USA > Kansas > A standard history of Kansas and Kansans, Volume II > Part 30
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SECOND REGIMENT KANSAS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY
The Second Kansas Cavalry was evolved through various regimen- tal changes. It had its beginning in the authority granted Alson C. Davis by Maj. Gen. Fremont to raise a regiment in Kansas. This authority was given in October, 1861. The regiment was designated the Twelfth Kansas Volunteers and the rendezvous was appointed at Fort Leavenworth.
The organization, commenced November 8th, consisted in mustering into the United States Service the following officers: Cyrus L. Gorton of Leavenworth, Adjutant; Julius G. Fisk of Wyandotte, Quarter-
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master; Dr. J. B. Welborne, Wyandotte, Surgeon. Five companies were organized between November 22nd and December 15th, 1861. On December 26th, by order of Governor Robinson, four companies of Nugent's Regiment of Missouri Home Guards were attached to the newly organized regiment and its designation changed from the Twelfth to the Ninth Kansas Volunteers. These last four companies raised for home service, had been organized that fall in Douglas, Johnson and Miami counties, and were under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Mewhinney of Douglas county. They had temporarily attached them- selves to Nugent's regiment, and their term of enlistment would expire February 4th, 1862.
The organization of the Ninth Kansas, with ten squadrons, was com- pleted on the 9th of January, when the Field and Staff consisted of the following officers :
Colonel Alson C. Davis, Wyandotte; Lieutenant-Colonel Owen A. Bassett, Lawrence; Major Julius G. Fisk, Quindaro; Adjutant Cyrus L. Gorton, Leavenworth; Quartermaster, Luther H. Wood, Kansas City, Mo .; Surgeon Joseph P. Root, Wyandotte; Chaplain Charles Reynolds, Fort Riley.
The regiment on January 20th, 1862, moved to Quindaro to go into winter camp and begin steady drilling. On the 4th of Febru- ary the four companies of Home Guards were mustered out, reducing the regiment to six squadrons. On February 28th, Maj. Gen. Hunter, commanding the Department of Kansas, assigned to the Ninth three companies formerly belonging to the Second Kansas Volunteer Infan- try and now reorganized for three years' service, also two companies formerly belonging to the Eighth Kansas Volunteers and one com- pany which had been part of the Third Kansas. The last three com- panies were a part of the Ninth for a few weeks only, in March they were transferred to another regiment.
All these changes brought about a change in the Field and Staff, which now was made up of the following : Robert B. Mitehell, Colonel, Mansfield; Owen A. Bassett, Lieutenant-Colonel, Lawrence; Charles W. Blair, Major, Fort Scott; John Pratt, Adjutant, Lawrence; David R. Coleman, Battalion Adjutant, Paris; Cyrus L. Gorton, Quartermas- ter, Leavenworth; Joseph P. Root, Surgeon, Wyandotte; Charles Rey- nolds, Chaplain, Fort Riley.
The regiment was ordered from Quindaro to Shawneetown March 12th, and on the 15th its name was changed to the Second Kansas Vol- unteers, and ehanged again, March 27th, to the Second Kansas Cav- alry, this designation was retained throughout its service.
The Second left Shawneetown April 20th, having been ordered to report at Fort Riley where it was to join the New Mexico expedition. The regiment remained at this post until June 9th, when it was ordered to join the Indian Expedition then concentrating at Humboldt. In the meantime detachments from the Second had been ordered to various points, so that as a regiment the Second was to see little service together. Two squadrons were left in Kansas for garrison duty, two
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were sent into Colorado, and several officers and men had been detached and ordered on battery service with a brigade in Tennessee. There- fore it is possible to outline only the service of this cavalry regiment.
At the close of the Indian Expedition, which took the Second to Park IIill, Cherokee Nation, the regiment returned to Fort Scott. From there they went into Missouri in pursuit of raiders, and from that time were used to guard supplies, to hold posts and as a scouting foree, serving most in Missouri and Arkansas. They participated in innumerable skirmishes and many battles, seeing mueh hard fighting. The principal engagements in which they took part were Newtonia, Old Fort Wayne, Cane Hill, Prairie Grove and Cabin Creek.
The companies of the Second regiment were mustered out in 1865 at irregular intervals, following their terms of enlistment, the last being four companies at Fort Gibson, on June 22nd.
THIRD AND FOURTH KANSAS VOLUNTEER REGIMENTS
The following history of the Third and Fourth Kansas Volunteer regiments is taken from the Thirteenth Biennial report of the Adju- tant-General of Kansas. It explains the apparent irregularity in the numbering of the Kansas regiments, and gives an excellent aecount of the authority, and the conditions under which these regiments were raised.
When the Civil war began, in 1861, Kansas had just been admitted to the Union as a State, and the newly organized State government was scareely in running order when it became necessary to raise troops to defend the border and respond to the requisition of the President for volunteers. However, two regiments were quickly placed in the field- the First and Seeond Kansas Infantry Regiments, whose bravery and heroism at the battle of Wilson Creek have given unfading luster to the name of Kansas. Both of these regiments were ordered out of the State as soon as organized. Had the State government been permitted to con- trol the organization of the two succeeding regiments mueh confusion would have been avoided, and more systematie records would have been left of the organizations originally designated the Third and Fourth Kansas Volunteers. Senator James H. Lane, however, was commissioned a brigadier general of volunteers, and came to Kansas from Washington with a roving commission to raise regiments of volunteers. He proceeded in accordance with his own will, in a great measure independent of the State government, to raise troops; the Third and Fourth Kansas Volun- teers were raised under his authority. These two regiments, together with the Fifth Kansas Cavalry, organized about the same time, consti- tuted what was then known as "Lane's Brigade."
Elementary ideas of military organization seemed to prevail at the time the Third and Fourth Kansas regiments were organized, as they were regiments of mixed arms, mainly infantry, but each regiment possessing cavalry and artillery companies. The Fifth regiment was purely cavalry.
When the battle of Wilson Creek was fought (August 10, 1861) seareely a battalion of these organizations had been recruited. but, expeet- ing that Price and McCulloch would immediately follow their dearly bought victory by an invasion of Kansas, enlistments beeame rapid, and
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in a short time about 2,500 men had been enrolled. By the presence of these newly organized troops along the Missouri border Kansas was saved from rebel invasion when Price moved north to the capture of Lexington. While not constituting a very imposing army, Price had recently had a specimen of Kansas fighting at Wilson Creek, and the presence of these Kansas regiments along the state line suggested a delay that he could ill afford to risk in his desire to reach the Missouri river before General Fremont could throw an opposing army in his way.
The Third and Fourth Kansas volunteer regiments were neither at any time complete organizations, and after the danger of an invasion by Price had passed recruiting for these organizations became very slow ; the regiments being organized under state authority were securing most of the new enlistments. The new organizations presented more promising possibilities for position or promotion, and, beside, were cavalry regi- ments, and the experienced horsemen of the West preferred to ride when an opportunity to do so was at hand.
In the spring of 1862 the War Department ordered the reorganiza- tion and consolidation of the Third and Fourth Kansas regiments. This was done, the infantry companies forming a new regiment, thereafter known as the Tenth Kansas Volunteer Infantry. It would have been very proper to have designated the new consolidation as either the Third or Fourth Kansas Volunteers, instead of the Tenth, but both regiments thought their regimental designation the one to adopt, and to settle the eontention the next vacant number was assigned to the reorganization. The cavalry companies were transferred to the Fifth, Sixth and Ninth Kansas Cavalry regiments, and the artillery companies were consolidated into the First Kansas Battery.
As the Third and Fourth Kansas were original and distinct organiza- tions, and performed brave and faithful service for eight months or more as sneh, it seems proper that a record should be made of them as distinctive regiments, and the individual records of the men recorded. Their service was rendered forty years ago; it is a tardy justice, and but few of the men recorded live to know that a place has been given them in the records of the civil-war regiments of Kansas.
The records as relates to the date of consolidation of the reorganized companies of the Third and Fourth Kansas are not absolutely certain. The consolidation was made in accordance with a letter of instruction, Department of Kansas, dated February 20, 1862. The consolidation was effeeted April 3, 1862. The cavalry companies were transferred about the same time.
The artillery companies were consolidated by authority of Special Orders No. 42, District of Kansas, dated April 24, 1862. The organiza- tion of the consolidated battery (First Kansas Battery) was effected about June 1, 1862.
The Third Regiment had for its Field and Staff, James Montgom- ery, Mound City, Colonel; James G. Blunt, Mount Gilead, Lieutenant- Colonel ; Henry II. Williams, Osawatomie, Major; Casimio B. Zularsky, Boston, Mass., Adjutant; John G. ITaskell, Lawrence, Quartermaster ; Albert Newman, Surgeon ; II. H. Moore, Chaplain.
The Field and Staff of the Fourth Regiment consisted of the fol- lowing: William Weer. Wyandotte, Colonel: John T. Burris, Olathe, Lieutenant-Colonel ; Otis B. Gunn, Atchison. Major; James A. Phil- lips, Adjutant ; A. Larzalere, Quartermaster ; John W. Scott, Iola, Sur- geon ; Reeder M. Fish, Chaplain.
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FIFTH REGIMENT KANSAS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY
The organization of the Fifth Kansas Cavalry was begun in July, 1861, with the following officers as members of its Field and Staff : Colonel, Hampton P. Johnson, Leavenworth ; Lieutenant-Colonel, John Ritchie, Topeka; Major, James H. Summers; Adjutant, Stephen R. Ilarrington, Washington, D. C .; Quartermaster, James Davis, Leaven- worth; Surgeon, E. B. Johnson, Leavenworth; Chaplain, Hugh D. Fisher, Lawrence.
The active service of this regiment began on July 17th, when a detachment of two companies left Fort Leavenworth for Kansas City to form part of an expedition to Harrisonville, Mo. Following this, the detachment moved to Fort Scott where it joined the regiment, with Col. Johnson in command. From Fort Scott it did scouting duty. Its first battle was Drywood, September 2nd, 1861; and in its second engagement, where it attacked a rebel regiment at Morristown, Colonel Johnson was killed.
The Fifth was used in continuous scouting duty during the fall, and went into winter quarters at Camp Denver near Barnesville, Kan- sas. Ilere Lieutenant-Colonel Powell Clayton assumed command, find- ing a regiment of good fighters, but poorly equipped and poorly drilled. About the middle of March he moved the regiment to camp ground south of Fort Scott where the time was spent in drilling and perfect- ing the organization. From that camp the Fifth started upon its career, regarded as second to no regiment that Kansas sent into the field.
This regiment saw hard service scouting through Missouri and Arkansas. Detachments from it acted as escort to supply trains, and did duty in pursuit of raiders. Every service that a scouting regi- ment could do the Fifth was called upon to perform. It was not its Inek to be in any big engagements, but its success in sorties upon guer- rilla bands was of the kind that carried terror to the hearts of the marauders. It is impossible to give a record here of its many skir- mishes and encounters with the enemy. Every regiment that did scout duty saw hard service and great privation, and the story of the Fifth Kansas differs in no way from that of other scouting regiments. Its chief engagements were at Carthage, Morristown, Lexington, Little Blue, Big Blue, and Newtonia, all in Missouri.
During September, 1864, several companies of the regiment were mustered out, their term of service having expired. The re-enlisted veterans of the Fifth were mustered out at Duvall's Bluff, Ark., Jne 22, 1865.
SIXTH REGIMENT KANSAS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY
The organization of the Sixth Cavalry began in July, 1861, when W. C. Ransom and others from Fort Scott visited General Lyon, then in command of the Military Department of the West, and asked author-
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ity to raise troops for home defense. The southeast portion of the state was an exposed quarter and entirely unprotected from invasion. Upon the representations of these citizens of Fort Scott Gen. Lyon granted permission to raise three companies of infantry to be stationed at that place. The companies were quickly recruited and put under the com- mand of Major W. R. Judson. They proved inadequate for the protection of the border and Major Prince, the commandant at Fort Leavenworth, was appealed to for authority to raise more troops. This was granted on August 12th, and five more companies were speedily organized and mustered into the United States service for three years.
Having eight companies fully organized, measures were at onee taken to form a regimental organization. Accordingly on the 9th of September an election for Field Officers resulted in the following :
Colonel, William R. Judson; Lientenant-Colonel, Lewis R. Jewell ; Major, William T. Campbell; Adjutant, Charles O. Judson; Quarter- master, George G. Clark; Surgeon, John S. Redfield.
After the organization was accomplished two more companies were recruited and added to the strength of the regiment, which then con- sisted of three infantry and four cavalry companies. These were kept continually busy at garrison duty and in scouting the country wateh- ing the movements of the enemy.
In the spring of 1862 the "Home Guards" were mustered out of service and on March 27th orders were issued to reorganize the Sixth as a cavalry regiment. This was effeeted with but slight change in the Field and Staff. Isaac Stadden succeeded C. O. Judson as Adjutant ; Simeon B. Gordon sneeeeded C. G. Clark as Quartermaster, and Rich- ard Duvall was made Chaplain.
Upon its reorganization detachments from the Sixth were stationed along the eastern border of Kansas, with headquarters at Paola. They were employed in breaking up the bands of guerrillas making forays into the state. In July they formed part of an expedition into the Cherokee Nation and from that date were on the move constantly in pursuit of various Confederate forees. The regiment took part in the battle of Cane Hill, where Lieutenant-Colonel Jewell was killed; and also was in the engagement at Prairie Grove, immediately following. Afterward the Sixth moved with Gen. Blunt on his Van Buren expe- dition, following which they were ordered to Missouri where they went into winter eamp.
The Sixth not being up to regulations as to size, three more com- panies were recruited. In June, 1863, the regiment marched with Gen. Blunt into the Cherokee Nation, and later moved into Arkansas, where it did almost continuous duty until its term of enlistment expired. Andreas says of this regiment, "The duties required of the Sixth were not such as eall forth the impetuous daring and unyielding bravery that come to men in brilliant and desperate engagements, but rather those that test a soldier's endurance and strength of nerve-weary, harassing pursuits of an enemy over a country of which he knows every by-way and hidden path; seouting through forests and moun-
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tain passes exposed to the bullet of the secret and stealthy foe; and all without the excitement of any brilliant victory or expec- tation of great renown."
The battles in which the regiment bore its part were, Morristown, Newtonia, Old Fort Wayne, Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, Honey Springs, Prairie D'Ane, Poison Springs, and Jenkins Ferry. Part of the Sixth was mustered out at Fort Leavenworth in December, 1864, and the remainder at Duvalls Bluff, Ark., July 18, 1865.
SEVENTH REGIMENT KANSAS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY
The Seventh Kansas Cavalry was organized October 28, 1861, and mustered into service at Fort Leavenworth. The following were the officers of the Field and Staff :
Charles R. Jennison, Colonel, Leavenworth; Daniel R. Anthony, Lieutenant-Colonel, Leavenworth; Thomas P. Herrick, Major, High- land; John T. Snoddy, Adjutant, Mound City ; Robert W. Hamer, Quar- termaster, Leavenworth; Joseph L. Weaver, Surgeon, Leavenworth ; Samuel Ayres, Chaplain, Leavenworth.
Immediately after its organization the Seventh was ordered into active service, being sent to Missouri. Here it served during the fall and winter of 1861 and 1862, taking part in many skirmishes. The last of January the regiment moved to Humboldt, Kansas, where it remained until March 25th, when it was ordered to Lawrence. From there it was ordered to report at Fort Riley for an expedition into New Mexico. This order was countermanded and the regiment was sent south, embarking on transports at Leavenworth, May 27-28, 1862; it disembarked at Colum- bus, Ky., and was used from there in escort duty for repair gangs on the Ohio & Mobile Railroad. The regiment reached Corinth, Miss., and from that point moved on to Rienzi, where it arrived July 23, 1862. There it was assigned to the First Cavalry Brigade under the command of Col. Philip H. Sheridan, remaining at the post until it was evacuated, Sep- tember 30, 1862. During the stay of the Seventh at Rienzi the men were in the saddle almost constantly and were engaged in several severe skirmishes. Two squadrons of the Seventh were in the battle of Iuka, and in the retreat of the rebels following that engagement, the Kansas regi- ment had the advance.
From Rienzi the regiment returned to Corinth, and moved on to Grand Junction where it joined Grant's army, concentrating for the Mississippi expedition. Following this expedition the Seventh was or- dered to Tennessee, December 31st. During the remainder of the winter it was employed in guarding a portion of the Memphis & Charleston rail- road. In April it moved south, the objective being Bear Creek, Ala., where it was to join the forces of Col. G. M. Dodge. The Seventh was con- tinually on the move through the spring and summer, doing much heavy fighting; in an encounter with Forrest's command at Byhalia, the Kan- sas regiment distinguished itself for dash and valor.
The term of service for the Seventh was completed while the regiment
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was at La Grange, Tenn., but four-fifths of the men re-enlisted as veteran volunteers and were mustered in at Memphis, January 21, 1864. From that point they were sent to Leavenworth on furlough of thirty days. Following this the regiment was re-equipped at St. Louis and returned to Memphis, where it was again engaged in escort duty for repair work- ers on the Memphis & Charleston railroad. Early in July it took the advance in the progress of Gen. A. J. Smith's infantry force into Missis- sippi, and later acted as rear guard for the same foree. On this expedition heavy fighting was encountered, at its elose the regiment returned to Memphis and thence to St. Louis, reporting to General Roseerans Sep- tember 17, 1864. During the winter it was used in seouting expeditions and guard duty, and remained in the St. Louis Distriet until July, 1865, when on the 18th, it was ordered to Omaha, Neb. From that point it was moved to Fort Kearney and from there returned to Fort Leavenworth, where on September 29, 1865, it was mustered ont.
The principal battles in which the Seventh took part were Little Blue, Mo .; Independenee: Lamar and Holly Springs, Miss .; Tupelo; Iuka : Memphis, Tuscumbia and Florence, Ala .; and Corinth, Miss.
EIGHTH KANSAS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
In July, 1861, Governor Robinson received an order authorizing the recruiting of the Eighth Kansas Regiment. The organization was begun in August. It was originally intended that this regiment should be recruited for service within the State and along the border. At this time Kansas was beset on three sides, hostile Indians on the west and sonth, and Missouri, over-run with rebel hordes, as great a menace on the east. Like many of the Kansas regiments the Eighth as first organized was a mixed body of troops, six infantry and two cavalry companies. The regimental officers under the first organization were : Colonel, HIenry W. Wessels, U. S. A .; Lieutenant-Colonel, John A. Martin, Atchison ; Major, Edward F. Schneider; Adjutant, S. C. Russell; Quartermaster, E. P. Baneroft. Within the three months following this organization there occurred many changes in the regiment. Colonel Wessels was ordered to the command of his own regiment in the regular army; the cavalry companies were transferred to another regiment and the Eighth hecame an infantry organization with Field and Staff as follows:
FIELD AND STAFF
Names and rank Date of muster Remarks
Colonel
Henry W. Wessels
Pro. from Maj. 6th U. S. Inf .; ordered to rejoin his eom. in the U. S. A. per G. O. No. 4. W. D., series of '62.
Robert H. Graham Dis. Jan. 27, '62, to date Nov. 11, '62; died near St. Louis, Nov. 11, '62.
John A. Martin. . . Nov. 1, '62. . . Mus. out Nov. 15, '64.
Vol. II-19
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Names and rank Date of muster Remarks
Lieut. Colonel
John A. Martin. . .. Oet. 27, '61. .. Pro. Col. Nov. 1, '62.
James L. Abernathy. .. Nov. 1, '62 ... Res. Nov. 8, '63.
Edward F. Schneider. . Dec. 21, '63. .. Res. June 11, '64.
James M. Graham ..... June 26, '64. .. Res. Sep. 23, '64, Atlanta, Ga.
John Conover Oct. 21, '64. .. Mus. out with reg. Nov. 28, '65.
Major.
Edward F. Schneider. . Sep. 17, '61 ... Pro. Lieut. Col. Dec. 21, '63.
James M. Graham. Dec. 21, '63 ... Pro. Lieut. Col. June 26, '64.
John Conover Aug. 23, '64. .. Pro. Lieut. Col. Oct. 21, '64.
Henry C. Austin. Nov. 16, '64. .. Mus. out with reg. Nov. 28, '65. Adjutant.
Sheldon C. Russell. Oet. 23, '61. . . Res. Nov. 15, '62.
James E. Love. . Nov. 17, '62. . . Pro. Capt. Co. K, July 16, '63.
Solomon R. Washer. July 31, '63. . . Mus. out with reg. Nov. 28, '65; wounded in action Sept. 19, '63, Chickamauga, Ga.
Quartermaster
E. P. Bancroft. Oct. 22, '61 ... Pro. Maj. 9th K. V. C., Apr. 1, '62.
Benjamin B. Joslin Mus. out Feb. 28, '62, date of consolidation.
Alfred Robinson Apr. 2, '62. .. Absent without leave; name dropped from the rolls after three years' service ; supposed to have been mustered out.
Adam Cosner Sep. 1, '64. . . Mus. out with reg. Nov. 28, '65. Surgeon J. B. Woodward. Oct. 4, '61. .. Trans. to 9th K. V. C. Feb. 28, '62.
Oliver Chamberlain Dec. 10, '61. .. Res. Sep. 22, '64.
Nathaniel C. Clark .. . Nov. 14, '64. . . Mus. out with reg. Nov. 28, '65. Asst. Surg.
George W. Hogeboom. . Oet. 23, '61. .: Pro. Surgeon 11th K. Vols .;
Sep. 25, '62.
John Butterhaugh .Nov. 9, '62. .. Res. Mar. 4, '64.
Samuel E. Beach May 25, '63. .. Died of Disease, Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 4, '63. Edwin J. Taleott May 1, '64. . . Res. Feb. 15, '65. Chaplain John Paulson June 17, '63. . . Mus. out with reg. Nov. 28, '65.
During the winter, spent on the Kansas border, the Eighth was whipped into shape, its principal work being guard duty. Late in May orders were received to send South all troops possible to spare. The Eighth embarked at Leavenworth May 27, 1862, on board the steamer Emma, bound for Columbus, Ky .; the regiment was a part of General Robert B. Mitchell's brigade which consisted entirely of Kansas troops, the First, Seventh and Eighth regiments and the Second Kansas Battery. From Columbus the brigade moved to Corinth, where it was assigned to the Ninth Division of the Army of the Mississippi under command of General Jeff C. Davis. After service in the country about Corinth, the Eighth, on the 18th of August, with the Ninth Division, marched to re- inforce the Army of the Ohio. The trip was from Florence, Alabama, to
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Louisville, Kentucky. The command, stripped for the campaign, trans- portation eut to the minimum, baggage abandoned, was organized in light marching order. The Report of the Adjutant General of Kansas says of this march: "At two o'clock on the morning of August 26th, this ter- rible campaign commenced. The fiery southern sun beat upon the marching column like the heat of a furnace; the dust was almost insufferable, and water was very scarce, the only reliance, except at long intervals, being ponds. These ponds had become stagnant during the long drouth, and their surface was, in nearly all cases, covered with a foul green scum, which had to be pushed aside to get at the water." The command reached Nashville on September 4; here it rested a week and leaving September 11th, reached Louisville on the 26th. The end of this arduous campaign was the battle of Perryville.
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