANKAKEE COUNTY .
33
BUCKLEY, IROQUOIS COUNTY .
34
BUDA, BUREAU COUNTY
BUNKER HILL, MACOUPIN COUNTY.
34 34 34 35
BUSHNELL, MCDONOUGH COUNTY . BYRON, OGLE COUNTY .
CAIRO, ALEXANDER COUNTY
35
CALEDONIA, PULASKI COUNTY
CAMBRIDGE, HENRY COUNTY .
CAMP POINT, ADAMS COUNTY
CANTON, FULTON COUNTY
CAPRON, BOONE COUNTY
CARBONDALE, JACKSON COUNTY
CARLINVILLE, MACOUPIN COUNTY
CARLYLE, CLINTON COUNTY .
CARMI, WHITE COUNTY
44
CARROLLTON, GREENE COUNTY
44
CARTHAGE, HANCOCK COUNTY
CASEY, CLARK COUNTY
45 46 46
CENTRALIA, MARION COUNTY.
46
CHAMPAIGN, CHAMPAIGN COUNTY
47
CHANDLERVILLE, CASS COUNTY
49
CHARLESTON, COLES Com" SUUNII
49
CHATSWORTH LIVINGSTON COUNTY
50
CHEBAN "JE, IROQUOIS AND KANKAKEE COUNTIES CHF- .NOA, MCLEAN COUNTY
50
CHERRY VALLEY, WINNEBAGO COUNTY
5I
CHESTER, RANDOLPH COUNTY
51
CHICAGO, COOK COUNTY
52
CHILLICOTHE, PEORIA COUNTY
150
BRIGHTON, MACOUPIN COUNTY
BRIMFIELD, PEORIA COUNTY .
38 38 38 39
40 40 4I 42
CENTRAL CITY, MARION COUNTY
50
CONTENTS
X1
CHRISMAN, EDGAR COUNTY
150
CLAY CITY, CLAY COUNTY
150
CLAYTON, ADAMS COUNTY
150
CLEMENT, CLINTON COUNTY
151
CLIFTON, IROQUOIS COUNTY
151
CLINTON, DE WITT COUNT ·· COBDEN, UNION COUNTY
151 I53
COLCHESTER, MCDONOUGH COUNTY
153
COLLINSVILLE, MADISON COUNTY
I53
COMMERCE, HANCOCK COUNTY
I53
COMPTON, LEE COUNTY
153
CORNELLVILLE, LIVINGSTON COUNTY
153
COULTERVILLE, RANDOLPH COUNTY
153
COWDEN, SHELBY COUNTY
154
CRESTON, OGLE COUNTY
154 154
DAKOTA, STEPHENSON COUNTY
154
DALLAS CITY, HANCOCK COUNTY
154 154
DANVERS, MCLEAN COUNTY
155
DANVILLE, VERMILLION COUNTY
155
DAVIS, STEPHENSON COUNTY
156
DAVIS JUNCTION, OGLE COUNTY
156
DECATUR, MACON COUNTY
156
DE KALB, DE KALB COUNTY
160
DELAVAN, TAZEWELL COUNTY
160
DE SOTO, JACKSON COUNTY .
161
DES PLAINES, COOK COUNTY .
161
DIXON, LEE COUNTY
161
DOLTON, COOK COUNTY.
162
DUNDEE, KANE COUNTY
163
DUNLEITH, JO DAVIESS COUNTY
163
DU QUOIN, PERRY COUNTY
163
DURAND, WINNEBAGO COUNTY
164
DWIGHT, LIVINGSTON COUNTY
164
EARLVILLE, LA SALLE COUNTY
164
EAST ST. LOUIS, ST. CLAIR COUNTY
165
EDWARDSVILLE, MADISON COUNTY
166
EFFINGHAM, EFFINGHAM COUNTY
169
ELDORADO, SALINE COUNTY
170
ELGIN, KANE COUNTY
170
ELIZABETHTOWN, HARDIN COUNTY
I72
ELMWOOD, PEORIA COUNTY
I72
EL PASO, WOODFORD COUNTY
I73
ENFIELD, WHITE COUNTY
I73
CRETE, WILL COUNTY
DANA, LA SALLE COUNTY
xii
CONTENTS
ENGLEWOOD, COOK COUNTY .
I73
ERIE, WHITESIDE COUNTY
I73
EUREKA, WOODFORD COUNTY
173
EVANSTON, COOK COUNTY
I74
EWING, FRANKLIN COUNTY
174
EWINGTON, EFFINGHAM COUNTY EXETER, SCOTT COUNTY
I75
FAIRBURY, LIVINGSTON COUNTY
175
FAIRFIELD, WAYNE COUNTY .
175
FARINA, FAYETTE COUNTY
177
FARMER CITY, DE WITT COUNTY
177
FARMINGTON, FULTON COUNTY
179
FLORA, CLAY COUNTY .
179
FORRESTON, OGLE COUNTY
179
FRANKLIN GROVE, LEE COUNTY
180
FREEPORT, STEPHENSON COUNTY
181
FULTON, WHITESIDE COUNTY
182
GALESBURG, KNOX COUNTY
184 I86
GALVA, HENRY COUNTY
I87 I88 I88
GENEVA, KANE COUNTY
189
GIBSON CITY, FORD COUNTY
189 189
GILLESPIE, MACOUPIN COUNTY
189
GIRARD, MACOUPIN COUNTY .
190
GOLCONDA, POPE COUNTY
19I
GRAFTON, JERSEY COUNTY
I9I
GRAND DETOUR, OGLE COUNTY
I91
GRAND TOWER, JACKSON COUNTY .
191
GRANT PARK, KANKAKEE COUNTY
IO2
GRANVILLE, PUTNAM COUNTY
192
GRAYVILLE, WHITE COUNTY .
192
GREENFIELD, GREENE COUNTY
192
GREENUP, CUMBERLAND COUNTY
193
GREENVILLE, BOND COUNTY .
193
GRIDLEY, MCLEAN COUNTY
194
GRIGGSVILLE, PIKE COUNTY
194
HAMILTON, HANCOCK COUNTY
195
HAMPSHIRE, KANE COUNTY .
195
HARDIN, CALHOUN COUNTY .
195
HARRISBURG, SALINE COUNTY
195
HARVARD, MCHENRY COUNTY
196
180
GALENA, JO DAVIESS COUNTY
GARDNER, GRUNDY COUNTY
GENESEO, HENRY COUNTY
GENOA, DE KALB COUNTY
GILMAN, IROQUOIS COUNTY
175
CONTENTS
xiii
HAVANA, MASON COUNTY
196
HENNEPIN, PUTNAM COUNTY .
HENRY, MARSHALL COUNTY .
HIGHLAND, MADISON COUNTY
HILLSBORO, MONTGOMERY COUNTY HINCKLEY, DE KALB COUNTY HOMER, CHAMPAIGN COUNTY
199 201
HOOPESTON, VERMILLION COUNTY
HUEY, CLINTON COUNTY
HUTSONVILLE, CRAWFORD COUNTY
HYDE PARK, COOK COUNTY .
ILLINOISTOWN, ST. CLAIR COUNTY
ILLIOPOLIS, SANGAMON COUNTY
IPAVA, FULTON COUNTY
JACKSONVILLE, MORGAN COUNTY
JEFFERSONVILLE, WAYNE COUNTY
JERSEYVILLE, JERSEY COUNTY
JOLIET, WILL COUNTY
207 208
JONESBORO, UNION COUNTY
JUBILEE COLLEGE, ROBIN'S NEST, PEORIA COUNTY.
209 209
KANKAKEE, KANKAKEE COUNTY
210
KANSAS, EDGAR COUNTY
KASKASKIA, RANDOLPH COUNTY
211
KEITHSBURG, MERCER COUNTY
213
KENNEY, DE WITT COUNTY
214
KEWANEE, HENRY COUNTY
214
KINMUNDY, MARION COUNTY
215 215 216
KYTE RIVER, OGLE COUNTY .
216
LACON, MARSHALL COUNTY .
216
LA HARPE, HANCOCK COUNTY
217
LAKE ZURICH, LAKE COUNTY LAMOILLE, BUREAU COUNTY .
217 218
LANARK, CARROLL COUNTY
218
LANE (NOW ROCHELLE), OGLE COUNTY .
218
LA ROSE, MARSHALL COUNTY
218
LA SALLE, LA SALLE COUNTY
219
LAWNRIDGE, MARSHALL COUNTY
219
LAWRENCEVILLE, LAWRENCE COUNTY
220
LEBANON, ST. CLAIR COUNTY
220
LEE, LEE COUNTY
221
LEMONT, COOK COUNTY
. 22I
LENA, STEPHENSON COUNTY
. 221
197 198 199
201 201 201
201 202
202 202 202 202 206 206
KANE, GREENE COUNTY
KIRKWOOD, WARREN COUNTY
KNOXVILLE, KNOX COUNTY
xiv
CONTENTS
LE ROY, MCLEAN COUNTY .
222
LEWISTOWN, FULTON COUNTY
222
LEXINGTON, MCLEAN COUNTY
223
LINCOLN, LOGAN COUNTY
223
LITCHFIELD, MONTGOMERY COUNTY LITTLE FORT, LAKE COUNTY
227
LITTLE ROCK, KENDALL COUNTY
227
LOCKPORT, WILL COUNTY
227
LODA, IROQUOIS COUNTY
2 28
LONG POINT, LIVINGSTON COUNTY
228
LOSTANT, LA SALLE COUNTY .
228
LOUISVILLE, CLAY COUNTY
228
LOVINGTON, MOULTRIE COUNTY
229
LOWELL, LA SALLE COUNTY
229
LOW POINT, WOODFORD COUNTY
229
LYNDON, WHITESIDE COUNTY
229
MCHENRY, McHENRY COUNTY
229
MCLEANSBORO, HAMILTON COUNTY
229
MACOMB, MCDONOUGH COUNTY
231
MACON, MACON COUNTY .
232
MAGNOLIA, HENRY COUNTY .
232
MAHOMET, CHAMPAIGN COUNTY
232
MAJORITY POINT, CUMBERLAND COUNTY
232 232
MANCHESTER, SCOTT COUNTY
232
MANSFIELD, PIATT COUNTY
232
MAQUON, KNOX COUNTY
233
MARENGO, McHENRY COUNTY
233 233
MAROA, MACON COUNTY
234
MARSEILLES, LA SALLE COUNTY
235
MARSHALL, CLARK COUNTY .
235
MARTINSVILLE, CLARK COUNTY
237 237 237
MASON, EFFINGHAM COUNTY
238
MASON CITY, MASON COUNTY
238
MATTOON, COLES COUNTY
238
MEDORA, MACOUPIN COUNTY.
239
MENDON, ADAMS COUNTY
240
MENDOTA, LA SALLE COUNTY
240
MEREDOSIA, MORGAN COUNTY
24I
METAMORA, WOODFORD COUNTY
24I
METROPOLIS CITY, MASSAC COUNTY
24I
MIDDLEPORT, IROQUOIS COUNTY
· 242
MALTA, DE KALB COUNTY
MARION, WILLIAMSON COUNTY
MARYSVILLE, VERMILLION COUNTY
MASCOUTAH, ST. CLAIR COUNTY
226
XV
CONTENTS
MILFORD, IROQUOIS COUNTY .
243
MILLINGTON, KENDALL COUNTY
243
MILTON, PIKE COUNTY .
243
MINIER, TAZEWELL COUNTY .
243
MINONK, WOODFORD COUNTY
243
MOKENA, WILL COUNTY
244
MOLINE, ROCK ISLAND COUNTY
244
MOMENCE, KANKAKEE COUNTY
245 245
MONMOUTH, WARREN COUNTY
246
MONROE, OGLE COUNTY
246
MONTICELLO, PIATT COUNTY .
246
MORRIS, GRUNDY COUNTY
247
MORRISON, WHITESIDE COUNTY
248
MORRISONVILLE, CHRISTIAN COUNTY
248
MOUND CITY, PULASKI COUNTY
249
MT. CARMEL, WABASH COUNTY
250
MT. CARROLL, CARROLL COUNTY
251
MT. FOREST, COOK COUNTY .
252
MT. MORRIS, OGLE COUNTY .
252
MT. PULASKI, LOGAN COUNTY
253
MT. STERLING, BROWN COUNTY
253
MT. VERNON, JEFFERSON COUNTY .
254
MOWEAQUA, SHELBY COUNTY
256
MURPHYSBORO, JACKSON COUNTY
256
NAPERVILLE, DU PAGE COUNTY
257
NAPLES, SCOTT COUNTY.
258
NASHVILLE, WASHINGTON COUNTY
258
NAUVOO, HANCOCK COUNTY .
260
NEOGA, CUMBERLAND COUNTY
261
NEPONSET, BUREAU COUNTY .
261
NEWARK, KENDALL COUNTY .
262
NEW ATHENS, ST. CLAIR COUNTY .
262
NEW BERLIN, SANGAMON COUNTY .
262
NEW BOSTON, MERCER COUNTY
262
NEW BURNSIDE, JOHNSON COUNTY
262
NEWMAN, DOUGLAS COUNTY .
262
NEW RUTLAND, LA SALLE COUNTY
262
NEWTON, JASPER COUNTY
263
NEW WINDSOR, MERCER COUNTY
263
NIANTIC, MACON COUNTY
263
NILWOOD, MACOUPIN COUNTY
263
NOKOMIS, MONTGOMERY COUNTY
263
NORMAL, MCLEAN COUNTY
264
NORRIS CITY, JOHNSON COUNTY
264
MONEE, WILL COUNTY .
xvi
CONTENTS
NOYESVILLE, COOK COUNTY . · .
· 264
NUNDA (now NORTH CRYSTAL LAKE), McHENRY COUNTY . 265
OAKLAND, COLES COUNTY
265
ODELL, LIVINGSTON COUNTY .
265
ODIN, MARION COUNTY.
265
O'FALLON, ST. CLAIR COUNTY
265
OLNEY, RICHLAND COUNTY
265
ONARGA, IROQUOIS COUNTY
267
ONEIDA, KNOX COUNTY
267
OQUAWKA, HENDERSON COUNTY
267
OREGON, OGLE COUNTY
268
ORION, HENRY COUNTY
269
OSWEGO, KENDALL COUNTY
270
OTTAWA, LA SALLE COUNTY .
270
PALATINE, COOK COUNTY
27I
PALESTINE, RANDOLPH COUNTY
272
PANA, CHRISTIAN COUNTY
272
PARIS, EDGAR COUNTY .
273
PARK RIDGE, COOK COUNTY
274
PAW PAW, LEE COUNTY
275
PAXTON, FORD COUNTY
275
PAYSON, ADAMS COUNTY
276
PECATONICA, WINNEBAGO COUNTY .
276
PEKIN, TAZEWELL COUNTY
276
PEORIA, PEORIA COUNTY
278
PEOTONE, WILL COUNTY
282
PERRY, PIKE COUNTY .
282
PERU, LA SALLE COUNTY
282
PETERSBURG, MENARD COUNTY
283
PHILO, CHAMPAIGN COUNTY .
283
PINCKNEYVILLE, PERRY COUNTY
283
PIPER CITY, FORD COUNTY
284 284
PLAINFIELD, WILL COUNTY
285
PLANO, KENDALL COUNTY
285
PLYMOUTH, HANCOCK COUNTY
286
POLO, OGLE COUNTY .
286
PONTIAC, LIVINGSTON COUNTY
287
PORT BYRON, ROCK ISLAND COUNTY
288
PRAIRIE CITY, MCDONOUGH COUNTY
288
PRINCETON, BUREAU COUNTY.
289
PRINCEVILLE, PEORIA COUNTY
290
PROPHETSTOWN, WHITESIDE COUNTY
290
QUINCY, ADAMS COUNTY
290
RANSOM, LA SALLE COUNTY
294
PITTSFIELD, PIKE COUNTY
CONTENTS
xvii
RANTOUL, CHAMPAIGN COUNTY
294
RARITAN, HENDERSON COUNTY
295
RAYMOND, MONTGOMERY COUNTY
295
RED BUD, RANDOLPH COUNTY
295
RICHMOND, CLARK COUNTY
296
RICHMOND, McHENRY COUNTY RICHVIEW, WASHINGTON COUNTY
296 296 296 296
RIVERTON, SANGAMON COUNTY
ROANOKE, WOODFORD COUNTY
297
ROBERTS, FORD COUNTY
297
ROBINSON, CRAWFORD COUNTY
297 297
ROCK FALLS, WHITESIDE COUNTY .
298 298
ROCK ISLAND, ROCK ISLAND COUNTY
ROCK RUN
302 305 305
ROCKTON, WINNEBAGO COUNTY
3º5
ROCKWELL, LA SALLE COUNTY
305
ROODHOUSE, GREENE COUNTY
305 306 306 306 308
ST. ANNE, KANKAKEE COUNTY
308 308
ST. ELMO, FAYETTE COUNTY . SALEM, MARION COUNTY
309 309 3II
SANDWICH, DE KALB COUNTY
31I
SAVANNA, CARROLL COUNTY .
312
SAYBROOK, MCLEAN COUNTY SCOTTSVILLE, MACOUPIN COUNTY
312 313
SECOR, WOODFORD COUNTY .
313
SENECA, LA SALLE COUNTY
313
SHABBONA, DE KALB COUNTY
313
SHANNON, CARROLL COUNTY .
313
SHAWNEETOWN, GALLATIN COUNTY. SHELBYVILLE, SHELBY COUNTY
314
SHELDON, IROQUOIS COUNTY .
318
SHERIDAN, LA SALLE COUNTY
318
SHIPMAN, MACOUPIN COUNTY
319
SOMONAUK, DE KALB COUNTY
319
SOUTH CHICAGO, COOK COUNTY
· 319
RIVERSIDE, COOK COUNTY
ROCHELLE, OGLE COUNTY
ROCKFORD, WINNEBAGO COUNTY
ROCK SPRING, ST. CLAIR COUNTY
ROSEVILLE, WARREN COUNTY ROSSVILLE, VERMILLION COUNTY RUSHVILLE, SCHUYLER COUNTY RUTLAND, LA SALLE COUNTY
ST. CHARLES, KANE COUNTY
SANDOVAL, MARION COUNTY .
316
xviii
CONTENTS
SPARLAND, MARSHALL COUNTY
· 319
SPARTA, RANDOLPH COUNTY .
319
SPRINGFIELD, SANGAMON COUNTY
321
STANFORD, MCLEAN COUNTY
327
STAUNTON, MACOUPIN COUNTY
327
STEELEVILLE, RANDOLPH COUNTY STERLING, WHITESIDE COUNTY
327
STEWARTSON, SHELBY COUNTY
227 329
STONE FORT, SALINE COUNTY
329
STREATOR, LA SALLE COUNTY
329
SULLIVAN, MOULTRIE COUNTY
330
SUMNER, LAWRENCE COUNTY SYCAMORE, DE KALB COUNTY TALLULA, MENARD COUNTY
331
TAMAROA, PERRY COUNTY
332
TAMPICO, WHITESIDE COUNTY
333 333
THOMPSON, CARROLL COUNTY
334
TISKILWA, BUREAU COUNTY .
335
TOLEDO, CUMBERLAND COUNTY
335
TOLONO, CHAMPAIGN COUNTY
335
TONICA, LA SALLE COUNTY
335
TOULON, STARK COUNTY
335
TREMONT, TAZEWELL COUNTY
336
TRENTON, CLINTON COUNTY
337
TROY, MADISON COUNTY
337
TURNER JUNCTION, DU PAGE COUNTY
337
TUSCOLA, DOUGLAS COUNTY .
337
UPPER ALTON, MADISON COUNTY
338
URBANA, CHAMPAIGN COUNTY
338
UTICA, LA SALLE COUNTY
339
VANDALIA, FAYETTE COUNTY .
340
VARNA, MARSHALL COUNTY
344
VERMONT, FULTON COUNTY
344
VERSAILLES, BROWN COUNTY
344
VIENNA, JOHNSON COUNTY
344
VIRDEN, MACOUPIN COUNTY .
345
VIRGINIA, CASS COUNTY
345
WALNUT, BUREAU COUNTY
348
WARREN, JO DAVIESS COUNTY
348
WARSAW, HANCOCK COUNTY .
348
WASHBURN, WOODFORD COUNTY
349
WASHINGTON, TAZEWELL COUNTY
349
WATERLOO, MONROE COUNTY
350
WATERMAN, DE KALB COUNTY
35J
331
332
TAYLORVILLE, CHRISTIAN COUNTY
CONTENTS
xix
WATSEKA, IROQUOIS COUNTY
351
WAUKEGAN, LAKE COUNTY
352
WAVERLY, MORGAN COUNTY .
353
354
354
354
354
WESTON, MCLEAN COUNTY
355
WHEATON, DU PAGE COUNTY
355
WHITE HALL, GREENE COUNTY
355
WILMINGTON, WILL COUNTY .
356
WINCHESTER, SCOTT COUNTY
357
WINDSOR, SHELBY COUNTY
358
WOODFORD, WOODFORD COUNTY
358
WOODHULL, HENRY COUNTY .
358
WOODSTOCK, McHENRY COUNTY
359
WYOMING, STARK COUNTY
360
YATES CITY, KNOX COUNTY .
360
YORKVILLE, KENDALL COUNTY
361
YOUNG AMERICA, WARREN COUNTY
361
LIST OF ILLINOIS NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS IN ILLINOIS LIBRARIES
363
CHICAGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY
366
JOHN CRERAR LIBRARY
377
NEWBERRY LIBRARY .
378
CHICAGO PUBLIC LIBRARY
381
STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY
386
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY .
. 392
IN LIBRARIES OUTSIDE OF ILLINOIS
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
398
WISCONSIN HISTORICAL SOCIETY
402
MERCANTILE LIBRARY
404
BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY .
404
AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY
405
LENOX LIBRARY
407
NEW YORK STATE LIBRARY
408
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE
416
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST 1814-1850
417
INDEXES
INDEX TO NEWSPAPERS .
429
INDEX TO NAMES .
533
INDEX TO COUNTIES
605
WAYNE, DU PAGE COUNTY WENONA, MARSHALL COUNTY WEST CHICAGO, COOK COUNTY WESTFIELD, CLARK COUNTY
365
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
FIRST NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED IN ILLINOIS
Frontispiece FIRST NUMBER OF ALTON "OBSERVER "
FIRST NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED IN CHICAGO
facing page 5
facing page 52
" ILLINOIS ADVOCATE " . facing page 34I
HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
PRELIMINARY
This introduction is the result of an effort to sketch a historical background for the disconnected bibliographical material which forms the body of this work. It is not in- tended as a history of the newspapers and periodicals of Illinois; but, as one of our county historians has said, the newspaper business with us has been a "halcyon and vocif- erous proceeding," and some outline such as this may be needed to find the halcyon if not the vociferous in the life history of our newspapers and periodicals. Especially is it purposed to deal with the beginnings in Illinois journalism, and to a less extent to suggest the relation of the newspaper to the manifold successive elements that have entered in the making of the state - population, transportation, communi- cation, politics, education, and other materials and methods of economic and social development; and to record some important tendencies and certain isolated facts not now conveniently accessible elsewhere.
The conditions under which the first Illinois newspaper was established, in 1814, included many disadvantages, which made any other than a meager and tenuous subsistence for it impossible. The population was small and widely distributed; the means of communication were merely rudi- mentary and frequently inoperative; and both money and labor were exceedingly scarce. That a newspaper was started as early as 1814 was due not so much to business as to political reasons: there was United States and territorial
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printing to be done; and the politicians of the territory, including a large proportion of the male population, were yearning toward statehood.
The population of the territory of Illinois had increased slowly until 1813, but with the cessation of Indian raids after the close of the war of 1812, and the passage of the pre- emption act of 1813, a new epoch in immigration began.1 A land office was opened in Kaskaskia in 1814, and the influx of permanent settlers was much increased. The total popu- lation at that time may have been well toward twenty thou- sand, but it was thinly distributed. The village and vicinity of Kaskaskia, which in 1815 contained between seven hun- dred and one thousand persons, was least sparsely settled .? Gallatin, with Shawneetown as its chief village, was the most populous county on the east side of the territory. As late as 1818 it contained but thirty-two hundred persons.3 Shawneetown, where the second paper in the state was established, numbered between thirty and forty families.4
A fact that doubtless tended to hinder the beginning of newspapers in Illinois was the presence, on two sides of the populated area, of larger centers of population than any in Illinois: Vincennes on the east, and St. Louis on the west. In the first a newspaper had been established a full decade before the Illinois Herald was issued - so well established that it is still published; in the second the Missouri Gazette began, in 1808, a career which it has continued, under various names, to the present. Other papers helped to supply the needs of the Illinois settlers. In 1816 the citizens of Shaw-
1 Pooley, Settlement of Illinois, 1830-1850, p. 318.
2 Edwards, History of Illinois, 254.
3 Dana, Sketches of the Western Country, 153.
" But John Woods, in Two Years' Residence in the . . . Illinois Country, says that in 1819 Shawneetown was "a brisk place" and included about eighty houses.
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INTRODUCTION
neetown gave notice through the papers of Kaskaskia, Frankfort (Kentucky), and Nashville (Tennessee), that they would apply to the legislature of Illinois for the establishment of a bank at that place.5 These papers, supported by the population of towns larger than any in the new territory, doubtless delayed both the beginning and the spread of newspapers in Illinois.
Means of communication were meager, primitive, and did not function with either despatch or regularity. The earliest settlements were naturally on the waterways - the Wabash, Ohio, Mississippi, and Kaskaskia rivers. No roads or mail routes were opened until 1805. The first mail route was established in that year from Vincennes to Caho- kia; & the second from Vincennes to Shawneetown in 1806. In 1810 routes were established to St. Louis by way of Kas- kaskia, Prairie du Rocher, and Cahokia; from Kaskaskia to Cape Girardeau, by way of St. Genevieve; from Louis- ville to Shawneetown; and in 1814 to Johnson Court House (now Vienna). Over these routes mail was carried regularly once or twice a week, except in bad weather, or when the roads were impassable.7 But it will appear later that even when the mail was regularly carried, the whole postal system was so bad that regularity and promptness in the arrival of expected mail were never assured.
The transportation of freight suffered even more serious vicissitudes than the distribution of the mail, and the pros- pective publisher of the first newspaper may well have felt himself at some disadvantage in being as remote from the source of his supply of paper and equipment as was Kaskas-
5 Burnham, An Early Illinois Newspaper, Pubs. Ill. State Hist. Soc., No. 8, p. 182.
8 Boggess, Settlement of Illinois, 1775-1830, p. 131.
7 Ibid.
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kia from Cincinnati or Frankfort. All goods had to be carried down the Ohio on flatboats, and then poled up the Mississippi, or hauled overland by wagon. The rivers were frequently too high or too low for ease of navigation, and the roads frequently offered insuperable difficulties.
Such were some of the conditions in Illinois in 1814, when the first newspaper was established. Other circumstances and the changes that came with the growth of population will appear in the account of the papers of the first decade and later.
THE FIRST DECADE
The first period in the history of newspapers in Illinois, which begins with the founding of the Illinois Herald in 1814, closes naturally and conveniently with the momentous con- vention election held in August, 1824. In the first period of ten years five separate papers were established, and all continued until the election.
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