USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Milford > History of the town of Milford, Worcester county, Massachusetts, from its first settlement to 1881 > Part 1
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HISTORY OF MILFORD WORCESTER COUNTY, MASS.
Cornell University Library
Ithaca, Nem Bark
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Who learns and learn' but does not what he knows,
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http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028816184
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F. T.atu :
Adim Ballon.
HISTORY
OF THE
TOWN OF MILFORD,
WORCESTER COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS,
FROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT TO 1881.
In Two Parts. PART I .- STRICTLY HISTORICAL. PART II. - BIOGRAPHICO-GENEALOGICAL REGISTER.
BY ADIN BALLOU.
PUBLISHED BY THE TOWN.
BOSTON: FRANKLIN PRESS : RAND, AVERY, & CO. 1882.
527/M
80
F 74 1164 B19
A509321
1.134910 0 Y11083V1MU YXA8811
3.00
PREFACE.
THIS History of Milford was commenced, under an engagement T
with the town authorities, in the spring of 1876, and has occu- pied nearly all the time I could spare from other regular duties during nearly six years. It has proved a more laborious undertaking than at first I anticipated. It also covers more ground, and is more elab- orate, than I then contemplated. But, getting fairly started, the vista opened before me in widening expansion; and I saw that I could not produce such a volume as would at once do honor to the town and myself, without enlarging its scope, particularity, and com- prehensiveness. I therefore did so, with more labor and pains than anybody can appreciate who has not executed some similar enterprise. The results now appear in their very ample proportions, subject to the various criticisms of divergent mental judgment. I have had hard work to satisfy myself, and do not expect the unanimous ap- proval of others; yet I hope the majority of my judges will pro- nounce favorably. I do not claim perfection, either in matter or style. Doubtless my general arrangement has faults, my execution errors, and my specification inaccuracies ; but I have been at great pains to render these as few and unimportant as the nature of such a work permitted. Probably I have been too prolix on some topics, too brief on others, and too omissive on others. Also, that in my biographical sketches I have over-eulogized some, under-eulogized others, and neglected to eulogize several who deserved creditable notice. But in all these, as in other respects, I have followed my own best judgment, and do not shrink from the responsibility.
vi
PREFACE.
tents, Part I., and will itself be followed by an article headed Free- man's Oath and Ballot ; all which see in their order.
Without multiplying words further, I now submit and commend this volume to all classes of its expected readers. They will see that the historian, the Publication Committee, and the Town have spared no reasonable expense to furnish them a historical work, replete with well-digested matter, fine pictorial embellishments, and every thing adapted to render it a household treasure for present and coming generations.
ADIN BALLOU.
HOPEDALE, MASS., Dec. 1, 1881.
-
Masperock Pond
HOPKINTO
N.
Tunnel Hill
walles St
:11
-
Purchase St
Haven
Rivero
UPTON.
rugir
North
Tyler
St.
Deer
Ola Holliston Beundry
Present Hollister Boundry
ISITIOH
O
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N
oking
Purchase
rest.
Dilla
Pine Grove ater Warks.
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S
west
HIII.
ar
Park.
Medway St
Nest
St
ve
Freedom
Beaver
St.
HO PEN
47,705
Depots
Charles
Bear
MEDWAY.
Mystic
Magomiscock
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11
S. P.
Cedar Swamp Pon
The Plains
Rocky Woodsi.
Braggving 1
Main St.
B.A. A. R.R.
Street.
North"Hill.
Districts
Great Meadow
Adin Se
Ma
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Cem.E
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Main
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Wild Cat.
Silver Hill
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Charles
Camp
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MILFORD,
of the Town of
MAP
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Cem.
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Plain.
Howard St.
Distr
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-
1
Beaver St
St
Beaver
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Maple St
Great Me
BELLINGHAM.
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cena
River .
MASS.
Neck Hill.
x
Hopedale St
Green &
Spindleville.
South
C
-
South
Plain.
River
W
Atdy's Corn Min.
St.
Plain
-
Charles,
Grove
· N
Howardk St
FactOfp
Lithotype Printing Co. N. Y.
CONTENTS. - PART I.
CHAPTER I.
MATTERS OF INTRODUCTORY INTEREST.
Name and Aboriginal Ownership. - Milford a Favorite Name. - The Nip- muck Indian Country, whereof our Milford is a Section. - How the Eng- lish Settlers regarded the Nipmucks, and acquired Possession of their Lands. - Eliot's "Praying Indians."
Origin of Quinshipaug Plantation. - This Plantation became Mendon, and included our Territory. - Projected by Enterprising People of Braintree and Weymouth. - The Preliminaries and Grant of General Court.
First Purchase of Indian Territory. - Tract of Eight Miles Square bought. - The Indian Deed.
Settlement, Incorporation, and Desolation. - Records of the Town for Several Years destroyed or lost. - Struggles of the Pioneer Settlers. - Last Act of the Plantation Commissioners. - First Town-Meeting. - Division of Meadow-Lands. - Other Proceedings. - King Philip's War. - Murders, Dispersion, and Destruction. - Return of the Fugitives, and Re-organiza- tion of the Town.
The North Purchase. - An Acquisition of Three Square Miles, more or less, to our Territory. - The Deed. - Remarks about the Indian Names, Wapo- wage aud Quinshipaug. - An Error corrected .
1
CHAPTER II. GEOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY, SOIL, AND PRODUCTIONS.
Situation, Topography, and Geology. - Situation, Boundaries, Size, Distance from the Seacoast, etc. - Mr. Almon Thwing's Report on Certain Features of our Topography, and Altitude at Various Points ; giving Interesting Facts relating to our Rivers, Hills, and other Particulars. - My Amplifica- tion of the Same Topics. - Geological Formation and Peculiarities of our Soil.
Vegetation and Animality. - Forest State Two Hundred and Fifty Years Ago. - Native Trees and Woods ; Herbage and Grasses. - The Natural Meadows, how formed ; their Extent and Productions Greater and More
X
CONTENTS.
Reference to the Old Muster-Rolls. - Down through the Revolutionary War. - Men and Officers. - Events and Incidents. - Town Action. - Gen. Alexander Scammell.
From the Revolution to the Secession Rebellion. - Disbandment of the Army. - Military Organizations in Town, and Expenses. - Occasions of Alarm. - Shay's and Whiskey Insurrections, Threatened War with France, etc. - Artillery Company organized in 1803. - Its Brilliant Career. - March to Boston in 1814, at Call of General Order. - Names of Officers and Men, Compensation, etc. - Organization of the "Lafayette Guards" in 1826. - Disbandment of both these Companies between 1843 and 1846. - Milford Captains and Higher Officers. - Changes in Militia Laws. - Enrolments. - Organization of "Company A " in 1853. - Its Career and Captains.
During and since the Secession Rebellion .- Gen. Schouler's Summary of Mil- ford's Action, Contributions, and Sacrifices in Behalf of the National Cause. - Extracts from Headley on Gen. A. B. Underwood's Heroism and Sufferings in the War. - Concerning Milford's Officers in the same, and Losses of Soldiers. - Grand Army Post, etc. - More Recent Military Companies organized, etc . 99
CHAPTER VIII. WAR RECORD OF THE REBELLION.
Memoranda of Soldiers and Officers furnished by Milford to the Union Ar- mies for suppressing the great Secession Rebellion; abridged from the Town-Clerk's originally compiled Record; all arranged in Strict Alpha- betical Order, with carefully designated Abbreviations, duly defined and explained. This is a long chapter, including the names and a brief specifi- cation of the services rendered by all our officers and soldiers during the Civil War
122
CHAPTER IX. RELATING TO EDUCATION AND KINDRED MATTERS.
School Districts and their Changes. - Originally Four. - In 1784 divided into Eight. - Altered in 1799. - In 1802 arrauged into Six. - A Partial Revision in 1824. - The First District divided in 1829, and a Seventh created. - New Boundaries defined without Gores. - An Eighth District set off in 1836, called " Deer Brook." - In 1841 a New Division into Eleven Districts. - The Twelfth set off in 1847. - In 1851 the Twelve re-arranged into Eight, etc. - All abolished in 1854.
Schoolhouses and Expenditures. - No Schoolhouses in Town at Incorporation. - Schools kept in Private Houses. - Schoolhouses first mentioned in our Records, 1791. - A Few Poor Things at that Date. - One built Earliest in the Centre District. - The Second Generation of Houses in Several Dis- tricts. - Notices of all the subsequently built Schoolhouses in Town.
School Moneys and Management. - Moneys variously raised, derived, and dis- tributed. - Amount and Details. - School-Committee Members since the Town was incorporated. - Progressive Improvements in Educational Management, etc.
Miscellanies of an Educational Nature. - Select Seminaries and other Private Schools -Gradnates from Colleges. - The Towu Library, etc. . .
189
xi
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER X.
OUR RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES AND CHURCHES.
History of the Congregational Parish completed. - Awkward Relation of Town and Parish dissolved. - The New Meeting-House built in Troublous Times, with much Prayer. - Dedication and Rejoicings. - Rev. Mr. Long's Pros- perous Pastorate till 1844, when he resigned, and was dismissed. - His Successors down to 1878. - Succession of Deacons, and Status of the Church. - Thorough Renovation and Enlargement of the Meeting-House, and other Particulars of Interest.
The Universalist Society. - Its Origin in 1781. - Organization in 1785, under the Murray " Charter of Compact."- Its Members and Ministers down to 1820. - Its New Strength from the Controversy of 1819. - Brick Meeting- . House erected, and dedicated with Enthusiasm. - Succession of Ministers and Officers. - New Church Edifice built, and dedicated in 1851. - Other Recent Particulars.
. The Methodists and their Societies. - Early Society in North Purchase in 1792, etc. - Meeting-House built, and finally burnt. - Parsonage built and sold. - Succession of Ministers, Society Officers, etc. - Changes and Final De- cay. - The Present Prosperous Society originated in Prayer-Meetings. - Services held in Town-House, 1836. - Organization in 1844. - Meeting- House and Parsonage built in 1849. - Succession of Ministers and Offi- cers, etc.
Central Baptist Church. - Brief History of its Origin, Progress, and Standing. The Episcopalian Society. - Historical Particulars of its Origin, Progress, and Status.
St. Mary's Church (Roman Catholic). - Its Origin, Growth, and Prosperity in Detail.
The Hopedale Community and Parish. -- Exposition of the Community's Pecu- liarities, and its Submergence into the Hopedale Parish, etc.
Miscellanies .
.
230
CHAPTER XI. PAUPERISM, BOARD OF HEALTH, AND FIRE-DEPARTMENT.
Maintenance and Management of the Poor till 1825. - Reference to Chap. VI.,
where the Subject is opened. - Early Agreements and Settlements with Mendon. - Approximate Conjectural Estimates of Numbers and Cost for Many Years. - The Vendue Custom, its Abuses and Supercession. - The Contract System, its Abuses and Peculiarities. - The Town decides to buy a Farm, and establish an Asylum, and does so in 1825.
Management and Operations since 1825. - Historic and Statistical Statements, exhibiting the More Important Facts relating to the Support of our Poor in and out of the Asylum, as derived from Annual Reports by the Select- men and Overseers of the Poor, especially their Printed Reports; closing with a List of Superintendents and Matrons of the Establishment.
History and Statistics of the Board of Health. - Its Organization in 1859. - Rules and Regulations then adopted. - Names and doings of its Members briefly given, so far as ascertainable, to 1881.
History and Statistics of our Fire-Department. - First Fire-Engine in Milford, 1831. - First Volunteer Engine Company. - Subject first acted on by the Town in 1837. - Two Engine Companies in 1839. - Town Encouragements
-
xii
CONTENTS.
and Action. - Annual Expenditures down to 1855. - Organization of the Fire-Department. - Rules and Regulations, - Tabulation of the Principal Facts and Statistics down to 1881, compiled from Annual Reports. - Names of Engineers and their Officers 278
CHAPTER XII. CEMETERIES, ROADS, STREETS, COMMONS, ETC.
Burial of the Dead, and Cemeteries. - Earliest Burials at the Town-Seat of Mendon .- The Old Precinct Burying-Place is historically treated of in Chap. V. - No Town Action concerning Burials till 1792. - The South Milford Graveyard established by the Town in 1799. - About the Deed first taken, etc. - A Hearse and Hearse-House provided in 1805 .- Addition to Burying- Ground bought 1809, and Tombs built. - Particulars of Interest relating to the Old Cemetery; the New One, Vernon Grove, South Milford. - North Purchase. - Full History of all the Town Cemeteries. - The Pine-Grove, Catholic, and Hopedale Cemeteries noticed. - Remarks on the Treat- ment, Present State, and Conjectural Future of our Old Burying- ground.
Roads, Ways, Streets, Commons, etc. - History of our Oldest Roads and Prin- . cipal Thoroughfares from the First Settlement of our Territory. - Mendon Layings-out, etc., down to the Present Time; in which the Old "Country Road," " Eight-Rod Road," "Sherborn Road," etc., are fully treated of. -- All our Streets namned by the Town in 1863. - They are taken up in Alphabetical Order. - Their History briefly given, with Descriptions of their Position, Length, Width, and Contents, including Public Grounds and our Railroads. - Final Summary of Extent in Miles and Number of Acres
305
CHAPTER XIII.
STATISTICS OF FINANCE, POPULATION, PRODUCTION, ETC.
The Town's Financial Affairs, Operations, and Exhibits. - Lack of Early Fi- nancial Documents and Records, by Reason of Negligence, Fire, etc. - What Funds the Town started with by Settlement with Mendon. - Copy of Reported Settlements. - Moneys raised for its Principal Purposes by the Town, from Year to Year, during its Century of Corporate Existence, in Tabulated Statements, showing Receipts and Expenditures. - Town Assets and Indebtedness. - Its Taxable Resources of All Kinds . Productive Industries and Pursuits. - Statistics collected by the State for 1837, 1845, 1855, 1865, and 1875. - Our Manufactures. - Rise and Growth of the Boot and Shoe Business. - Various other Branches of Manufacturing En- terprise, more or less Successful at Different Periods. - The Small Begin- nings and Ultimate Triumphs of the Most Successful. - Descriptions and Statistics of those in the Centre and at Hopedale. - The Results of Enter- prise, Improvements, and General Progress, now Prominent . 338
CHAPTER XIV. BY-LAWS, LAWSUITS, CRIMINALITY, ETC.
By-Laws of the Town .- Why, how, and when established. - Copied in Full. - Remarks on their Enforcement and General Operation.
Important Lawsuits, and Reports of the Same. - Compiled and prepared for
xiii
CONTENTS.
this Work by Thomas G. Kent, Esq., with a Brief Introduction and Ex- planatory Notes by the Author. - Some Historical and Interesting Legal Adjudications presented by Mr. Kent.
The Criminal Status of Milford since a Town. - The Population shown to have been always comparatively free from Capital Crimes and Gross Misde- meanors, though with enough of Offences and Disorders to deplore . . 368
CHAPTER XV. MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS AND PARTICULARS.
Our Voluntary Associations, organized for Various Purposes. - 1. The Merely Secular .- " Horse-Thief Detecting." - The " Agricultural " - The " Medi- cal." -The Pecuniary, Industrial, and Literary. - 2. The Fraternal, the Masonic, Odd Fellowship, etc. - 3. The Reformatory, Temperance Societies, etc. - 4. The Mutual Benefit Societies. - 5. The Religious and Semi-religious Organizations. - Social and Amusemental Characteristics. Abandoned Home-Sites, Descent of Farm-Lands, Local Changes, etc. - Descrip- tions and Historical Particulars of Thirty-seven Abandoned Home-Sites in Different Parts of the Town. - The Numerous Changes in Ownership of Real Estate. - The Few Persons who now inherit Real Estate in the Fourth Generation, etc. - Four Specimens of Numerous Changes in the Ownership of Homesteads. - Original Land-Owners of Milford Centre. Real Estate ever owned by the Town, and Interesting Chronicles. - Table I., showing all the Parcels conveyed to the Town. - Tahle II., all the Par- cels conveyed froin the Town. - Divers Interesting Chronicles. - Innhold- ers and Retailers of Spirituous Liquors
CHAPTER XVI. SUCCESSION OF CIVIL OFFICERS, ETC.
384
· Opening Explanatory Statement. - The Easterly Precinct of Mendon, be- fore becoming a Town, honored with its Share of Municipal Officers. - Concerning Wardens, Deer Reeves, and Tything Men, whose Offices be- came sooner or later Obsolete. - A Table of Milford's Legal and Actual Voters since Incorporation. - Lists of the Principal Town Officers, and the Years in which they served, omitting the Minor Grades below Over- seers of the Poor. - Military, Religious, and Educational Officers referred to as presented in their own Distinctive Chapters. - The Names of all our Moderators during the Century, and the Years when they presided once or more. - Our Town Clerks and Treasurers during the Century. - Our Selectmen, and their Years of Service. - Our Assessors, and theirs. - Our Overseers of the Poor, and theirs - Representatives sent to General Court. - Delegates to Consultive and Constitutional Conventions. - Sena- tors to General Court living in this Town. - Governor, Councillors, etc. - Eminent Natives of the Town that rose to Official Distinction. - Our Justices of the Peace. - Police Court, and Officers. - Our Post-Offices and Postmasters. - Our Lawyers. - Our Physicians . 409
CHAPTER XVII.
OUR CENTENNIAL CELEBRATIONS, ETC.
Indebtedness of the Historian to the Publishers of " The Milford Journal " for their Masterly Reports of both the National Centennial Celebration in 1876, and the Municipal one in 1880. - 1. The Most Important Portions of Pro-
xiv
CONTENTS.
ceedings selected from their Published Report of the National Celebra- tion: viz., Prefatory Annunciation; Executive Committee of Arrange- ments; Officers of the Day; The Grand Parade; At the Town Hall; Mr. Ballou's Address, etc .; On the Park; Evening Entertainment; Gene- ral Deportment. - 2. The Most Important Portions of Proceedings select- ed from their Published Report of the Municipal Celebration: viz., Pre- liminary Preparations; At the Depot Grounds, etc .; The Procession; The Decorations; At the Tent, etc .; Hon. A. C. Mayhew's Remarks; Address of Welcome by Samuel Walker, Esq .; Dinner; Act of Incorpo- ration read by Hon. Henry B. Peirce, Secretary of State; Original Hymn sung; Gen. Adin B. Underwood's Address; Original Poem by Hon. Charles Thurber; Hymn sung; Toasts, Evening Assembly, and Rev. Mr. Howard's Poem; Fire-Works; Letters of Absent Invitees, Notes, and Incidents
. 430
PART II.
BIOGRAPHICO-GENEALOGICAL REGISTER . 515
1
INDEX
. 1145
!
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS.
[Several of these illustrations are not placed where they naturally helong, to avoid, If possi- ble, their weakening the binding of the volume by nearness to each other; hut the reader will see that in such cases reference is made to pages where their subjects are more prominently mentioned.]
PAGE
ADIN BALLOU, the author, steel plate (see p. 556, etc.) Opp. title
CAPT. RUFUS THAYER, steel plate (see p. 1057) . 110
GEN. A. B. UNDERWOOD, steel plate (see p. 1080) = 117
LIEUT. WILLIAM H. H. JOHNSON, steel plate (see p. 847) . " 158 HON. GEORGE W. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, heliotype (see pp. 363, 847) 217
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, lithotype ·
S
239
HON. LEE CLAFLIN, steel plate (see p. 648) 250
= MILFORD NATIONAL BANK, lithotype . 367
MUSIC HALL, or OPERA HOUSE, lithotype . 388
ETHAN C. CLAFLIN, town treasurer, steel plate (see p. 651)
414
Ex-Gov. WILLIAM CLAFLIN, steel plate (see p. 648) . 421
HIRAM HUNT, rep. to Gen. Ct., P. M., etc., steel plate (see p. 837)
426
HOPEDALE ESTABLISHMENTS, heliotype (see p. 365, etc.) . 439
THE TOWN HALL, lithotype (see p. 405) = 449
JOHN CLAFLIN, Esq., steel plate (see pp. 491, 647) 478
AARON CLAFLIN, manufacturer, merchant, etc., steel plate (see p. 648), 491 WILLIAM H. COOK, rep. to Gen. Ct., editor, etc., steel plate (see p. 678) . . = 511
COL. JAMES H. BARKER, heliotype
564
SETH P. CARPENTER, Esq., steel plate
610
HORACE B. CLAFLIN, eminent merchant, steel plate (see p. 492)
649
HON. ALBERT A. COOK, wood engraving . 680
GEORGE DRAPER, manufacturer, steel plate (see p. 721, etc.) . WARREN W. DUTCHER, manufacturer, steel plate
725
ALLEN C. FAY, M.D., lithotype
741
ZIBEON C. FIELD, Esq., steel plate
745
COL. LEWIS JOHNSON, steel plate (see p. 846)
770
SILAS W. HALE, A.M., rep. to Gen. Ct., etc., steel plate = 780
WILLIAM A. HAYWARD, merchant, steel plate .
809
719
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
PEARLEY HUNT, Esq., heliotype, from an oil painting by Steere Opp. 833 COL. ADAM HUNT, steel plate
838 CAPT. HENRY NELSON, lithotype (see p. 927)
853
HON. AARON C. MAYHEW, steel plate .
894
NEWELL NELSON, Esq., steel plate
.926
OTIS PARKHURST, an official citizen, steel plate 947
COL. SULLIVAN SUMNER, lithotype
1042 THOMAS B. THAYER, manufacturer and merchant, steel plate
1060
GEN. ORISON UNDERWOOD, steel plate .
1078
SAMUEL WALKER, manufacturer, etc., steel plate
1089
ELIAS WHITNEY, long overseer of the poor, steel plate
1117
AN ABBREVIATION KEY.
M ANY abbreviations are used, especially in Part II. of this work, and more or less in Part I. Those in Chapter VIII., "War Record of the Rebel- lion," are most numerous. They are nearly all explained in the opening of the chapter. Some of the more common, in both Parts, hardly need explanation. Many others may need one. I therefore make the following specifications : -
A. -
A., for age, aged; adj., for adjutant, adjacent, adjoining; ack., for acknowledge- ed-ment; ac., acs., acre, acres; admr., administrator-trix, administer-ed; adm., admitted; amt., amount, amounting ; acct., A.D., A.M., etc., are common, and well understood.
B.
Bap., baptized, Baptist, baptism; batt., battery, battalion; Bell., Bellingham; b., born, birth; bd .. bound-ed-ing; bro., bros., brother, brothers; B., Brown, in connection with the university; brig., brigade, brigadier.
C.
Capt., captain; cer., ceremony; ch., church; chap., chapter; chn., children; clk., clerk ; cler., clergyman; co., company, county; coll., college; col., colonel; Cong., congregation, Congregational; Ct., court, Connecticut; cor., corporal.
D.
Ds., days; Dec., December; dea., deacon; D., Deed; d., died, deceased, death, dead; dr., daughter; dist., district; div., division, divided, etc.
E.
E., east; ely., easterly or eastwardly; Eng., England; eld., elder; en., enlisted; ens., ensign; est., estate.
F.
Fam., family, families; fr., father; fol., follows-ed-ing; Fram., Framingham; Feb., February.
G.
Gen., General, generation; gt., great; gd., grand; grad., graduate.
H.
H. U., Harvard University; Holl., Holliston; Hon., honor, honorable; Hop., Hop- kinton; hr., hour; hs., house, houses; hus., husband; hist., history, etc.
xvi
AN ABBREVIATION KEY.
I.
· Incor., incorporated; inft., infant, infantry, etc .; inhab., inhabitants, etc.
J.
Jan., January; J. P., justice or justices of the peace; jt., joint.
K.
Kt., knight; k., killed; kn., known. L.
Ld., land; lat., latitude; lf., life; Lt. or Lieut., lieutenant; lv., lives, or living; long., longitude; ld., lord; lt., Iot.
M.
M., married; mge., marriage; Mar., March; mead., meadow-s; Med., Medway; Men., Mendon; Mil., Milford; ml., mls., mile, miles; mo., month; mr., mother.
N. N., or No., North; nw., new; Nov., November. 0.
O., old; Oct., October; obj., object, objection, etc.
P.
Pt., parent; ptge., parentage; prob., probable, probably ; poss., possess, possession, etc .; prop., property, or proposition; pub., public, publish, etc.
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