USA > Indiana > The Indiana gazetteer, or, Topographical dictionary : containing a description of the several counties, towns, villages, settlements, roads, lakes, rivers, creeks, and springs, in the state of Indiana > Part 4
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BROWN, a north-eastern township in Hendricks county.
BROWN, a township in"Montgomery county.
BROWN, a township in Morgan county.
BROWN, a township in the south-east in Ripley county. 5
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BROWN, a township in Washington county.
BROWNSTOWN, a post town, and the seat of justice of Jackson county. It stands , on a pleasant high ground, about a mile from Driftwood, on the east side, about sixty-eight miles south of Indianapolis; N. lat. 38 deg. 49 min. W. lon. 8 deg. 50 min. It contains about two hundred inhabitants, three stores, one ta- vern, one lawyer, one doctor, and a number of mecha- nics of various crafts.
BROWNSVILLE, a post village in Union county on the state road leading from Liberty to Connersville, five miles west of Liberty. It contains about two hun- dred inhabitants, two taverns, several stores, and me- chanics of various descriptions.
BRUCEVILLE, a small village in Knox county, about eight miles north-east of Vincennes. It contains about fifty inhabitants, chiefly mechanics and their families.
BRYANT'S CREEK, a small creek which has its source in the northern part of Switzerland county, and runs south through said county to the Ohio river.
BUCK CREEK, a small creek which risos in Henry county, and runs a north-west course until it falls into White river about six miles west of Muncietown.
BUCK CREEK, a small stream in the south-west part of Green county. Its course is south-east till it is lost in the west fork of White river.
BUCK CREEK, a township in Hancock county.
BUCK CREEK, a large and valuable mill stream which rises in the eastern part of Harrison county, and after winding a southern course, it falls into the Ohio river a little below Mauksport.
BUCK CREEK, a small mill stream in Marion coun- ty, rising near the village of Cumberland, and running south-westerly into White river near the southern boundary of the county.
BULL CREEK, a creek in Clark county, which rises in the northern part of the county, and, after a short course southward, falls into the Ohio river.
BURCH CREEK, a branch of Eel river, in Clay county. It rises in the northern part of the county, and runs in
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a south-eastern direction till it empties into Eel river near to Bowlinggreen.
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BURLINGTON, a town lately laid out in Carroll coun- ty on the Michigan road, on the south side of the north fork of Wildcat, about eighteen miles south-east of Delphi, not yet inhabited.
BURLINGTON, a township in the south-eastern cor- ner of Corroll county.
BURNET'S CREEK, a small mill stream in Tippeca- noe county. It rises in the Grand prairie and winds in a southern direction through open woods and small arms of the Grand prairie, and empties into the Wa- bash on the west side, about four miles above Lafay- ette. It is of but little value as a mill stream. It de- rives its notoriety principally from the memorable bat- tle of Tippecanoe, which was fought on its banks, about a mile and a half from its mouth.
BUSSEROW, a large mill stream, the sources of which are in Vigo and Clay. It runs south-west through .i Sullivan, and empties into the Wabash in the north- west corner of Knox county.
BUSSEROW, a township in the north-west corner of Knox county.
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CABIN CREEK, a small stream in Randolph county. It rises about six miles from the southern boundary of the county, and, taking a north-western direction, it falls into White River about four miles above the line of Delaware county.
CAIN, a township in Fountain county.
CALEDONIA, a village lately established in Sullivan county, twelve miles north-east of Merom. It has yet but few inhabitants.
CAMDEN, a new town in Carroll county, six miles east of Delphi; not yet inhabited.
CAMPBELL, an eastern township in Jennings county.
CAMPBELL, a township in the north-west of War- rick county.
CAMP CREEK, a considerable mill stream, the sourc-
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es of which are in the counties of. Scottand Jeffer- son. It passes in a southerly direction through the castern part of Clark, where it falls into the Ohio riv- er about fifteen miles above Charlestown., This creek has a strong current, and affords good. mill seats, some of which are improved.
CARLISLE, a post town in Sullivan county, twelve miles south-east from Merom, and six miles from the Wabash river. It contains about three hundred in- habitants, four stores, two, taverns, a large and com- modious house for public worship, and a variety of mc- chanical establishments.
CARROLL,, an interior county, bounded on the north by Cass county and by unorganized territory, on the west by unorganized territory and by Tippecanoe coun- ty, on the south by Clinton county, and on the east by the Miami reserve. In its greatest extent, it is twenty- one miles from north to south, and about the same from east to west. It contains four hundred and fifty square miles, equal to 288,000 acres, and had, in 1830, 1,614 inhabitants. It was organized in 1828, and has been, from its formation to the present time, increasing ra- pidly in population and improvement.
-$201. The face of the country is generally level. There is a portion of the country prairie; but the larger part is forest land covered with ash, walnut, cherry, poplar, buckeye, sugartree, elm, and various kinds of oak. The Deer creek prairie is the largest tract of that de- scription in the county, and is one of the most beauti- ful prairies on the Wabash. It lies along the west bank of the Wabash, extending about three miles in length, and about a mile and a half in breadth. Con- siderable quantities of limestone are found on the sur- face, in different parts of the county ; and particular- ly in the neighbourhood of Delphi. No coal mines or ore have yet been discovered. There is a remarka- ble spring about two and a half miles north-east from Delphi. It rises in. the summit of a considerable mound, and the water is of a reddish colour, but its particular qualities are not known. The soil in Car-
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roll county generally is a black loam bedded on clay. The principal water courses are the Wabash, and its tributaries, Deer creek, Rock creek, and some of the smaller branches of Wildcat. Delphi is the seat of justice.
CARTER, a northern township in Spencer county.
CASS, an interior county, lying on the Wabash ri- ver, bounded on the north by unorganized territory, on the west by unorganized territory and by Carroll coun- ty, on the south by Carroll county and by lands in the Miami reservation, and on the east by Miami county. It extends twenty-four . miles from east to west, . and about twenty-two miles from north to south. It con- tains 460 square miles, or 294,400 acres. It was or. . ganized in 1829, and contained, in 1830, a population of 1,154 souls. : The face of the country is generally level, but in some parts, particularly near to the water courses, it is somewhat rolling, and the bluffs are ge- nerally abrupt. The soil near the rivers is a mixture of loam and sand, but the flat lands, at a distance from the rivers, are clayey. The country. abounds with limestone, and is . well supplied with springs of excel- lent water. The streams are rapid, and furnish nu- merous sites for machinery to be propelled by water power. The principal water courses are the Wabash and Eel rivers, which unite at Logansport; and the junction of these two rivers is considered the head of steam boat navigation. . At that place is the com- mencement of the contemplated Wabash and Erie ca- nal.». The county contains some forest and some prai- rie; the larger portion, however, is forest land, well set with all the varieties of timber and undergrowth" known on the Wabash generally. . The seat of justice is Logansport, which is located on the point formed by the confluence of Eel river and the Wabash. . 'The staple articles of this county are. beef, pork, corn, wheat, flour, poultry, potatoes and lumber.
CEDAR CREEK, A large and beautiful stream, which rises near to the sources of Elkhart and Eel rivers, and running eastwardly empties into the St. Joseph of
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Maumee about twelve miles north of Fort Wayne? This creek is said to be a valuable mill stream, and the land through which it runs is of superior quality .. .
CENTRE, a township in Boon county.
CENTRE, a township in Delaware county.
CENTRE, a township in Hancock county.
CENTRE, a township in Hendricks county.
CENTRE, a township in Marion county.
CENTRE, a township in Montgomery county ..
CENTRE, a township in Rush county.
CENTRE, a township in St. Joseph county.
CENTRE, a township in Union county.
CENTRE, a township in Wayne county.
CENTREVILLE, a post town and seat of justice of Wayne county. It is situated nearly in the centre of the county, on the National Road, sixty-two miles east of Indianapolis. The situation is level and healthy, and is surrounded by an extensive body of first rate farming land, and mills and machinery of various de- scriptions. It contains about three hundred inhabi- tants, two mercantile stores, three taverns, three phy- sicians, three lawyers, a printing office, and a semina -. ry, together with a large number of mechanics, of al- most all descriptions. N. lat. 39 deg. 45 min. W. Ion .. 7 deg. 46 min.
CESAR CREEK,. a south-western township in Dear- born county.
CHAMBERSBURGH, an interior village in.Fountain county, but little improved.
CHARLESTOWN, a post town, and seat of justice of Clark county, situated on a high table land between the waters of Fourteen Mile creek and those of Silver creek, about two and a half miles from M'Donnald's ferry, on the Ohio river, from which there is a direct road and well improved, to the town, twelve miles from the falls of Ohio, and one hundred and six miles south south-east of Indianapolis. It is surrounded by a bo- dy of excellent farming land, in a high state of culti- vation. Charlestown contains about eight hundred inhabitants, seven mercantile stores, one tavern, six
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lawyers, four physicians, three preachers of the gos- pel, and craftsmen of almost all descriptions. The public buildings are a court house, a jail, an office for the clerk and recorder, and a market house, all of brick; in addition to which the Episcopal Methodists, the Reformed Methodists, the Baptists, and the Pres- byterians, have meeting houses, all of brick, and an extensive brick building has lately been erected for the purpose of a county seminary. In the immediate vicinity of the town, a flouring mill and oil mill have . been recently erected, which are propelled by steam power. The situation is healthy and supplied with several springs of excellent water. There are in Charlestown, about sixty-five brick. dwelling-houses, and about a hundred of wood. There are also two carding machines, propelled by horse or ox power. N. lat. 38 deg. 23 min. W. lon. 8 deg. 23 min.
CICERO, a mill'stream, which rises in the north-west part of Hamilton county, runs south-east, and enters White river near to Noblesville.
CINCINNATUS, a small village on the Mississinewa in Randolph county, about eight miles north of Winches- ter.
CLARK, a' southern county,- bordering on the Ohio river, bounded on the north by Jefferson and Scott, on the west by Washington and Floyd, and on the south and east by the Ohio river. It extends twenty-two miles from north to south, and twenty-one miles from east to west. . It contains about four hundred square miles, or 256,000 acres, and had, in 1830, a population of 10,719 souls. The land is generally rolling ; there is very little level land in the county, and none very hilly, except the bluffs bordering on the Ohio and its tributaries. The soil is loam mixed with sand and bedded upon limestone rock; the timber consists of beech, sugartree, ash, elm, walnut, cherry, poplar, buckeye, and all the varieties of oak, hickory and gum; the undergrowth is spice, paupaw, and hazel. Abun- dance of iron ore is found in different parts of the coun- ty; copperas and alum are found in the banks of Sil-
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ver creek, and in some other places in the county; Mineral waters are also found in many places; the most noted spring of this kind is the Chalybeate spring near Jeffersonville, which has been for several years past, and still is much frequented by citizens of both this state and of Kentucky, who resort thither for health and pleasure. .
Such signs of salt water .were seen on Fourteen Mile creek, as induced some of the citizens several years ago to dig for salt water, with the intention of erecting works for the manufacturing of salt, but dis- covering that the quantity and quality of the water would. not justify the enterprise, they abandoned the design: it was said, however, that in penetrating the rock, they passed through a bed of gypsum, which may, at some future day, be made profitable. On the. same creek, and near to a valuable mill, there is a quarry of the water-limestone; and in the same neigh- borhood, a species of . marble has been discovered, which has been cut into slabs and scantling, suitable for benches, tables, sills, posts, or lintels and other ap- pendages to buildings, by a saw connected with the · mill, and propelled by water power. Mr. John Work, from Fayette county, Pennsylvania, settled on this creek in 1804, and finding a bend answering his pur- pose, he perforated a solid limestone rock 314 feet, making a horizontal race of six feet deep and five feet wide, passing through a ridge, ninety-four feet below. its summit, by which he gained a fall of twenty-seven feet. This work was performed by five men, in two. years and a half, in which they consumed 650 pounds. of gun powder .. The whole expense to the owner was about three thousand three hundred dollars. ,On this. mill seat, besides an excellent saw mill, and the mar- ble saw already mentioned, there is a merchant mill, running three pair of stones, with Evans and Ellicott's Machinery capable of manufacturing fifty barrels of flour per day .. These works are about three and a i half miles from Charlestown, and are known by the .: appellation of Industry Mills, .
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There are six steam mills in the county, a particular description of which is deemed unnecessary.
CLARK, a township in Perry county ..
CLARKSVILLE. In the year 1783, while the state of Virginia held the sovereignty of all the lands nortli- west of the river Ohio and cast of the Mississippi, the legislature of that state appropriated 149,000 acres of land, at and near to the falls of Ohio, as a bounty to the officers and soldiers who assisted in the reduction of the British posts in the Illinois; and one thousand acres to be laid off into lots, with convenient streets and public grounds, which was, by the same act, esta- blished as a town, by the name of Clarksville. This tract of a thousand acres was laid off into lots in con- formity with the act of assembly, and extends along the bank of the Ohio from the head of the falls to a point near the mouth of Silver creek, and includes an eddy, and an excellent landing below the falls.
The lower part of this town plat is a beautiful situ- ation on the bank of the Ohio river, but is subject to occasional inundation ; but the greater part of the town plat is several feet above the highest freshet.
A few enterprising adventurers commenced a set- tlement in this town, about the year 1786, which was the first settlement of white men, after that at Vin- cennes, in the district of country which now forms the state of Indiana. Those adventurers, however,. were so much exposed and harrassed, during a protracted savage war, that little progress was made in the set- tlement and improvement of the town, till other settle- ments were formed, and rival villages sprung up in different places, and drew the attention of emigrants, while Clarksville was left on the back ground. The plan of the town does not extend up the river far enough to include a harbour and landing place for boats, above the falls; any advantage, therefore, which might be calculated to accrue from the river trade, is, at least in part, intercluded by Jeffersonville. But notwithstanding the disadvantages under which this town has laboured, it possesses commercial facilities
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which must, at some period, perhaps not very distant, raise it to importance .. It contains, at this time, a po- pulation of about 200, and increasing.
CLAY, a western county, bounded on the north by Parke, on the west by Vigo and Sullivan, on the south by Greene, and on the east by Owen and Putnam. It extends sixteen miles from east to west, and thirty miles from north to south. It contains an area of 360. square miles, or 230,400 acres, and had, in 1830, a population of 1,616 souls. The water courses are Ecl river and its tributaries. The face of the country is moderately undulating.
In the south-western part of the county there are some prairies; but the larger por- tion of the county is forest land; the timber is princi- pally sugartree, beech, walnut, poplar, and the dif- ferent varieties of oak; the undergrowth chiefly spice, thorn, and paupaw. There is a variety of soil in the different parts of the county, clay and loam, with a mixture of sand in some places. Sand rock is found " sparsely scattered over the county, but no limestone yet discovered. The county was organized in 1825, and has at this time one Methodist and three Baptist churches, and one church of Newlights or Unitarians. Bowlinggreen is the seat of justice, besides which there are several small villages in the county.
CLAY, a township in Carroll county.
CLAY, a township in Cass county. .
CLAY, a western township in Decatur county. .
CLAY, a township in Morgan county.
CLAY, a southern township in Owen county.
. CLAY, a township in Pike county. CLAY, An interior township in Wayne county.
CLEAR CREEK, a mill stream in Monroe county. It- rises near Bloomington, and running south, unites with Salt creek about the southern boundary of the county.
CLEAR CREEK, a mill stream in Morgan county. It rises in the east side of the county, and running westwardly, empties into White River about half a: mile below the mouth of White Lick.
CLEAR CREEK, a good mill stream in Wayne coun-
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¿ty. It rises in the north-eastern part of the county, and taking a south course, unites with Elkhorn where they form the east fork of Whitewater.
CLIFTY, a large and beautiful stream, which rises in Rush county and winds in a south-westerly direc- tion through Decatur and part of Bartholomew coun- ties, to its junction with the Driftwood or East fork of White river below Columbus.
CLIFTY, a small creek in Jefferson county, which rises about four miles from the Ohio river, into which it falls, a short distance below Madison. This creek is conspicuous only on account of a remarkable cas- cade near its source. At that place, the water falls from a projecting rock upwards of seventy feet to its rocky bed, below which, with the adjacent cliffs, the precipitous hills, and the dark deep vale, affords a pic- turesque scene worthy of the attention of the poet or the painter.
CLINTON, an interior county, bounded on the north by Carroll county, on the east by Tippecanoe, on the south by Boon, and on the east by part of the Miami Indian reserve. Its extent, from east to west, is twen- ty-five miles, and eighteen miles from north to south. It contains 450 square miles, or 288,000 acres. It was organized in 1830, and contained, at that time, a population of 1,423 souls. In this county there is a handsome prairie, usually called the Twelve Mile prai- rie, extending from north-east to south-west about twelve miles, and, on an average, about three or four miles wide. The remainder of the county is general- ly timber land, abounding with beech, sugartree, pop- lar, ash, walnut, hickory, and oak, and an undergrowth of paupaw, spice, plumb, and hawthorn. The soil is generally a rich loam with a mixture of sand, and ex- ceedingly fertile. The chief water courses are the south fork, Kilmore's fork, and the middle fork of Wildcat. Frankfort is the seat of justice; and seve- ral other villages have been laid off in the county, but none have yet made much progress in improvements or population.
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CLINTON, a northern township in Decatur county ..
CLINTON, a southern township in Vermillion county.
CLINTON, a post village in Vermillion county. It is situated on the west side of the Wabash river, about fourteen miles south of Newport. It is a flourishing village, in which there are three mercantile stores, two taverns, a steam mill, a variety of mechanical es- tablishments, and a population of about three hundred souls.
CLOVERLANDS, a village in Clay county, 14 miles east north-east from Bowlinggreen. This village has been recently established, and has but few inhabitants.
COAL CREEK, a good mill stream, chiefly in Foun- tain county .; one branch rises in Montgomery, and passing into Fountain, unites with the other branches and falls into the Wabash near to the line dividing be- tween Fountain and Parke. This creek, in its course, waters a large body of as rich land as any in the state, and generally well timbered. There are now in op- eration on this creek twelve saw mills, five grist mills, a fulling mill, and a carding machine.
COAL CREEK, . a small . mill stream, which rises in the north-west part of Hamilton county, and running south-eastwardly, falls into White river a little below Noblesville.
COLUMBIA, a village in Fayette county, seven miles south-east of Connersville. It contains about fifty in- habitants.
COLUMBIA, a township in Dubois county.
COLUMBIA, a township in Gibson county.
COLUMBIA, a northern township in Jennings county.
COLUMBIA, a township in Martin county.
COLUMBUS, a post town and seat of justice of Bar- tholomew county. It is situated on a beautiful eleva- ted plain, on the east bank of the East Fork of White river, near the centre of the county, and surrounded by a body of land, which, in richness of soil, and in the number and quality of water courses, and the facili- ties afforded for all kinds of machinery, is not excelled by any body of land, of the same extent, in the west-
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ern country. It contains about five hundred inhabi- tants, of whom are almost all kinds of mechanics; also four physicians, three lawyers, two preachers of the gospel, five mercantile stores, two taverns, and a print- ing office from which issues a weekly newspaper. The public buildings are a brick court house, a jail, and a meeting house, open to all denominations. It is situated 42 miles, nearly south from' Indianapolis, N. lat. 39 deg. 12 min. W. lon, 8 deg. 40 min.
CONCORD, a township in the northern part of Elk- hart county.
CONNERSVILLE, a post town and seat of justice of Fayette county. It is situated on the west side of the west fork of Whitewater, near to the centre of the county : it was laid out in the year 1817 by John Con- ner, from whom it took its name. It contains about five hundred inhabitants, seven mercantile stores, one drug store, four taverns, four lawyers, four physicians, and two printing offices, besides mechanics of all kinds. It is situated about sixty miles, a little south of east from Indianapolis. N. lat. 39 deg. 36 min. W. lon. 7 deg. 54 min.
CONN'S CREEK, a small stream which rises in the northern part of Rush county, and running south-west into Shelby, unites with Big Flatrock.
CORNSTALK CREEK,, a small stream in Montgomery county, which empties into Big Rackoon near to an old Indian village, called Cornstalk, from which the creek bas its name.
CORYDON, a post town and seat of justice of Harri- son county. It is situated at the confluence of Big and Little Indian creeks. It contains about six hun- dred inhabitants, seven mercantile stores, a printing office, three physicians, two lawyers, two preachers of the gospel, and craftsmen of all descriptions. Its pub- lic buildings are a large stone court house, a jail, and one Methodist and one Presbyterian meeting house. Corydon is near to the centre of Harrison county, 110 miles south from Indianapolis. N. Jat. 38 deg. 11 min. W. lon. 8 deg. 53 min.
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COTTON, a northern township in Switzerland county. COVINGTON, a post town, and the seat of justice of Fountain county. It is situated on a beautiful emi- nence on the east bank of the Wabash river, and is surrounded by an extensive body of the richest land in the state. It was laid off in 1826, and now containg about three hundred inhabitants, and is in a flourish- ing condition. It has four mercantile stores, two ta- verns, a drug store, four lawyers, two physicians, a se- minary, a court house and jail, and a number of mecha- nics of various kinds. A state road leading from Terre-Haute to Fort Wayne passes through this place; and there is also a state road leading from this town to Crawfordsville in the county of Montgomery. The situation is dry and healthy. It is about seven- ty-three miles north-west from Indianapolis. N. lat. 40 deg. 6 min. W. lon. 10 deg. 7 min.
CRAIG, a western township in Switzerland county. CRAWFORD, a southern county bordering on the Ohio river, bounded on the north by Orange, on the west by Dubois, on the south by Perry and the Ohio river, and on the east by Harrison .; Its extent, from east to west, is twenty-two miles, and from north to south, twenty miles. It contains about 350 square miles, equal to 224,000 acres. It was organized in 1818, and had, in 1830, a population of 3,184 souls. The face of the country is hilly and broken, the soil, in many parts, lean and rocky ; in other parts, tolera- bly productive; wheat, rye, corn, tobacco, and differ- ent kinds of grass are cultivated with success. The timber consists of all the varieties usually found in the west. Limestone rock is abundant, and the county is in general well supplied with springs of excellent wa- ter. The principal streams are the Ohio and Blue Rivers, which wash the borders of the county on the south and east. There are in the county, now in ope- ration, one merchant flour mill, and five grist mills calculated for country work; besides five saw mills, a gun factory, and a carding machine, all propelled by water power, The staple articles of the county are
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