History of St. Clair County, Illinois. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Part 20

Author: Brink, McDonough & Co., Philadelphia
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Philadelphia : Brink, McDonough
Number of Pages: 530


USA > Illinois > St Clair County > History of St. Clair County, Illinois. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 20


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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The following are the names of the candidates, and the number of votes each received from the above named voters :


For Governor


Shadrach Bond .


436 votes


Lieut. "


Pierre Menard


262


Wm. L. Reynolds


97


66


Edward N. Cullom


124


Congress


Daniel P. Cook .


396


Jolin McLean


107 66


State Senator


. Wm. Kinney .


294


66


. Wm. Biggs .


252


State Representative . James D. Thomas .


370


¥


=


. Jolin Messinger .


342


. Risdon Moore


240


. Cornelius Gooding


240


"


. Jacob Ogle .


-205


. P. Mitchell


75


=


Sheriff


. Wm. A. Beaird


256


Wm. Biggs, Jr. .


208


. Robert K. Mclaughlin


89


Coroner


Job Badgley


184


Thomas W. Talbott


119


¥


H. Sharp


119


66


. S. Myers .


16


This election closed at three o'clock on Saturday, the third day of .. said election, whereupon it appears that Wm. Kinney is duly elect- ed Senator of the Assembly, John Messinger and James D. Thomas elected Representatives, Risdon Moore and Cornelius Gooding be- ing equal on number of votes, Wm. A. Baird elected as Sheriff, and Job Badgley as Coroner.


THOS. GILLHAM,


Judges.


JAMES ROSE,


JOHN HAYS, Sheriff,


Attest, JOHN HAY, Clerk. Belleville, September 19th, 1818.


Elections lasted from two to three days. Voting took place viva ,voce. County or local elections seem to have interested the people in those years much more than Federal elections. To illustrate which, we shall give here the numbers of votes polled in 1820. The local election took place in August, when 619 voters appeared at the polls, while the Presidential election, in November, brought out but 185 voters.


Up to the date of this election the county had had but one place of election, or poll-Cahokia, from 1790 to 1814, when, on the re- moval of the county-seat to Belleville, the poll was also located there.


The County Court established an election precinct for the town-


73


HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, ILLINOIS.


ship of Cahokia, poll to be at the house of Auguste Pensoneau-on the 14th of September, 1821. For Chamber township and parts of Ogle and Silvercreek, townships, poll at the house of William Tal- bott, at Lebanon-December 1821. For Manville and Silvercreek June 4, 1822, poll at the house of Joshua Perkins, at New Athens. And for Spring township, with poll at Columbia, May 8, 1824.


The boundaries of these precincts were not accurately defined and we find that in June, 1826, the following order was issued : Chamber township, and parts of Ogle and Silvercreek townships shall form precinct No. 1, with poll at Lebanon.


Manville township and the other adjacent people shall form precinct No. 2, poll at the house of Reuben Lively.


Cahokia and Illinois townships shall form the 3d precinct, voting place at the house of Nic. Boismenne, in Cahokia.


Belleville township to be the 4th precinct, with poll at the court- house.


From this day on, various changes have been made, whenever the county authorities saw proper so to do. We forbear to give the details of those changes, and will merely state that at present the county is divided into sixteen political townships, and that each of these townships forms an election precinct. Our readers will find a more detailed account of these townships or precincts in another chapter of this work, and we shall confine ourselves merely to a re- cital of their names, their population in 1880, and the number of votes cast at the general election of said year, to wit :


INHABITANTS.


VOTES CAST.


Belleville precinct.


17,109


3,415


East St. Louis, ..


9,977


1,805


Athens,


3,823


696


St. Clair,


1,639


294


Centreville,


3,520


640


Mascoutah,


4,944.


890


Cahokia,


1,974


359


Fayetteville,


3,342


607


Lebanon.


3,674


668


Summerfield,


1,676.


305


Caseyville, ..


1,452.


26 4


Richland, ..


3,334


607


('Fallon,.


3,042


553


Prairie du Pont,


1,249.


227


Shiloh


792.


144


French Village,.


539


93


Totals, 62,031


11,581


We have heretofore made the assertion that the population of the county about the year 1800, was larger than the figures given by former authors; the non-voting population of Indians and Negroes are of course not included.


1799. 1st election.


185 votes


1805. 3rd


182 «


1812. 5th


338 "


1818. 7th . «


556


The following is the population of St. Clair county from 1800 to 1880:


1800


1,255


1810


5,007


1820


5,248


1830


7,078


1840


13,631


1850


20,180


1860


37,694


1870


51,068


1880


61,850


The archives in the court house at Belleville give no clue as to 10


the authority upon which the election of January 5, 1799, was held.


The election of 1802 was ordered by the then Governor of the Indiana Territory; the original proclamation is on file in the court-house, in words and figures as follows :


By William Henry Harrison, Esq., Governor and Commauder- in-chief of the Indiana Territory.


A PROCLAMATION.


WHEREAS by my proclamation of the 23d inst. an election for representatives to a general convention was directed to be holden ; In compliance with the wishes of the good people of this Territory, expressed to me in sundry petitions,-


AND WHEREAS it is expedient that the said convention should be assembled as soon as possible,-I have thought proper to appoint, and do by these presents appoint Monday, the 20th of December next ensuing for that purpose, and each and every person who shall be duly returned as a representative to the said convention is re- quired to give his attendance at the Town of Vincennes on the said 20th of December.


Done at Vincennes the 24th of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and two, and of the Independence of the United States the twenty-seventh.


In testimony of which I have hereunto set my hand and have caused the seal of the Territory to be affixed.


WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON.


By the Governor, JOHN GIBSON, Secretary.


This document is endorsed as follows :


In obedience to the within writ, an election was held on Tuesday December 7, at the court-house in St. Clair county, when Shadrach Bond, Jean Francois Perrey and John Mordock, Esquires, were elected representatives to the convention.


In testimony whereof, etc., etc.,


JOHN HAYS, Sheriff.


The election of 1805 was held in consequence of a similar pro- clamation which is also on file in original, worded as follows :


Indiana Territory 38:


By William Henry Harrison, Governor, etc., etc.


" WHEREAS by a resolution of the House of Representatives of the 6th of February last, the election held on the 3d day of Janu- ary preceding, for a representative to the General Assembly of the Territory from the county of St. Clair, was deelared null and void, and whereas by an act of Congress, passed at their last session, the county of Wayne is from and after the 30th of June next ensuing to be formed into a separate Territory. Now therefore to the end that the said county of St. Clair may have the proportion of repre- sentatives in the Legislature to which its population entitles it, and that the number of members composing the House of Representa- tives after the 30th day of June next, may be made conformable to the law creating the Indiana Territory, I have thought proper to issue this my proclamation, hereby making known that an election will be held in the county of St. Clair on Monday, the 20th day of May next, for two persons to represent the said county in the House of Representatives for two years, from and after the said 30th of June next, and I do further make known and declare, that from and after the said 30th of June next, the House of Representatives of the said Territory shall consist of seven members."


The proclamation is signed and endorsed as the one above.


The first election held in and for the Territory of Illinois was or- dered by the following proclamation, viz. :


74


HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, ILLINOIS.


By Ninian Edwards, Governor and Commander-in-chief of the Illinois Territory.


A PROCLAMATION.


WHEREAS by my proclamation of the 14th of March last, elec- tions were directed to be held in the several counties, in order to give the freeholders thereof an opportunity of expressing their wishes relative to the organization of a General Assembly in the Territory.


AND WHEREAS it appears to my satisfaction that a majority of them were in favor thereof, I do hereby order that elections be held in the several counties of this Territory, on the 8th, 9th and 10th days of October next, for the purpose of electing a delegate to Congress, members of Council, and Representatives in the Assem- bly ; the election to be held for the county of Madison at the house of Thomas Kirkpatrick ; for the county of St. Clair at the court- house, in the town of Cahokia ; for the county of Randolph at the court-house, in the town of Kaskaskia ; for the county of Gallatin at Shawneetown ; and for the county of Johnston at the house of John Bradshaw


And I do hereby assign to the county of Madison one Represen- tative, to the county of St. Clair two, to the county of Randolph one, to the county of Gallatin two, and to the county of Johnston one.


Done at Kaskaskia, the 14th day of September, 1812, and of the independence of the U. S. the 37th.


NINIAN EDWARDS.


By order of the Governor, NATHANIEL POPE, Secretary.


The governors of those days used plain coarse paper, no printed forms whatever. The papers had as water mark the name of C. Patch, and the year 1799.


LAND GRANTS IN ST. CLAIR COUNTY.


The bishop of Quebec, in Canada, then New France, in July 1698, granted letters patent to the Seminary of Foreign Missions, at Quebec, for the establishment of a mission for the Tamarois and Kahokias, two Indian tribes in S. W. Illinois. In pursuance of this authority the mission of St. Sulpice was established among said tribes, and a village grew up, called the Holy Family of Caoquias. The missionaries seem to have enjoyed and executed a full control of affairs subject to no power other than their superiors of the Sem inary of Quebec. La Salle, after descending the Mississippi river to its mouth in 1682, had given to the vast valley the name of Loui- siana in honor of King Louis XIV. of France. The first official mentioning of the name, however, occurred thirty years later, when on the 14th of September, 1712, the king of France granted to Antoine Crozat, letters patent to the whole commerce of the country. Disappointed in his expectations of finding precious metals, Crozat surrendered his patent to the crown in 1717. The Duke of Orleans, then regent of France during the minority of Louis XV. estab- lished the Company of the Indies, to whom was granted all Loui- siana, with power to grant away the royal domain. The early records of this state show numerous grants made by this company, and among them one of particular interest for this county ; we give its contents in full.


We, Pierre Duguet de Boisbriant, first lieutenant of the king in the province of Louisiana, Commandant in the Illinois, and Marc Antoine de la Loire des Ursins, principal commissary of the Royal company of the Indies.


On the demand of the missionaries of the Caoquias and Tamarois, to grant them a tract of four leagues squares, in fee simple, with the neighboring island, to be taken a quarter of a league above the


small river of Caokias, situated above the Indian village, and in going up following the course of the Mississippi and in returning towards the fort of Chartres, running in depth to the north, east and south for quantity. We, in consequence of our powers, have granted the said land to the missionaries of Caokias and Tamarois in fee simple, over which they can, from the present, work, clear and plant the land, awaiting a formal concession which will be sent from France by the directors general of the Royal company of the Indies.


At Fort Chartres, this 22d of June, 1722.


Signed, BOISBRIANT, DES URSINS.


This grant was recognized by the French government in August 1743, acting through Mons. Vaudrieul, then governor, and Jalmon, commissary, of the province of Louisiana. Upon this grant the missionaries established their church and village, granting in their turn portions of this large tract of land to settlers. From 1763 to 1778 the territory was under the control of England, then it was occupied by the State of Virginia, which, in its turn ceded the territory to the United States by deed, March 1st, 1784. Neither England nor Virginia interfered with those French grants made to individuals. An act of Congress October 20, 1783, provides for the confirming of all these grants, and instructs the governor of the Western Territory to proceed to the French settlements on the Mississippi to examine the titles of those settlers. Thus originated a class of titles, known as Governor's confirmations. The laws of Virginia granted so-called improvement rights, of 400 acres each, to actual settlers. The Cahokia head of family rights also of 400 acres each, were granted by Congress to every head of family hav- ing resided at Cahokia in the year 1783.


We find in the records of the county a power of attorney given by the inhabitants of the French settlements on the Wabash, to Bartholomew Tardiveau, then judge of the common pleas court at Cahokia, to act as their agent at Congress for the purpose to de- mand and obtain for them the confirmation of their ancient rights and further grants.


The power of attorney is dated October 7, 1787, signed by 51 inhabitants and the following magistrates : Pierre Gamelin, M. Perrot, G. Gibault, pretre; P. Guerre, Paul Gamelin, Jean Tonga, Joseph St. Marie, Antoine Doriette, J. E. Deline, Michel Broulut, Jean Hunot and J. M. P. Legras, first magistrate.


ANTOINE GAMELIN, Notary and Register.


Tardiveau must have been successful. He remained at the seat of government several years, as appears from the records of that period. Congress, on the 3d of March, 1791, made provision for further land grants to settlers at Vincennes and in the Illinois country.


Another land title originated from the so-called militia rights, of 100 acres each, for services rendered as militia men prior to 1790, of which rights not less than 255 were claimed before the clerk of the county in November, 1798.


The records of the county show, that besides those 225 militia rights, there were claimants for 43 Virginia improvement and for about 160 Cahokia head rights, governor's confirmations and Caho- kia court rights. Some individuals were entitled to head and militia rights at the same time, so that there were no more than about 400 individual grantees within the present limits of the county.


These numerous grants, however, did not benefit the many ; they became the source of wealth to a few, who had the means to buy the claims and the foresight to appreciate their value.


The archives of the court-house at Belleville, contain a memoran-


75


HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, ILLINOIS.


dum book, in the handwriting of a most accurate clerk-John Hay, which gives an almost complete account of those grants, by whom originally owned and to whom subsequently conveyed. The chapter, on " Pioneers and Early Settlers," recites the names of parties who were entitled to head rights, improvement rights, etc., each of 400 acres of first quality land, and the chapter on "Patriotism," gives the muster roll of our militia men, to whom the militia rights, each 100 acres of second quality land, were granted. Mr. John Hay's little memorandum book, commenced November 5th, and closed Novem- ber 30, 1798, gives the names of the few parties, who kept their claims, and also the names of those, who had purchased the rights of others. The lands, which had been granted to about four hun- dred individuals, had passed in less than seven years into the liands of 89 persons, whose names will here appear, as also the quality of lands claimed by them and upon what grounds, on the following :


TABLE.


Claimants and kinds of grants claimed.


NAME.


Cahokia head of family


Governor's Confirmat'ns.


Virginia Improvement


Militia Rights.


Totals.


No. Acres.


Acres.


Acres.


Acres.


Shadrach Bond, Sr


590


400


200


1190


James Garrison, Sr.'s heirs ..


400


400


800


George Atchison.


1200


900


2100


Benjamin Byram's heirs.


400


400


Daniel McCann.


700


700


Henry Cook


100


100


Ettienne Pensoneau .


120


400


100


500


James Moore's heirs ..


800


800


Joseph Harris.


100


100


David Waddle


200


100


300


Alexander Waddle ..


Peter Carterline.


333


333


Joseplı Ogle.


400


400


William Whiteside ..


300


300


Abram Reine's heirs


400


400


Daniel Tolley


400


400


Layton White


400


100


500


James Garrison, Jr.


200


200


Jacob Judy


200


200


Samuel Judy ..


200


200


John Dumoulin


1826


1826


George Lanceford.


200


100


300


William St. Clair.


400


600


1000


Josiah Bleakly ..


400


1200


1000


Leonhard Harnish


772


100


872


John Hay.


400


400


John Cleves Syinmes.


800


400


1200


William Biggs.


100


800


200


1100


Henry O'Hara.


1200


200


1400


Solomon Shook.


400


400


George Valentine ..


400


400


George Hendricks


400


100


500


Nic. Smith's heirs


400


400


Thomas Borer


300


100


400


Benjamin Ogle ..


400


200


200


Jean Francois Perry


1020


500


1520


Isaac West ..


400


400


Christoph Smith's heirs.


200


200


William Scott.


400


400


800


Jolin Short.


200


200


200


200


Shadrach Bond, Jr


100


100


William Turnbull


900


900


Michael L' Onval ..


100


400


400


Jean B. Chartrand


200


200


Pierre Menard


8200


2100


10300


Thomas Mars. .....


100


100


James Garretson


100


100


James Piggott


520


400


200


1120


Levi Piggott


400


100


500


Pierre Zipp, heirs ....


400


400


800


William Arundel


100


100


200


William Atchison


400


400


William Morrison


John Lyle


100


100


Jacob Groots' heirs ......


400


100


500


Joseph Trotier ..


160


160


Nic. Jarrot .....


1198


100


1298


John Rrice Jones


2240


100


. 340


W. McIntosh


3100


700


3800


Enoch Nox. ..


270


270


Leonard Carr


400


400 39700


John Sullivan


400


400


Benjamin Rodgers.


400


100


500


Abner Stallion


400


500


200


700


Larken Rutherford.


400


400


800


Thomas Bradley ..


400


John Capps.


400


100


100


Abraham Eyman


100


100


Joseph Fouchette


160


160


George Demint


100


100


200


Moses Short


200


200


400


John Wheldon


100


100


John Dimpsey


100


300


400


John Murdock


100


400


500


John Porter,


100


100


Daniel Sink


200


200


Totals


57909


13200


25500


96609


A glance at this list of names will show to the reader which nationality had the means to purchase and the foresight to appreciate the values alluded to above. Fully four-fifths of the original grantees were French. Of their three hundred names we find twelve on our list.


It may also be stated here, that ten out of those eighty-nine claimant signed their names by a mark.


LANDS.


The first sale of farm land within the present limits of St. Clair county, made a matter of record, took place on the 5th of February, 1793. Previous transactions have reference to buying and selling of homesteads and dwelling-houses in the villages, and the prices paid are regulated by the value of those houses and improvements. As an illustration of this it may suffice to state that Thomas Brady and Marie Joseph L'Archeveque sold a house and lot in Cahokia, on the 16th of March, 1793, for $25.00, while the house of Joseph Marie sold to Nic. Jarrot on the 30th of March, brought $200.


In the first of the above-mentioned transactions, Joseph Lambert conveyed a 400 acre tract near Sugar-loaf mound, three miles south- west of Cahokia, to Philip Engel for $120. Engel sold this tract, to Nicolas Jarrot on the 12th of March, 1795, for $200. Is is now subdivided into 7 tracts, containing from 8 acres to 131} each, owned by Aggie Lunceford, Anthony Volk, Johanna Miller, Philip Ens- minger, Sebastian Maurer, Frank Horine and Jacob Jung, and is estimated to be worth at least $22,000.


The transactions in farm lands were by no means numerous. Lands could be had for the asking of them, as more fully appears from the remarks herein made about land-grants, head-rights, dona- tions, improvement-rights and militia rights.


March 10th, 1796, Isaac West sells to William Arundel a tract of 400 acres of land, 7 miles south of Cahokia for $125.00.


100


Tobias Brchere


....


James Henderson.


400


400


·


rights.


Canok a Court deeds.


Rights.


-


100


100


John Edgar.


28800


400


10500


400


James Lemen


400 400


Anthony Badgley.


Samuel Kinney.


200


200


120


John Moore


1


100


100


400


James Cramour.


Andrew Kinney ..


The first recorded sale of a militia right 100 acre claim of second quality land took place on the 7th of January, 1796, sold by Joseph Chennie of Cahokia, to William Arundel for $17.00. John Brady sells his militia right for $16.00. Joseph La Plant for $15 50, Au- gustin Clermont for $12.00, from which it would appear that second quality lands, unimproved, were worth about 15 cents per acre at the close of the last century.


76


HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, ILLINOIS.


The so-called head-rights, or family rights, containing 400 acres each, do not show this uniformity in price.


The two mentioned above, and another one sold by M. Lambert for $170 seem to have brought the best prices. Thomas Brady sells his head-right to W. Arundel in 1794 for $45.00, and William St. Clair bought the head-rights from Joseph Boisvenne and Mary Mooney for $20 each. These are the only original claims conveyed by formal deeds, and they seem to have had at the time mentioned an average value of 20 cents per acre.


The organization of Randolph county in 1795, of Madison, Galla- tin, and Johnson, in 1812, and of Monroe in 1816, reduced the county of St. Clair to its present boundaries, containing six hundred and sixty-five square miles, bounded on the north by Madison, on the east by Clinton and Washington, on the south by Randolph and Monroe, and on the west by the Mississippi river.


The earliest subdivisions of the county have not been made a matter of record.


At the close of the century in 1798, six townships are mentioned, viz. : Cahokia, Turkey Hill, Clinton Hill, l'Aigle, Fountain and Goshen.


In 1816, however, by order of the county court, May 16, the fol- lowing nine townships were established.


CAHOKIA.


Beginning at the bluff on the Madison county line, thence west on the said line to the Mississippi, thence southwardly with said river to the boundary line of Monroe county, thence east to the bluff, thence north ward with the bluffs to the place of beginning.


OGLE TOWNSHIP.


Beginning on the bluff on the Madison line, thence east on said line to Silver creek, thence down Silver creek to the mouth of Hays' ereek, thence in a direct line to Jacob Ogle Esquire. so as to include Ogle in said township, thence in a direct line to Hendricks, so as to include Hendrick in said township.


TURKEY HILL TOWNSHIP.


Beginning at the mouth of Hazel creek, thence down Silver creek to William Rittenhouse, thence in a direct line to Turkey Hill near William Scott, Sr., thence with the Meridian line to Jacob Ogle, Esquire.


CLINTON HILL TOWNSHIP.


Beginning at Turkey Hill, thence west to the bluffs, thence up the bluffs to Ogle township.


SPRING TOWNSHIP.


Beginning at the Bluff, thence with the bluff to Monroe line, thence with said line to the waters of Prairie du Long, thence down Prairie du Long to the mouth of Richland creek, thence up the Richland to the Base line, thence with the Base line to the be- ginning.


SCOTT TOWNSHIP.


Beginning at W. Rittenhouse on Silver creek to the mouth of said creek and down Kaskaskia river to Randolph line, thence with said line to Spring township line, thence with said line to the mouth of Richland creek, thence up Richland creek to the base line, thence with the base line to Turkey Hill, thence with the Turkey Hill township line to the beginning.


CHAMBER TOWNSHIP.


Beginning at Madison line on Silver creek thence with said line to Looking-Glass Prairie, thence down said Prairie with the road


leading from Fort Chamber to Sugar creek, thence with said road to Ead's old mill on Silver creek.


SILVER CREEK TOWNSHIP.


Beginning at Ead's old mill on Silver creek, thence down Silver creek to the mouth and down Kaskaskia river to the county line so as to include all the inhabitants east of the Kaskaskia river within the line of the county, following said line to the south-east corner of Chamber township to the place of beginning.


SUGAR CREEK TOWNSHIP.


Beginning at the settlement on Sugar creek and all eastwardly below the Madison line.


After the organization of the State of Illinois, another subdivision of the county into political townships was had on the 20th of June, 1820, with the following result :- Cahokia, Illinois, Ogle, Belleville, Spring, Turkey Hill, Scott, Manville, Silver Creek and Chamber townships.


At a later period these political townships became election pre- cincts. The reader will find a full description of these townships, or election precincts, under the heading "Elections," in this chapter.


COUNTY OFFICERS.


Administration of the Affairs of the County.


The civil government of the county since its organization, April 14, 1790, was entrusted to Jean Baptiste Barbeau, John Dumoulin, James Piggott, Shadrach Bond, Philip Engel, Jean Baptiste Sau- cier and George Atchison, Esquires and Justices, and as such, members of the court of common pleas. On the 28th of September, 1795, Governor Arthur St. Clair appointed William St. Clair in the place of Jean Baptiste Barbeau. William St. Clair officiated also as probate judge, and Dumoulin usually presided at the sittings of those justices, until 1802, when his name ceases to ap- pear. Dumoulin died in 1805.




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