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PUBLIC LIBRARY FORT WAYNE & ALLEN CO., IND
GEN
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
m 3 1833 00099 3243
Gc 973.74 IN2AV INDIANA. VICKSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. INDIANA AT VICKSBURG
--
A Lincoln
"The Father of Waters again goes unvexed to the sea."
INDIANA AT VICKSBURG
Published pursuant to an act of the SIXTY-SIXTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY Approved March 5, 1909.
By the INDIANA-VICKSBURG MILITARY PARK COMMISSION
Compiled by HENRY C. ADAMS, Jr. INDIANAPOLIS
1910
INDIANAPOLIS : WM. B. BURFORD, CONTRACTOR FOR STATE PRINTING AND BINDING
1911
Allen County Public Library 900 Webster Street 1 PO Box 2270 Fort Wayne, IN 46801-2270
35919
Governor Thomas R. Marshall, Indiana.
Letter of Transmittal.
To HON. THOMAS R. MARSHALL, Governor of the State of Indiana :
SIR-The undersigned members of the Indiana-Vicksburg Mili- tary Park Commission, appointed under authority of an act ap- proved March 2, 1907, herewith submit to you this report, showing in detail the work accomplished by said Commission in the erection of monuments commemorating the services of Indiana troops which participated in the campaign and siege of Vicksburg, March 29 to July 4, 1863.
This report is published as provided for in an act approved March 5, 1909.
Respectfully submitted,
HENRY C. ADAMS, 26th Ind. Inf., President.
GEORGE F. MCGINNIS, Brigadier General. JOHN W. SALE, 67th Ind. Inf .. Treasurer.
LEWIS C. MOORE, 93d Ind. Inf.
MABERRY M. LACEY, 69th Ind. Inf., Secretary.
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Contents.
PAGE
Letter of Transmittal to Governor Marshall
Introductory
11
Memorial, George F. McGinnis
12
Memorial, Henry C. Adams
13
Vicksburg National Military Park
15
Vicksburg National Cemetery
23
Indiana Circle 27
History of the Campaign and Siege.
29
General Summary of Casualties, March 29-July 4 40
Position Tablet Inscriptions. 41
Park Inscriptions 63
Summary of Union Commands 13S
Summary of Confederate Commands 139
Report of General U. S. Grant. 143
The Indiana Soldier at Vicksburg
173
Regimental Histories 197
Casualties of Indiana Commands at Vicksburg 105
Report of the Commission 406
Dedication Ceremonies 433
Appropriation Act 467
Acknowledgement 469
List of Illustrations 470
Index 472
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HENRY
C. ADAMS. INDIANAPOLIS.
MABERR
ACEY.
M L FOUNTAIN CITY, IND.
BRIG.GEN
GINNIS,
G E F. INDIANAPOLIS.
LEWIS
C. MOORE, COLUMBUS, IND.
JOHN W .
SALE, FT.WAYNE,IND.
Indiana-Vicksburg Military Park Commission.
Introductory.
To our comrades, fallen and surviving, who served at Vicksburg in '63 this volume is affectionately dedicated. As servants of our State and representatives of the soldiery involved, we have en- deavored to fittingly perpetuate in granite and bronze the memory of your services in the trenches and on the line of battle during that long struggle with a worthy foe.
The monuments herein described have been located at advan- tageons points along the avenues of the beautiful national park, and fifty-three markers placed at the camp sites, on the sharpshoot- ers' line, and at positions of farthest advance occupied by the vari- ous commands during the assaults of May 19 and 22, 1863. The positions were in most cases determined by members of the varions commands who accompanied the Commission on the visit to the park for that purpose, and have been anthenticated by record.
Each monument bears upon its face a bronze tablet showing the designation of the regiment, its commanding officers, the events engaged in and the casualties suffered. Unfortunately, in some instances there is no report of the latter.
It was desired that the history of each command in this volume should have been written by a member of the organization itself. and in many cases this was done. When a member willing to undertake this work could not be found the history was compiled from the reports of Adjutant General Terrell. To those who wrote the histories the Commission is grateful. The casualties during service have been compiled from Dyer's Compendium.
Comrades, we should be grateful to our State; to the Legisla- tures of 1903, 1907 and 1909: and to Governor W. T. Durbin. Gov- ernor J. Frank Hanly, and Governor Thomas R. Marshall for their kindness and interest in this memorial, which is so dear to the heart of every man who stood before the besieged city of Vicksburg in 1863.
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In Memoriam.
General George F. McGinnis died at his home at Indianapolis, Indiana, May 29, 1910.
He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, March 12, 1826. His youth was spent in Hampden, Maine, and Chillicothe, Ohio. He resided at the latter place at the time of the breaking out of the Mexican War.
At the age of twenty years he enlisted in Company A, Second Ohio Volunteers, for service in Mexico, and received a commission as first lieutenant. In 1847. his term of enlistment expiring, he returned to his home. He was commissioned captain of Company K, Fifth Ohio Volunteers, and returned to Mexico. He was not yet of age, reaching his majority south of the Rio Grande.
At the termination of the Mexican War he returned to Chilli- cothe and in February, 1850, removed to Indianapolis, residing in that city when the War of the Rebellion was declared. When President Lincoln issued the first call for troops he was one of the first to respond. enlisting as a private in the Eleventh Indiana Volunteers, Lew Wallace, colonel. He was made captain of Com- pany K April 16, 1861 ; lieutenant colonel. April 25, 1861. and was mustered out August 4, 1861, the Eleventh being for three months' service. The regiment immediately re-enlisted for three years, and he became lieutenant colonel. He was promoted to colonel Septem- ber 3, 1861, and was appointed brigadier general May 2, 1863.
Commanding the First Brigade, Twelfth Division, Thirteenth Corps, Army of the Tennessee, he took an active part in the cam- paign and siege of Vicksburg, participating in the battles of Port Gibson and Champion's Hill, his brigade suffering heavy losses.
He was mustered out at the close of the war and returned to Indianapolis, which city he made his home until he died.
He was a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, the Mexican War Veterans' Association, George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., the Society of the Army of the Tennessee, and was Vice-Presi- dent of the Indiana-Vicksburg Military Park Commission.
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In Memoriam.
Henry C. Adams died at his home at Indianapolis, November 14, 1910.
He was born in Marion County, near Indianapolis, April 8, 1844. His boyhood was passed in Indianapolis, and when the Civil War broke out he endeavored to enlist. He finally gained admis- sion to the Twenty-sixth Indiana Volunteers, being at the time a few months past seventeen years, and on August 20, 1861, was mus- tered in as a musician in Company I, of that regiment.
He soon gained a position in the ranks as a private soldier, and was appointed corporal, sergeant and first sergeant. He was com- missioned second lieutenant and mustered as such January 9, 1865. During the summer of 1865 he served as aide-de-camp on the staff of General M. F. Force, at Jackson. Mississippi. He was appointed first lieutenant on January 3. 1866, but was never mustered on this commission.
His military service was almost wholly in the South and South- west : in 1861, in the Fremont campaign against Price; in 1862, in Missouri and Arkansas, under General Schofield; and under Gen- eral Herron in the battles of Prairie Grove and Van Buren, Arkan- sas. He was in Herron's Division of the Army of the Frontier at the siege of Vicksburg, and in 1864 participated in the campaign and siege of Spanish Fort, Fort Blakely and Mobile, Alabama.
He was mustered out of the service January 25, 1866.
He was a member of George H. Thomas Post. G. A. R., the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, serving as Commander of the Indiana Commandery in 1909; the Society of the Army of the Tennessee, and President of the Indiana-Vicksburg Military Park Commissions of 1903 and 1907.
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A Landscape in the Park- Showing the Illinois State Memorial and Shirley House.
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The Vicksburg National Military Park.
The Act of Congress authorizing the establishment of the Vicks- burg National Military Park was signed by President Mckinley February 21, 1899. In conformity with its provisions, on March 1st of that year the Secretary of War appointed Lieut. Gen. Ste- phen D. Lee, C. S. Army ; Capt. William T. Rigby, veteran of the 24th Iowa Infantry, and Capt. James G. Everest, veteran of the 13th Illinois Infantry, commissioners, for inaugurating and carry- ing on the work under his direction. Past Commander-in-Chief G. A. R. John S. Kountz was elected secretary and historian by the Commission, and the choice was approved by the Secretary of War. General Lee died May 28, 1908, and Capt. Lewis Guion, veteran of the 26th Louisiana Infantry, was appointed to succeed him. Sec- retary and Historian Kountz died June 14, 1909.
The park commemorates the campaign, siege and defense of Vicksburg, beginning March 29th and ending July 4, 1863. It con- tains 1,288 acres, and practically includes the fighting ground of the siege and defense operations, from May 18th to July 4th. These consisted of two assaults by the Union army, on May 19th and 22d : the siege operations of that army from May 23d to July 4th, and the heroic defense of the Confederate army under General Pemberton. The service of the Confederate army assembled after May 14th. with headquarters at Jackson, Mississippi, under General JJohnston. and the service of the part of the Union army opposed to Johnston during the latter part of the siege, are included in the park work. These outside operations and the five battles preceding the invest- ment of Vicksburg are described by historical tablet inscriptions. The siege and defense operations are commemorated in the same way, and also by position tablets and markers established in the exact places where the operations were carried on. The nature of the operations commemorated and marked in this way give a dis- tinctive character to the Vicksburg Park. The main part of the battlefield is bounded on the inside by Confederate avenue. closely following the line of defense, and on the outside by Union avenue. closely following the first parallel (trench) of the Union army. The park picture, therefore, has definite and exact boundaries. 1.s
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INDIANA AT VICKSBURG.
the approaches, the second and the third parallels of the Union army were made from its first trench, none of the details of the picture are mixed or confusing. The student easily follows them from point to point with absorbing interest. The deployment of the two opposed armies is plainly marked on the respective avenues by tablets and monuments. The Confederate line of defense is plainly shown by 150 markers; the Union trenches and approaches are traced through their respective lines by 363 markers. There- fore, a drive in the park of a few hours gives a good idea of the nature and extent of the operations, the way in which they were pushed forward and opposed, and the names of the commands en- gaged on each side.
The aggregate length of the park roadway is thirty miles, and includes the two principal avenues (Union and Confederate). eleven secondary avenues (Grant, Sherman, Pemberton, Conneet- ing, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin), thirty short eireles (Johnston, Logan, Maloney, Pem- berton, Sherman, Navy, Observation, Tilghman, Memorial, Ala- bama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Illinois Memorial, Indi- ana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Ten- nessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin). and sections of the publie roads of this county. Five secondary avenues (Grant, Sherman, Kentucky, Louisiana, Pennsylvania) and the short eircles give indi- viduality and increased appropriateness to the respective sites for memorials, monuments, statues and towers, that have been or will be, placed in the park. Sixteen bridges have been built, twelve on Union avenue, three on Confederate avenue, one at Battery Ma- loney ; six steel and ten reinforced concrete.
There are 896 tablets of all kinds in the park, all by the United States; 568 Union, 328 Confederate; 30 bronze, 866 iron; 162 his- torical, 197 battery, 227 Union trench markers, 150 Confederate treneh markers, 136 Union approach markers, 19 headquarters, 5 mortuary. The avenues, eireles and sections of public roads are marked by 120 guideboards. The Commission has mounted 127 guns at the old battery sites, like the ones used at each during the siege and defense; 65 Union, 62 Confederate, 114 field, 13 siege.
Congress has appropriated $1,175,000 for the park. including $150,000 for the construction of a memorial at the Battery Self- ridge, commemorative of the service of the Union navy, at a cost not to exceed $200,000. The work has been contracted for and its total
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VICKSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK.
cost will be less than $150,000. Fourteen States have appropriated for the park as follows: Alabama, $25,000; Illinois, $260,000; In- diana, $38,000: Iowa, $150,000; Massachusetts, $5,000; Michigan. $20,000; Minnesota, $25,500; Mississippi, $50,000; New Hampshire. $5,000; New York. $12,500; Ohio, $56,000; Pennsylvania, $15,000; Rhode Island, $5,000; Wisconsin, $130.000; total, $797,000. These appropriations provide for twelve state memorials, 159 regimental
CALMEHELL SIECE AND DEFENSE OF VICKSBURG, IBES. OFEMATIONS OF THE UNION NAVY. MARCH 2E - JULY 4.
LATIMES ANY UN TRENCHMEATS SER 27 |MORTARS CON HURTAR BOATS AANCHORED BEHIND THE PENINSULA CARROSITE THE CITY
AND COULDNERS LAHING IS RUYA GUNS FROM THE SQUADRON
DELLACHNEME FROM THE MARINE BRIGADE WERE CEROAGED
AIDE, THE ODER ONNISICKE OF GENERAL GRANTE ARMY WERE
ASTHE BESTKUS AF THE WAVESLELT THE GUNBOATS
DURING THE LATTER GART OF ILL SIEGL. REPORTED CASUAL TTLES IK THE SQUADRON -INCLUDING THE INFANTRY REGIMENTS DESTALLED FOR SERVICE OK GUNBOATS-IN THE CANETON AND SIEGE KILLED ZE, PROUNE! 14, WOUNDED LOL. MISSING TOVAL 140.1 OFFICER ALLEEL
Union Navy Tablet-Illustrative of the 896 Tablets Placed in the Park by the United States.
and battery monuments (for 198 organizations) and about 274 markers. Additional to these, Louisiana has given the park twelve monuments (for twenty-seven organizations), costing $1,801.80: Missouri, three monuments (two Union each for one organization. one Confederate for fifteen organizations) and three markers (two Union, one Confederate), costing $1,230.70; Tennessee, one monu- ment for six organizations, costing $171 ; and Virginia, one monu- ment for the Botetourt Artillery Company, costing $690; total.
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INDIANA AT VICKSBURG.
$3,893.50. In most cases these gifts were made in anticipation of and to encourage liberal appropriations by the respective legisla- tures for state memorials in the Vicksburg Park; in the case of
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Park Observation Tower, Three of which have been Erected at a cost of $30,000.
Louisiana, by parish police jury, city of New Orleans and individ- ual contributions ; in all other cases, solely by individual contribu- tions. There are 444 memorials, monuments and markers in the park or under construction, by States and as gifts; 404 Union, 40
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VICKSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK.
Confederate. About 100 more can be reasonably expected, from the other States that had organizations (number stated in each case) engaged in the operations commemorated by the park, namely : Arkansas, 15; Florida, 3; Georgia, 21; Kansas, 1; Ken- tucky, 12; Louisiana, 41; Missouri, 42; Maryland, 1; North Caro- lina, 3; South Carolina, 12; Tennessee, 29; Texas, 15; West Vir- ginia, 1. Kentucky and Missouri had troops engaged in both armies ; each, doubtless, will give the park a fine joint memorial, Union-Confederate.
Two portrait bronze statues are in place, both Confederate: Lieut. Gen. Stephen D. Lee, full length figure, given by his son and friends in twenty-seven States, and Brig. Gen. Isham W. Garrott. bust, given by his sons, S. B. and John F. Five more are assured for the park (Union: Col. William F. Vilas, full length figure, given by Mrs. William F. Vilas and their daughter, Mrs. Mary Vilas Hanks ; Capt. Andrew Hickenlooper, full length figure, given by his family. Confederate: Brig. Gen. Lloyd Tilghman, eques- trian, given by his sons, Sidell and Frederick B .; Lieut. Gen. John C. Pemberton, equestrian, given by his son, Frank R .; Col. James H. Jones, bust, given by his family and friends). Eight portrait tablets are assured (Union : Col. Joseph J. Woods, given by his family ; Col. James R. Slack, given by Sculptor Adolph A. Wein- man. Confederate, given by Louisiana parish police juries; Gens. Louis Hebert and Francis A. Shoup; Cols. Edward Higgins, Leon D. Marks, Robert Richardson and Allen Thomas).
Portrait statues or tablets of Indiana field offieers are desired as follows :
Of division commanders, Brig. Gen. A. P. Hovey, Brig. Gen. N. Kimball, Brig. Gen. J. C. Sullivan (3) ; of brigade commanders. Brig. Gen. G. F. McGinnis, Brig. Gen. W. P. Benton, Col. II. D. Washburn, Col. D. Shunk, Col. J. R. Slack (portrait tablet se- eured), Col. J. Keigwin, Col. W. T. Spicely, Col. J. I. Alexander (8) ; of field officers, Lieut. Col. W. Swaim, 24th, mortally wounded May 16th ; Maj. J. C. Jenks, 18th, mortally wounded May 22d ; Maj. J. H. Finley, 69th, mortally wounded May 22d (3) ; total for Indi- ana, 14.
It is reasonable to expect, in the near future, and as gifts by relatives and friends. statues of Generals Grant, Logan, Osterhaus. Buckland (Union) and Forney (Confederate). The Commission is in correspondence with the friends of many other officers, Union and Confederate, engaged in the operations commemorated by the
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INDIANA AT VICKSBURG.
park, and is very hopeful of favorable responses in some cases. It is expected that the Minnesota legislature will appropriate for a statue of General Baldwin: the Nebraska legislature for a statue of General Thayer; the New York legislature for a statue of General Potter; the Pennsylvania legislature for a statue of General Parks, and that other state legislatures will make like appropriations. The attention of wealthy Americans is being invited to the ereditable opportunity offered by this feature of the park work for patriotie donations.
Bridge on Union Avenue.
In these several ways the Commission hopes to secure the statue (equestrian. standing or bust), or the portrait tablet, of each gen- eral officer, Union and Confederate, engaged in this campaign, siege and defense of Vicksburg in 1863. Each will be placed at an ap- propriate site in relation to the line of the command during the siege and defense. of the officer it portrays. When these hopes have been realized, even partially. the park will present a most attractive, inspiring and realistic battlefield picture.
When the Union Navy Memorial is finished, with the approval of the Secretary of War, the Commission will ask the Congress to
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VICKSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK.
appropriate for the construction of a memorial on the area in the park bounded by the Louisiana circle and the Warrenton road, commemorative of the service of the Confederate Navy on the Mis- sissippi River and its tributaries during the Civil War, at a cost not to exceed $125,000.
WILLIAM T. RIGBY, Chairman.
Vicksburg, Mississippi, June 1, 1910.
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Main Entrance-National Military Cemetery.
A Driveway in the Cemetery.
The National Cemetery.
The National Cemetery at Vicksburg, fronting the river and blending into the northern end of the Military Park, although not of it, was established in 1865. Its originally beautiful site having thus had the benefit of time in which to be developed and appropri- ately softened and beantified in harmony with its sacred purpose, it stands today one of the most parklike and pleasingly impressive of all the national cemeteries. With the possible exception of Arling- ton Heights, none can compare with it in beauty. It is certainly one of the most magnificent cemeteries ever devoted to the inter- ment of the dead soldiers of any nation, and it is also (except Arlington) the largest of the eighty-two established and maintained by the general government in honor of its valorous defenders. It contains the graves of 16,822 Union soldiers who lost their lives in and around Vicksburg during the Civil War, of which appalling
A Bit of Scenery in the Cemetery.
number 12.719 are "unknown." The cemetery is a masterpiece of landscape engineering, with delightful walks and drives, with ra- vines, terraces and plateaus, and with long avenues of trees, mostly Spanish oaks, supplemented with tropical plants and picturesque parterres of flowers. The grounds occupy what was once the sides and crest of a forbidding bluff overlooking the river, but which is now a most charming series of terraces, encircling a beautiful plateau from which is had a magnificent view, grand in extent and variety, including the serpentine course of the glittering river. its opposite shore fringed with verdant forest.
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Peace.
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Indiana Circle.
The knoll in the background has been selected as the site of the proposed State Memorial.
Indiana Circle.
On the opposite page is pictured Indiana Circle, the spot selected by the Vicksburg National Military Park Commission as the site for the proposed Indiana State Memorial. This location is a com- manding one in the park, and is in the very heart of a colony of Indiana monuments. From its elevation can be seen many of the interesting views of the park, and a beautiful panorama is observed.
It is within easy distance of the old camp sites of the following Indiana commands : 8th, 11th, 16th, 18th, 24th, 34th, 46th, 47th, 49th, 54th. 59th, 60th, 67th and 69th Infantry, 1st Battery and 1st and 4th Cavalry ; Hovey's, Keigwin's, Slack's, McGinnis's and Ben- ton's headquarters are nearby.
Surmounted by a beautiful memorial, as some day it must be, and surrounded by reminders of the men from Indiana who went into the South and clamored for entrance to Vicksburg during those weary months, it surely would be a place for a Hoosier to love and revere.
Canton
Vernon
River
Yazoo
Haines Bluff
Brownsville
Big Black
&Bridgeport
Clinton
MMCKSBURG
3
Edward's's Station
Bolton
JACKSON
/MINI
Raymond
Warrenton
5
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New Carthageo
Hankinson's Ferry
Auburn
Útica
Hard Timeso
Grand Gulf
Willow Spring Bayou Pierre
Bruinsburgo
Port Gibson
To Benton -
River
Milliken's Bend
Stecle's Bayou
Youngs Point
Champion's Hll
Map Illustrating Movements Leading Up to the Investment of Vicksburg.
Historic Vicksburg.
THE STORY OF THE CAMPAIGN, SIEGE AND DEFENSE OF VICKS- BURG AND OF THE COMMANDS, UNION AND CONFED- ERATE, ENGAGED THEREIN.
Compiled from the Tablet Inscriptions in the Vicksburg National Military Park.
The Vicksburg campaign opened March 29, 1863, with General Grant's order for the advance of General Osterhaus' Division from Milliken's Bend, and closed July 4, 1863, with the surrender of General Pemberton's army and the city of Vicksburg. Its course was determined by General Grant's daring and to General Pem- berton and his division commanders' seemingly impossible plan of campaign. This plan contemplated the march of his army from Milliken's Bend, Louisiana, to a point on the river below Vicks- burg, and the running of the batteries at Vicksburg hy a sufficient number of gunboats and transports, and the transfer of the army to the Mississippi side. These preliminary operations were suc- cessfully accomplished and the first battle of the campaign was fought near Port Gibson, May 1. The Union army, under com- mand of Maj. Gen. U. S. Grant, was composed of the Thirteenth Corps and Logan's division of the Seventeenth Corps. The Con- federate army, under command of Brig. Gen. John S. Bowen, was composed of Tracy's, Cockrell's, Green's and Baldwin's brigades. the Sixth Missouri Infantry, the Botetourt ( Virginia) Artillery and a section of Hudson's (Mississippi) Battery. Most of the Confederate regiments made forced marches to reach the battle- field and arrived with thinned ranks. Tracy's brigade held the right, Green's and the Sixth Mississippi the left of the Confed- erate line. The battle was opened at an early hour by the advance of Carr's and Hovey's divisions on the right and Osterhaus' on the left of the Union line, Smith's division in reserve. The Confeder- ate left was driven back about 10:00 a. m., and Baldwin's brigade. just arrived, formed a new line about one and one-half miles in the rear of the first position. Two regiments, just arrived, of Cock- rell's brigade. were posted on the new line: Green's brigade and one regiment, just arrived, of Cockrell's brigade, were ordered to the Confederate right, which had retired a little from its first posi-
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INDIANA AT VICKSBURG.
tion. The First Brigade of Logan's division was sent, on arrival, to the Union left, the Third reinforced the Union right and Smith's division became engaged; the Second Brigade of Logan's division did not arrive until near the close of the battle. The Confederate line was held until about 5:30 p. m., when both wings were driven from their positions and fell back across Bayou Pierre, the First and Fourth Missouri Infantry (consolidated) of Cockrell's brigade arriving in time to assist in covering the retreat. Casualtes- - Union : Killed 131, wounded 719, missing 25, total 875, one officer killed. Confederate: Killed 56, wounded 328, missing 341, total 725, Brig. Gen. E. D. Tracy and three other officers killed.
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