USA > Kansas > Kansas; a cyclopedia of state history, embracing events, institutions, industries, counties, cities, towns, prominent persons, etc. with a supplementary volume devoted to selected personal history and reminiscence, Volume II > Part 36
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W. Clarke in 1856, returned to take possession of their homes along the Little Osage river. They met with opposition, and called upon Montgomery for assistance. In December he took the field with his company and created so much disturbance that Gov. Denver found it necessary to order a detachment of soldiers to that part of the state to preserve order. (See Denver's and Medary's Administrations.) In 1859 he was a candidate for representative in the territorial legislature, but was defeated by W. R. Wagstaff. On July 24, 1861, he was mustered into the Union army as colonel of the Third Kansas infantry, but was transferred to the command of the Second South Carolina colored regi- ment, with which he made a raid into Georgia. This regiment, with Col. Montgomery in command, distinguished itself at the battle of Olustee, Fla., Feb. 20, 1864. After the war he returned to his home in Linn county, Kan., where he died on Dec. 6, 1871. During the border troubles preceding the Civil war, some of his men would frequently indulge in plundering their enemies, but Montgomery never was a party to such proceedings. One writer says: "He died poor, although he had abundant opportunity to steal himself rich in the name of liberty."
Monticello, an old settlement in Johnson county, is located on Mill creek a short distance southwest of Zarah, the nearest railroad station, and about 10 miles north of Olathe, from which place it has rural free delivery. It was laid out by a town company in June, 1857, and a store was opened by Rich & Rivley. The postoffice was established the same year but it was discontinued when the rural delivery was established. In 1858 the town was almost destroyed by a tornado but was quickly rebuilt, and for a time aspired to become the county seat. It did not meet the expectations of its founders, however, and for many years has remained about the same size. At present it has several general stores, a school house, churches, blacksmith shop, about 15 dwellings and in 1910 had a population of 63.
Mont Ida, one of the thriving little towns of Anderson county, is located in Washington township on the Missouri Pacific R. R., 9 miles southwest of Garnett, the county seat. It has a score of business houses, express and telegraph offices, and a money order postoffice with one rural route. The population according to the census of 1910 was 200. The town was surveyed and platted by the railroad company in 1880. The first store was opened by Frank Gray, who was appointed postmaster when the postoffice was established the next year. The school house was erected in the spring of 1882, and the first school was taught by Maggie Moore.
Montrose, formerly "Delta," a little village of Jewell county, is located 7 miles east of Mankato, the county seat, and 5 miles from Formoso. It has banking facilities, postoffice, express and telegraph service, and a good local trade. The population in 1910 was 150.
Monument, a village in Logan county, is located in Monument town- ship on the Union Pacific R. R., 16 miles northeast of Russell Springs, the county seat. It has a bank, a grain elevator, a hotel, a number of
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stores, an express office, and a money order postoffice with two rural routes. The population according to the census of 1910 was 150.
Monument Rock .- One of the most imposing landmarks in Kansas is the one in Gove county by the above name. This rock, situated in the valley of the Smoky Hill river a few miles west of Gove City, rises out of the level plain to a height of 75 feet or more. One of the stations on the line of the Butterfield Overland Despatch (q. v.), was located near the rock, but it was abandoned in the late '6os on account of troubles with hostile Indians. According to traditions there was a lively fight here between the employes of the stage line and the Indians. A large crack has recently appeared in the main portion of Monument Rock, indicating that in a few more years the elements will finish the work of destruction.
Monuments .- In all the civilized nations of the world, the custom prevails of marking historic events and places by erecting enduring monuments bearing appropriate inscriptions. Among the historic monuments are the Nelson column in Trafalgar square, London; the Arch of Triumph at Paris, France; the Washington and Bunker Hill monuments of the United States, and the universal peace monument standing on the summit of the Andes mountains on the boundary line between Chili and Argentine-a large statue of Christ, cast from old Spanish cannon.
Kansas history is full of incidents worthy of such commemoration and it is not surprising that her people have erected suitable memorials to tell the story of her suffering, her patriotism and her progress. No doubt the oldest structure of this character in the state is the pile of loose stones at Council Grove, supposed to have been erected by some ancient Indian tribe to the memory of Friar Padilla, who accompanied Coronado on his expedition in 1541. Four other monuments have been erected by the Quivira Historical Society to mark supposed sites or incidents in connection with that expedition-one at Logan Grove, near Junction City ; one at Herington in honor of Padilla; one in the city park at Manhattan in honor of Tatarrax, chief of the Harahey Indians, and one at Alma in honor of that tribe. In 1901 the state legislature appropriated $3,000 to mark the site of the Pawnee village in Republic county, where Lieut. Pike first raised the United States colors in Kansas, and a monument was unveiled there on the centennial anni- versary of that event, Sept. 29, 1906. The old Santa Fe trail, which for half a century was the leading highway to the southwest, was marked by the State of Kansas and the Daughters of the American Revolution in 1906 by 95 granite boulders along the route, the legislature of 1905 giving $1,000 for the purpose. Pawnee Rock, a famous camping place in early days, and the walls of the old capitol at Pawnee, near Fort Riley, have been preserved by suitable legislature as historic landmarks, and the Daughters of the American Revolution have marked by suitable tablets the site of the first cabin in Topeka and of the old Constitution Hall. In 1883 the legislature appropriated $1,000 to mark the site of (II-20)
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the Marais des Cygnes massacre of May 19, 1858, and two stones stand in the gulch 5 miles northeast of the little town of Trading Post. On Aug. 30, 1877, the 21st anniversary of the battle of Osawatomie, a monu- ment was unveiled upon the field. It is called the John Brown monu- ment and bears the inscription: "In commemoration of those who, on the 30th of August, 1856, gave up their lives at the battle of Osawa- tomie in defense of freedom. This inscription is also in commemoration
OGDEN MONUMENT AT FORT RILEY. (Geographical Center of U. S.)
of the heroism of Capt. John Brown, who commanded at the battle of Osawatomie, August 30, 1856, who died and conquered American slav- ery on the scaffold at Charleston, Va., Dec. 2, 1859." The monument also bears the names of Theron P. Powers, Charles Keiser, David R. Garrison, George W. Partridge and Frederick Brown, free-state men who were killed in the action.
A number of monuments have been erected by the state, or by counties or cities, to commemorate the deeds of valor of Kansas soldiers in the War of 1861-65. In 1889, through the influence of Senator P. B. Plumb, the United States secured a plat in the cemetery at Mound City, removed there the bodies of the 45 soldiers killed at Mine Creek in 1864, and erected monument and flagstaff. The inscription reads : "Erected by the United States, 1889. In memory of the officers and soldiers buried within this cemetery, who gave their lives in defense of the nation." In 1895 the legislature appropriated $5,000 to mark the positions of the Eighth Kansas regiment at Chickamauga and Chatta-
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nooga. One is located on Missionary ridge, one at Orchard Knob and one at the Viniard place. They were turned over to the state and accepted on Sept. 20, 1895.
The first soldiers' monument erected in the state is probably the one at Marysville, the county seat of Marshall county. Franklin Post, No. 68, G. A. R., erected a monument at Olathe in 1893 "In memory of our dead comrades," and in Johnson county there are also monuments at Monticello, Wilder, Gardner and Spring Hill. On Memorial day in 1896, a monument erected by Guilford G. Gage was unveiled in the cemetery at Topeka "in memory of his comrades killed in the battle of the Blue, Oct. 22, 1864." The same day a monument was dedicated at Baldwin, Douglas county. It was erected by E. D. Baker Post, No. 40, G. A. R., and the Woman's Relief Corps, No. 102, and bears the inscription : "In memory of the soldiers who fought for the preservation of the Union in the war of the great rebellion from 1861 to 1865." Sol- diers' monuments have also been erected at Manhattan, Cherryvale, Marion, Wichita, Clay Center, Belle Plaine, Bluff City, Girard, Junction City, Elmdale, Fort Scott, Burlingame, Parsons, Erie, Princeton, Quenemo, Coffeyville, Garnett, Winfield and some other points. In Mount Hope cemetery, Cowley county, a monument "To the memory of unknown soldiers, sailors and marines" was dedicated on Oct. 24, 1907. It was erected by the Sunflower club, and cost $1,000. Many of these monuments were built by private subscriptions. Some of them are merely old cannon, mounted on substantial stone bases, but all bear testimony of the gratitude of the people to the "Boys in Blue," who gave four of the best years of their lives to save the country from dis- ruption.
Several memorial monuments mark the sites of Indian battles or tell the story of Indian raids upon the frontier. In 1893 a monument was erected by the officers and enlisted men of the Seventh U. S. cavalry "To the soldiers who were killed in the battle with Sioux Indians at Wounded Knee and Drexel Mission, South Dakota, Dec. 29 and 30, 1890." The monument cost $2,000. The states of Kansas and Colorado united in erecting a monument on Beecher island, where the battle of Arickaree was fought on Sept. 17, 18 and 19, 1868. The monu- ment was dedicated on the anniversary in 1905 and cost $5,000. Six laborers working on the Union Pacific railway were killed by Indians near Victoria, Ellis county, in 1867, and some years later their burial place was marked by a stone bearing the inscription : "This stone marks the burial place of six track laborers, who were in the employ of the Union Pacific Railway, Eastern Division, and, while on duty, about one mile west of here, were massacred by a band of Cheyenne Indians in October, 1867. Erected by the Union Pacific Railroad Company." On May 31, 1909, the people of Lincoln county dedicated a monument "Erected by free gifts in memory of those massacred or captured by Indians in what is now Lincoln county," with the names of the victims. The monument was unveiled by Mrs. Mary Edwards, a niece of the
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Mrs. Allerdice who was killed by the savages. The legislature of 1909 appropriated the sum of $1,500 for the erection of a monument to the citizens of Decatur county who were killed in the Cheyenne raid of 1878.
The Kansas boys who served in the Spanish-American war and in the Philippines have not been neglected in the erection of appropriate memorials. A tablet has been placed in the Miami county court-house at Paola and dedicated to the soldiers from that county who served in the war. At Ottawa a memorial gateway at Forest park has been erected at a cost of $2,000 "In honor of Company K, Twentieth Kansas regiment, in appreciation of their gallantry and patriotism in the Philip- pine islands, 1898-99." In the chapel of the University of Kansas is a
MONUMENT TO UNION PACIFIC TRACK LABORERS.
bronze tablet to the memory of Lieut. Alfred Cecil Alford, "commanding Company B, Twentieth Kansas infantry, killed near Caloocan, Feb. 7, 1899." Two memorial windows have been placed in the chapel at Wash- burn College, Topeka, for John H. Bartlett, Company F, Twentieth Kansas, and Richard M. Coulson, Company H, Twenty-second Kansas. In Albert Taylor hall of the State Normal school at Emporia is a bronze tablet erected to four students of that institution who died while serv- ing in the Twentieth and Twenty-second regiments.
Among the monuments erected to the memory or in honor of citizens and individuals, the one at Lawrence stands foremost. It stands in Oak Hill cemetery, and bears this inscription: "Dedicated to the memory of 150 citizens who, defenseless, fell victims to the inhuman ferocity of border guerrillas, led by the infamous Quantrill in his raid
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upon Lawrence, Aug. 21, 1863. Erected May 30, 1895." At Fort Leavenworth is a beautiful bronze statue of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. It is the work of the well known sculptor; Lorado Taft, and was unveiled on Sept. 14, 1889. It cost nearly $5,000, which was contributed by officers and enlisted men, employees of the quartermaster's department, citizens of Kansas and Missouri, and some of the Kansas Grand Army posts. The legislature of 1903 voted to place a marble statue of John J. Ingalls in statuary hall at Washington, D. C., and appropriated $6,000 for that purpose. A fine monument to Gov. John A. Martin was erected at Atchison by John A. Martin Post, No. 93, G. A. R., of that city "To commemorate his public and private virtues." Appropriations amount- ing to $1,500 were made by the legislatures of 1881 and 1883 for a monu- ment in the Topeka cemetery to Alfred Gray, in token of his services as a member of the state board of agriculture. Burnside Corps, No. I, Woman's Relief Corps of Kansas, erected a monument to Mary A. Sturges, an army nurse, in the Oak Grove cemetery at Kansas City, Kan., and other individual monuments commemorating deeds of valor or patriotism are those to Thomas Smith, marshal of Abilene in 1870; Hugh H. Siverd, a deputy sheriff of Cowley county, who was killed on Oct. 25, 1903, while trying to arrest two desperadoes; Edward Graf- strom, who lost his life while trying to save some of the citizens of Topeka during the flood of 1903; Carl A. Swensson, founder of Bethany College at Lindsborg; Mary T. Gray, one of the founders of the Kansas Federation of Women's clubs, and the monument to Thomas Morgan, a student in the Winfield high school, who, while skating, sacrified his life in the effort to save a schoolmate, Paul Bedilion, both boys being drowned. (See also Memorial Building.)
Moodyville, a country postoffice of Pottawatomie county, is located on the Kansas Southern & Gulf R. R. 4 miles north of Westmoreland, the county seat. It is a camping and health resort, having one of the best medicinal mineral springs in the state. The town was laid out in 1882 with great prospects for building up a place of importance, but in 1910 the population was only 33.
Moonlight, an inland hamlet in Dickinson county, is located 7 miles northeast of Abilene, the county seat, and 6 miles from Detroit, the nearest shipping point and the postoffice from which it receives mail. The population in 1910 was 25.
Moonlight, Thomas, soldier and politician, was born in Scotland on Nov. 10, 1833. At the age of thirteen years he ran away from home and came to America as a forecastle hand on a schooner. He landed in Philadelphia, "a stranger in a strange land" and without a cent of money. Not disheartened by circumstances, however, he went to work at the first thing he could find to do, and during the next seven years he was employed in mills, glass factories and on truck farms in the vicinity of Philadelphia. On May 17, 1853, he enlisted in the artillery service of the regular army, took part in the Seminole war in Florida, and was with Albert Sidney Johnston in the campaign against the
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Mormons. At the expiration of his term in 1858 he was honorably dis- charged at Fort Leavenworth, where for the next year he occupied the position of chief clerk in the commissary department. In 1855, while serving in the army, he married Miss Ellen Murray of Elmira, N. Y., the wedding being solemnized at Ringgold barracks, Tex. In 1860 he bought a farm in Leavenworth county, Kan., and settled down to agri- cultural pursuits. When the Civil war broke out, he raised a light bat- tery and was commissioned captain of artillery. Promotions followed and at the close of the war he was colonel of the Eleventh Kansas cavalry, with the brevet rank of brigadier-general. In 1864 he was a presidential elector on the Republican ticket; was soon afterward appointed collector of internal revenue, and in 1868 was elected secre- tary of state. At the close of his term he declined a second nomination and later, on account of his views on prohibition, went over to the Democratic party. He was an elector-at-large on that ticket in 1884, and in- 1893 he was appointed minister to Bolivia by President Cleve- land, which position he held for four years. Col. Moonlight died on Feb. 7, 1899.
Moore, Horace L., banker and member of Congress, was born at Mantua, Ohio, Feb. 25, 1837. He received his education in the dis- trict schools and the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute at Hiram, Ohio. He taught his first school at Yankeebush, near Warren, Pa., when only seventeen years old. In 1858 he moved to Kansas with his brother Francis, who died a month after their arrival in Atchison county. Mr. Moore taught a six months' term of school at Barry, Clay county, Mo., during the winter of 1859-60, and joined the Masonic order there. In 1860 he entered the law office of Christian & Lane, where he studied until he enlisted on May 14, 1861, as a private in Company D, Second Kansas infantry, a three months' regiment. In the organization of his company he was made a corporal and served until Oct. 31, participating in all the actions of the regiment. The day he was mustered out he reënlisted and on Dec. II, 1861, was made second lieutenant on the reorganization of Company D. On May I, 1862, he received his commission as first lieutenant and was promoted to the captaincy of his company in 1863, but never mustered, as he was commissioned lieutenant-colonel of the Fourth Arkansas cavalry by the secretary of war and mustered into that regiment on Feb. 18, 1864. He held this command until mustered out of the service on June 30, 1865. In 1867, with the rank of major, he commanded a battalion of cavalry, called the Eighteenth Kansas, during its service on the plains against hostile Indians. On Oct. 30, 1868, he was mus- tered in as lieutenant-colonel of the Nineteenth Kansas cavalry and on March 23, 1869, was promoted to the colonelcy. With this regiment he took part in the campaign conducted by Gen. P. H. Sheridan, which resulted in forcing the hostile Indians back upon their reservations. At the close of the war Mr. Moore engaged in the grocery business at Lawrence, in Trinidad, Col., Las Vegas and Albuquerque, N. M.,
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under the firm name of Moore, Bennett & Co., but in 1882 he sold his interest in the business and returned to Lawrence. Subsequently he was treasurer of Douglas county for two years. In 1892 he was nominated and elected to Congress by the Democrats and Populists, but was not seated until Aug. 2, 1894, as Edward H. Funston had been given the certificate of election and was not unseated until that time. Since retiring from Congress Mr. Moore has resided in Law- rence. He is president of the Lawrence National Bank; takes a deep interest in all historical matters; has long been a member of the Kan- sas State Historical Society ; was its president in 1906; and is a mem- ber of the board of directors of the society for the term ending in Dec., 1912. Mr. Moore has spent much time and labor in compiling a record of the Moore family. On Sept. 16, 1864, Mr. Moore married Esther Amelia, the daughter of Capt. Samuel and Jane (Deming) Harmon, at Ravena, Ohio, whose ancestors were pioneer settlers of New Eng- land, having come to Springfield, Mass., in 1644.
Moran, an incorporated city of the third class in Allen county, is located 12 miles east of Iola, at the junction of the Missouri Pacific and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas railroads. It has an internationl money order postoffice, from which emanate four rural delivery routes, a bank, a weekly newspaper (the Herald), several good stores, etc. When the Missouri Pacific road was under contemplation the people of Marmaton township voted bonds and the railroad company agreed to establish a station somewhere near the center of the township. It was first known as Moran City, but the first postoffice was called Morantown, the last syllable being dropped in 1900, since which time the place has been called Moran.
Moray, a country postoffice of Doniphan county, is located in Wolf River township on the St. Joseph & Grand Island R. R. 5 miles west of Troy, the county seat. It has a money order postoffice, express and telegraph offices, and some local trade. The population in 1910 was 40. Moray was settled in 1857 by Norwegians.
Morehead, a village in the southwest corner of Neosho county, is in Shiloh township on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R. 20 miles southwest of Erie, the county seat. It has telegraph and express offices, several general stores, and a money order postoffice with one rural route. The population in 1910 was 150. One of the main business enterprises is the shop for the manufacture of the Smith detachable plowshare.
Morganville, an incorporated city of the third class in Clay county, is located in Sherman township on the Republican river and on the Union Pacific and the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific railroads, 7 miles north of Clay Center, the county seat. It has a bank, a weekly newspaper (the Tribune), all the leading lines of mercantile enter- prises, churches and schools, telegraph and express offices, and a money order postoffice with two rural routes. The population in 1910 was 285. The town was founded in 1870 by Ebenezer Morgan and was
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formerly known as Morgan City. The first store was opened by W. R. Mudge in 1871.
Morland, an incorporated town of Graham county, is located on the Solomon river in Morland township and on the Union Pacific R. R., 14 miles west of Hill City, the county seat. It has 2 banks, a weekly newspaper (the Progress), a mill, an elevator, about 20 retail stores, telegraph and express offices, and a money order postoffice with one rural route. The population in 1910 was 237.
Mormons .- (See Latter Day Saints.)
Mormon Trail .- On the original surveys of Kansas appear a number of roads designated as "Mormon Trails." These highways all bear towards the northwest and are simply feeders of the trail taken by the "Saints" during the '40s. During the exodus under Brigham Young, the Mormons left by way of Independence, Mo., over the Santa Fe trail, following this road to "110 creek," where they turned to the northwest, passing through what is now Wabaunsee county, the old trail being a little south of the village of Eskridge and following on to the Kansas river, which it crossed at a point between Junction City and Fort Riley, since known as "Whisky Point." From there the road bore north across Riley county, passing near the present site of Ogden, thence into Marshall county, and following up the Little Blue river left the state in what is now Washington county over the Oregon trail. At a later day much of the Mormon emigration left by way of St. Joseph, Mo., crossed the Missouri river where Atchison is located, and followed west, intercepting the old California trail.
Morrill, one of the incorporated towns of Brown county, is located on the St. Joseph & Grand Island R. R. 11 miles northwest of Hiawatha, the county seat. It has 4 churches, an accredited high school, 2 banks, a flour mill, a grain elevator, an opera house, a newspaper (the News), about 100 business establishments of various kinds, express and tele- graph offices, and an international money order postoffice with two rural routes. The population, according to the census of 1910, was 398. The town was founded in 1878, although it had been settled many years before. The depot was built in 1877 and the high school build- ing was erected in 1882.
Morrill, Edmund Needham, thirteenth governor of the State of Kan- sas, was born at Westbrook, Cumberland county, Me., Feb. 12, 1834, his ancestry for generations having been prominent in New England. He was educated in the common schools and at Westbrook Academy, and after leaving school learned the trade of tanner with his father. In March, 1857, he landed in Kansas and located in Brown county, where he and a partner established a sawmill. The same year he was elected to represent Brown and Nemaha counties in the first free-state legislature, serving in the extra session of Dec., 1857, and the regular session which began in Jan., 1858. In 1861 he enlisted as a private in Company C, Seventh Kansas cavalry, but in a short time was pro- moted to the rank of sergeant. In Aug., 1862, he was commissioned
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