USA > Illinois > Edwards County > Combined history of Edwards, Lawrence and Wabash counties, Illinois. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 29
USA > Illinois > Wabash County > Combined history of Edwards, Lawrence and Wabash counties, Illinois. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 29
USA > Illinois > Lawrence County > Combined history of Edwards, Lawrence and Wabash counties, Illinois. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 29
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There is to be a stairway in the rooms as shown on floor plans, stairs to be wainscoted with pine or poplar dressed on both sides, steps of oak, rise of poplar, rail of poplar fitted on top of wainscoting, which is run above the second floor, two feet six inches, to form railing around the landing or headway.
The towers or wings to be furnished with rough iron railing, there is to be a trap door on top of each tower, the contractor to furnish a ladder for each tower from the floor on the ceiling joints to trap-door on the top, the front tower to be finished as shown on front elevation to be covered with slate ; cornice covered with galvanized iron, molding around the dock's faces to be of galvanized iron. The contractor to furnish six dozen good sub- stantial chairs for jury purposes ; the deck of tower to be covered with tin.
The Contract -This agreement witnesseth : That on this 1st day of August, 1879, the board of county com- missioners of Wabash county, Illinois, of the first part, and A. Halterback of the second part, agree together in manner following.
The said Halterback for the said consideration here- inafter mentioned, doth for himself, his heirs, executors, and administrators covenant with the said the board of county commissioners of Wabash county aforesaid and their successors in office, that he, the said party of the second part, shall and will on or before the first day of September, A D. 1880, after the date hereof, in a good and workmanlike manner, and at his own proper charge and expense, at a place to be designated by the party of the first part in Mt. Carmel, in said county, well and sub- stantially erect, build and finish a court-house according to the specifications, draught, scheme, and explanation hereunto annexed, with such brick, timber, and other material as the said, the board of county commissioners have mentioned and specified in the prefixed specifica- tions, and as contemplated by the plan referred to in said specification.
In consideration whereof, the said board of county commissioners do for themselves and successors in office, covenant with the said A. Halterback, his executors, administrators, well and truly to pay unto the said Halterback, his executors, administrators, the sum of fourteen thousand and fifty dollars, lawful money, in the following manner, viz: One-third of the contract price when the building is completed according to specifications and plan to the ground or first floor, one third more when the building is fully inclosed, and balance when the court-house is fully completed and finished according to said plans and specifications. It is mutually stipulated that the party of the first part shall have privilege to place and keep on said building,
as it progresses to completion, a gentleman to inspect the work and material used in said building.
The new court-house was occupied in March 1881. It is apparently a stately building. The work seems to have been slighted to some extent, and it is sincerely to be wished that it be never tested as to its power to resist another cyclone.
County Jail .- There is no such institution in existence at this day. The records of the county show however that B. Harvey contracted with the county-board, on March 8th, 1831, for the erection of a jail at Mount Carmel, of a dimension of 16 feet by 32 feet. Terms of contract not stated.
1849 to 1883 .- The constitutional convention of 1847, in which Wabash county was represented by Charles H.y Constable, concluded their labors on the 13th of August, 1847. The judgment law, proposed by said convention was ratified by the people on the 6th of March, 1848. The form of county government was changed in conse- quence of the adoption of the new constitution ; the commissioners of the county stepped down and out, to make room for the county court.
Miscellaneous notes from the Journal .- The first county court to wit, James H. Beall, judge, Anthony Albietz and John D. Dyar, associates, took charge of the affairs of the county on the 1st December, 1849. There was nothing but routine before them, during their whole term with the exception of the examination of the accounts of S. S. Lukens, latesheriff who had died before he had finish .- ed his collector's report. W. T. Page represented the coun- ty in this examination, and reported $1542.83 due the county, which amount was paid over to the treasurer by the administratrix. A vote on township organization, the first one, was had in 1855, an indication, that there was some dissatisfaction with the new governors.
The burning of the court-house, April 5th, 1857, is not mentioned at all in the subsequent records, except incidentally, as for instance,when the court ordered that the judge and clerks should have the bricks of the burned building cleaned and piled up to the best advan- tage of the county, or that he, the court, should be cited to come forward to file a new bond or vacate his office.
The building of the court-house was not the only business, that weighed heavy on the court ; there were the swamp land troubles and railroad subscriptions besides. The building of the court house is mentioned above and the swamp land business may be briefly stated. The lands ceded to the county by and in con- sequence the swamp land act of 1850, were ordered to be sold December, 1853. Hiram Bell, the swamp land commissioner, made his first report in March, 1858, when he stated he had $4,304.36 in money and notes on hand, the proceeds of lands sold. The report is succeeded by an order of court, July, 1858, that the drainage commis- sioner should again report at the September term, and also give a full and detailed account of all his transac- tions as swamp land commissioner and drainage master. The language of the order is terse and exhibits anger.
123
HISTORY OF EDWARDS, LAWRENCE AND WABASH COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
The report was filed and approved, but the office of drainage master and swamp land commissioner was abolished and the ex-officer peremptarily ordered to turn over books, vouchers and notes at once. Mr. Bell was then building the court-house and attending to the duties of various public offices, and he had for the last twenty- five or thirty years been burdened with an uncommon load of public labors and responsibilities. . The known ingratitude of republics was again exemplified in him, and he was held to pay, and had to pay a balance of $1,840.06 found against him in his accounts as swamp land commissioner. This office so recently abolished, was re-organized with James P. McNair as commissioner January 5th, 1859. On June 5th, 1861, judge Wilkin- son reported that he had visited the General Land Office at Springfield, to ascertain the status of the Wabash county claim against the United States, and that he had been assured, that the county would soon, probably in less than three months, be reimbursed by the United States, for moneys obtained in the sale of some 5000 acres of Wabash county swamp lands. The funds finally obtained were $2,715.58. The money was used in drainage works and for other purposes.
The finances of the county, during this period, were in a wretched condition as will be seen from the following synopsis :
COUNTY FINANCES, ASSESSMENTS, TAXES AND DEBTS.
The financial condition of the county during the pe- riod from 1825 to 1850 had been healthy. The expen- ditures did not exceed the revenues, and the county re- mained free of debt; at any rate the records do not show any financial troubles. An examination of the county finances, made March 8, 1851, developed the fact that then a small floating debt of $740.85 existed, and that the assets of the county, to wit: $33.13 cash in the treasury, $1102.97 of uncollected taxes, and $50 in fines not yet paid, exceeded the debt to the amount of $445.25. The tax values of that year amounted to $618,947, and the taxes for state, county and schools to $6.104.81, not quite 1 per cent., or about $1 30 per capita. In June, 1855, the funds in the treasury were reported by the treasurer to amount to $273.73, where- upon the court proceeded to count the funds, and found them to consist of $158 in American gold coin, 7 twenty franc pieces, worth $26.81, 2 ten gulden pieces worth $8.00, 2} English sovereigns worth $12.12, American silver $21.10, German thalers $11.70, and bank paper amounting to $43.00, and worth $36.00.
The taxes were now rapidly increasing, the county having contracted heavy debts in the aid of railroads located in the county. The taxes of 1857, to wit : $1.60 per $100, amounted to $16,233 or $2.46 per capita, but there was then still a cash balance. In 1859 the tax roll amounted to $31,951 21, or more than $4.00 per capita.
The first detailed statement of the expenditures of the
county was made in March, 1862, from which learn the following :
Cost of roads and bridges $668.49
4 of providing for the poor 935.13
= of dieting prisoners 325 87
= of drainage 248.94
= of courts and salaries of officers 2,087.65
4 of elections .
67.85
Interest on court-house debt
468.00
Interest on railroad debt .
8,000.00
Cost of making assessment.
622.22
Total . $13,424.15
The county debt was stated to be :
Bonds issued in ald of railroad $100,000.00
Baisoce of court-house debt . 1,242.48
Unpald county orders 1,992.46
Total . $103,234.90
The assets of the county consisted in the hope of get- ting $3000 from the United States on account of swamp lands sold. The assessed value of taxable property was stated to be $945,571.
Matters grew rapidly worse, and on November 4, 1865, the court resorted to the pernicious measure of issuing interest bearing county orders. The clerks of the circuit and county courts were authorized to issue $50,000 in such orders, throw them on the market and deposit the money to be realized with T. J. Shannon, the fiscal agent of the county. The two clerks reported that they could not place these orders, and so, the court in its desperate efforts to obtain money, ordered Decem- ber 5, 1865, that those county orders should be tax free, and that they might be sold at a discount of from 2 to 6 per cent. At the same time a special tax of $2.00 was levied to guarantee the speedy redemption of those orders. The tax of 1866 was simply enormous, to wit: $3.00 for the county, and nearly $2.00 for State and local purposes. The taxes were promptly paid, the debt reduced, and in 1870 the constitutional limit of the tax rate, to wit, 75 cents, not exceeded. The county courts to whom the government of the county had been en- trusted since 1849, were superseded by boards of county commissioners in 1874, and these officers caused a rigid investigation of the county affairs to be made, and in their March term, 1874, declared that a floating debt of $12,238.85 was still in existence. The bonded debt of the county was refunded in pursuance of an election held August 13, 1881, at which it was decided by a vote of 403 against 64 to issue $100,000 in 6 per cent. regis- tered bonds, to redeem older bonds. Messrs. George O. Marcy & Co., of Chicago. took the whole amount at 4} per cent. premium, and placed the sum of $104,250 into the hands of the State treasurer to the credit of Wabash county August 16, 1831. To complete this sketch we introduce a few tabulated statements, to wit:
Copy of Assessment of 1853.
Horses,
1893, at $35.00 .
$08,565
Neat cattie,
3658 4
7.75.
28,374
Mules,
40 € 64.35 .
2,535
Sheep,
37:28 4
1.00 .
3,728
Hogs,
14218 4 1.04 .
14,569
124
HISTORY OF EDWARDS, LAWRENCE AND WABASH COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
Carriages and wagons, 654 at $30.00 .
$19,716
Clocks and watches, 625 4 6.25.
3,280
Pisnos,
3 44
1.08 .
325
Grain of all kinds . . . 930
All other personal property
1.106
Total .
$314,512
84,834 acres improved, at
$10.02 .
849,798
52,652 " unimproved 4.94 .
241,172
1,871 town lots improved 143.19 .
267,900
778 town lots unimproved 20.51 .
15,851
Total .
$1,690,240
Wheat,
29,600 acres
Other field products . 2,002
Corn
23,357 4
Pastures .
14,652
Osta
4,246
Orchards 1,519
Meadows
9,458
Woodland . 52,652
$137,486
Values and Taxes of Wabash County in 1882.
Personal property of every description
$311,453
Lands, improved and unimproved 1,108,069
Town and city lots . 271,326
Railroad property . 194,139
Total . $1,884,989
Taxes.
State .
. 36 cts. per 100 $6,673,28
State . . back taxes . . 2,963.69-
$9,636.85
Special railroad debt-taxes
21,399.30
County tax-76 cta.
$14,143.31
back taxes
6,122.58
road and bridge tax . 3,866.20 -- - 23,132.09
School taxes
19,124.14
City taxee
1,785.99
Dog isx .
845.00
Total taxes .
$75,923.37
8 safes
71.75
570
8 billiards
141.25
1,130
1356 wagons
43.4516
58,930
1150 watchesand clocks 6,4676
7,439
353 sewing machines 48.47
17,110
25 pianos
226,60
5,665
19 melodeons
74.00
1,405
1
300.00
300
1 patent right
10.00
10
4 sailing vessels
45,00
180
Merchandise.
94,635
Manufactured artlolee.
17,633
Machinery.
66,377
Moneys and credita .
281,441
All other personal property
149,880
$1,043,370
63810 acres of improved lands,
. $28.31 -- $1,806,691
69853 .4 unimp'd
14,66- 1,024,019- 2,830,710
2121 town and city lots
754,775
Total .
$1,828,855
The county was rich in 1873. The following table exhibits an unaccountable reduction in values :
Assessment of 1882.
2474 horses, at
$25,00 $61,840
4755 cattle
7,2773 .
34,582
485 mules
28.77
13,953
4147 sheep
1.511% .
6,275
5369 bogs
1.57
8,436
18 engines
177.85
3,225 495
15 safes
33,00
3 billiards ·
8.3316
250
1314 wagons
16.90
20,883
1316 clocks and watches 2.07
7.55
39 pianos
70.13
2,180
Merchandise .
37,305
Agricultural tools, machines, etc .
26,481
Moneys, bonds, jewelry, ste.
52,052
Household and office property.
$31,876
Investments in real estate
1,170
Goods and merchandise
40,510
Manufactured articles
2,970
Moneys and credits.
66,038
Bonds and stocks,
12,350
Unenumerated property
24,538
Total personal property
$282,195
Valuation of lands
393,052
Valnatlon of town lots.
102.358
· Total tax valne,.
$777,605
State fax at 491% .
$3,836.18
County tax at 40 .
3,110.42
School tax at 10 & 15 ,
972.10
Back taxes
83.94
Total tax
$8,002 64
From which it would appear that all taxes added to- gether would amount to a very small fraction over one per cent. The population of the county amounted then to 5245 souls, and the tax to be raised was $152 per capita. This was in 1853, and, in order to draw proper lines of comparison, we introduce here the assessments of 1873 and 1882;
Wealth of Wabash County in 1873 .- The County at its best.
3212 horses, at
$54.4976 .
$175.038
4443 cattle,
14.3376 .
63,705
421 mules
66.5076.
28,000
7380 sheep
1,447%
10,635
13470 hogs
2.38
32,164
16 steam engines
801.76
12,828
This is an enormous tax-more than $4.00 per $100, or $7.60 per capita.
The Railroad Debts .- One of the causes of the county indebtedness and increased taxation was the fact that the people voted large amounts of money to aid the construction of railroads through the territory of the county. We append a brief synopsis of the measures adopted for that purpose :
The first proposition in this direction, made by the county court, to subscribe $30,000 to the Ohio and Wabash road, was voted down on the 25th of March, 1854, as was also the proposition to donate the proceeds from the sale of swamp lands to Illinois Southern road in 1857. The agitation in favor of this road continued, however, and at the November election, 1857, a major- ity of 171 decided in favor of subscribing $100,000 capital stock of the said road. On the 8th of December, 1858, the Court, consisting of Judges William R. Wil- kinson, and Thomas J. Armstrong and George Glick, Associates, made an order to issue $100,000 in 8 per cent. interest bearing bonds to pay said subscription. There were, however, a few restrictions in reference to the issue; the bonds were not to be sold for less than 85 cents per $1.00, nor was the money to be paid before a proportionate amount of work was performed in the road bed in the county.
Richard H. Hudson was entrusted with the examina- tion of vouchers, and the disbursing of the funds were discretionary, with him. Associate Justice Armstrong
795 sewing machines
2,738 6,99 2,735
78 melodeons
21.02
HISTORY OF EDWARDS, LAWRENCE AND WABASH COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
125
protested against the proposed measure ; his protest was spread upon the record. Judge Armstrong resigned his office at once. The balance of the term was filled by Wm. McClain. Richard Hudson withdrew from his trust in November, 1861.
The county did not provide for the necessary funds to meet the interest due, and surrendered a part of her railroad stock to the company, which, in their turn, agreed to pay the interest then due. The county bonds were subsequently bought up by Messrs. Robert Bell and E. B. Green, the county paying for them at the rate of 75 cents per $1.00. The measures taken to raise the necessary funds are mentioned elsewhere. The bulk, to wit, $90,500, were taken up and paid for in March, 1867, and the remainder was presented by E. S. Rus- sell, in March, 1868. His bonds amounted, principal and interest, to $3,442.40, and he agreed to take $2,- 581.80 for it. In the transaction it occurred that four- teen coupons of forty dollars each, were counted for double their face value, to wit $1,120, instead of $560.
It is an astonishing fact, that in the midst of an abso- lute financial misery, and an enormous tax, the people of the county voted another subscription of $15,000 in aid of the Cairo and Vincennes railroad, January 4, 1868. The vote polled was large, to wit 1,265. Lan- caster voted unanimously against the subscription, which had but few endorsers in Lick Prairie, Friendsville, Bonpas and Wabash, while Mt. Carmel and Coffee alone gave majorities in favor of it. The majority in favor was 95.
The county entered into an agreement with Green B. Raum, the president of the proposed railroad, to issue those bonds and surrender the stock issued to the county, to the company, when the iron was laid through the county, conditioned, however, that the cars should run within eighteen months from January 22, 1868. This latter clause saved the county from this subscription. The cars did not run. Another railroad scheme found favor with the citizens on the 29th of January, 1870 ; they voted 618 against, 540 to donate one hundred thous- and dollars in aid of the St. Louis, Mt. Carmel and New Albany railroad. The bonds were to run twenty-five years, but payable at any time previous at the pleasure of the county, and were to bear eight per cent. annual interest. The bonds were issued August 1, 1871. Ten years later they were taken up by substituting the new six per cent. bonds, as stated above.
In closing this sketch, a few statistics of the census of 1880, imperfect as they are, may find a space here.
POPULATION :
City and precinct of Mt. Carmel. .
.1,176 2,747
Wabash precinct .
Town of Allendale
231 1,407
Friendsville precinct
1,015
Town of Friendsville
184 1,199
Lick Prairie and Lancaster
1,575
Bonpas (now Bellmont)
.1,558
Town of Bellmont .
279
1,837
Coffee . .
992
Town of Keensburgh
78 1,070
Total
9,775
ADDENDUM.
The county of Wabash sent Hon. Charles H. Consta- ble as her delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1847. Hon. Thomas W. Stone represented the counties of Wabash and White in the Convention of 1862, and Hon. James M. Sharp was the delegate of Wabash and Lawrence to the Constitutional Convention of 1870.
Wabash county as represented in the General Assembly :
1826 to 1828 -Stephen Bliss, Senator for Edwards and Wabash. Henry Utter, Representative.
1828 to 1830-Enoch Beach, Senator for Edwards, Wabash and Wayne. Samuel Mundy, Representative.
1830 to 1832 .- Enoch Beach, Senator as above. Samuel Mundy, Representative.
1832 to 1834 .- Henry I. Mills, Senator as above. W. G. Anderson, Representative.
1834 to 1836 .- Henry I. Mills, Senator as above. Orlando B. Ficklin, Representative, resigned February 13th, 1835. Edward Smith elected to fill vacancy.
1836 to 1838 .- Henry I. Mills, Senator as above. Edward Smith Representative.
1838 to 1840 .- Henry I. Mills, Senator as above. Edward Smith, Representative, died during term. Jc- seph G. Bowman, Representative, successor of Smith.
1840 to 1842 .- R. B. Slocumb, Senator as above. James Beall, Representative.
1842 to 1844 .- R. B. Slocumb, Senator as above. John Compton, Representative.
1844 to 1846 .- Charles H. Constable, Senator as above. John F. Youngkin, Representative.
1846 to 1848 .- Charles H. Consable, Senator as above. Samuel S. Lukins, Representative.
1848 10 1850 .- Alfred H. Grass, of Lawrence, Sena- tor, 8th Senatorial district. William Pickering, of Ed- wards, Representative, 8th Representative district .*
1850 to 1852 .- Alfred H. Grass, Senator as above. William Pickering, Representative as above.
1852 to 1854 .- Mortimer O'Kean, of Jasper, Senator as above. Victor B. Bell, of Wabash, Representative.
1854 to 1856 .- Silas L. Bryan, of Marion, Senator, 20th Senatorial district. S. H Martin, of White, Rep- resentative, 9th Representative district +
1856 to 1858 .- Silas L. Bryan, of Marion, Senator as above. John E. Whitney, of White, Representative as above.
1858 to 1860 .- Silas L. Bryan, of Marion, Senator as above. John G. Powell, of White, Representative.
1860 to 1862 .- Zadock Casey, of Jefferson, Senator as above. James M. Sharp, of White, Representative.
1862 to 1864 .- Hugh Gregg, of Williamson, Senator, 2nd Senatorial district. James M. Sharp, of Wabash, Representative, 4th district.}
* Wabash, Edwards, Lawrence, Richland, Clay, Jasper and Effing- ham formed the 8th Senatorial, and Wabash and Edwarde the 8th Rep- resentative district from 1848 to 1854.
+ From 1834 to 1862 Wabash and White formed the 9th Repreeen- tative district, and Wabash, Edwards, Wayne, Jefferson, Merlon, Clay and Rich- Jand, the 20th Senatorial district.
* From 1862 to 1870 Wabash, Edwards, Wayne, Clay, Richland
126
HISTORY OF EDWARDS, LAWRENCE AND WABASH COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
1864 to 1866 .- John W. Westcott, of Xenia, Senator as above. D. H. Morgan, of Russellville, Representa- tive.
1866 to 1868 .- John W. Westcott, of Xenia, Senator as above. James M. Sharp, of Mt. Carmel, Represen- tative.
1868 to 1870 .- J. J. R. Turney, of Fairfield, Senator as above. D. H. Morgan, of Russellville, Representa- tive.
1870 to 1872 .- John Jackson, of Lawrence and John Landrigan, of Edwards, Senators, 2nd Senatorial dis- trict. Walter L. Mayo, of Edwards, Representative, 20th district.
1872 to 1874 .- George W. Henry, of Clay, Senator, 44th Senatorial district .* Isaac M. Jacquess, of Wa- bash, Robert T. Forth, of Wayne and David W. Bark- ley, of Wayne, Representatives.
1874 to 1876 .- George W. Henry, of Clay, Senator as above. Samuel R. Hall, of Edwards, Byron J. Ro- tau, of Clay and John Landrigan, Representatives as above.
1876 to 1878-Robert P. Hanna, of Wayne, senator as above; Hiram H. Chessley, of Clay, W. R. Wil- kinson, of Wabash, George Ramsey, of Clay, representa- tives.
1878 to 1880-Robert P. Hanna, of Wayne, senator as above; Jacob Zimmerman, of Wabash, William Bower, of Richland, Charles Churchill, of Edwards, representatives.
1880 to 1882-John Tanner, senator as above; Na- than Crews, James Keen, E. B. Keen, representatives.
1882 to 1884-John C. Edwards, senator 46th Dis- trict + ; F. W. Cox, Lowery Hay, W. H. Johnson, repre- sentatives.
County Commissioners .- Levi Compton, 1825 to 1826 ; Tarlton Boren, 1825 to 1828, two terms; Moses Bedell, 1825 to 1826; Ephraim Phar, 1826 to 1830, two terms ; Beauchamp Harvey, 1826 to 1830, two terms; George Knight, 1829 to 1832, two terms; Anthony Altintz, 1840 to 1846, two terms; William Wier, 1842 to 1845; Daniel Keen, 1844 to 1849, twice elected ; George Glick, 1843 to 1848; Stephen S. Gunn, 1846 to 1849; Abra- ham Utter, 1848 to 1849.
County Courts .- 1849 to 1853, James H. Beale, judge ; Anthony Albietz, John G. Dyer, associate judges. 1853 to 1857, James H. Beale, co-judge ; T. J. Armstrong, Henry Mundy, associates. 1857 to 1861, Wm. R. Wilkin- son, resigned, co-judge ; T. J. Armstrong, 1857 to 1859, William McClain to fill vacancy, George Glick, associates. 1861 to 1865, Thos Armstrong, co-judge; Isaac Hershey, O. H. Keen, associates. 1865 to 1869, Thomas J. Arm- strong, Judge (died 1869); Robert Bell, judge elect, 1869, Rozander Smith, Collins Bredwell, associates. 1869 to White, Lawrence and Hamilton formed the 2nd Senatoriai, and Wabash and Lawrence the 4th Representative district.
* The Act of March Ist, 1872, formed the State into 51 Senatorial dis- tricts, each district to elect one Senator and three Representatives. Wabash, Clay, Wayne, Richiand and Edwards constituted the 44th district
+ Wabash, Lawrence, White and Hamilton compose now the 46th Senatorial District of the state.
1873, James S. Johnson, co-judge; Stephen C. Midgett, John Graff, (resigned 1872), W. R. Mundy, filled va- cancy 1872. 1873 to 1877, Thomas J. Shannon, judge of probate, the county government to be attended to by a board of commissioners. W. W. McDowell, judge, 1877, resigned April, 1879 ; Stephen C. Midgett elected to fill vacancy in 1879 and re-elected for a full term 1882 to 1884.
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