USA > Massachusetts > Worcester County > Milford > History of the town of Milford, Worcester county, Massachusetts, from its first settlement to 1881 > Part 13
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Joseph Passmore, Joel Thayer, Phineas Tanner, John Brown, Wm. Lesure, Stephen Lesure, James Battles, Henry Nelson, Isaac Chapin, Jona. Whitney, Josiah Chapin, John Hayward, Amariah Albee, Boyce Kimball, Eben' Thompson, Oliver Chapin, Simeon Smith, Silas Brown, David Cutler. Oliver Chapin is noticed as one of Gen. Washington's Life-Guards, and Simeon Smith as in the corps of artillery under Lieut. Thomas Bailey. All these are put down under date of 1777. There were others, of various dates and periods of service, not easily dis- tinguishable from their Mendon comrades. Among the nine-months' men for the Rhode Island service in 1778, I find John Brown, Joseph Chapin (d. in service), Isaac Chapin, David Cutler, John Howard (d. in service), Boyce Kimball, Wm. Lesure, and others whose locality seems probable, but not certain. Some few enlisted for the war, some for three years, some for nine months, etc. The following were nine-months' men of 1778, from the easterly precinct, who are supposed to have gone into the Northern Army ; viz., Calvin Smith, Darius Holbrook, Caleb Holbrook, Jona. Kimball, Wm. Cut- ting, Artemas Cheney, and John Dewing. The following-named enlisted during the war: Silas Brown, Aaron Davis, Paul Davis,
104
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
Benjamin Hayward, Henry Nelson, Joseph Passmore, Saul Ramsdell, Joel Thayer, Samuel Thayer, and Jona. Whitney (killed). Of two or three others I have doubts just where they belonged. Amariah Albee is set down as a three-years' man who d. in service. Oliver Chapin is ranked among the dragoons, and Amariah Vose as an artilleryman. Our Jona. Hayward was in the R. I. service during part of 1878. Among the nine-months' men for R. I. service from our precinct in 1779, I find the names of Darius Holbrook, Jona. Kimball, Wm. Cutting, Artemas Cheney, Jno. Dewing, Asa Albee, Caleb Holbrook, Moses Ramsdell, Samuel Thayer, and Moses Parkhurst. This brings me down to the separation of Milford from Mendon. If I have made omissions and mistakes, I hope to be exeused in consideration of the difficulties incident to the case. Upon the incorporation of Milford, the two towns, pursuant to previous agreement, made equitable divis- ion of their arms, ammunition, and complicated military responsibili- ties then existing. As to what followed to the end of the war, I shall content myself with reeiting simply the principal votes of our town relating to martial matters, condensing and epitomizing so far as allowable.
TOWN ACTION.
1780, MAY 18. Voted a committee of five to hire soldiers.
JUNE 26. Voted that the town assume payment of all fines im- posed on its officers for delinquencies in filling the draft.
SEPT. 11. Voted to give each soldier that marched to R.I., upon the late alarm, twelve days, a thousand dollars : these must have been dollars in depreciated currency. There was, however, a qualifying proviso, that the soldiers give the seleetmen " an order to draw the whole of their wages, allowance, and travelling fees that the Gen. Court might award them."
Ocr. 2. Voted that the selectmen pay out of the town's money " for the clothing ealled for by the State, if it cannot be got from the State before the ereditors want their money."
OCT. 16. " Voted that Capt. Saml. Warren, Jno. Robinson and Obadiah Wood be a Committee to procure the beef called for by the State, and deliver it to Jacob Davis, Esq., agent for that purpose in Charlton."
OCT. 16. " Voted that Ehen" Holbrook, Capt. Gershom Nelson and Capt. Ichabod Thayer be a Committee, in conjunction with the Selectmen, to procure the artieles for the soldiers that the Seleetmen have given security for."
Ocr. 16. Saml. Jones made a committee-man, in conjunction with
105
ARMY SUPPLIES VOTED.
Mendon com., to get a settlement with Dr. Wm. Jennison for bor- rowed powder.
Nov. 28. Capt. Saml. Warren added to the last named com., for settlement of all accts. with Dr. J., and " to pursue in law, if occasion require." It does not appear what Dr. Jennison's delinqueney was, further than that he owed for borrowed powder. The Dr. at this date had removed from Milford to Douglas.
Nov. 28. " Voted that Lt. Jesse Whitney, Capt. Saml. Warren, Lt. Seth Nelson, Lt. Saml. Jones and Capt. Ichabod Thayer be a Com. to settle with John Battle for his team going to the late alarm, which was to R. Island."
DEC. 25. Voted that Capt. Saml. Warren, Eben" Holbrook, and Lt. Joseph Cody be a com. to procure beef, or money in lieu of beef, at the town's cost, agreeable to a resolve of Gen. Ct., passed Dec. 4, 1780.
DEC. 25. Voted to raise $15,000 to procure beef.
Voted that the same Com. that was chosen the 18th of last May to hire soldiers, should hire the soldiers requested at this time by the State, and have allowance for their trouble.
1781, JAN. 8. Voted to raise 1,000 hard or silver dollars for the purpose of hiring ten soldiers for 3 years, or during the war.
The said 1,000 silver dollars to be hired, if otherwise unobtainable.
MAR. 26. Mendon delivered to Milford its proportion of arms and ammunition, as previously agreed. (Items not found on record.)
APRIL 2. Voted that Capt. Gershom Nelson, Capt. Saml. Warren, and Elijah Thayer be a eom. to settle with the soldiers that lately marched to R.I.
MAY 14. Voted that Dea. Gideon Albee, Josiah Wheelock, Lt. Seth Thayer, Obadiah Wood, and Lt. Joseph Gibbs be a com. to hire soldiers the ensuing year.
AUG. 20. Voted to risk, as a Town, the fine for the 2 Continen- tal men said Town is delinquent in raising.
DEC. 5. Voted that Seth Nelson and Daniel Wedge, Constables, be the men to hire the remaining part of the Continental men. Voted £160 to hire said men.
1782, MARCH 5. Voted to allow Joseph Cody for collecting and driving beef to Charlton, $8.
MARCH 18. Voted to raise £150 forthwith for the purpose of hiring 4 Continental soldiers for 3 yrs., and that no town order " should answer this Rate."
APRIL 15. Voted to indemnify the assessors of the town from any fine relative to orders from Gen. Ct. passed Mar. 8, 1782, for the
-
106
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
purpose of raising 4 Continental soldiers for 8 yrs., or during the war. The war had dragged on so tediously and exhaustively, that it had become extremely difficult to raise recruits for the army. Fortunately it was now drawing to a close.
MAY 29. Voted that Lt. Seth Nelson, Elijah Thayer and Moses Gage be a com. to hire soldiers, and that said com. have reasonable pay for service out of town.
DEC. 9. Relative to an art. in the warrant, "To see if the Town will relieve Godfrey Hyers, Israel Brown, Jr. and Caleb Albee from the Continental army, by sending men to take their places, or pay the sum engaged them after they have served one year, - Voted and chose Capt. Saml. Warren to go to Camp and do his best endeavor to hire 3 Continental soldiers to release 3 others at Camp, and make report to the Town."
1783, MARCH 4. Voted to allow Capt. Saml. Warren £9, 68. for his service to camp hiring soldiers.
From these chronicles it appears that our citizens were patriotic and faithful unto the end of the Revolution, as they had been at the beginning and through every stage of it; but their most memorable offering on the altar of national independence was the life of their distinguished and beloved fellow-citizen, Gen. Alexander Scammell.
He was a son of Dr. Samuel Leslie and Mrs. Jane Scammell, born in our then easterly precinct in 1744 ; graduated at Harvard Univer- sity in 1769 ; studied law with Gen. John Sullivan ; became col. of the First N. Hampshire Regt., chosen Light Infantry ; fought and was wounded at the battle of Saratoga in 1777; attained the rank of adj .- gen. 1780, was numbered among the most confidential friends of Gen. Washington ; was field-officer on Sept. 30, 1781, at the siege of Yorktown, when he was surprised by a party of the enemy's cav- alry while reconnoitring, and, after capture, inhumanly wounded. Being conveyed prisoner to Williamsburg, Va., he there died of his wounds, Oct. 6, 1781. (See Part II., Genealogical Regr., family- name SCAMMELL.) . .
1 1 It may be interesting to mention, in this connection, that in 1840 there survived, as Revolu- tionary pensioners in this town, the following-named soldiers and widows of soldiers :-
AGE.
AGE.
Darius Sumner .
84.
Ezekiel Jones .
82.
Abigail Morse .
87.
Anna Lawrence
80.
Hachaliah Whitney .
.
78.
Samuel Warfield
84.
Caleb Albee
75.
Edmund Bowker
83.
.
Nathan Wood .
80.
107
PEACE WITH ENGLAND-MILITIA ORGANIZED.
FROM THE REVOLUTION TO THE SECESSION REBELLION.
The Revolution was consummated by the treaty of peace between Great Britain and the United States, whereby our national independ- ence was conclusively acknowledged. This treaty was virtually made Nov. 30, 1782, but not considered complete till another had been agreed on, Jan. 18, 1783, which included France and Spain, allies of the United States, in the general settlement. Peace was formally proclaimed in the American army by Gen. Washington on the 19th of April, 1783, just eight years to a day from the opening of the bloody conflict at the battle of Lexington. The Revolutionary army was soon after disbanded, and its surviving heroes permitted to return to their homes. A war-worn and exhansted people gladly welcomed their hard-earned repose ; but as our civilization stands on the ancient war reliant basis, it must, of course, be governed by the maxim, "In time of peace prepare for war." Hence Massachusetts, like the other States, presently provided for a well-organized militia. In tlie re-organization which followed, Milford was included in the 2d Regt., Ist brigade, 7th division. It is believed to have had but one full company of ordinary infantry enrolled, until after the year 1800. The laws of that period required that towns should keep decently stocked depositories of powder and other necessary ammunition. Whether Milford, like the older towns, had an isolated powder-house, I have never been told ; but the records show that powder, and some- times in the form of cartridges, was amply provided for the soldiers. Year after year we find it voted to allow each soldier in the training- band a certain quantity of powder for the regimental review, or gen- eral muster day. Thus 1790, Oct. 4, " Voted to give each soldier in the Training band one half a pound of powder out of the Town stock, to furnish him with cartridges for the Regimental Review." 1794, Aug. 20, " Voted to allow each non-commissioned officer and soldier in Capt. Saml. Nelson's Company one pound of powder for a Muster day."
OCCASIONS OF ALARM.
There were several of these between the two wars with England, when requisitions were made by government for military forces to be in readiness for marching orders. The first was occasioned by the Shay's Insurrection, whose core was the county of Worcester, 1786-7. In the warrant for a town-meeting to be held Jan. 19, 1787, was the following article : "To see what said Town will do respecting the men's marching to Worcester by order of Government, according to the Draft made by Capt. Ichabod Thayer the 17th day of Jan. inst., or take any other method to procure said quota of men." But
108
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
just about that time the insurrection burst and vanished away, so nothing more was required of military force. The second alarm was occasioned by the Whiskey Insurrection of 1794 in Western Penn- sylvania. That mustered over six thousand insurgents, and was deemed so formidable that President Washington ordered the whole militia of the nation to hold itself in readiness to furnish any levy he might feel obliged to call for. This explains the following : 1794, Aug. 20, " Voted to make up (including his wages) to each non- commissioned officer and soldier of said Town, who shall voluntarily enlist or be drafted to go into Public Service agreeably to the late Requisition, Ten Dollars per month, if they are called into Service, and to pay each man Four Dollars advance pay, and also Two Dollars to each man for the trouble of Mustering." The whiskey malecontents, however, were soon suppressed, and our Milford men had merely the trouble of mustering. Exactly how many there were of them, is left in some uncertainty ; but I learn from the Selectmen's Order Book of that period that the following named persons received each his two dollars, i.e., his town-order for that sum : John Walker, Rufus Wing, Seth Thayer, jun., Caleb Albee, Obadiah Wheelock, Abijah Bruce, Asa Pratt, Ezekiel Jones, Gardner White, Luther Chapin, Nathl. Ingra- ham, Cephas Hayward, Ebenezer Sumner, jun., John Corbett, Artemas Thayer, Zuriel Hayward, Samuel Hayward, Seth Allen, jun., Solomon Jones. If there were others they were not recorded, or possibly I have overlooked their names. In 1797 another alarm was occasioned by serious apprehensions of a war with France ; hence, probably, the following vote : 1797, Oct. 2, " Voted to give each soldier Nine Shil- lings who shall enlist or be detached, according to a late Requisition of Congress, to hold himself in readiness to march into Public Service at a minute's warning ; aud also to give each soldier Ten Dollars who shall actually march into Service." Amicable negotiations insured peace, and no service was required of our soldiers. In 1807 there began to be fears of a war with England, and some preparations were made for national defence. Hence the Town, on Sept. 7 of that year, " Voted to allow the soldiers that have enlisted, to enable them to equip themselves and stand ready to march at a minute's warning in defence of their country's right (viz., those that belong to the town of Milford) Three Dollars cach." Accordingly the following named persons received three dollars each in selectmen's orders : Ezra Nel- son, Jesse Disper, Lemuel Parkhurst, Henry Nelson, Ebenr. Hunt, Lovell Clark, David Littlefield, Luther Claflin, Amasa Fairbanks, Eli Chapin, Jason Disper, Asa Cheney, Elijah Farrington, John Tourtel- lott, Amariah Hayward. Possibly there were others unrecorded or
109
MILFORD ARTILLERY CO., ETC.
overlooked. Feverish apprehensions of coming war frequently re- curred till it actually came in 1812. Here is another vote : 1809, April 3, " Voted to give the soldiers that turned out or were drafted in Dec. 1808 Two Dollars each, for their holding themselves in readi- ness to march at a minute's warning." Of these we find the follow- ing named on record : Caleb Cheney, Rufus Thayer, Ira Cleveland, Ezra Nelson, Ellis Sumner, Jared Rawson, Sullivan Sumner, John Parkhurst, Alexander Scammell, Joseph Wiswall, Levi Twitchell, Otis Albee, William Pool, Abner Poud, Ichabod Thayer, jun., Lot Wis- wall, Arial Bragg, Joel Stanford, David Littlefield, Amos Howard. During these years, 1809, '10, '11, etc., we find various orders given out in payment for ammunition and incidental miltary services.
Early in the year 1803 the long-famous artillery company was organized under Pearley Hunt, Capt. John Claflin, jun., 1st Lient., and Levi Chapin, 2dl Lieut. The elite of the town eagerly enrolled them- selves in its ranks. It was furnished with two handsome brass field- pieces and the necessary accompaniments, and was attached to a distinct battalion, commanded by a major and staff. It attracted to its banner the ambitious chivalry of the town, with generally a sprinkling of kindred materials from the adjacent towns. It was the pride of the vicinage, and was seldom outrivalled in the brigade by any inde- pendent company. It waxed and waned through various seasons, more or less prosperous, till its disbandment in 1846. When the last war with England was culminating in 1814, this company was called into service, nominally for three months, in connection with the State troops deemed necessary for the defence of Boston. What was then called the Federal party had political control of the State, and Caleb Strong was Governor. That party had been violently opposed to the war, and to President Madison's administration of the Gen. Govt. The Federalists of N. England seemed to have hoped, for a time, that the British forces might be restrained by policy from invading those States of the Union which had protested against the declaration of war by the Republican party under Madison. But they found no favors shown on that ground by the common enemy. The whole sea- coast of the country was threatened by British fleets, and at several points destructively assailed. Boston and its vicinity was considered in danger ; and Gov. Strong, under date of Sept. 6, 1814, called out several thousands of the State militia. Our Artillery Co. was includ- ed in the call, and marched promptly in obedience to the following orders : -
" Massachusetts Militia, 7th Division, Head Quarters Milbury, Sept. 8th, 1814, 12 O'clock at night. Pursuant to General Orders, a copy whereof is
110
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
hereunto subjoined, the Majr. General orders that forthwith you muster the Company of Artillery under your command, and immediately march to Bos- ton, having your Guns and Tumbril and all the Equipments required by law for actual service, knapsacks, blankets and three days' provision for your men. Your Company will be in uniform. Your Company will be alert and on your march by the sabbath morning at 8 O'clock, and as much earlier as possible. Evince your patriotism and gallantry. The Capital of the State is invaded; your territory is threatned; your Country demands your services. The Majr. Gen. relies that by your promptitude the honor of his command shall be maintained.
By CALEB BURBANK.
To Capt. RUFUS THAYER Commanding the Artillery Company in the 2d Regt., 1st Brigade, 7th Division." [Copied from the Company's preserved records.]
A ROLL OF CAPT. RUFUS THAYER'S ARTILLERY CO., CAMP SOUTH BOSTON, SEPT. 12, 1814.
Rufus Thayer, Capt.
Lovell Clark.
Ezra Nelson, Lieut.
Ira Cleveland.
Henry Nelson, Lieut.
Elijah Farrington.
Levi Rockwood, Sergt.
Isaac Kebbe.
Clark Ellis, Sergt.
Jones Pond.
Samuel Nelson, jun., Sergt. Leonard Chapin, Sergt.
Josiah Perry.
Isaac Davenport, Corpl.
Peter Rockwood.
Lewis Hayward, Corpl.
Alexander Parkhurst.
Calvin Johnson, Corpl.
Emory Sumner.
Clark Sumner, Corpl.
Leonard Taft.
Levi Saunders, Musician.
Ellis Taft.
Moses Littlefield, Musician.
Amasa Taft.
Ethan Weston, Musician. James Bowker, Musician.
Benjamin Woodward.
PRIVATES.
Lebbeus Daniels.
William Andrews.
Silas Gould.
Silas Baker.
John Corbett.
James Barber.
Amos Madden.
Jonathan Bathrick.
Samuel Crooks.
Hartwell Bills.
John Stearns.
Stacy Bosworth. Eli Chapin.
Chester Clark.
Daniel Thurber.
This co. of forty-four men reported themselves in Boston without delay, in prime order, and were presently encamped at So. Boston, ready for actual service. But the enemy gave them no opportunity to show their heroism on any field of battle. Peace was at hand, and within two months they were honorably discharged. Milford was
DRIVERS.
Preston Pond.
Rufus Thayer
111
POLITICS AND MILITARY AFFAIRS.
largely Republican in those times, and stanchly devoted to President Madison's administration. A large majority of its citizens went in. for prosecuting the war with England vigorously, and abhorred the anti-war Federalists. They repeatedly voted encouragement to volun- teers and soldiers, holding themselves in readiness to go into actual service at call. Thus we find the following recorded entries : 1812, May 4, "Voted to give the soldiers Five Dollars each that shall volunteer their services or be detached agreeably to Orders." 1812, Nov. 2, " Voted to give those soldiers that are detached and are liable to be called for Seven Dollars a month over and above their Continental pay, or the pay they shall receive from Govt. when they are called into actual service." 1814, Aug. 15, " Voted to make up the soldiers that belong to the Town of Milford, that now are or shall be hereafter called into actual service under the present Requisition of Govt., equal to Seventeen Dollars per month, including Govt. pay, to be paid at the close of their actual service." These pledges ap- pear to have been faithfully fulfilled. Divers other war expenses were undertaken, and duly paid. I find the names of eleven men who claimed and recd. the five-dollar bounty ; and probably there were several others who got either the five dollars or the seven dollars. The artillerymen that marched to Boston had their seventeen dollars per month promptly made up to them, according to promise. On their return from camp at So. Boston, in Oct. 1814, they were received by their townsmen with enthusiastic demonstrations ; and on the 30th of that month they attended public worship in a body, when they were honored with a congratulatory sermon from Rev. David Long. That sermon was requested for publication, and is one of the few from Mr. Long's pen that survive him in print.
Perhaps I ought, in justice to the lady friends of this company, to mention a high testimonial of respect and admiration tendered them on the 4th of July, 1827. That day was celebrated with unusual demonstrations of manifold patriotic display ; and I had the honor to be the orator of the occasion. The ladies, with unstinted liberality of subscription, had procured a new and elegant standard for formal presentation to the company, and matured all their arrangements accordingly. The presentation was an important beginning of the day's proceedings. A vast assemblage of citizens from this and the neighboring towns, of both sexes and all ages, including several handsomely equipped independent military companies, thronged the town Common. Capt. Clark Sumner commanded the Artillery Co., which was out in full numbers and bright uniform. Lieut. Isaac Dav- enport was the second officer, and Jolin Corbett, jun., the third, or
112
HISTORY OF MILFORD.
standard-bearer. A suitable platform had been erected on the wester- ·ly side of the Common, commodious enough to seat the Committee of Arrangements, Rev. clergy, etc. After prayer by one of the clergy present, I forget whom, Miss Lucy Hunt, eldest daughter of Pearley Hunt, Esq., then in her seventeenth year, with Miss Laura Ann Adams on her right hand and Miss Harriet Hunt on her left, all in their maiden bloom, and tastefully attired, partially nnfurled the ban- ner, gracefully delivered an appropriate address, and presented it to 2d Lieut. Corbett. He received it with an appreciative response, when the band struck up one of their liveliest airs, and the ladies were gallantly escorted back to Col. Sumner's hotel, whence they had come, amid the delighted manifestations of the multitude.
In the spring of 1826, a sprightly company of light infantry was organized in town, called " the Lafayette Guards." Its first officers were Lewis Johnson, Capt. ; Samuel B. Penniman, 1st Lieut. ; Albert Newhall, 2d Lient. This company emulated the artillery, and shared its honors in a greater or less degree down to 1846, or there- abouts, when it was disbanded for some reason by Gen. Order. The following statement will exhibit the succession of Milford captains in the three several companies, and their promotion to higher grades, when that occurred, from 1786 down to 1846. I may have overlooked one or two in my examination of the Adjutant-General's rosters : -
CAPTAINS OF THE ORDINARY INFANTRY.
Ichabod Thayer, Capt., 1786; Majr., 1788; Lieut .- Col. Commandant, 1790. Samuel Jones, Capt., 1788; Majr., 1790; Lieut .- Col. Commandant, 1792. Nathaniel Parkhurst, Capt., 1791.
Samuel Nelson, Capt., 1793; rose to be Majr. and Col. before 1800.
Benjamin Godfrey, Capt., 1699; Majr., 1802; Lieut .- Col. Comdt., 1805. Ezekiel Jones, Capt., 1802.
Hachaliah Whitney, Capt., 1805; Majr., 1809.
Henry E. Wheelock, Capt., 1809.
Arial Bragg, Capt., 1812; Majr., 1815; Lieut .- Col., 1817; Col., 1819. Sullivan Sumner, Capt., 1815; Majr., 1817; Col., 1820.
Silas Parkhurst, Capt., 1817.
Robert Corbett, Capt., 1821.
Sylvester Dean, Capt., 1823.
Rufus Chapin, Capt., 1825.
Eleazer Parkhurst, Capt., 1828.
Fowler Bragg, Capt., 1831.
Leonard Hunt, Capt., 1834; Majr., - Lieut .- Col., 1837.
Samuel Oliver, Capt., 1839, etc.
The old militia organization abolislied, 1840.
113
MILITARY OFFICERS, ETC.
CAPTAINS OF THE ARTILLERY CO.
Pearley Hunt, Capt., 1803; Majr. of Battalion, 1806.
John Claflin, jun., Capt., 1806; Majr. of Battalion, 1808.
Levi Chapin, Capt., 1808; Majr. of Battalion, 1810. Samuel Penniman, Capt., 1810; Majr. of Battalion, 1812. Amasa Parkhurst, Capt., 1812.
Zuriel Hayward, Capt., 1814; Majr. of Battalion, 1814. Rufus Thayer, Capt., 1814.
Ezra Nelson, Capt., 1816.
Henry Nelson, Capt., 1819.
Clark Ellis, Capt., 1821.
Clark Sumner, Capt., 1823; Majr. of Battalion, 1827.
John Corbett, jun., Capt., 1827; Majr. of Battalion, 1829.
Peter Corbett, Capt., 1829; Lieut .- Col., Infantry, 1832; Col., 1833.
Hiram Hunt, Capt., 1832.
Cooledge Perry, Capt., 1834; soon after rose to be Majr.
Horatio N. Smith, Capt., 1835.
Orison Underwood, Capt., 1837; Majr., 1837; Col., Infantry, 1839; Brig. Gen., 1841.
Ira Cheney, Capt., 1837.
Ziba Thayer, Capt., 1838.
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