USA > Indiana > The Indiana gazetteer, or, Topographical dictionary : containing a description of the several counties, towns, villages, settlements, roads, lakes, rivers, creeks, and springs, in the state of Indiana > Part 11
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NEW-GARDEN, a north-eastern township in Wayne county. .
NEW-MARKET, a village in Tippecanoe county, about thirteen miles north-east from Lafayette, con- taining about forty inhabitants.
NEW-MAYSVILLE, a village in the north-eastern part of Putnam county, about thirteen miles north-east from Greencastle.
NEWPORT,, a post town and seat of justice of Ver- million county. It is situated on the south bank of Little Vermillion, two miles from its mouth. It con- tains about three hundred inhabitants, and has a jail, a large and commodious brick court house, three ta- verns, three mercantile stores, two physicians, and mechanics of various occupations. Newport is situat- ed very advantageously for trade; it stands in one of the most fertile regions of the west, and convenient to the Wabash, which, next to the Ohio river, affords the best facilities in the country for inland navigation. It is about seventy-two miles west from Indianapolis. N. lat. 39 deg. 51 min. W. lon. 10 deg. 6 min.
NEWPORT, a village in Wayne county, about ele- ven miles north-east from Centreville, containing three hundred inhabitants, a tavern, three mercantile stores, a physician, and a variety of mechanical establish- ments.
NEW-SALEM, a village in Rush county, eight miles south-east from Rushville. It contains about one hun- dred and fifty inhabitants, three stores, two taverns, and a number of mechanics.
NEW-SALSBURY, a small village in Harrison coun- ty, seven miles north of Corydon. It has about fifteen inhabitants, a store and a cabinet shop.
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NEWTOWN, an interior village in Fountain county, not much improved.
NEW-TRENTON, a small post town in Franklin coun- ty. It is situated in Whitewater township, cleven miles south-cast from Brookville. It has a population of about two hundred inhabitants, two taverns, three stores, two blacksmith's shops, and various other mc- chanics.
NEW-YORK, a small post village in Switzerland county. It is situated on the bank of the Ohio river; eight miles east of Vevay.
NINEVEH, a beautiful mill stream which rises in the southern part of Johnson county, and running south- eastwardly into Bartholomew county empties into Driftwood about six miles above Columbus.
NINEVEH, a north-western township in Bartholo- mew county.
NINEVEHI, a southern township in Johnson county.
NOBLE, a township in Rush county.
NOBLE, a township in Shelby county.
NOBLESVILLE, a post town and seat of justice for Hamilton county. It is situated on the east bank of the West Fork of White River, surrounded by an ex- tensive body of rich level land, abounding with excel- lent springs and streams of water. It contains about a hundred and fifty inhabitants, and has three mercan- tile stores, a tavern, a Methodist church, two physi- cians, two lawyers, and mechanics of various kinds. It is about 22 miles north of Indianapolis. N. lat. 40 deg. 0 min. W. lon. 8 deg. 49 min.
NOBLESVILLE, a western township in Hamilton county.
NOLAND'S FORK, a branch of the West Fork of Whitewater. It rises in Randolph county, and run- ning south through Wayne, empties into Whitewater on the east side, in Fayette county.
NORTH-EAST, a township in the north-eastern part of Orange county.
NORTH FORK, a branch of Muscatatack which ri- ses in Ripley and Decatur counties, in the neighbour-
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hood of Napoleon, whence it takes a south-westerly direction through Jennings and a part of Jackson, to its junction with Graham on the north-eastern border of Washington county. The union of these two streams forms the Muscatatack river. The North Fork is an excellent mill stream; on it are erected some of the most valuable mills in the country, and it affords a number of advantageous sites for machinery, not yet occupied.
. NORTH-WEST, a township in the north-western part of Orange county.
OFFIELD'S CREEK, a branch of Sugar creek in Mont- gomery county.
Omo, the beautiful and well known river of the west, which washes the borders of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, and forms the dividing line between these and the states of Virginia, and Kentucky.
Omo, a southern township bordering on the Ohio river, in Crawford county.
Omo, a southern township bordering on the Ohio river in Spencer county.
Omo, a south-western township, bordering on the Ohio river in Warrick county.
OIL, a township in Perry county through which Oil creek runs.
OIL CREEK, a small mill stream in Perry county, which runs southwardly into the Ohio river.
ORANGE, a southern county, bounded on the north by Lawrence county, on the west by Martin and Du- bois, on the south by Crawford, and on the cast by Washington. It extends from north to south about nineteen miles, and from cast to west about twenty miles, including an area of 378 square miles, or 241- 920 acres. It was organized in 1815, and contained, in 1830, a population of 7,909 souls. The country is generally hilly, and abounds with limestone rock and springs of excellent water. The prevailing timber is beech, sugartree, walnut, hickory, and ash ; and in some
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parts on the high ridges, white, black, red, and ches- nut oak are the principal growth. Streams of water are scarce in some parts of this county, owing to the numerous sinks or chasms, where the water falls into the earth, and finds subterraneous passages to the larg- er streams with which it is destined to unite. The soil in the lower grounds is loamy ; but throughout the county more generally clayey and calcarious. The country is well adapted to the culture of wheat, rye, oats, and other small grain; the richer and loamy soil also produces abundant crops of corn, potatoes and grass. The principal water courses in the county are Lost river, Lick creek, and Patoka, neither of which is of much advantage for navigation, but they have in some places good mill seats. The French lick, and Half-moon Spring are considerable natural curio- sities; both of which are in this county. A particular description of each of those springs will be found un- der their proper names. The staple articles of the county are corn, oats, flour, potatoes, beef, pork, and live stock. Paoli is the seat of justice.
ORANGE, a western township in Fayette county.
ORANGE, a township in Rush county.
ORLEANS, a post town in Orange county. It is situated on the state road, eight miles north of Paoli, in the richest and pleasantest part of the county. It has three mercantile stores, two taverns, two physi- cians, a carding machine, two tanneries, a post office, and a variety of mechanics. The situation is very pleasant, and surrounded by a body of excellent land in a prosperous state of cultivation. The town con- tains about two hundred inhabitants.
OTTER CREEK, a branch of Graham, which rises in Ripley and takes a south-westerly course into Jen- nings where it unites with the main stream. It con- tains some good mill seats.
OTTER CREEK, a small mill stream in Vigo county. It rises in the eastern border of the county and dis- charges itself into the Wabash river about five miles
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above Terre-Haute. In its course it passes through a beautiful prairie, which is called after its name.
OWEN, an interior county, bounded on the north by Putnam, on the west by Clay, on the south by Greene, and on the east by Monroe and Morgan. It was or- ganized in 1818. Its extent from north to south is about twenty-one miles, and from east to west twenty miles, containing an area of 380 square miles, or 243,- 200 acres. It contained, in 1830, a population of 4,060 inhabitants. The face of the country is mode- rately hilly or gently rolling. The timber consists chiefly of beech, poplar, sugartree, ash, elm, buckeye, and various kinds of oak. The soil, in some parts of the county, is a dark loam with a mixture of sand, in some parts clayey or calcareous, and all very produc- tive. The West Fork of White River winds in a ser- pentine south-westerly direction through the county, and its principal tributaries are Rackoon, Big and Lit- tle Indian creeks, Mill creek, Rattlesnake, and Fish creek. The south fork of Eel river, also a good mill stream, passes through the northern section of the coun- ty and affords great facilities for mills and other machi- nery. The falls of that stream at and near to Fallsville, are considered superior to any other natural site in the state for mills or any other kind of machinery. From the lower falls the stream is navigable to its junction with the main fork in Clay county, twelve miles from Fallsville, and thence to White River. There is at the falls an inexhaustible quantity of limestone rock of the best quality for the purposes of architecture. The river at the lower falls is about fifty yards wide, and has a very strong current. At this place there are in- numerable shoals of fishes. The depth of the water under the lower fall, is estimated at a hundred feet; and the fishes, unable to surmount the cascade, collect in great multitudes, in this place; some of which have been caught weighing fifty pounds. These falls are near the northern boundary of Owen county, about sixteen miles north from Spencer, and about fifteen miles south from Greencastle. In some parts of Ow-
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en county, iron ore has been discovered, and is sup- posed to be abundant; but it's extent has not yet been ascertained .: The county contains a number of com- inon schools and five or six houses of worship. The chief articles of trade are corn, oats, flour, beef, pork, potatoes, and live stock. Spencer is the seat of justice.
OWEN'S LICK, an establishment on Salt creek, in Monroe county, for the manufacture of salt. It is the property of the gentleman whose name it bears.
OWENSVILLE, a small village in Gibson county,' twelve miles south of Princeton, containing about thir- ty inhabitants.
OWL PRAIRIE, a large and beautiful tract of rich ioamy prairie, in the northern part of Daviess county, surrounded by ridges of excellent timber land. The cultivated parts of this prairie produce the most lux- uriant crops of corn, and the uncultivated parts serve . as grazing grounds for the multitudes of cattle which are raised in it.''
Ox's FORK, a branch of Stucker's Fork of Musca- tatack, in Scott county.
PALMYRA, an eastern township in Knox county.
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PAOLI, a post town and seat of justice of Orange county. It is situated on Lick creek, a beautiful mill stream, near the centre of the county. It contains six mercantile stores, three taverns, two oil mills, a cot- ton factory, two carding machines, two tanneries, two . flour mills, one propelled by horse power, and the oth- er by water power; a fulling mill, and a number of mechanics of various occupations, with an aggregate population of four hundred persons. The public . buildings are a jail, a court house, and a brick semina- ry: It is surrounded by a good farming country, in a high state of cultivation, and abounding with the ne- . cessaries and comforts of life. Paoli is about ninety miles nearly south from Indianapolis. N. lat. 38 deg. 27 min. W. lon. 9 deg. 15 min.
PAOLI,' a township in Orange county.', 13
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PARAGON, a small village in Carroll county, about a mile north, of Delphi. It is situated on the south- east bank of the Wabash river. It was laid . off. in ... 1831, and contains about thirty inhabitants.
PARIS, a pleasant and thriving post town in Jen -. nings county. It stands, on a high ground near the south fork of Muscatatack, surrounded by a country of good farming land in a high state of cultivation, and uniformly healthy. It contains three stores, two ta- verns, and a variety of mechanics; with a population of about a hundred souls. It is situated about twelve miles south of Vernon, and near to the southern boun- dary of the county.
PARKE, a western county bordering on the Wa- bash river. It was organized in 1821 ; and is bounded on the north by Fountain county, on the west by Ver- million, on the south by Vigo and Clay, and on the east by Putnam and Montgomery. Its, extent from north to south is twenty-four miles, and from east to west about twenty miles; including an area of 450 square miles, or 288,000 acres, and, in 1830, it con- tained 7,534 inhabitants. The face of the country is generally level. There are some beautiful tracts of prairie land in the county, but the larger part is fo- rest. The timber consists of beech, sugartree, ash, walnut, poplar, buckeye, hickory, and oak, with an un- dergrowth of spice, paupaw, hazel, and redbud. . The soil, both in the prairie and forest lands, is loam with a mixture of sand. The principal water courses are Big. Rackoón, Little Rackoon, and Sugar creek, which all empty into the Wabash. On these streams are seve- ral excellent mill seats, some of which are occupied. Sugar creek and Big Rackoon are both navigable for several miles from their junction with the Wabash. : On all the water courses there is rock in great abun- dance, both lime and sandstone. It is also said that iron ore and stone coal are found in this county. The. chief staple articles, like all the counties in the west- ern part of the state, are corn, flour, beef, pork, oats, potatoes, and different kinds of live stock. Montezu-
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ma and Rockville are the principal towns. The num- ber of mills and other machines in the county propel- led by water power, is thirty-two. Rockville is the seat of justice.
PATOKA, a river which rises in the eastern border of Orange county, whence it runs a westerly course about a hundred miles, through the counties of Or- ange, Dubois, Pike, and Gibson, and empties into the Wabash about a mile below the mouth of White Ri- vér. On this river are some extensive tracts of excel- lent land.
PATOKA, a north-western township in Crawford county.
PATOKA, a township in Dubois county.
PATOKA, a township in Gibson county.
PATRIOT, a small post town in Switzerland county, on the Ohio river, about fifteen miles by land, and twenty-five by water, north-east from Vevay.
PENDLETON, a village in Madison county, it is situ- ated at the falls of Fall creek, eight miles south of An- dersontown: it has three physicians, one lawyer, two mercantile stores, and two mills in view, with an ag- gregate population of about 150 inhabitants, amongst whom are mechanics of various kinds.
PENN, an eastern township in St. Joseph county.
PERRY, a southern county bordering on the Ohio river. It was organized in 1814; and is bounded on the north by Crawford and Dubois, on the west by Spencer, on the south by the Ohio river, and on the east by the Ohio river and Crawford county. It ex- tends from north to south about twenty-six miles, and from east to west eighteen miles, including an arca of 400 square miles, or 256,000 acres. In 1830, it con- tained 3,378 inhabitants. This county contains some excellent land bordering on the river, and extending back on the creeks for some distance. These low grounds are level and the soil is a rich sandy loam, covered with the different kinds of timber usually found on the richest bottom lands; but they form but an inconsiderable portion of the county. All the high-
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er lands are very hilly and broken, and in many parts rocky ; the soil clayey and sterile. These broken and rocky lands, however, are not entirely useless; they furnish immense quarries of limestone, which is manu- factured into lime and transported in large quantities to the southern market. . From these hills also grind- stones of the best quality are procured and sent to the lower country, and a sufficient quantity can be obtain- ed here to supply the demands of the whole country. In addition to which are inexhaustible mines of iron ore, and stone coal; the latter of which has been for some years an article of trade, and has been taken in great quantities to the Orleans market. The iron ore is thought to be abundant, but has not yet been brought into use. The southern and a great part of the eastern borders of this county are washed by the Ohio river, which, with its windings, bounds the coun- ty for a distance of more than fifty miles. The interi- or streams are Anderson's creek, Bear creek, Poison creek, and Oil creek. The only towns in the county are Troy and Rome. The chief articles of trade are lime, coal, hay, corn, oats, flour, beef, pork, potatoes, and poultry. Rome is the seat of justice.
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PERRY, a township in Clay county.
PERRY, a north-western township in Lawrence county.
PERRY, a southern township in Marion county.
PERRY, a township in Martin county.
PERRY, a southern township in Monroe county,
PERRY, a township in Tippecanoe county.
PERRY, a north-western township in Wayne coun- ty.
PERRYSVILLE, a post town on the west bank of the Wabash river, thirteen miles north of Newport. It is a pleasant and flourishing village, and contains about 250 inhabitants, two stores, a tavern, a grist and saw mill propelled by steam power, and now in successful operation; and also a number of craftsmen of various trades.
PETERSBURGH, a post town and the seat of justice of
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Pike county. It is situated one mile south of White River, and three miles below the confluence of the east and west branches of that river. It stands on ele- vated ground, and is surrounded by a body of rich land in a prosperous state of cultivation. It contains about 220 inhabitants, amongst whom are two teachers, one physician, four merchants, two house joiners, one ca- binet maker, one saddler, two shoe and boot makers, three blacksmiths, one tanner, two hatters, and one inn keeper. It is a pleasant situation and has the ad- vantage of an excellent stone quarry in its vicinity, and a flattering prospect of improvement. It is about a hundred and ten miles south-west from Indianapolis. N. lat. 38 deg. 28 min. W. lon. 10 deg. 2 min.
PIGEON, a township in Vanderburgh county.
PIGEON RIVER, a large mill stream which has its source near the southern boundary of Lagrange coun- ty, and taking a north-westerly direction empties into St. Joseph's river in Elkhart county.
PIGEON ROOST FORK, a small mill stream in Scott county. It rises in Scott and runs north into Stuck- er's fork of Muscatatack.
PIKE, a south-western county on the south side of White River. It was organized in 1816; and is bound- ed on the north by Daviess and Knox, on the west by Gibson, on the south by Warrick, and on the east by Dubois. It extends from north to south about twen- ty-one miles, and from cast to west twenty-two miles; including an area of four hundred and thirty square miles, equal to 275,200 acres; and had, in 1830, a po- pulation of 2,464 souls. The face of the country is gently rolling, and all forest land. The soil in the eastern part of the county is chiefly clay and sand; in the western part it is a rich dark loam with a mixture of sand; both parts are good farming land, and when properly cultivated produce abundant crops of corn, grass, or small grain. The eastern half of the county has oak of different kinds, with some ash, gum, beech, and sugartree. The timber in the west is a mixture of walnut, poplar, ash, beech, oak, and sugartree, with 13*
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spice and hawthorn undergrowth. Good building rock is found in some parts of the county, and also abundance of stone coal of the best quality. White River washes the northern border of the county and affords to the agriculturist a convenient opening for the conveyance of his surplus produce to a foreign mar- ket. Patoka also passes from east to west near the centre of the county and is navigable at all times of high water. The Methodists, the Baptists, and Cum- berland Presbyterians, all have churches in this coun- ty. The staple products are corn, oats, whisky, beef, pork, flour, potatoes, and coal. Petersburgh is the seat of justice.
PIKE, a township in Marion county.
PIKE, a southern township in Warren county.
PINE, a northern township in Warren county.
PIPE CREEK, a mill stream which has its source in Ripley county, whence it runs in a northerly direction into Franklin, and empties into the West Fork of Whitewater on the west side.
PIPE CREEK, a mill stream which rises in the north of Madison county, and passes south-westwardly into Hamilton where it empties into White River a short distance below the county line.
PLEASANT, a north-eastern township in Johnson county.
PLEASANT, a post village in Switzerland county, twelve miles north of Vevay.
PLEASANT, a northern township in Switzerland . county, including the village of that name.
PLEASANT GARDEN, a flourishing village on the National Road, in Putnam county, about nine miles south-west from Greencastle.
PLEASANT RUN, a north-eastern township in Law- rence county.
PLEASANT RUN, a small mill stream in Marion coun- ty. It rises in the eastern part of the county, and af- ter receiving Bear creek from the south, it runs south- westwardly and falls into White River on the east side about three miles below Indianapolis.
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PLUM CREEK, a branch of White Lick. It has its source in Hendricks, whence it passes south-eastward- ly into Morgan and unites with White Lick about a mile and a half below the north line of Morgan county.
PLUM CREEK, a small mill stream in Switzerland county, running southwardly into the Ohio river.
PLUMMER, an eastern township in Greene county.
PLUMMER'S CREEK, a branch of Richland creek in Greene county.
POINT, a township in Posey county, lying on the Ohio and Wabash rivers, and extending down to their confluence. It takes its name from its position, includ- ing the point of land between the two rivers.
POISON CREEK, a small mill stream in Perry coun- ty, running southwardly into the Ohio river.
PORTAGE, a middle township in St. Joseph county.
PORTERSVILLE, a village on the south bank of White River in Dubois county. It once was the seat of jus- tice, but since the establishment of Jasper, it has been on the decline. It contains at this time about fifty inhabitants. It is about eight miles north-west of Jasper.
PORTLAND, a post town in Fountain county. It is situated on the Wabash river about seven miles north of Covington. It contains a tavern, five stores, two physicians, one preacher of the Gospel, and a number of craftsmen of various kinds; with an aggregate pop- ulation of about one hundred and fifty persons.
PORTROYAL, a village in the north-east corner of Mor- gan county. It is a beautiful situation on the east bank of White river, fourteen miles north-east from Martinsville, and sixteen miles south-west from Indi- anapolis. It is surrounded by an extensive body of rich, level land; and contains, at this time, about fifty inhabitants, and has a tavern, two stores, and several mechanics.
POSEY, an extreme south-western county, bordering on the Wabash and Ohio rivers. It was organized in 1814, and is bounded on the north by Gibson county; on the west by the Wabash river, on the south by the
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Ohio river, and on the east by Vanderburgh county. It extends from north to south about thirty-two miles, and from east to west twenty-one miles; containing about five hundred square miles, equal to 320,000 acres; and had, in 1830, 6,883 inhabitants. The Ohio river winds along the southern border of this county thirty-two miles, with its meanders, and twenty miles on a straight line; and the Wabash river, on the west, winds along the border seventy miles, making twenty- nine miles on a straight line. Its interior streams are. Big creek, Mill creek, and M'Fadden's creek. The face of the country is gently rolling, and all forest land. The timber is a mixture of beech, buckeye, ash, wal- nut, poplar, sugartree, hickory, pecon, and oak. The soil is generally a sandy loam, and produces abun- dantly. Potatoes, hemp, tobacco, grass, fruit, and all kinds of grain are successfully cultivated in this coun- ty; all which, together with beef, pork, and live stock, form the chief staples of the county. The water is generally procured from springs or brooks; but is easi- ly obtained from wells, at a depth of from fifteen to thirty feet, and generally without any obstruction from rock. Both sandstone and limestone rock are found in several places in the county, chiefly on the water courses. Also on Big creek, near the centre of the county coal is said to be abundant and of a good qua- lity. The county contains about twenty houses of worship. The prevailing denominations of christians are Methodists, and different orders of Baptists .- Mount Vernon is the seat of justice.
POSEY, a township in Clay county.
. POSEY, a northern township in Fayette county.
POSEY, a north-western township in Franklin county.
POSEY, a south-castern township in Harrison coun- ty. POSEY, a township in Rush county.
POSEY, an eastern township in Switzerland county.
POSEY, a township in Washington county. PRAIRIE, a township in Carroll county.
PRAIRIE, a township in Henry county.
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PRAIRIE, a township in Vigo county.
PRAIRIE CREEK, a small mill stream in Boon coun- ty. It rises near the centre of the county, and runs north-west through Thorntown to Sugar creek, into which it discharges itself.
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