USA > Indiana > Centennial history and handbook of Indiana : the story of the state from its beginning to the close of the civil war, and a general survey of progress to the present time > Part 44
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The Area actually within the city is over thirty square miles. The original plat was one
First Odd Fellows Hall, Indianapolis, 1854.
mile square, and for many years after the first laying off of the town it kept within those bounds.
The Population has grown in a wonderful manner during the last twenty years. In 1870 the population was 48,244; in 1880 it had grown to
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75,056. In 1890 it showed another great advance, the returns showing 105,436, and, according to the United States Census for 1900, the actual population was 170,963, including Irvington, a suburb, which had since been added to the city. According to United States Census the popula- tion in 1910 was 233,650: the estimated popula- tion for 1915 is 282,877, showing a gain of 77,622 over estimated population of 1914. Nearly every nationality on the globe is represented in this population. Of the foreign-born the Germans predominate, closely followed by the Irish.
The State-House is the largest and most im- posing structure in the city. It is built of Indiana oolitic limestone, the interior being finished in marble. It was begun in 1878 and completed in 1888, at a cost of nearly $2,000,000, and is the only great public building in the country built within the original estimate of cost. It is located in the heart of the business section of the city, in the center of a plot of ground containing over eight acres. Here are the offices of the Gov- ernor of Indiana, Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor, Attorney-General, reporter of the Su- preme Court, Bureau of Statistics, department of geology, Adjutant-General, Quartermaster-Gen- eral, custodian and engineer, department of in- spection, State Labor Commission, Superintend- ent of Public Instruction, State Library, State Law Library, State Museum, State Board of Health and Charities, State Board of Agricul- ture, Board of Medical Examination, and the Supreme and Appellate Courts of the State, and the offices of all of the various departments and commissions.
The City Building, one of the most attractive public buildings in the city, was erected in 1897. It is a handsome edifice, three stories in height and built of Indiana oolitic limestone. Here are located the city clerk's office, superintendent of police, city police court, Bertillon department, de- tective department, bicycle corps, bailiff of police court, juvenile court, police patrol, council cham- ber, station house, morgue and city dispensary.
The City Hall Building .- The ground was purchased at the northwest corner of Alabama and Ohio streets October 30, 1907, on which to erect the City Hall building at a cost of $115,000. Builling operations were begun in 1909, and on July 27, 1909, the corner-stone was laid. Before the construction of this building the city offices
were in rented quarters in different portions of the city. For many years the city rented rooms for the different offices in the Marion county court-house. The building cost about $700,000, and is one of the most imposing structures in the city and one of the most important works of the administration of Mayor Charles A. Bookwalter.
Tomlinson Hall .- Among the generous citi- zens of Indianapolis some years ago was Mr. Daniel Tomlinson. After his death, on opening his will, it was found that he had devised a large amount of real estate and other property to the city for the erection of a public building, provid- ing in his will that the building should be erected' on the west end of what is known as East Mar- ket square. The devise was accepted by the city and the bequest taken possession of. Nothing! was done, however, toward carrying out the wishes of the testator for several years. Some' attempts were then made to use the money as in- tended by Mr. Tomlinson, but at every effort hostility was aroused, until at last the matter was made an issue at a city election. The council then took steps and the present Tomlinson Hall was built in 1885.
Marion County Court-House is one of the largest and most imposing buildings in the city. It was completed in 1877, at a cost of $1,750,000. It is occupied by the county offices and the cir- cuit, superior and criminal courts, Indiana Bar Association library, Marion county library, county clerk, recorder, treasurer, assessor, sheriff, coroner, commissioners, surveyor, etc.
The County Jail was built in 1892 and is archi- tecturally one of the best built buildings in the city. It is constructed of Indiana oolitic lime- stone and cost $175,000. The sheriff's residence is located in the building.
The Workhouse is located in the northwest- ern part of the city, on West Twenty-first street. It is a large brick structure and is provided with 160 cells. Connected with the institution is twelve acres of ground, which is kept under cultivation. Prisoners from the city and county courts are sent here.
The U. S. Army Post, "Fort Benjamin Har- rison," is located about eleven miles northeast of the city, where the Government has arranged for the care of a regiment of regulars. The build- ings for the officers and barracks for the troops were completed in 1907, and this post is regarded
*
MIGHT 1913
Birdseye View of Indianapolis, November, 1915. In this remarkable sketch the work was drawn to scale and every important building in the heart of Indianapolis is shown that was completed at time sketch was made .- From original copyrighted sketch by the Stafford Engraving Company of Indianapolis.
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Fone of the best equipped in the United States. It is reached by electric cars every hour, and is one of the points of greatest interest about the city.
U. S. Court-house and Post-Office is the only un Intertural representative of the federal gov- ernment in the city. The old buildings were sold for $400,100 in 1900. The new federal building erected in Indianapolis was authorized by an act of Congress, approved March 1. 1899, which ap- propriate [ $1,500,000 for the structure. During I'm the government acquired possession of the whole square lying between Pennsylvania and Meridian and Ohio and New York streets by paying the various owners of the property a total of $026,000. The plans of the building were opened to competition and Rankin & Kellogg, of Philadelphia, were the successful architects. The building is of generous proportions and magnifi- cent conception. The length of the building over all is 355 feet 5 inches. This is exclusive of steps and approaches. The depth over all, exclusive of steps and approaches, is 172 feet 6 inches. The height over all. from sidewalk, is 91 feet. The work on the excavations for the new building be- gan in May. 1902 ; the building was completed in 1904. With the exception of the United States weather bureau, the United States army recruit- ing office and the bureau of animal industries, all the offices of the government are located in this builling. The Indianapolis post-office has been established eighty years, and the following is a list of the postmasters : Samuel Henderson, 1822; John Cain, 1831; Joseph Moore, 1841 ( removed by President Tyler one month after appointment and John Cain appointed ) ; Livingston Dunlap, 1845; Alexander W. Russell, 1849 (died before his term expired and his son appointed in his place) : James Russell, 1851 ; William W. Wick, 1853: John M. Talbott, 1857; A. H. Conner. 1861 ; D. G. Rose, 1866; W. R. Holloway, 1869; J. A. Wildman, 1881; Aquilla Jones, Sr., 1885 ; William Wallace, 1889 ( died April 9, 1891) ; Ed- ward P. Thomson, 1891; Albert Sahm, 1894; Limes W. Hess, 1898 (died June, 1900) ; George F. MeGinnis, 1900: Henry W. Bennett, 1905 (re- signed May, 1908) ; Robert 11. Bryson, May, 108: Robert B. Springsteen was appointed April 21, 1913.
Other Federal Officers and Officials are U'ited States marshal. surveyor of customs,
revenue collector, pension agent, special examiner of pensions, United States weather bureau and the bureau of animal industry.
The Custom House is a very important ad- junct to the trade of the city. The value of the goods imported into the district of Indianapolis for the fiscal year ending 1915 was $653,997; total entries, 604; duties collected, $267,468.34.
Indiana Girls' School .- First established in 1889 as a part of the Indiana Reformatory In- stitution for Women and Girls, in Indianapolis, this institution has been variously known as the Reform School for Girls (1889), the Industrial School for Girls (1899), and the Indiana Girls' School (1907). It was housed under the same roof with women prisoners until July 11, 1907, when it was moved to a new location, as author- ized by an act approved March 11, 1903. The new school, constructed on the cottage plan, is located on a farm seven and one-half miles north- west of Indianapolis. Its post-office is Clermont. Girls are committed by the courts until they are twenty-one years of age, the age limit for com- mitment being from ten to eighteen years. The girls are given thorough courses in school, man- ual and industrial training. They may be released on parole at the discretion of the board of trus- tees subject to supervision by visiting agents.
Indiana Woman's Prison .- The Indiana Re- formatory Institution for Women and Girls was founded by an act of the General Assembly ap- proved May 13, 1869. The institution, located about one and three-fourths miles from the cen- ter of the city of Indianapolis, was opened Octo- ber 4, 1873, there being received that day all the women then imprisoned in the State prison at Jeffersonville. While the organic act provided for separate buildings for the women and girls, both were housed under one roof. The name of the institution was changed first to the Reform School for Girls and Woman's Prison, and ten years later the two departments were made dis- tinct and called the "Industrial School for Girls" and the "Indiana Woman's Prison." This change in name, however, did not obviate the unsatis- factory conditions growing out of the dual nature of the institution, and in 1903 the Legislature au- thorized the erection of new buildings for the girls. It was stipulated that the new location was to be outside of Indianapolis, but within ten miles
United States Court-House and Post-Office, Indianapolis.
Indiana State Capitol, Indianapolis.
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thereof. The girls were moved in July. 1907. and the quarters thus vacated were remodeled and occupied as the correctional department of the Indiana Woman's Prison. This department, opened February 3, 1908, receives women misde- meanants who would otherwise be sent to county jails. If the sentence is ninety days or less it is left to the discretion of the court whether the commitment shall be to the State or to the county institutions. The institution is managed solely by Wollen.
Masonic Temple, corner of Illinois and North streets, is one of the most beautiful structures of the kind in the country. The building is designed along classic lines in the Greek-Ionic style, is very massive and of monumental character. It is 100 feet high, with 150 feet on North street and 130 feet on Illinois street. The entire exterior is of Bedford oolitic stone and the structure is strictly fireproof. The building was erected un- der the direction of the Indianapolis Masonic Temple Association in 1908.
Odd Fellows Building and Grand Lodge Hall, at the corner of Washington and Pennsylvania streets, is one of the most notable additions to the many fine structures that have been erected in Indianapolis in recent years. Though it has only thirteen stories it is equivalent in height to a fif- teen-story building by reason of the high audi- torium which occupies the top floor. The twelfth floor is used for Grand Lodge offices and the top floor contains an auditorium to seat 1,500 per- sons. The exterior is entirely of oolitic limestone which is enriched by carvings, executed in a bold and artistic manner, and so distributed through- out the design as to give the building a sense of good taste and refinement. The main entrance is at the north end of the building on Pennsylvania street and is expressed by a massive stone en- trance curiched by beautifully wrought carvings and the doors are entirely of bronze metal.
Indiana Pythian Building, which was dedi- cited August 14, 1907, is located at the intersec- tion of Pennsylvania street and Massachusetts Vemie. It is one of the monuments that marks the new building era of the city and accentuates the marked difference in the appearance of the "down town district" that has occurred in recent years.
Murat Temple of the A. . A. O. M. S. is one of the most unique buildings in America and one
of the sights of Indianapolis. In it is located the Murat theater, said to be one of the finest and most complete in the country. It is located at the intersection of Massachusetts avenue and New Jersey and Michigan streets. The corner-stone was laid March 13, 1909, on the twenty-fifth an- niversary of the charter of Murat Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Prior to the erection of this building Murat Temple had its home in the Scot- tish Rite building. The erection of this building is due to the initiative of Elias J. Jacoby.
Monuments, Statues, Fountains, Streets, Etc .- In Indianapolis the center of attraction is Monument Place. Originally it was known as the Circle, and was designed by those who made the first plat of the city as the spot upon which to erect the mansion of the executive of the State of Indiana. Now it is the location of the greatest monument in the world erected to commemorate the services of its citizen soldiery of the State, and it is the city's chief adornment.
The Indiana State Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument .- Indianapolis has the proud dis- tinction of containing the first monument ever erected directly in honor of the private soldier. It is also one of the few real works of art in this line to be found in America. It is not a plain and unsightly shaft like that on Bunker Hill or in Washington City, but is a beautiful obelisk of artistic design. It was designed by Bruno Schmidt, the great German architect. Its con- struction was authorized by an act of the Gen- eral Assembly of the State of Indiana, and passed at the session of 1887. This act appropri- ated the sum of $200,000 to defray the cost of erection, and empowered certain of the State officers to appoint five commissioners who should have charge of the work. In addition to the amount appropriated by the Legislature, the sum raised by the monument committee of the G. A. R. was paid over to the commissioners to be expended by them. In 1891 the State Leg- islature made a further appropriation of $100,000 to aid in the construction. It was completed at a cost in excess of $500,000 and was dedicated with fitting ceremonies, attended by thousands of citizens from all parts of the State, May 15, 1902. It is constructed of Indiana oolitic limestone. The park in which it stands has an area of 3.12 acres, and lies at the intersection of Meridian and Mar- ket streets. It is surrounded by a circular street,
City Court and Police Headquarters, Indianapolis.
Tomlinson Hall and Market Buildings, Indianapolis.
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To:1 To dionamalin
City Hall Building Indianapolis.
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CENTENNIAL HISTORY AND HANDBOOK OF INDIANA
paved with asphalt. There are four approaches to the monument from the surrounding street, the approaches on the north and south sides lead- ing directly to the stairway by which the terrace surrounding the base of the pedestal shaft is reached. The monument, including the crowning figure, is 2841. feet in height. The top of the monument is reached by an elevator and stairway from the base of the interior of the shaft. A magnificent view of the city of Indianapolis and the surrounding country is obtained from the top of the monument.
Monuments to Notable Men .- Four epochs
Masonic Temple, Indianapolis.
in the history of Indiana are commemorated by bronze statues of representative men of the times occupying positions around the monument between the converging points of the intersecting streets. These are the period of the Revolution, represented by a statue of George Rogers Clark; the war with Mexico, by a statue of Governor Whitcomb ; the war of 1812 and the battle of Tip- pomoc, by the statue of William Henry Harri- on; and the war for the Union by Indiana's pred war Governor, Oliver P. Morton.
George Rogers Clark Statue stands on the worthwet of the monument and represents that Muntle= commander leading his little band of men to the capture of Fost Sackville from the hand of the British. To Clark, more than to any
other man, is the United States indebted for the acquisition of the territory northwest of the Ohio river. The statue was designed by John H. Ma- honey, of Indianapolis.
William Henry Harrison Statue occupies a position northeast of the soldiers' monument and is a fitting memorial of the period of the Revolu- tionary war. General Harrison was appointed first Governor of Indiana territory in 1800, and during the twelve years he served as executive of the embryo State he extinguished the Indian titles to more than 29,000,000 acres of land now included in the State of Indiana. His campaign against the Indians culminated in the battle of Tippecanoe, No- vember 7, 1811. This statue was designed by John H. Mahoney, of Indianapolis.
James Whitcomb Statue com- memorates the third period in the military history of Indiana, and stands to the southwest of the monument. During his ad- ministration the war with Mex- ico occurred, lasting through the years 1846-47-48. During the six years he served as Governor of Indiana he did much to re- store the State's credit, which had been impaired by the failure of the internal improvement sys- tem, and it was largely through his efforts that a sentiment was created among the people in favor of the establishment of benevolent and reformatory institutions. This statue was designed by John H. Mahoney, of In- dianapolis.
Oliver P. Morton Statue stands to the south- east of the soldiers' monument. After the death of Governor Morton, in 1877, his friends con- ceived the plan of erecting a statue in Indian- apolis, in commemoration of his inestimable serv- ice during the war for the Union; and to carry this plan into effect the "Morton Memorial Asso- ciation" was organized. A bronze statue of Gov- ernor Morton was cast, for which the association paid $14,000. By the authority of the Legislature the statue was placed in the center of Circle park, where it stood until the erection of the soldiers' monument, when it was removed to the south-
Pythian Building, Indianapolis.
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Murat Temple, Indianapolis.
VONNEGUT HANTHAN
Odd Fellows Building, Indianapolis.
Majestic and Scottish Rite Buildings, Indianapolis.
GENERAL GEORGE ROGERS CLARK
1778-5
William Henry Harrison.
George Rogers Clark.
Governor James Whitcomb.
Oliver P. Morton.
Statues in Monument Place, Indianapolis.
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CENTENNIAL HISTORY AND HANDBOOK OF INDIANA
east to represent the fourth period in the military history of the State. He will be known to future generations, as he is to the present, as Indiana's great war Governor. This statue was designed by Franklin Simmons, of Rome, Italy, and was cast there.
Schuyler Colfax Statue .- The first citizen of Indiana to reach the vice-presidential chair was Schuyler Colfax, who had served three terms as speaker of the national house of representa-
statue is of bronze; the pedestal is of Bavano granite from the quarries at Lake Maggiore, Italy. Two allegorical statues representing "His- tory" and "Peace" stand upon the base of the monument to its right and left. The monument was designed by R. H. Parks, of Florence, Italy.
Statue of Gen. Henry W. Lawton, who fell at San Mateo, Philippine Islands, December 19, 1899, formerly stood on the southwest corner of the county court-house grounds, but was moved
Indiana Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument.
ives. He was a leading member of the Odd Fel- ows, and to his memory that organization has erected a bronze statue in University park. It vas erected in 1887. The designer was Laredo Taft, of Chicago.
Thomas A. Hendricks Statue .- Governor, enator and Vice-President of the United States, Thomas A. Hendricks was one of the distin- juished sons of Indiana, and to him the people of the State have erected a bronze statue in the outheast corner of the state-house grounds. It vas erected by popular subscription, and unveiled n July, 1890. The statue itself is fourteen feet ix inches high, and the monument as a whole has height of thirty-eight feet six inches. The
to Garfield park in 1915. It was unveiled May 30, 1907, with most impressive services, attended by President Roosevelt, and was built as a tribute to the memory of General Lawton by the people of Indiana. It was designed by the noted sculp- tor Niehaus.
Monument to Governor Morton, which stands at the east entrance to the state-house, was tin- veiled July 23, 1907. It is the second statue erected in the city, and is a tribute of the State to the memory of the great "War Governor." Through the efforts of the G. . A. R. a bill was passed by the Legislature of 1905 appropriating $35,000 for the purpose. The figure was designed by Rudolph Schwartz.
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Peace Groups, Indiana Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument.
Benjamin Harrison Monument was erected at the south edge of University park, opposite the Federal building, by the Benjamin Harrison Monument Association and unveiled October, 1908. It had its inception in the desire of friends of the late President Harrison throughout the country to perpetuate the memory of his life and services in the city of his residence among the people he loved and with whom he spent the larger part of his mature years.
The Park System .- Indianapolis began the work of building parks on a systematic plan in 1895, when J. Clyde Power was appointed park engineer.
Riverside Park is the largest and most pre- tentions park in the city. The lands embraced by it were purchased in 1898 and contain 950 acres. White river runs through the park, the water of which is utilized for boating purposes by the erec-
tion of a substantial dam, which is one of the handsomest ma sonry structures of its kind ij the country. A splendid boule vard stretches along the rive bluffs within the park, golf link have been established, and th clubhouse of the Canoe club i located here. One of the mos entertaining features of this parl is the collection of birds and an imals.
Garfield Park is located in the southeastern section of the city and contains about 108 acres. I is one of the most pleasing bit of landscape in the city.
Military Park lies between New York street and the Indi ana Central canal on the north and south, and West and Black ford streets on the east and west and includes fourteen acres. Ir the early days of the city's his. tory it was known as "Military, Reservation," and was the place where the militia musters were held. All the military companies of the city during the pioneer days camped and drilled there and at the time of the Black- hawk outbreak 300 Indiana mili- tia camped there before marching to Chicago. It was also the first camping ground of Indiana's quota of six regiments under President Lincoln's first call for troops, and throughout the war it was used as a camp ground. The park was then known as Camp Sullivan. Many of the old forest trees still stand, with some hundreds of younger growth. A large fountain is situated in the cen- ter of the park at the meeting place of the con- verging pathways.
University Square comprises four acres, lying between Pennsylvania and Meridian streets on the east and west, and Vermont and New York streets on the north and south. It was the site of a university that flourished from 1834 to 1846, and thus acquired its name. A statue of Schuyler Colfax stands in the southwestern side.
St. Clair Square adjoins the grounds of the Institution for the Blind on the north, from Me-
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idian to Pennsylvania streets, xtending to St. Clair street. It ; four acres in extent, and in 's center there is a fountain. Reached by North Pennsylvania treet cars.
Brookside Park is one of the ew additions to the park areas, nd is located in the eastern part f the city. It contains about ighty acres of beautifully wooded land.
Fairview Park is the most popular outing place near Indi- napolis. It is the property of he street car company, is located even miles northwest of the city nd is a beautiful expanse of bout 200 acres of wooded hills nd ravines -overlooking White iver and the Indiana Central anal. Ample street car service s maintained regularly between he park and the city, sufficient o handle the large crowds that attend it. The park is well upplied with amusement fea- ures, and a well-stocked restau- ant conducted at popular prices. Other Parks and Park Places tre Elmwood Place, Fletcher Place, McCarty Place, Morris Park, Morton Place, Wayne Place and Hendricks Place, Ellenberger Park, at Irvington, and other arks and places.
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