USA > Indiana > The Indiana gazetteer, or, Topographical dictionary : containing a description of the several counties, towns, villages, settlements, roads, lakes, rivers, creeks, and springs, in the state of Indiana > Part 8
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JACK'S DEFEAT, a mill stream in Monroe county. JACKSON, an interior county, bounded on the north by Bartholomew county, on the west by Monroe and Lawrence, on the south by Washington and Scott, and on the east by Jennings. It extends twenty-four miles from north to south, and about twenty-seven miles from east to west, comprehending an area of about 500 square miles, or 320,000 acres. It was organized in 1815. The face of the country is generally rolling and 0*
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in some parts hilly. The timber is chiefly beech, pop- lar, elm, sugartree, walnut, cherry, honey locust, and the different varieties of ash and oak. The under- growth is chiefly spice and paupaw. The soil is clay and loam, mixed with sand; and in some parts of the county, particularly in the forks of the river, the sand predominates; the west and north-west parts incline more to clay. The principal water courses are Drift- wood, Muscatatack, Indian creek, White Creek, and Gum creek. There are about twelve houses of wor- ship in the county, attended by different denominations of professors; there are also several valuable grist and saw mills propelled by water power, and one steam mill in the county. The staple articles are flour, corn, oats, beef, pork and live stock. In 1830, this county contained 4,891 inhabitants. Brownstown is the seat of justice.
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JACKSON, an interior township in Jackson county.
JACKSON, a western township in Bartholomew. county.
JACKSON, a township in Boon county.
JACKSON, a township in Carroll county.
JACKSON, a township in Clay county.
JACKSON, a north-eastern township in Delaware county.
JACKSON, a south-eastern township in Fayette coun- ty.
JACKSON, an eastern township in Greene county.
JACKSON, a township in Hancock county.
JACKSON, a township in Madison county.
JACKSON, a township in Martin county.
JACKSON, an eastern township in Monroe county.
JACKSON, a township in Morgan county.
JACKSON, a township in Orange county.
JACKSON, a township in Parke county.
JACKSON, a north-western township in Ripley county.
JACKSON, a township in Shelby county.
JACKSON, a northern township in Sullivan county. JACKSON, a township in Washington county.
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JACKSON, a western township in Wayne county.
JACKSONBURGH, a village in Wayne county, about seven. miles north-west from Centreville, containing about one hundred inhabitants.
JACKSON'S LICK, an establishment for the manufac- ture of salt on Salt creek, in Monroe county. It is the property of the state of Indiana, and is leased out from time to time, for a stipulated sum. The quan- tity of salt annually manufactured at this lick has been estimated at three thousand bushels, and the quantity of water obtainable, it is believed would admit of the works being enlarged to almost any extent.
JACKSONVILLE, a small village in Switzerland coun- ty about seven miles north-east from Vevay, on the Lawrenceburgh road.
JAMESTOWN, a village in Boon county eight miles south-west from Lebanon. It was established in 1830, and now contains about fifty inhabitants, one store and a blacksmith shop.
JASPER, a post town and seat of justice for Dubois county. It is situated on the north bank of Patoka, and contains about sixty inhabitants, two mercantile stores, and a number of mechanics of various kinds. It is about à hundred miles south-west from Indiana- polis. N. lat. 38 deg. 22 min. W. lon. 9 deg. 34 min.
JEFFERSON, a south-eastern county bordering on the Ohio river, bounded on the north by Ripley and Jennings counties, on the west by Jennings and Scott, on the south by Clark and the Ohio river, and on the east by Switzerland. Its greatest extent is twen- ty-four miles from north to south, and about the same distance from east to west. It contains 400 square miles, equal to 256,000 acres. This county presents a variety ofsoil and surface; the low grounds on the river and along the principal creeks, are level, with a. loamy soil mixed with sand. These low grounds are generally bounded by high precipitous hills, and in some parts with towering clifts of limestone rocks; on these hills the soil is a rich loam. The table lands are generally rolling, and the soil more clayey. The
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timber also consists of almost all the varieties found in the western country, conforming to the varieties of soil and situation. The Ohio river washes the south- ern borders of the county for a distance of twenty miles, affording great commercial advantages. The principal streams in the interior are Indian Kentucky and Big creek; the former of which is an excellent mill stream, and has on it several important and pro- fitable establishments. Jefferson county was organiz- ed in 1809, and has, from its first settlement, been ra- pidly increasing in population and improvement. The staple articles of the county are flour, corn, oats, beef, pork, lumber, and live stock. In 1830, it contained a population of 11,465 inhabitants. Madison is the seat of justice.
JEFFERSON, a township in Cass county.
JEFFERSON, a small village in Clinton county situ- ated on the border of a beautiful prairie about four miles west from Frankfort. It contains about sixty inhabitants, and two mercantile stores.
JEFFERSON, a township in Morgan county.
JEFFERSON, a western township in Owen county.
JEFFERSON, a township in Pike county.
JEFFERSON, a western township in Switzerland county.
JEFFERSONVILLE, a town on the Ohio river, in Clark county. It is a beautiful situation, on a high bank above the highest water mark, and extends from the head of the Falls up the river, so as to include a deep eddy, where boats of the largest size can approach, at all stages of the water, within cable length of the shore. From this town there is a delightful view of Louisville, and of the landing at the mouth of Beargrass. It also affords the most advantageous landing for boats de. scending the river and intending to pass the falls through the Indian schute. It is laid out on a large and liberal plan, and must, from its local advantages, become a place of great commercial importance. The State Prison is located at this place; and there are in its immediate vicinity two steam mills, a ship
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yard, an iron foundry; and in the town, there are six mercantile stores, three taverns, and a steam grist and saw mill, and numerous mechanics of all trades. It is about twelve miles south-west from Charlestown, and about one hundred and fifteen miles south of In- dianapolis. Its present population amounts to about six or seven hundred inhabitants, three of whom are physicians.
JENNINGS, an interior county, bounded on the north by Decatur and Bartholomew counties, on the west by Jackson, on the south by Scott and Jefferson, and on the cast by Jefferson and Ripley. Its greatest ex- tent from north to south is about twenty-four miles, and about twenty miles from cast to west. It includes about 400 square miles, or 256,000 acres; and had, in 1830, a population of 3,950 inhabitants. The country is in some parts level, and in some parts very hilly ; but even in the hilly parts, the soil is rich and very productive. The calcarious soil is the most prevalent in the county ; and limestone is abundant and of a good quality for building. Timber is of all varieties found in the state. Graham's Fork, and the North Fork of Muscatatack are the only water courses of note in the county, both of which are good mill streams. Jennings county was organized in 1816, and has been from that time, gradually advancing in improvement. On the several streams which meander through the county, a number of valuable mills have been erected. One mill which merits particular attention, is now in pro- gress, and unfinished. It was commenced by Colonel John Vawter, and is now owned by Alling and Bald- win, who are carrying on the improvements according to the original design. It is on the North Fork of Muscatatack, near to the town of Vernon. The seat is formed by perforating a solid limestone rock three hundred and twenty feet horizontally, and thereby forming a tunnel through the base of a hill seventy feet in height, by which means the water is conveyed under the hill, and a fall of about twenty feet is gain- ed, with the whole power of that large and excellent
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stream. By this improvement the proprietors will be enabled to carry on the manufacture of flour on the most extensive plan, and also to apply water power to any other machinery which their interest or the de- mands of the country may require. The chief staple articles of the county are corn, cats, flour, beef, pork, and live stock. Vernon is the seat of justice.
JENNINGS, a south-eastern township in Crawford county.
JENNINGS, an eastern township in Fayette county. JENNINGS, a northern township in Scott county.
JOHNSON, an interior county, bounded on the north by Marion county, on the west by Morgan, on the south by Bartholomew, and on the east by Shelby county. It extends nineteen miles from north to south, and about sixteen miles from east to west, containing an arca of about 300 square miles, or 192,000 acres. It was organized in 1822. The face of the country is level or gently rolling, and the soil a rich black loam with a mixture of sand. There are scattered over the county in many places, solitary blocks of granite rock; and some quarries of freestone have also been found. The principal water courses are Blue River, Sugar creek, and Young's creek, in the eastern part of the county; and in the west, Indian creek, Stott's creek, and Crooked creek. The population, in 1830, was 4,130 inhabitants. The timber consists chiefly of beech, poplar, walnut, ash, sugartree, elm, and vari- ous kinds of oak, and such other timber as is usually found on the richest lands in the west; with an under- growth of spice, paupaw, hawthorn, and hazel. This county is fast improving, and from the great fertility of the soil, and the facilities of navigation, it may be safely calculated that it will be ranked among the most flourishing counties in the state. Franklin is the seat of justice. There are in the county, nine houses of worship. The prevailing denominations of chris- tians are Baptists, Methodists and Presbyterians,
JOHNSON, a township in Gibson county. .
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JOHNSON, a township in the southern section of Knox county.
JOHNSON, a centre township in Ripley county.
JOHNSON'S FORK, a mill stream in Franklin county. It has its source in the south-east corner of the coun- ty, and runs south into Dearborn county, and falls into Whitewater two miles north of Harrison.
JORDAN, a mill stream in Clay county. It has its source in Owen county, and taking a western direc- tion passes into Clay, and falls into Eel river, near the centre of the county.
KANKAKEE, a river in the north-western section of the state. It rises in La Porte and St. Joseph coun- ties, and taking a westerly course, enters the state of Illinois, and unites with the Illinois river in that state.
KELso, a township in Dearborn county.
KILLBUCK, a mill stream in Madison county. It rises near the eastern boundary of the county, and taking a south-western course, empties into White Ri- ver about a mile and a half below Andersontown.
KILMORE'S FORK, a branch of Wildcat creek, in Clinton county. It rises in the Miami reservation and passing north-westwardly through Clinton, where it unites with other branches of the same creek, it winds its way through Carroll county to the Wabash river.
KIMBERLIN'S FORK, a branch of Muscatatack, in Scott county. It rises in the county, and uniting with Stucker's fork, runs westwardly to Muscatatack.
KNIGHTSTOWN, a village in Henry county. It is located on a high bluff on the west side of Blue river, on the National Road, about ten miles south of New- castle. It has but a small population at present ; but is fast rising to importance.
KNOB CREEK, a small creek which rises in the knobs in the western section of Floyd county, and runs a southern course into the Ohio river.
KNOX, a western county bordering on the Wabash river, bounded on the north by Greene and Sullivan
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counties, on the west by the Wabash river, on the south by White River, and on the east by the West Fork of White River. It extends twenty-seven miles from north to south, and twenty-one miles from east to west, and contains an area of about 540 square miles, or 345,600 acres. It was organized in 1802. The larger part of the county is forest land ; but there are some tracts of prairie, chiefly along the river. The timber on the forest lands consists of beech, su- gartree, walnut, poplar, honey locust, ash, and the varieties of oak; with an undergrowth of Plumb, haw; thorn, paupaw, and spice .. The soil is a very rich loam with a large proportion of sand. The prairie lands are exceedingly rich and fertile, and a great part of the woodland, when reduced to cultivation, is also very productive. Some of the high grounds have too great a proportion of sand., The Wabash river washes the western border of the county; White Ri- ver flows along its southern border, and the West Fork on the east. The only streams of any note in the interior, are Maria, and Duchain. This county is the oldest settlement in the state, and presents an appearance of wealth and improvement beyond those parts more recently settled. There are in this coun- ty, several monuments of ancient population, such as mounds and forts, evidently the product of human la- bour, some of which are in the vicinity of Vincennes, and which have been already noticed. The chief ar- ticles of trade are corn, flour, oats, fruit, beef, pork, lard, potatoes, and various kinds of live stock, which are annually transported in large quantities to the south for sale or barter. In 1830 this county contain- ed 6,557 inhabitants. Vincennes is the seat of jus- tice.
LACONIA, a village in Harrison county, fourteen miles south of Corydon. It contains about a hun- dred inhabitants, a store, two physicians, and one law- yer. It also contains a horse mill, a steam saw mill and
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a variety of mechanical establishments. It is situat- ed about two and a half miles from the Ohio river.
' LAFAYETTE, a township in Floyd county.
LAFAYETTE, a flourishing post town, and seat of justice of Tippecanoe county. It is situated nearly in the centre of the county, on the east bank of the Wabash river, ten miles below the mouth of Tippe- canoe river. The situation is very pleasant, and af- fords a beautiful view of the Wabash, three miles above and two below the town. It is sufficiently cle- vated to prevent inundation, and low enough to ren- der access to the river quite convenient. The ground ascends gradually for the distance of about three hundred yards from the river; it then descends a little, and again swells into a handsome eminence on the cast side of the town, on which fancy may place, in anticipation, the habitation of future wealth and lux- ury. Lafayette is surrounded by an extensive body of land, which is not excelled in beauty and fertility by any lands in the western country, and is supplied with streams of water affording sites for all kinds of machinery to be propelled by water power. The pre- sent population of the town is estimated at from twelve to thirteen hundred souls; amongst whom are eleven merchants, five tavern keepers, eight lawyers, seven physicians, and a large number of mechanics of al- most all trades. This town is about sixty miles north- west from Indianapolis. N. lat. 40 deg. 22 min. W. lon. 9 deg. 37 min.
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LAGRANGE, a northern county bounded on the north by the Michigan territory, on the west by Elk- hart county, and on the south and east by unorganiz- ed territory. It extends from north to south about sixteen miles, and from east to west twenty-four miles; including an area of about 380 square miles, or 243- 200 acres. It was organized in 1832, with a very sparse population, which, however, is rapidly increas- ing, but the number of inhabitants is not known. The face of the country is gently rolling. The northern part of the county abounds with prairie; the south is
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chiefly forest. The chief timber is beech, sugartree, walnut, ash, oak and elm, with an undergrowth of spice, plum, hawthorn, and hazel. The soil is sand and loam, The principal streams are Pigeon river and Crooked river. The seat of justice is not yet es- tablished. .
LAGRANGE, a village in Tippecanoe county, twelve miles south-west from Lafayette. It contains about a hundred inhabitants.
LAKE DRAIN, a sheet of water in Spencer county. There is an outlet from the east end of this lake which falls into the Ohio river, and the west end discharges itself into Little Pigeon, The waters of the Ohio ri- ver at a high stage, pass through this lake from twelve to fifteen miles with its meanders, from the eastern outlet to Little Pigeon, and with it into the Ohio again.
LAMB'S CREEK, a small stream which rises in the northern section of Morgan county, and falls into, White River, on the west side, about three miles be- low Martinsville.
LANCASTER, a northern township in Jefferson coun. ty,
LANCASTER, a small village in Wayne county, about seven miles south-east from Centreville, contain- ing about twenty inhabitants.
LANESVILLE, a village in Harrison county, about nine miles east from Corydon. It contains about sev- enty-five inhabitants, two mercantile stores, a tavern, a carding machine, a physician, a Methodist meeting house, and several mechanics.
LA PORTE, a north-western county, bounded on the north by the Michigan territory, on the west by Lake Michigan and a tract of unorganized territory, on the south by unorganized territory, and on the east by St. Joseph county. It was organized in 1832, and ex- tends about twenty miles from north to south, and twenty-one miles from east to west; comprehending about 420 square miles, equal to 268,800 acres. This county has but a sparse population, but has a prospect
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of rapid increase. A land office has been recently es- tablished here, and as soon as the lands in the late purchase shall have been brought into market, there is no doubt but the beauty and richness of the coun- try and fertility of the soil, together with the com- mercial advantages of the situation will invite a rapid cmigration to this part of the state. The country is gently undulating, and abounds with rich prairies in- terspersed with groves of timber and lakes of clear water. The soil is a mixture of sand and loam and very productive. The principal water courses are the Kankakee river, which passes westwardly into Il- linois; and Galena river and Trail creek which run in- to Lake Michigan. The town of La Porte is the seat of justice.
LA PORTE, a flourishing post town and seat of jus- tice of La Porte county. It is situated on the south- eastern shore of Harris's lake, in the Door prairie, twelve miles from the mouth of Trail creek. It is sur- rounded by an extensive body of rich land, beautiful- ly diversified with prairies, lakes and groves. This town has been but recently established, and contains at this time about fifty or sixty inhabitants. A land office is located at this place, and will go into opera- tion early in the ensuing fall, for the disposal of the lands in this section of the state. It is situated about one hundred and thirty-five miles north-west from In- dianapolis. N. lat. 41 deg. 33 min. W. lon. 9 deg. 30 min.
LARRAMIE, a south-eastern township in Tippeca- noe county.
LATTA'S CREEK, a small stream in Greene county running into White river.
LAUGHERY, a large and valuable mill stream, which rises in the north part of Decatur county, and taking a south-easterly direction through Ripley, it enters Dearborn, and then turns eastward and falls into the Ohio river about three miles below Aurora.
LAWRENCE, an interior county, bounded on the marth by Monroe county, on the west by Greene and
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Martin, on the south by Orange, and on the cast by' Washington and Jackson counties. It was organiz- ed in 1818; and extends from north to south about twenty two miles, and from east to west, twenty-one miles; including an area of about 460 square miles; or 294,400 acres; and had, in 1830, a population of 9,- 237 persons. There are some level lands in this coun- ty; but the face of the country generally is hilly. The forest trees are chiefly sugartree, walnut, beech, poplar, ash, hackberry, buckeye, hickory, and oak; and the undergrowth chiefly spice and paupaw. The soil on the water courses is sandy; at a distance from the streams it is a rich loam, and in some places clayey. The county abounds with limestone, and is well sup- plied with springs of excellent water. . The East Fork of White River winds in a western direction through this county, and is navigable for steam boats, general- ly during the. spring season. The principal mill streams are Salt creek, Indian creek, Guthrie's creek, Beaver creek, and Leatherwood.
The staple articles are cattle, horses, mules, corn, flour, beef, and pork. A number of valuable mills are already in operation in the county, and many good sites not yet occupied. Bedford is the seat of justice.
LAWRENCE, a north-eastern township in Marion county.
# LAWRENCEBURGH, a post town, and the seat of jus- tice of Dearborn county. It is situated in an cxten- sive rich bottom, on the bank of the Ohio river, two miles below the mouth of the Great Miami river. It contains about a thousand inhabitants, nine mercan- tile stores, one drug store, three taverns, eight law- yers, four physicians, three schools, two brick church- es, a brick court house, a stone jail, a market house, and two printing offices, each of which issues a weekly newspaper. It is distant from the city of Cincinnati, in the state of Ohio, twenty-two miles, and eighty-six miles south-east from Indianapolis. N. lat. 39 deg. 5 min. W. lon. 7 deg. 35 min.
, LEATHERWOOD, an excellent mill stream, which ris-
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es near to the north-east corner of Lawrence county, and taking a south-west course, falls into the East Fork of White River, on the north side, near to the centre of the county.
LEATHERWOOD, a branch of Big Rackoon. It rises in the north-east part of Parke county and runs south- westwardly into the main stream a little below Little Rackoon.
LEBANON, a village laid out on Deer creek, oppo- site to Delphi, in Carroll county ; not yet inhabited.
LEBANON, a small village in Bartholomew county, about fifteen miles east from Columbus.
LEBANON, a post town and seat of justice of Boon county. It was established in 1832, and has not yet made much progress in improvement or population. The number of inhabitants is not exactly known; per- haps it does not exceed a hundred.
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LEBANON, a village recently laid off in Sullivan county, four miles east from Merom.
LEBANON, a village in Warren county, about five miles south-west from Williamsport. It contains a store, and several mechanics' shops, with a population of forty or fifty persons.
LEESVILLE, a village in Lawrence county, about thir- teen miles east of Bedford. It is surrounded by a ve- ry rich tract of country, and contains three mercan- tile stores, two taverns, and several mechanics; with a population of about one hundred and fifty persons.
LEVENWORTH, a town in Crawford county, situated on the bank of the Ohio river about three fourths of a mile below the mouth of Blue River, and about three miles east from Fredonia. It is pleasantly and con- veniently situated for business, affording an advanta- geous landing for boats. It contains seven stores, a physician, an academy, a common school, and a brick meeting house, with a population of about two hun- dred inhabitants, amongst whom are mechanics of va- rious trades.
LEXINGTON, a post town, and the seat of justice of Scott county. The situation of this town is pleasant,
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but the land in its immediate neighbourhood is not so rich as in some other parts of the state, and the town for some years past has not increased very rapidly. It contains about two hundred inhabitants, three mer- cantile stores, one tavern, and a number of mechanics. It is about eighty miles south south-east from Indian- apolis. N. lat. 38 deg. 34 min. W. lon. 8 deg. 25 min.
LEXINGTON, a township lying north-east in Scott county.
LIBERTY, a township lying east, in Delaware county. LIBERTY, a township lying south in Hendricks coun- ty.
LIBERTY, a township in Henry county.
LIBERTY, a small village in Lawrence county, situ- ' ated on the west bank of White River, half a mile be- low the mouth of Salt creek, and about five miles south- west from Bedford.
LIBERTY, a township in Parke county.
LIBERTY, a township in Shelby county.
LIBERTY, a western township in Union county.
. LIBERTY, a post town, and the seat of justice of Union county. It is situated nearly in the centre of the county, and contains sixty frame and thirteen brick houses, besides a handsome brick court house, a county seminary, and four mercantile houses employ- ing a large capital, two taverns, one preacher of the gospel, four lawyers, four physicians, and a steam saw mill; together with a population of about five hun- dred inhabitants, amongst whom are mechanics of al- most all kinds. It is about seventy miles east of In. dianapolis. N. lat. 39 deg. 35 min. W. lon. 8 deg. 40 min.
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