USA > Indiana > Allen County > Standard atlas of Allen County, Indiana : including a plat book of the villages, cities and townships of the county patrons directory, 1898 > Part 9
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Auditors. There are six auditors connected with the Treasury Department, each of whom receives a salary of $3,600 per year, and is allowed a deputy at &t salary of 82,250 per ammuni No one anditor tikes rank over another. The first auditor receives amd arjusts the accounts of the revenne and disbursements, appropriations and expenditures on account of the civil list and uniler special acts of Congress, reporting the balances to the commissioners of the customs and first comptroller respectively for their decision. The second auditor devotes most of luis attention to army affairs; looks after all the accounts relating to the pay, clothing nud recruiting of the army; the arsenals, armories and ord- nance; all accounts relating to the Indian Department; reporting to the second comptroller. The third auditor has all accounts for sustenance of the army, military academy, military roads, fortifications, quarter- minster's department, certain pensions, claims arising for imilitary serv- iLe previons to 1817; for all property lost in the military service; he reports also to the second comptroller. The fourth auditor also reports to the secoml comptroller, And attends to all accounts of the service connected with the tiny. The fifth auchtor reports to the first comp- troller, and adjusts all accounts connecterl with the diplomatic service of the Department of State. The sixth auditor nuljusts all accounts grow- ing from the service of the Post Office Department.
WAR DEPARTMENT.
'The War Department was organized in August, 1789. The head of tlus department is known as the Secretary of War, is appointed by the President, and receives a salary of 88,000 peranount. The War Depart- ment attends to the excention of all laws affecting the Regular Army, and carries out and performis such duties as many be provided for by Liw or directed by the President relative to military forces, military commissions and the warlike stores of the United States, In former years this department niso hail charge of Inthan as well as military affairs, but this has been transferred to the Department of the Interior. The War Department is also required, among other duties, to maininin the signal service and provide for taking meteorological observations at various points on the continent, and give telegraphic notice of the I tion of statistics relating to educational matters in the various States.
approach ot storms. There is also maintained a Ciril Engineering De- partment, through the aid of which is carried ont sich improvenients in rivers and harbors as may be authorized by Congress. The Secretary Df War also has supervision over the West Point Military Aculemy.
The private clerk for the head of the War Department is paid 82,000 per year, assistant secretary, 84,500, cluef clerk, 82,75lt The most of the subordinates and assistants in the War Department, except those mentioned, are officers of the Regular Army, who are paul salaries and perquisites,
The Chmmanfing General comes next to the Secretary, and receires a salary of 87,500 per year. He looks after the arningement of military forces, superintends the recruiting service and discipline of the army, onlers conrts-martini, and in a general sense is charged with seeing io the enforcement of the laws all regulitmus of the army The Adjutant. General keeps the rolls and the orders issued. The Quartermaster- General has charge of the barracks and the supplies, etc., that may be required for the arnty. The Commissary.General is head of the Subsist- ence Department, and has supervision over the purchasing anil IssuIng uriny rations, The Judge Advocate General is the head nf the department of military justice. The Surgeon General, as the name im- plies, looks after the affairs of the army relating to su k, wonuleit, hospi- tal, ctc. The Paymaster-General is the flisbursing officer for the money required by the deparlineal There is also the Ordinance office, control- liny ordnance store , arstik, armonies, the Dmanufacture of arms, etc The Topographicil office In- charge of all plus and drawings of all surveys made for utilitaty purposes. Besitles these there are the Inspector-General' Department and departments fler oled th war rec- ords, publications, .. c.
fn this connection it may be of interest to the general reader to refer bricfly to a few facts oncerning the Regular Arny. The Unitedl States is divided for this | hrpose into a number of military districts The head of each department receives his general mistructions and orrlers fram headquarters. The term of service in the Regular Army Is five years. The pary of private soldiers at the start is $18 per monthi and rations, and this is itere,ised according to tinie of service, being 821 per nionth and muous after urenty years' service. The pay of the officers is proportionerl to their rank. Colonels receive 84,500 per year brigadier generals, 85,500, and major generals, 27,500.
NAVY DEPARTMENT.
The head of this departowat is the Secretary of the Navy, who Is appointed by the Presulent, alidl receives n salary of 88,000 piei armuin This department is charged with the duty of atteintling to the construc tion, armament, citupiment and employment of vessels of war, as well as all other matters connected with naval affairs, and appropriations made therefor by Congress The Secretary of the Navy has ihrect control of the United States Naral Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, Issues orders to the commandlers of the various squadrons, his general authority over the Marine Corps; and has control of all the seremaf bureans of the Navy Departnicht.
There are a number of bureaus organized in the Navy Department for the purpose of inore thoroughly handling the work, among the most important of which may be mentioned the following: Bureau of Steam Engineering; Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; Bureau ol Naviga- tion; Bureau of Prorisions and Clothing; Bureau of Yards and Docks; Bureau of Ordnance; Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting: Bureau of Construction and Repair. Attached to this department are also officials or bureaus to attend to the following matters; "Marine Barracks, Wash- Ington, D. C .; Museum of Hygiene; Naval Dispensary, Board of Inspection and Surrey: Navy Supplies and Accounts; Naval Observa- tory: Hydrographic Office, Library and War Records; Naval Intelli- gence; Nautical Almanne, etc.
Rear admirals in the Navy are paid $6,000 per year; commodores, 85,000; captains, 84,500; lieutenant-commanders, 83,000; medical direct- ors (rank of captains), 84,400, medical inspectors (rank of commanders), 84,400; pay directors (rank of captains), 84,400; pay mispcctors (rank of commanders), 84,400, In the Engineer Corps the chief engineers arc also paid 84,400 per year.
PONY OFFICE DI PARTHINI.
This is one of the itost important branches of the National Guvern- ment. fts hend is the Postmaster-General, who is appointed by the President, and receives a salary of 88,000 per annum. The Post Office Department has supervision over the execution of all laws passed by Congress affecting the postal service, and has general supervision over everything relating to the gathering, carrying and distribution of United States mails, superintends the distribution and disposal of all molleys belonging to, or appropriated for, the department ; and the instruction of and supervision over all persons in the postal service, with refereuce to their duties
In providing for handling the general work of the Post Office Depart- ment it has been founti necessary to create four burcans, or offices, as they are termed, each of winch is presided over by an assistant post- master-general, who each receive 84,000 per nunum , are all subject to the direction and supervision of the head of the department. A review of these various bureaus and their principal officials, with the name of the office, will show very clearly the work handled by cach.
The first assistant postmaster-general is allowed a chuef clerk at $2,000 per year : superintendent of post office supplies, 82,000; superin- tendent free delivery division, 83,000 ; chief division of salaries and allowances, 82,200 ; superintendent money order system, 83,500 ; super- intendent Dead Letter Office, 82,500 , chief division of correspondence, €1,800
The secontl assistant postmaster-general has charge of a number of divisions, indicated by the following officials who are under his control : superintendent of railway adjustments, nt 82,000 per year ; chief of inspection division, 82,000 ; chief of mail equipment division, 81,800 ; general superintendent milway mail service, ₴3,500; superinterulent foreign mails, 83,000.
The third assistant postmaster-general has charge of the postage stamp division and the finance division. The chief of the former receives 82,550 per annuin, and of the latter $2,000 per year.
The fourthi assistant postninster-general has control of a number of divisions, as indicated by the following officials who are under bis supervision, vic .: Chief of the division of appointments, who is paust 84,000 per annum; chief of the division of bonds and commissions, 84,000; chief post office inspector, 83,000; and the division of mail depre- ditions.
Besides the varions chiefs of divisions mentioned above there are connected with the Pust Office Department a law clerk, at $2,500 per year, appointment clerk, at $1,800; assistant attorney-general, 84,000; superinterulent and thisbursing clerk, $2, 500; and a topogmpher, at 82,600 per annum.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR.
The Interior Department is under the immediate control of the Sec- retary of the Interior. He isappointed by the President, and receives a salary of 88,000 per year. In this department, as the name implies, Is conducted most of the public business relating to domestic or internal affairs, and, like most of the other executive departments, it is divided into a number of subdivisions and branches, The Secretary nif the Interior is charged with a general supervision over public hiusiness connected with the following branches, viz . Ist. The census of the United States. 2d. All matters connected with public lands. 3d. Everything relating to the Indians or Indian affairs 4th. All matters concerning pensions or bounty lands. 5th. The issu.ince and ffing of patents and caveats. 6th. The custody and distribution of publications. 7th. The compila-
ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS IN THE YEAR A. D 1605, BY GEO. A. OGLE & CO .. IN THE OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS AT WASHINGTON, D. C.
SUPPLEMENT IV.
DIGEST OF THE SYSTEM OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT.
Hle also has oversight over several uf the Government's charitable anil benevolent instintons. For the purpose of handling properly the bust- nessemeciul with panel of the subjects mentioned, there are bureaus organized for the pom pose.
"The salatics jatid to the principal officials connected with the Interior Department are as follows First assistant secretary of the niterior, 84,500 per year; assistant secretary, 81,000; chief clerk, $2,750; assist- ant attorney-general [Dept. of Interior), 85,000; comunissioner of the General Land Office, 85,000, commissioner of Indian affairs, 84,000; superintendent of Indian schools, 83,000; commissioner of the Pension Office, 85,000; medical referee, 83,000, commissioner of railroads, 84,500, commissioner of the Patent Office, 85,000; commissioner of the Education Office, 83,000, director of geological surveys, 86,000; super- intendent of the Census Office, 86,000.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
This department was forinerh comtreled with the Interior Depart- ment, but in 199! n was roure imac au inade independent, and the Secretary of Agriculture was tuade a member of the Cabinet. The head of tlus departnient is appointed by the I Resident, and receives a salary of $8,000 per annumu.
The general duty and design of the Department of Agriculture is to acquire and diffuse among the people of the United States useful mfor- mation on subjects connected with agriculture in the most general and comprehensive sense of that word, and to procure, propagate and dis. tribute among the people new and valuable seeds and plants.
The following is a list of the chief officials connected with the Department of Agriculture and their anlavies, and the list will also serve to indicate the various lines of work handled by nud the various duties which devolve upon the department, \12 Assistant secretary of agri- culture receives 84,500 per annum; chiet of Weather Bureau, 84,500; chief of Bureau of Awimal Industry, 83,000, statistician, 82,500; chemist, 82,500; entomologist, $2,500; botanist, 82,500, ornithologisi, 82,500; chief of forestry division, 82,000, pomologist, $2,300, chief of vegetable pathol- (g) division, 82,000, microscopist, $2,5011, director of office of experi- mental stations, 815,000; chief division of accounts, 82,500; chief of .livision of records and edning, 82,500; chiel of division of illustrations Huid engravings, 82,000, horticulturist, 82, MIII,
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE,
The head of the Department of justice is the Attorney-General, who is appointed by the President, and receives a salary of 86,000 per annum. "The principal assistant of the Antoniey-General is the Solicitor- General, who receives 87,000 pier year. There are a number of Issist. ant attorney-generals who receive 85,000 per annum, and a special assistant attorney-geucial is appointed for nearly all of the various departments, including the Treasury, State, Post Office and Interior De. partinents. Besides these there are a number of special officials con- nected with the Department of Justice, such as ( caininer of titles, who receives 82,750 per annum; superintendent of buildings, 82,500, ap- pointment and disbursing clerk, $2,000, and attorney in charge of pardons, $2,400.
The Attorney-General is the legal adviser of the President, and it is the duty of the Department of Justice to give all opinions and render all services requiring the skill of persons learned in the law necessary to evable the President and other officers of the various Government departments to discharge their respective duties. This department Is also required to prosecute or defend all suits or proceedings in which the United States is interested. The Attorney-General has general super- vision over all the solicitors for the various departments; and also exer- cises general superintendence and direction over all United States marshals and United States district attorneys of all the districts of the United States and Territories.
INDEPENDENT DEPARTMENTS,
There are several independent departments, which, although none of them are as import ent as the foregoing, atul their heads are not Caburet members, yet they form a very fitcessary part and attend to very important brauches of the National GovFramicut
Government Printing Office. The In ol of this branch of public work is the Public Printer, who is af juanted by the President, and receives n salary of 84,500 per year. His . hief clerk is paid $2,400 per year, and there is a foremiau of puuting and n foreman of binding, each of whoin receive $2,100 per anuum
Cwil Service Commission, Thus commission consists of three com- missioners, ich of whom are paid $3,500 per year. The chief examiner Cultherical with the commission is paid 83,000 per annum, and the sCuletary 2,000.
Interstate Commerce Commission. This commission was created for the purpose, and charged with the duty, of seeing that the laws regi- lating interstate commerce were faithfully executed and observed, and to prevent uujust discrimination on the pinuit of railway corporations and common carriers. The commission consists of five commissioners apquinted from different sections of the United States, each of whom receives a salary of 87,500 per year. The secretary of the cominissiou receives a salary of 88,500 per nmuim.
Department of Labor," The geneml design of this department is to collect, assort and systematize statistical details relating to the different branches of lahor in the United States. The head of this department is known as the Commissioner of the Department of Labor, and he is pan a salary of 85,000 per auvumi. His chief clerk receives $2,500 per year, and disbursing clerk 81,400.
JUDICIARY
The judicial powers of the United Statesare vuateil in the following- n.med courts, viz .: The United States Supreme Court, consisting of one chief justice and eight associate justices, the United States Court of Claims, which consists of the chief justice and four judges; the United States Circuit Court of Appeals, and the United States Circuit and District Courts. All judges of United States Courts are appointed for life, or during "good behavior." The chief justice of the United States Supreme Court receives a salary of $10,500 per annum, and the nsyncinte justices $10,000 each. The circuit judges receive n salary of 86,000 each per annum, district judges 85,000, auml judges of the Court of Clans 84,500 each per year,
The junsdiction of the United States Courts extends to all cases in law and in equity arising under the Constitution, the laws of the United Staies, and treaties, to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers ail consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdic- tien, to controversies to which the United States shall be a pirrty; to controversies between two or more States; between a State and a citizen of another State, between citizens of different States; between citizens of the same State chyming lands under grants of different States, In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State is a party the Supreme Court his original jurisdic- tion. In the other cases the Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction.
LEGISLATIVE DI.PARTMENT.
The legislative powers of the United States are vested in a Con- gress, which consists of a Senate and House of Representatives, and which meets annually at Washington on the first Monday of December. The constitution gives to Congress the following general powers: To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and exeises; pay the debts of the United States; borrow money on the credit of the United States; to reg. ulate commerce; to establish uniform laws on naturalization and bank- ruptey; to coin money and regulate the value thereof; fix the stand-
ard of weights ,und measures, to declare war, to raise and support armies (but it is provided that no appropriation for this purpose can be for a longer period than for two years); io provide and maintain a navy; to grant letters of marqueand reprisal, and make rules concerning capt- ures on land and water; to make rules for the government and regula- tion of the land and naval forces; to establishr postoffices and post-roads; to promote the progress of science and the useful arts by securing for limited times, to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their re- spective writings and discoveries; to coustitute tribunals inferior to the Supienie Cont, to define aml punish pimcies and felonies committed on the high seas and offenses agamist the liw of nations; to exercise exclusive legislation over the District of Columbia and places purchased for forts, magazines, arsenals, etc .; and further to make all laws neces- sary lor the general welfare of the United States, and for "carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by the Con- stitution in the Government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof." The Constitution expressly forbids Congress making any law respecting the establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and te petition the Government for a redress of grievances, Congress cannot suspend the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus except in enses of rebellion or invasion when the public safety may require ut. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law can be passed. No tax or duty can be bid on articles exported from any State, No preference can be given by any regula- tion of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another. No title of nobility can be granted. Every law passed by Congress must be submitted to the President for his approval. If he returus it with his objections, or vetoes it, the measure may be passed over Ins veto by a two-thirds vote of both branches of Congress,
The Senate, or the " Upper House of Congress," is composed of two Senators from each State in the Union. They are elected by the Legisla- tures of their respective States, for the term of six years, and receive a salary of 85,000 per annum. No person can he elected to the United States Senate who has not attained the age of thirty years, been nine years a citizen of the United States, and is when elected an inhabitant of the State from which he is chosen. The Senate has sole power to try all impeachments. Its consent and confirmation is necessary for all important officers appointed by the President. Its consent is also nec- essary to conclude any trenty.
The House of Representatives is the " Lower House of Congress." Each State in the Union is divided into congressiount districts, of ns nearly equal population as is practicable. In each district a represent- ative is elceted by the people for a term of two years, and each is paid A Salary of 85,000 per year. Besides these, a delegate from each orgair- ized Territory is admitted to the House of Representatives, who is not entitled to vote, but has the right to debate on all subjects in which the Territory which lie represents has an interest. No person can he a rep. resentative who has not attained the age of twenty-five years, been for seven years n citizen of the United States, and is at the time of his election an inhabitant of the State from which he is chosen. All bills for raising revenue must originate iv the House of Representatives.
STATE GOVERNMENT.
T HE method of State government throughout the United States follows very closely the genctal plan of government that pre- vais iu national affairs. "The various functions of government in State affairs are hudled in departments, with a State officer at the head of each branch, and the lines are clearly drawn Intween the executive, legislative and judicial powers. All the States nie governed under a constitution, wloch outlines and defines the powers which each of these departments shall exercise and possess. All of the most important State officials are elected by the people, but in many of the States the less important offices are filled by appoint- meut of the Governor, by and with the consent of the State Senate.
GOVERNOR
The Governor is the highest exernive officer in all the States of the Union, and is elected by a direct wic . fille people The term of office varies materially in the different Sith \, ranging from two to six years. As to the matier of salary th it the Governor receives, it also differs widely throughout the different States and is subject to frequent change, At the present writing two Sintes-New York and Pennsylvania -- pay their Governors $10,000 per year; Illinois and California both pay $6,000 per aunum; Minnesota, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, Virguna and Wisconsin all pay $5,000 per year, Maryland pays 84,500; Michigan, Louisiana, Mississippi, Ohio, Tennes- see and Texas pay $1,000, Florida and Arkansas pay $3,500; Alabama, Colorado, lowa, Kansas and North Carolina all pay 84,000; West Vir- gının, 82,700; Movtann and Washington, 82,600; the Dakotas and Nebraska, $2,500; Connecticut, Delaware audl Marue, 82,000; Oregon, 81,500, and New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont 81,000. About the only statement concerning the qualifications required for this office that would be common to all the States is that he must be a citizen of the State in which he is elected. In most of the States, In addition to the salary named, the Governor is furnished with a residence, which is known as the " Executive Mansion."
I he powers and dalies that devolve upon the Governor are about the same in all of the States He is charged with a general super vision over the faithful execution of the laws, and is the legal custodian of all the property of the State not specihc.illy untrusted to other officers hy law, and is authorized to take summary possession of such property. He Is expected to communicate hy message to erich session of the State legislature such information or recommendations regarding Stateaffairs nis be may deem necessary and proper, and lie is empowered to call extra sessions of that body whenever the public welllive may demand. He accounts to the same body for all nioneys received and paid ont, and jiresents estimates of amounts to be raised by taxation for various pur-
poses. He has a negative (or veto) upon all laws passed by the Legisla- ture, but it is provided that ineasures may be passed over hus veto by a two-thirds vote of that hody. The Governor is commander-in-chief of the State nulitary or naval forces, and has authority to call out such forces to preserve peace and execute the laws when the localauthorities are unable to accomplish this. He may require the opinion of the vari- ous State officers upon any subject relating to their respective offices, and examines and approves the bonds of State officials In ninny States the Governor has power to graut repnieves and parvous, after conviction, for all offenses against the State except in cases of impeachment; but in a few of the States the pardoning power is vested ingi board selected for that purpose, of which the Governor is generally ex-officion member. l'he Governor lins the apponitment of a number of State officers, and in many cases if an elective office becomes vacaut he has power to fill it by appointment; has power in many States to suspend a State officer, or even a county officer, pending a legal investigation. The Governor issues requisitions upon the executives of other States fot parties charged with crime who escape to other States, and he has power to issue warrants for fleeing criminals upou requisition of other Governors.
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